EP0033753B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la combustion de paille légère - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la combustion de paille légère Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0033753B1
EP0033753B1 EP80100932A EP80100932A EP0033753B1 EP 0033753 B1 EP0033753 B1 EP 0033753B1 EP 80100932 A EP80100932 A EP 80100932A EP 80100932 A EP80100932 A EP 80100932A EP 0033753 B1 EP0033753 B1 EP 0033753B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
press
straw
cylinder
burning
space
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80100932A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0033753A2 (fr
EP0033753A3 (en
Inventor
Siegfried Bieder
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6094319&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0033753(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT80100932T priority Critical patent/ATE6093T1/de
Publication of EP0033753A2 publication Critical patent/EP0033753A2/fr
Publication of EP0033753A3 publication Critical patent/EP0033753A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0033753B1 publication Critical patent/EP0033753B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F24H9/1832—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
    • F24H9/1845—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using solid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/10—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for the combustion of loosely stored, bale-shaped straw by means of a continuously loadable combustion device for heating purposes, which is compressed and pushed in a compression direction into the incinerator, where it is burned off at the free entry end.
  • Incinerators are known which are used for all types of straw, logs, logs, pressed timber, brushwood, wood waste and the like. Like. Are suitable. These stoves have a large loading door on their front side, which enables compact straw high-pressure bales or round straw bales as well as round or log wood and logs to be inserted into the furnace from the front by hand. The thermal energy obtained by burning the above-mentioned solids is transferred to a hot water circuit and can be used for heating purposes.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method and a device for burning straw, in which the straw delivered in conventional bales is automatically fed to the oven and burned uniformly in the oven with a high degree of efficiency.
  • the overall system should be simple and compact in its construction, i. H. that the space requirement is low and the manufacturing costs are low, and is also intended to ensure safe continuous operation in which the above-mentioned safety risk is excluded.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that a portion is cut from the bale-shaped straw before combustion and each portion is compressed in two orthogonal planes.
  • the compacted portion of straw is then inserted into the incinerator and burned at the free entry end.
  • the incinerator therefore works together with a fuel feeding device, which consists of a straw conveyor and a straw compactor, the straw compactor being connected between the straw conveyor and the incinerator and opening directly into the combustion chamber of the incinerator.
  • the portioning of the amount of straw to be burned takes place with the aid of a first hydraulic press, the pre-press, which moves transversely to the feed direction of the straw bale and cuts off a straw disk from the front straw bale.
  • This straw disc is made by means of the press, which two are moving towards each other Has cylinder half-shells in which pre-compresses when closing the press cylinder space.
  • a post-press adjoining the pre-press now pushes the pre-compacted straw through a further cylinder space of the post-press, the straw being further compressed in the feed direction by the frictional forces between the straw and the cylinder wall.
  • oxygen and moisture can also be extracted from the straw. Since the cylinder chamber of the postpress is directly connected to the combustion chamber of the incinerator, the compacted, cylindrical straw mass is pushed directly into the combustion chamber, where the free end starts to burn and then falls and falls apart on a grate located at the lower part of the combustion chamber .
  • an extinguishing device is additionally provided, which is formed by water nozzles arranged in a ring in the cylinder wall, which are connected to a pressurized water line via a thermostatically controlled shut-off valve. This shut-off valve is opened when the temperature prevailing in the cylinder space of the post-press should exceed a certain limit value.
  • the pressure pistons of the two presses are coupled to one another and also to the drive of the straw conveyor in such a way that the combustion chamber is continuously fed with fresh straw. It is only necessary to ensure that appropriate straw bales are placed on the straw conveyor.
  • the incinerator Since the emission of pollutants is usually greatest when the cold incinerator is started, the incinerator is also equipped with a special device that can be operated via a rotary valve so that the flue gases are either diverted directly into the chimney or by moving the rotary valve can be used to improve the emission values.
  • the device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 essentially consists of the incinerator 1 and the fuel feed device 2.
  • the fuel feed device 2 in turn has a straw conveyor device as well as a pre-press 4 and a post-press 5.
  • the straw conveyor 3 is formed by a chain conveyor with conveyor chains 6 and drive sprockets 7. On different chain links there are drivers 8 which are arranged at a distance from one another and move the straw bales 9 in the direction of the arrow 10 to the pre-press 4.
