EP0029734A1 - Etagenzerkleinerungsvorrichtung - Google Patents

Etagenzerkleinerungsvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0029734A1
EP0029734A1 EP80304215A EP80304215A EP0029734A1 EP 0029734 A1 EP0029734 A1 EP 0029734A1 EP 80304215 A EP80304215 A EP 80304215A EP 80304215 A EP80304215 A EP 80304215A EP 0029734 A1 EP0029734 A1 EP 0029734A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stage
masses
mass
chamber
groove
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP80304215A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0029734B1 (de
Inventor
Olev Trass
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GENERAL COMMINUTION Inc
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GENERAL COMMINUTION Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GENERAL COMMINUTION Inc filed Critical GENERAL COMMINUTION Inc
Publication of EP0029734A1 publication Critical patent/EP0029734A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0029734B1 publication Critical patent/EP0029734B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C15/00—Disintegrating by milling members in the form of rollers or balls co-operating with rings or discs
    • B02C15/08—Mills with balls or rollers centrifugally forced against the inner surface of a ring, the balls or rollers of which are driven by a centrally arranged member

Definitions

  • This invention relates to multi-stage apparatus for processing materials. Specifically, it relates to apparatus which may be used for comminuting particulate material, or which may be used for mixing materials or for other operations as will be described.
  • a device has been developed which provides a substantial improvement over previously known devices. This device is described in Canadian Patent No. 974,956 issued September 23, 1975. An improvement of the device has been described and claimed in co-pending Canadian Application No. 235,623 filed September 17, 1975. In co-pending Canadian Application No. 235,623 a mass is rotated in a chamber, the mass being mounted on a flexible axle, for example, a wire rope.
  • the device disclosed in co-pending Canadian Application No. 235,623 is a single stage device comprising one or more rotating masses.
  • Residence time in grinders of the type referred to in the previous patents is important as the size reduction during the grinding or mixing process is directly dependent upon the residence time.
  • Such devices in addition to providing pure mechanical grinding are particularly useful in various mass transfer operations and chemical reactions.
  • the grinding devices may be used in such operations as leaching or extraction into a liquid.
  • Such mass transfer processes require appropriate residence times to obtain the desired result. With a single stage device such residence time can only be controlled by recycling the material.
  • the residence time within the apparatus and the degree of size reduction in a pass through the apparatus is dependent in large measure upon the configuration of the masses.
  • the size reduction will be substantially smaller than the case of a helical mass having relatively small grooves.
  • the transport rate through the apparatus will also be influenced in part by the number and pitch of the helical grooves.
  • each such stage comprising a plurality of grinding masses mounted on flexible axles.
  • the configuration of the masses in each of the stages may be chosen to give the desired result in terms of size reduction of particles and residence time all as may be required for the particular process involved.
  • a material processing apparatus comprises a plurality of masses having an outer surface and a central longitudinal axis wherein all the axes of the masses are parallel.
  • the masses are contained within a housing which has a longitudinal axis and an internal chamber having an interior surface.
  • the longitudinal axis of the housing is parallel to the axes of the masses.
  • Rotary support means are included within the housing for providing rotation about the axis of said housing and for rotatably supporting the masses on flexible axles for rotation about their individual axes.
  • the flexible axles are positioned such that the outer surface of each of the masses contacts the inner surface of the chamber of the housing as the rotary support means rotate about the axis of the housing.
  • the rotary support means comprise a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart support plates which support plates divide the chamber of the housing into a plurality of stages. Each of at least two of the stages comprises at least two of the masses. Mounting of the masses on the flexible axles provides a combination of centrifugal and gyroscopic forces to act on and crush particles or otherwise process material located between the rotating masses and the chamber wall.
  • Devices according to the invention may be used either to provide finely comminuted material or for mixing or homogenizing liquids, mixing solid particles, mixing particles with liquids, or they may be used as mass transfer devices and as chemical reactors, comminuting material to provide freshly exposed reactive surfaces which may react with other materials present.
  • the apparatus indicated generally as 10 comprises a housing 12 having an inner surface 14.
  • the housing is an elongated tubular housing having a central axis 16 and is arranged of convenient length to incorporate the number of stages desired.
  • the rotating mechanism contained within the housing is shown in Figure 2.
  • the rotating means indicated generally at 18 comprises a central shaft 20 extending the full length of the housing.
  • Shaft 20 is concentric with the central axis 16 of the housing.
  • the shaft 20 is located within the housing by means of upper and lower bearings 22 and 24 respectively.
