EP0051445A2 - Caillebotis - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0051445A2
EP0051445A2 EP81305104A EP81305104A EP0051445A2 EP 0051445 A2 EP0051445 A2 EP 0051445A2 EP 81305104 A EP81305104 A EP 81305104A EP 81305104 A EP81305104 A EP 81305104A EP 0051445 A2 EP0051445 A2 EP 0051445A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bars
longitudinal bars
slots
longitudinal
transverse
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81305104A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0051445B1 (fr
EP0051445A3 (en
Inventor
Owen Lyell Livingston
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
OWEN LYELL LIVINGSTON
Original Assignee
OWEN LYELL LIVINGSTON
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by OWEN LYELL LIVINGSTON filed Critical OWEN LYELL LIVINGSTON
Priority to AT81305104T priority Critical patent/ATE15456T1/de
Publication of EP0051445A2 publication Critical patent/EP0051445A2/fr
Publication of EP0051445A3 publication Critical patent/EP0051445A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0051445B1 publication Critical patent/EP0051445B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/42—Gratings; Grid-like panels
    • E04C2/421—Gratings; Grid-like panels made of bar-like elements, e.g. bars discontinuous in one direction
    • E04C2/422—Gratings; Grid-like panels made of bar-like elements, e.g. bars discontinuous in one direction with continuous bars connecting at crossing points of the grid pattern
    • E04C2/423—Gratings; Grid-like panels made of bar-like elements, e.g. bars discontinuous in one direction with continuous bars connecting at crossing points of the grid pattern with notches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D47/00—Making rigid structural elements or units, e.g. honeycomb structures
    • B21D47/005—Making gratings

Definitions

  • THIS invention relates to a method for forming floor gratings which are suitable for supporting substantial loads off the ground, and to gratings formed by the method.
  • the invention relates to gratings of the type having two sets of parallel bars extending at right angles to one another to form a load supporting grid arrangement. Such gratings are commonly used in elevated walkways etc.
  • the two sets of bars will be referred to as longitudinal and transverse bars respectively, but this is not to be taken in any way as limiting the direction in which either set may extend in an assembled grating.
  • the longitudinal bars are deformed outwardly in those regions lying between the legs of the U-shaped transverse bars to prevent their removal from the slots.
  • the transverse bars are also deformed above the longitudinal bars to provide further insurance against withdrawal from the slots.
  • Deformation of the longitudinal bars is achieved by means of a pressing operation.
  • the bed plate of the press used is shaped to deform the transverse bars in the region of the edges of the slots to cause these edges to overlap the longitudinal bars which have been received in the slots.
  • Such deformation has the effect of reducing the compressive strength of the upper edges of the transverse bars.
  • the fact that the whole depth of the longitudinal bars is received within the slots formed in the transverse bars means that the uppermost edges of the steel of the transverse bars are unable to take any compressive loading at all, since there is no continuity of material above the level of the longitudinal bars.
  • a further disadvantage of the grating described in US-PS 1,620,846 lies in the protection of the grating against corrosion once-it has been fabricated. Sharp bends etc. should be avoided if galvanising or painting operations are contemplated,to ensure that a uniform coating is achieved.
  • the deformation employed in the grating shown in the US specification will give rise to sharp edges at the sides of the slots, and consequently to difficulty in applying the necessary coating to these critical areas of the steel to protect it.
  • the invention provides a method of forming a floor grating having a plurality of inverted U-shaped transverse bars and a plurality of longitudinal bars, the longitudinal bars being fitted in slots formed in the apices of the U-shaped bars and being deformed in those regions lying within the U-shapes, characterised by the steps of forming the transverse bars by folding them from flat plates and by deforming the longitudinal bars without cutting into the material of the longitudinal bars, so that their depth is substantially the same in those regions lying within the U-shapes as in those regions lying outside the U-shapes.
  • the longitudinal bars are press-fitted into the slots.
  • the slots may be formed in the apices of the transverse bars by punching prior to folding the flat plate.
  • the longitudinal bars may be deformed by applying a lateral force to the material of each longitudinal bar in those regions lying within the U-shapes to produce a bulge on one side of the plane of the longitudinal bar.
  • a floor grating having a pluralityof inverted U-shaped transverse bars and a plurality of longitudinal bars, the longitudinal bars being fitted in slots formed in the apices of the U-shaped bars and being deformed in those regions lying within the U-shapes, characterised in that the transverse bars are formed by folding them from flat plates, and in that the longitudinal bars are deformed without cutting into the material of the longitudinal bars so that their depth is substantially the same in those regions lying within the U-shapes as in those regions lying outside the U-shapes.
  • each longitudinal bar projects above the level of the apices of the transverse bars.
  • the section of finished grating shown in Figure 1 is made up of transverse bearer bars 1 and longitudinal bars 2.
  • Each transverse bearer bar has a U-shaped cross-section, as can be most clearly seen in Figures 3 and 5.
  • the U-shape in fact approximates to'a V-shape, but in practice there will always be some radius at the apex of the section, and the section is accordingly described as U-shape.
  • the longitudinal bars 2 have castellated upper edges. This serves as an aid in the prevention of slippage on the grating. It will be appreciated that gratings of the type under consideration are often used at substantial elevations, and that slippage of a person walking over the grating could have disasterous consequences.
  • the transverse bearer bars 1 are formed in the following manner: Strips of flat plate are passed beneath a punch, which is operated to punch a series of spaced transverse slots 5 from the plates across their central axes. One such plate is illustrated in Figure 4 after the punching operation.
  • the plates are then folded to the shape shown in Figure 5 about the central axis.
  • the resulting U-section then has a series of spaced slots 5 located along its apex.
  • transverse bearer bars 1 are then arranged in a spaced parallel relationship with the corresponding slots in each bar directed upwardly and in alignment with one another, ready to receive longitudinal bars 2 to form the grating.
  • the longitudinal bars 2 are lengths of flat bar.
  • the bars 2, prior to their insertion into the slots, are castellated along their upper edges to provide a better foothold for persons using the grating.
  • Each longitudinal bar 2 is then forced as a tight press-fit into one row of aligned slots.
  • the dimensions of the slots are such that when the plate has been folded to produce the transverse bearer bars, the depth of the slots is not sufficient to receive the full depth of the longitudinal bars.
  • the castellated portion of each longitudinal bar protrudes above the level of the apices of the transverse bars, as can clearly be seen in Figure 3.
  • the tightness of the fit may result in the upper edge of the steel of the transverse bars being subjected to compression, i.e. a "prestressing" of these upper edges takes place. A slight bowing of the transverse bars may even take place.
  • gratings manufactured according to the method of the present invention have a weight some 30% less than comparable gratings which exhibit similar strength. This is mainly due to the method of formation of the transverse bearer bars. It has been found that a suitable thickness of plate for use in preparing the transverse bearer bars is 3mm for most applications. Such plate is not excessive in weight, and is easily punched and handled.
  • the grating described also allows for a better protective coating to be applied to the finished grating than does the grating of the US patent.
  • the tightness of the fit in the slots also acts to lessen the likelihood of relative movement between the two sets of bars, with less resulting abrasion between bars and destruction of a coating which has been applied.
  • a further, readily ascertainable advantage of the method of the present invention over the disclosure of the United States patent lies in the punching operation to form the slots in the apices of the transverse bars. It will be appreciated that it is easier to punch slots from a flat plate than it is to punch or cut the slots laterally from the apex of a steel angle section.
  • the present invention is applicable to gratings intended for almost any span. With steel sections, the designer is limited by the angle sections available. With increasing angle size, there will be increasing fabrication difficulties. Gratings formed according to the present invention can be designed to suit a wide range of spans, by,.for example, increasing or decreasing the length of the legs of the transverse bars, as the case may be.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bathtub Accessories (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Road Repair (AREA)
EP81305104A 1980-10-28 1981-10-28 Caillebotis Expired EP0051445B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81305104T ATE15456T1 (de) 1980-10-28 1981-10-28 Flurgitterrost.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA806614 1980-10-28
ZA806614 1980-10-28