  • the chain conveyor pushes the front straw bale onto a cutting table 11, to which the lower cylinder shell half 12 of the pre-press 4 is directly connected.
  • the drivers 8 are returned around the drive sprocket 7, immersing them in corresponding guide slots on the cutting table.
  • the front straw bale 13 is then transported on through the advancing straw bale.
  • the conveyor chain 6 is driven at intervals by the drive sprocket 7, the drive being coupled to the press drive in the manner described later.
  • the upper cylinder shell half 14 of the press is in the open position, in which the straw bale 13 between the two cylinder shell halves 12 and 14 can be inserted with its front end against a wall 15 on the front side.
  • the upper cylinder shell half 14 has already moved somewhat downward in the direction of arrow 16, with blades 17 provided on the edges of the cylinder half shell 14 having separated a portion 18 of straw from the straw bale 13. This portion 18 is compressed in the cylinder space that is formed (shown in dashed lines).
  • FIG. 1 shows that the lower half of the cylinder shell 12 also represents part of the press cylinder 19 of the secondary press 5.
  • the piston of this secondary press which is shown in broken lines in FIG. 1 in its left end position, moves in the direction of arrow 20 with respect to FIG. 1 to the right and pushes the pre-compressed straw into the press cylinder 19, which is directly in the combustion chamber 21 of the incinerator 1 opens and is closed at its free end by a flap 22.
  • the pre-compressed straw is compressed in the press cylinder 19 for the second time, to which the frictional forces occurring between the straw and the press cylinder wall and the forces to open the drop flap 22 contribute.
  • the strength of the compression in the secondary press can be influenced in that the press cylinder 19 is given a corresponding length or z. B. tapered towards the incinerator 1.
  • the piston 23 can have a cutting edge 24 on its front edge, which makes it easier to cut through straw residues in the closing area of the upper cylinder shell half 14. It is also conceivable that the piston 23 has a jacket bush 25 shown in dashed lines, which closes the opening of the press cylinder 19 in the region of the pre-press 4 when the piston 23 moves to the right in relation to FIG. 1. This has the advantage that the cylinder shell half 14 can already be moved upwards into the open position while the piston 23 moves back into its initial position, since the jacket bush prevents straw from falling behind the piston 23.
  • the combustion chamber 21 is continuously fed with the straw compressed for the second time in the postpress 5, which is pushed into the combustion chamber 21 intermittently with the aid of the piston 23. At the same time, pieces of straw fall onto a grate 26 located in the lower part of the combustion chamber 21, with thorough mixing with air taking place and clean combustion being ensured. Since the press cylinder 19 is filled with low-oxygen compressed straw, a flashback from the combustion chamber 21 into the press cylinder 19 is prevented. If the front part of the straw that has been pushed out has burned down and no further straw has been pushed in, the drop flap 22 automatically closes under the action of gravity, so that the press cylinder 19 is closed.
  • the thermostat 27 If the temperature in the press cylinder 19 should exceed a certain limit value, this is sensed by the thermostat 27 and the thermostat sends a control signal to a control device, not shown, which opens a shut-off valve 28 of a pressurized water line 29 so that water through the nozzles 30 is introduced into the press cylinder 19. Since the nozzles 30 are arranged in a ring in the wall of the press cylinder 19, the water barrier generated prevents the straw from burning through to the pre-press.
  • the combustion furnace 1 shown in section in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 is used for hot water preparation and for this purpose has an inner fire socket 31 and an outer jacket 32, which is coated with insulation 33.
  • the water to be heated circulates between the inner fire socket 31 and the outer jacket 32.
  • the incinerator has a flue gas convector 34 with a rotary slide 35 which can be moved in the direction of the arrows 36.
  • the rotary valve 35 is set such that the smoke in the direction of arrows 37 through an opening 38 of an exhaust pipe 39 through along the lower part of the pipe 39 to the front end of the incinerator 1 and back in the upper part of the pipe 39 to is directed to the chimney 40.
  • This position of the rotary valve 35 is set in the burning phase of the furnace in which the chimney is at its operating temperature.
  • the hot flue gases cool down as they flow through the exhaust pipe 39 by releasing their heat to the water jacket which surrounds the flue gas convector. When the flue gases enter the chimney, their temperature has cooled down so much that even older chimney structures can no longer be damaged by high flue gas temperatures.
  • FIG 4 shows the other position of the rotary valve 35, in which a direct connection is established between the opening 38 and the chimney 40, while the exhaust pipe 39 is closed in the upper part.
  • This position of the rotary valve 35 is selected in the heating phase of the furnace, so that the hot flue gases or flames can bring the chimney directly to its operating temperature.
  • a thermostat 41 is provided in the region of the convector 34, via which the entire system is switched on or off when a predetermined temperature range is exceeded or fallen below.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Claims (17)