  • Affixed to the central shaft 20 are a plurality of support plates. In the embodiment illustrated there are four support plates comprising upper support plate 26, lower support plate 28 and central support plates 30 and 32.
  • the support plates affixed to the shaft 20 divide the chamber contained within housing 12 into a series of individual grinding compartments or stages. As the support plates have a diameter less than the internal diameter of the housing 12 the compartments are connected in series by the annular gap between the support plates and the inner surface 14 of the housing 12. This gap is shown as 34 in Figure 1.
  • the width of this gap may be varied as required by the particular process to be carried out in the apparatus as will be more fully explained hereinafter.
  • each of the flexible axles is a rotating mass 42, 44 and 46 respectively.
  • the flexible axles are mounted in the support plates such that with the diameter of the mass chosen the outer surface of each of the masses contact the inner surface 14 of the housing 12 when the apparatus is at rest.
  • Each mass is mounted on the flexible axle for rotation of the mass about the flexible axle. Accordingly, as the entire rotating means rotates about axle 20 each individual mass will rotate about its flexible axle as the surface of the masses contact the inner surface of the housing 12.
  • Figure 3 illustrates the means of mounting the masses on the flexible axles and the mounting of the flexible axles in the support plates.
  • Figure 3 illustrates by way of example rotating mass 42 mounted on flexible axle 36.
  • Flexible axle 36 which is illustrated in greater detail in Figure 4 comprises two swaged fittings on either end. Swaged fitting 48 is swaged to the wire rope 50 and comprises a groove 52 for retention of a snap ring 54. Swaged fitting 56 is attached to wire rope 50 at the other end of the rope and comprises an external thread 58 adapted to receive nut 60.
  • the flexible axle 36 also comprises a central fitting 62 swaged to the central portion of the rope for mounting of bearings upon which the mass may be mounted.
  • the assembly of the flexible axle is illustrated in section in Figure 3. It will be observed that the flexible axle extends between upper support plate 26 and central support plate 30.
  • two bearings 64 and 66 are first mounted on the swaged central fitting 62. The mass 42 is then axially moved along the wire rope until it is centrally located over the bearings. Collar 68 is then inserted from the top. Collar 68 bears against bearing 64 and is retained in place by a snap ring 70.
  • the collar 68 comprises a dust seal 72 intended to prevent dust and other like products from affecting either of the bearings 64 and 66.
  • a similar collar 74 bears against bearing 66 and is retained by snap ring 76 retained in a groove in the interior surface of the mass 42.
  • Collar 74 also comprises a dust seal 78 to isolate the bearings from the grinding products.
  • Support plate 26 includes a hole to snugly receive swaged fitting 48. Swaged fitting 48 projects through the hole in support plate 26 such that the retaining ring 54 may be then placed in groove 52 to affix the fitting 48 to plate 26.
  • the flexible axle 36 is then long enough to ensure that fitting 56 will project through a similar hole in central support plate 30.
  • the two holes in support plates 26 and 30 are so arranged that when the flexible axle has been firmly affixed to the plates the mass 42 will be mounted having its longitudinal axis parallel to shaft 20. Fitting 56 projects through support plate 30 to expose a portion of thread 58. Nut 60 may then be threaded on to fitting 56 to as to securely locate the flexible axle and its rotating mass 42.
  • mass 42 is adapted to rotate about its flexible axle 36.
  • the flexible axle permits the mass to move radially outwardly as the shaft 20 rotates thereby ensuring that the outer surface of mass 20 remains in contact with the inner surface 14 of the chamber 12.
  • mass 42 is tilt.
  • the tilting of the rapidly rotating mass about its own axis creates a gyroscopic restoring force causing an additional crushing force to be exerted on the particle.
  • the axial length of the mass 42 is a matter of choice.
  • Figure 5 illustrates central support plate 30. It will be observed that flexible axles 36, 38 and 40 are arranged around the arc at 120° intervals. Flexible axles 80 and 82 of the central stage are attached to central support plate 30 midway in between the attachment points for the flexible axles for the upper stage. The third flexible axle for the central stage would be located in Figure 5 behind the central shaft 20. Using this system of attachment a single central plate may be used to locate the flexible axles immediately above and immediately below the central plate.
  • Random bouncing is the term used to take account of the effect that as material is fed into the apparatus it may move in any direction resulting from contact with any of the grinding surfaces or indeed other material within the grinder.
  • the fourth factor is the air or liquid stream. This may arise when the apparatus is used with a forced pressure feed such as might be the case when handling slurries or like fluids. If the fluid is pumped into the apparatus under pressure then the rate of travel through the apparatus will of course be dependent upon the inlet pressure.
  • Figure 2 illustrates an embodiment of the invention wherein the configuration of the masses is particularly useful in the grinding of coal or other like coarse materials which are relatively easy to feed initially.
  • the masses in the stages may be arranged with appropriate combination of groove size, pitch and number of starts to the helix to achieve the desired grinding in each stage.
  • the first or upper stage comprises three masses each having an outer surface comprising a helical groove.