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0051445A2 true EP0051445A2 (fr) 1982-05-12
EP0051445A3 EP0051445A3 (en) 1982-08-04
EP0051445B1 EP0051445B1 (fr) 1985-09-11

Family

ID=25575003

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81305104A Expired EP0051445B1 (fr) 1980-10-28 1981-10-28 Caillebotis

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0051445B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS57108358A (fr)
AT (1) ATE15456T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU550546B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE3172255D1 (fr)
NZ (1) NZ198765A (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2155075A (en) * 1984-02-25 1985-09-18 Norton Eng Alloys Co Ltd Deck-forming member
US5174707A (en) * 1989-06-30 1992-12-29 Ohbayashi Corp. Three-dimensional manufacturing and assembly plant
GB2308396A (en) * 1995-12-20 1997-06-25 Kennedy Lionweld Ltd Grating and method for it's manufacture
WO2000003104A1 (fr) * 1998-07-10 2000-01-20 Owen Lyell Livingston Passerelle modulable

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61147806U (fr) * 1985-03-06 1986-09-11

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1620846A (en) * 1921-10-31 1927-03-15 Arthur E Wells Grating
US1750039A (en) * 1928-06-04 1930-03-11 Feltes Peter Emil Grating
NL7806980A (nl) * 1978-06-28 1980-01-03 Gouda Holland Holdings Sa Losneembare verbinding van twee elkaar snijdende kanaalvormige elementen.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1620846A (en) * 1921-10-31 1927-03-15 Arthur E Wells Grating
US1750039A (en) * 1928-06-04 1930-03-11 Feltes Peter Emil Grating
NL7806980A (nl) * 1978-06-28 1980-01-03 Gouda Holland Holdings Sa Losneembare verbinding van twee elkaar snijdende kanaalvormige elementen.

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2155075A (en) * 1984-02-25 1985-09-18 Norton Eng Alloys Co Ltd Deck-forming member
US5174707A (en) * 1989-06-30 1992-12-29 Ohbayashi Corp. Three-dimensional manufacturing and assembly plant
GB2308396A (en) * 1995-12-20 1997-06-25 Kennedy Lionweld Ltd Grating and method for it's manufacture
WO2000003104A1 (fr) * 1998-07-10 2000-01-20 Owen Lyell Livingston Passerelle modulable

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU550546B2 (en) 1986-03-27
JPH0149864B2 (fr) 1989-10-26
JPS57108358A (en) 1982-07-06
EP0051445B1 (fr) 1985-09-11
EP0051445A3 (en) 1982-08-04
NZ198765A (en) 1984-03-30
AU7685981A (en) 1982-05-06
ATE15456T1 (de) 1985-09-15
DE3172255D1 (en) 1985-10-17

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