1. Procédé pour la combustion de paille légère livrée en bottes à l'aide d'un dispositif de combustion à alimentation continue à usage thermique, paille qui est comprimée et poussée selon un sens de compression dans le four à combustion où elle est brûlée à l'extrémité libre de l'entrée, caractérisé en ce qu'une portion de la paille livrée en bottes est coupée avant la combustion et que chaque portion est comprimée dans deux plans orthogonaux.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la paille est comprimée dans une chambre fermée aboutissant dans le four de combustion jusqu'à ce qu'elle remplisse totalement l'espace de la chambre et en ce que la paille compressée est ensuite poussée dans le four à combustion.
3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que dans la chambre de compression l'humidité et l'oxygène sont extraits de la paille.
4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3 caractérisé en ce que la paille est préchauffée pendant.la phase de compression.
5. Dispositif destiné à l'utilisation de ce procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, comprenant un four de combustion (1) avec un circuit à eau chaude à usage thermique et un dispositif d'alimentation en combustible (2) avec un système de compression de la paille (4, 5) intercalé entre un dispositif d'alimentation en paille (3) et le four à combustion (1) et débouchant dans la chambre à combustion (21) du four à combustion (1), caractérisé en ce que le système de compression de la paille est formé de deux presses (4, 5) installées en tandem qui compriment la paille l'une après l'autre dans deux plans orthogonaux, la première presse (4) ayant deux demi-coques cylindriques (12,14) qui peuvent se déplacer l'une à l'encontre de l'autre dans le sens perpendiculaire à l'axe du cylindre et qui forment, lorsque le piston est dans sa position finale, un espace cylindrique fermé recueillant la paille comprimée et la seconde presse (5) étant formée d'un cyclindre (19) et d'un piston (5), le cylindre divisé (12, 14) de la première presse formant une section du cylindre de la seconde presse.
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les pistons des deux presses (4, 5) sont accouplés l'un à l'autre de sorte que le mouvement de compression de la première presse (4), le mouvement de compression et de retour du piston de la seconde presse (5) et le mouvement de retour du piston de la seconde presse déclenchent le mouvement d'ouverture de la première presse.
7. Dispositif selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que le piston de la seconde presse (5) est placé dans une position de point mort dans la zone d'une des extrémités de l'espace du cylindre (12, 14) de la première presse (4) et qu'il peut être déplacé vers l'autre position de point mort à travers l'espace du cylindre de la première presse et jusque dans l'espace du cylindre (19) justaposé de la seconde presse (5).
8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7 caractérisé en ce que les bords des demi-coques cylindriques (12, 14) de la première presse (4) et les bords de la face frontale du piston (5) de la seconde presse présentent des tranchants de couteaux (17, 14).
9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le cylindre (19) de la seconde presse (5) est fermé à son extrémité libre débouchant dans le four de combustion par un clapet pivotable (22).
10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé par le fait qu'un dispositif anti-retour de flamme (30) est prévu dans le cylindre (19) de la seconde presse (5), dispositif qui est constitué par des tuyères d'eau (30) placées en cercles dans la paroi du cylindre et reliées à une conduite (29) d'eau sous pression.
11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 5 à 10 caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de transport de la paille (3) est formé par un organe convoyeur (6) à mouvement sans fin placé dans l'angle droit vers la première presse (4).
12. Dispositif selon la revendication 11 caractérisé par le fait que l'organe convoyeur (6) présente deux chaînes transporteuses avec des poussoirs (8) espacés les uns des autres contre lesquels s'appuient les bottes de paille (9) lors du transport.
13. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 11 ou 12 caractérisé par le fait que l'entraînement (7) du dispositif de transport (3) est accouplé à l'entraînement des presses (4, 5).
14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé par le fait que l'accouplement a lieu par l'intermédiaire d'un cliquet entraîné par la tige du piston lequel cliquet s'engrène dans une roue à cliquet de l'entraînement de la roue à chaîne et entraîne cette dernière (7) à chaque course de retour du piston de la seconde presse (5) et/ou de la première presse (4).
15. Dispositif selon la revendication 5 caractérisé par la fait que le four à combustion (1) présente un convecteur (34) de gaz de fumée dans la partie supérieure de la chaudière.
16. Dispositif selon la revendication 15, caractérisé par le fait que le convecteur (34) à gaz de fumée est constitué par un tuyau (39) débouchant dans la cheminée (40) et relié à son extrémité proche de la cheminée à une chambre de combustion (21) et que le tuyau (39) est divisé en deux chambres par une paroi dans son plan médian longitudinal, chambres qui sont reliées entre elles à leur extrémité éloignée de la cheminée et dont une des chambres est fermée à son extrémité opposée.
17. Dispositif selon la revendication 16, caractérisé par le fait que la paroi possédant la fermeture frontale de la chambre est formée par un tiroir rotatif (35).
EP80100932A 1980-02-11 1980-02-25 Procédé et dispositif pour la combustion de paille légère Expired EP0033753B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80100932T ATE6093T1 (de) 1980-02-11 1980-02-25 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verbrennung von locker gelagertem stroh.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19803005039 DE3005039A1 (de) 1980-02-11 1980-02-11 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verbrennung von locker gelagerten feststoffen
DE3005039 1980-02-11