  • the groove is a single start helix and is relatively wide with relatively large pitch.
  • lumps of coal having a mean diameter as large as 1 to 2" might result in an output from this stage of lumps having a mean diameter of approximately 1/8".
  • the masses also have an outer surface comprising a helical groove.
  • the helix which again has a single start would comprise a finer groove, narrower, measured parallel to the axis of the mass (approximately 1/2 the groove width of the first stage).
  • the pitch of the helix is less (approximately 1/2 that of the first stage).
  • This stage would reduce the 1/8" diameter material to a relatively fine powder.
  • the third stage also comprises three masses. These masses have a helical extending groove on the surface of each of the masses.
  • a multiple start helix preferably three start, is suggested with a pitch approximately 3/4 of that in the first stage.
  • a more fine groove size (approximately 1/4) - is used for the helix. This stage would then be expected to give a very fine product.
  • FIG 8. A further embodiment is illustrated in Figure 8. This embodiment is essentially similar to that shown in Figure 2 except that the device has been designed for handling materials which are generally more difficult to feed initially.
  • Each of the three stages comprises three masses and all of the masses have helical extending grooves. With product which is initially difficult to feed it is suggested that the device should be designed such that the masses in the initial stages have increased transport capabilities over the masses of the subsequent stages.
  • the masses of the first stages comprise a triple start helical extending groove of relatively large pitch.
  • the masses of the second stage comprise a double start helical groove of relatively less pitch than that in the first stage.
  • the masses of the third stage comprise a single start helical groove having the smallest pitch, perhaps as small as 1/3 of the pitch in the first stage.
  • the question of residence time becomes all important.
  • the residence time may be controlled in each stage by means of the configuration of the helix used in the stage.
  • the net flow through the device must however, be constant as each stage feeds serially to the next stage.
  • the mill can be run full of slurry. Good grinding will result even though the mill is full.
  • the mill can be run in what is referred to as a low hold-u p condition.
  • centrifugal force keeps the slurry distributed about the outside of the central chamber of the housing and good grinding is achieved with relatively low power use. As long as the slurry remains essentially on the outside of the chamber then there is no power loss due to stirring of the slurry in the internal or central portions. This also gives an essentially plug flow with more uniform size reduction along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus.
  • Annular gap 34 illustrated in Figure 1 between the central support plate and the surface of the housing 12 will affect the rate of flow. If relatively large diameter rotating masses are used, then the flexible axles will be located radially inwardly toward the central shaft 20. This will allow for a relatively large annular gap. In certain instances it may be desirable to provide additional room for flow of material between stages. This may be accomplished by ensuring that the support plates occupy no more area than is necessary. One means to achieve this would be to provide each of the plates with a star-shaped configuration rather than a disc configuration. With this type of configuration each of the support plates would be comprised of a star-shaped plate having the appropriate number of arms as are required to support the appropriate number of rotating masses.
  • the rotating masses of adjacent stages should be off-set as explained above.
  • three masses are used in each stage and the masses are off-set with respect to adjacent stages by approximately 60°.
  • the housing 12 comprises an annular ring 90 projecting inwardly into the chamber adjacent one of the central supporting plates.
  • the ring will act as a partial dam and slow down the passage of the material through the apparatus.
  • a relatively large opening may be required at either the top or the bottom or both.
  • the housing may be entirely open at the bottom and it would be considered desirable to drive the central shaft from a motor located above the apparatus.
  • the bottom may be closed with a suitably small outlet provided and a relatively large inlet.
  • the central shaft 20 may be driven from a single motor located toward the bottom end of the shaft.
  • a single motor source may be used and the number of seals required may be minimized as compared with using a plurality of single stage devices.
  • Use of one single large motor necessitating only one set of controls should result in lower capital cost as opposed to three independent stages.
  • each of the stages has comprised three masses. However, in varying instances and depending upon the product to be processed in the device it may be that a varying number of masses may be used in each stage.
  • the number of masses per stage may be varied either up or down from the embodiment specifically illustrated herein. It should also be realized that the number of stages used may also be increased.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
EP80304215A 1979-11-26 1980-11-25 Etagenzerkleinerungsvorrichtung Expired EP0029734B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA340643 1979-11-26
CA000340643A CA1134336A (en) 1979-11-26 1979-11-26 Multiple stage comminution device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0029734A1 true EP0029734A1 (de) 1981-06-03
EP0029734B1 EP0029734B1 (de) 1984-11-07