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0033753A2 EP0033753A2 (fr) 1981-08-19
EP0033753A3 EP0033753A3 (en) 1981-08-26
EP0033753B1 true EP0033753B1 (fr) 1984-02-01

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ID=6094319

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80100932A Expired EP0033753B1 (fr) 1980-02-11 1980-02-25 Procédé et dispositif pour la combustion de paille légère

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EP (1) EP0033753B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE6093T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3005039A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK109580A (fr)
NO (1) NO800530L (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003050450A1 (fr) * 2001-12-11 2003-06-19 Sugar Research Limited Dispositif d'alimentation permettant l'injection de biocarburants fibreux dans un reacteur sous la pression atmospherique ou dans un reacteur a pression controlee

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2535647A1 (fr) * 1982-11-04 1984-05-11 Gonod Andre Appareil pour la fabrication d'elements combustibles a partir de dechets organiques
DE3302380A1 (de) * 1983-01-25 1984-07-26 Gebrüder Welger GmbH & Co KG, 3340 Wolfenbüttel Beschickungsvorrichtung fuer stroh-verbrennungsanlagen
DE3311415A1 (de) * 1983-03-29 1984-10-04 Gebrüder Welger GmbH & Co KG, 3340 Wolfenbüttel Beschickungsvorrichtung fuer stroh-verbrennungsanlagen
SE8601091L (sv) * 1986-03-10 1987-09-11 Rippelton Nv Sett och anordning for att dosera ett jemnt flode av fastbrensle
ATE192016T1 (de) 1993-02-25 2000-05-15 Cargill Inc Brassica mit niedrigem glucosinolate gehalt
DK172334B1 (da) * 1995-06-21 1998-03-23 Ansaldo Volund As Fremgangsmåde og aggregat til brug ved fremstilling og forbrænding af et brændbart blandingsprodukt
AT510511A1 (de) * 2010-09-17 2012-04-15 Hinterecker Claus Ing Vorrichtung zur einbringung von biomaterial in einen brenn- oder vergaserraum
ES2597235B1 (es) * 2015-07-14 2017-12-12 José María GARCÍA GÓMEZ Dispositivo inyector para calderas de biomasa
CN105627293A (zh) * 2016-03-10 2016-06-01 马少辉 一种生物质转化装置
RU2633849C1 (ru) * 2016-05-25 2017-10-18 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт механизации сельского хозяйства (ФГБНУ ВИМ) Способ сжигания растительных отходов
CN106678817B (zh) * 2017-01-24 2018-10-16 成都君华睿道科技有限公司 一种压实焚烧两用固体废物处理装置
DE102017119897A1 (de) 2017-08-30 2019-02-28 Rolf Goldschmidt Verbrennungsmaterial

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US2011620A (en) * 1931-11-09 1935-08-20 Clarcnce F Erb Heating furnace
FR1114438A (fr) * 1954-10-06 1956-04-12 Foyer-brûleur pour échangeurs de faible puissance
CH416999A (de) * 1964-04-22 1966-07-15 Guenter Dipl Ing Fuchs Kessel, insbesondere für Heizzwecke
US3570421A (en) * 1969-04-16 1971-03-16 Mini Municipals Inc Loader apparatus for loading incinerators and the like
US3818848A (en) * 1971-07-19 1974-06-25 O Gardner Burner for light combustible materials
CH560367A5 (en) * 1973-09-11 1975-03-27 Ghelfi Ag Charging system for refuse incinerator furnace - separates air and fuel region of combustion chamber from charging arrangement
FR2295349A1 (fr) * 1974-12-19 1976-07-16 Anvar Appareil a bruler de la paille ou des substances similaires
FR2366929A1 (fr) * 1976-10-06 1978-05-05 Wetstein Leon Presse pour l'agglomeration des dechets
DE2821767A1 (de) * 1978-05-18 1979-11-22 Josef Probsteder Ofen fuer feste abfallbrennstoffe

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003050450A1 (fr) * 2001-12-11 2003-06-19 Sugar Research Limited Dispositif d'alimentation permettant l'injection de biocarburants fibreux dans un reacteur sous la pression atmospherique ou dans un reacteur a pression controlee

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0033753A2 (fr) 1981-08-19
ATE6093T1 (de) 1984-02-15
DE3005039A1 (de) 1981-08-20
NO800530L (no) 1981-08-12
EP0033753A3 (en) 1981-08-26
DK109580A (da) 1981-08-12

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