Family

ID=4115694

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80304215A Expired EP0029734B1 (de) 1979-11-26 1980-11-25 Etagenzerkleinerungsvorrichtung

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0029734B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS56100648A (de)
AU (1) AU541172B2 (de)
BR (1) BR8007650A (de)
CA (1) CA1134336A (de)
DE (1) DE3069607D1 (de)
FI (1) FI65388C (de)
MX (1) MX153007A (de)
ZA (1) ZA807288B (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008135599A2 (de) * 2007-05-07 2008-11-13 Iourii Gribov Vorrichtung zum mahlen und zerkleinern von mahlgut mit einem mahlkörper und beweglichen mahlelementen sowie verfahren zum mahlen und zerkleinern
GB2451299A (en) * 2007-10-05 2009-01-28 Internat Innovative Technologi Multi-sectional roller mill
GB2460505A (en) * 2007-10-05 2009-12-09 Internat Innovative Technologies Multi-sectional roller mill
CN102327798A (zh) * 2011-09-29 2012-01-25 武汉宇格电力设备有限公司 一种多层行星辊磨机

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE77732C (de) * 1894-05-18 C. WEGENER, Berlin W., Mohrenstr. 9 Etagenmühle mit Luftsichtung
GB311329A (en) * 1928-05-09 1930-08-05 Joseph Emile Gernelle Danloy Improvements in or relating to grinding and sub-dividing apparatus
GB1324158A (en) * 1971-12-15 1973-07-18 Carle & Montanari Spa Mill for treating sticky or dry products
US3764079A (en) * 1971-07-10 1973-10-09 C Consoli Roller or ball mill for the refining of cocoa and chocolate and the grinding of paints, enamels and the like
GB1522813A (en) * 1975-09-18 1978-08-31 Gen Communication Inc Material processing apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE77732C (de) * 1894-05-18 C. WEGENER, Berlin W., Mohrenstr. 9 Etagenmühle mit Luftsichtung
GB311329A (en) * 1928-05-09 1930-08-05 Joseph Emile Gernelle Danloy Improvements in or relating to grinding and sub-dividing apparatus
US3764079A (en) * 1971-07-10 1973-10-09 C Consoli Roller or ball mill for the refining of cocoa and chocolate and the grinding of paints, enamels and the like
GB1324158A (en) * 1971-12-15 1973-07-18 Carle & Montanari Spa Mill for treating sticky or dry products
GB1522813A (en) * 1975-09-18 1978-08-31 Gen Communication Inc Material processing apparatus

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008135599A2 (de) * 2007-05-07 2008-11-13 Iourii Gribov Vorrichtung zum mahlen und zerkleinern von mahlgut mit einem mahlkörper und beweglichen mahlelementen sowie verfahren zum mahlen und zerkleinern
WO2008135599A3 (de) * 2007-05-07 2009-05-07 Iourii Gribov Vorrichtung zum mahlen und zerkleinern von mahlgut mit einem mahlkörper und beweglichen mahlelementen sowie verfahren zum mahlen und zerkleinern
GB2451299A (en) * 2007-10-05 2009-01-28 Internat Innovative Technologi Multi-sectional roller mill
GB2451299B (en) * 2007-10-05 2009-07-22 Internat Innovative Technologi Multi-sectional roller mill
GB2460505A (en) * 2007-10-05 2009-12-09 Internat Innovative Technologies Multi-sectional roller mill
GB2460505B (en) * 2007-10-05 2011-06-01 Internat Innovative Technologies Ltd Multi-sectional roller mill
US8360351B2 (en) 2007-10-05 2013-01-29 Graham Dixon Multi-sectional roller mill
CN102327798A (zh) * 2011-09-29 2012-01-25 武汉宇格电力设备有限公司 一种多层行星辊磨机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6460180A (en) 1981-06-04
FI65388B (fi) 1984-01-31
ZA807288B (en) 1981-11-25
MX153007A (es) 1986-07-17
FI65388C (fi) 1984-05-10
BR8007650A (pt) 1981-06-09
FI803463L (fi) 1981-05-27
JPS56100648A (en) 1981-08-12
CA1134336A (en) 1982-10-26
JPS647827B2 (de) 1989-02-10
AU541172B2 (en) 1984-12-20
EP0029734B1 (de) 1984-11-07
DE3069607D1 (en) 1984-12-13

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