EP0028389B1 - Disjoncteur de protection à basse tension - Google Patents

Disjoncteur de protection à basse tension Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0028389B1
EP0028389B1 EP80106618A EP80106618A EP0028389B1 EP 0028389 B1 EP0028389 B1 EP 0028389B1 EP 80106618 A EP80106618 A EP 80106618A EP 80106618 A EP80106618 A EP 80106618A EP 0028389 B1 EP0028389 B1 EP 0028389B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
movable contact
component
circuit breaker
fixed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80106618A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0028389A1 (fr
Inventor
Lutz Dr. Niemeyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany
Original Assignee
BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany filed Critical BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany
Priority to AT80106618T priority Critical patent/ATE5448T1/de
Publication of EP0028389A1 publication Critical patent/EP0028389A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0028389B1 publication Critical patent/EP0028389B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/122—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release actuated by blowing of a fuse
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/14—Electrothermal mechanisms
    • H01H71/145—Electrothermal mechanisms using shape memory materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a low-voltage circuit breaker with a contact point for each pole consisting of a movable contact piece and a fixed contact piece, with an arc quenching chamber assigned to the contact point, to which contact point an overcurrent release acts in the event of an overload or short-circuit current by means of a switching mechanism, the fixed Contact piece is applied to a guide rail designed simultaneously as an arc guide rail and a clamp connection.
  • Such a circuit breaker is such. B. from DE-A-2 337 058 known.
  • Such circuit breakers are normally designed for specific forward currents or have a specific switching capacity.
  • the switch can be destroyed.
  • contact welds can occur, so that a safe disconnection of the circuit in the event of destruction is no longer guaranteed.
  • a fuse is provided as a predetermined melting point, which can be formed by a wire with a notch.
  • the object of the invention is to further improve the circuit breaker of the type mentioned at the outset.
  • this object is achieved in that the contact point is assigned a component consisting of a shape memory alloy, which deforms when and after its transition temperature is exceeded, thus irreversibly spreading the contact pieces.
  • the invention is to provide additional means in addition to the already existing overcurrent releases, which ensure a safe disconnection even in the event of damage or destruction of the release and also of the switch lock. This separation is said to be irreversible; this is achieved through a one-way shape memory alloy.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention can be such that the component is designed in the form of a strip and is attached to the movable contact piece in such a way that its free end lies against a stop fixed to the housing when and after its transition temperature is exceeded and the contact point opens irreversibly by rotating the movable contact piece .
  • the contact point is spread open by turning the movable contact lever, which carries the movable contact piece, in the direction of opening.
  • the component made of the shape memory alloy is attached to the arc guide rail and carries the fixed contact piece in the area of its attachment point.
  • a further embodiment of the invention can be such that the shape memory alloy component is part of the power supply to the fixed contact piece and carries the fixed contact piece, that it moves away from the movable contact piece when and after the transition temperature is exceeded and that it moves in the range of motion of the movable contact piece a stop is provided against which the movable contact piece bears, so that after further deformation of the component, the moving contact piece is prevented from migrating.
  • a shape memory alloy can be used, as is known for example from AT-B-276790, such an alloy being designed as a titanium-nickel alloy and a special martensitic transition at a selected temperature within a desired temperature range has, whereby a so-called mechanical memory or acoustic damping or energy conversion and the like can be achieved.
  • Further memory alloys have become known, for example, from “Journal of applied physics", Volume 39, Number 5, 1968, pages 2195 to 2200.
  • the reference numeral 10 denotes a circuit breaker in base construction, which is approximately T-shaped, wherein in the circuit breaker a switching mechanism 12, a magnetic release 14, a thermal release 16, a contact lever rotatably mounted on an axis 18 20 with a movable contact piece 22 and a fixed contact piece 24 are provided.
  • the fixed contact piece 24 is arranged on an arc guide rail 26, which, viewed downstream, delimits an arc-quenching plate packet 28 with individual arc-quenching plates on the bottom side of the circuit breaker 10.
  • the arc guide rail 26 is connected on the current input side to a connecting terminal 30;
  • a further connection terminal 32 is provided on the current output side, which is connected to the thermal release 16, so that in the switched-on state a current flows from the connection terminal 30 via the contact lever 20, the magnetic release 14 and the thermal release 16 to the other connection terminal 32.
  • the contact lever 20 with the movable contact piece 22 at its end is rotatably supported on its axis 18.
  • a stranded wire not designated by reference numbers, adjoins the contact lever.
  • the movable contact piece is formed by an offset or bend, and it cooperates with the fixed contact piece 24, which is attached to the arc guide rail 26.
  • a strip 42 made of a shape memory material is fastened, which is designed such that it bends in the event of heating in such a way that the movable contact lever 20 is rotated into the position shown in broken lines.
  • the free end of the strip 42 bears against a stop 44 and thereby irreversibly opens the contact point 22/24 by spreading.
  • FIG. 3 shows an arc guide rail 50, which is connected via a strand 52 to an angularly bent component 54 made of shape memory material.
  • the fixed contact piece 24, which again cooperates with the movable contact piece 22, is fastened to the leg 58, to which the strand 52 is connected.
  • the other leg of component 54 is connected to a connecting lug 56 for the connecting terminal.
  • the angular arrangement of the component 54, together with the connecting lug 56 and the guide plate or the arc guide rail 50 forms the same line path as the arc guide rail 26 towards the terminal.
  • the leg 58 spreads into the broken line 58a, as a result of which the contact point 22/24 opens.
  • a further rotation of the movable contact lever 20 is prevented by a stop 60 which corresponds to the stop 44.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of the invention in an embodiment similar to that of FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the arc guide rail 26 which has an offset 62 in the area of the fixed contact piece 24 towards the outside, ie towards the clamp.
  • a strip 63 made of a shape memory material is attached to the bent portion 62 and from it in the direction of the axis 18 of the movable contact lever 20, which practically extends in the extension of the arc guide rail and has a molding 64 serving as a stop at its free end.
  • the strip made of the shape memory alloy bends into the dashed position and in this way spreads the movable contact lever away from the fixed contact piece 24.
  • the molding 64 is of course made of an insulating material.

Landscapes

  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Commutateur de protection de ligne à basse tension mono ou multipolaire comportant un emplacement de contact (22, 24) pour chaque pôle constitué par une pièce de contact mobile (22) et une pièce de contact fixe (24), avec une chambre d'extinction d'arc lumineux associée à l'emplacement de contact (22, 24), un déclencheur de surintensité agissant sur l'emplacement de contact (22, 24) au moyen d'un mécanisme de commutation (12) dans le cas d'un courant de surcharge ou de court-circuit et la pièce de contact fixe (24) étant appliquée alors sur un rail conducteur conformé simultanément comme un rail conducteur d'arc lumineux (26, 50) et une liaison de serrage, caractérisé en ce que l'emplacement de contact (22, 24) est associé à un composant (42, 58a, 63, 64) constitué par un alliage à mémoire de forme qui se déforme lorsque la température de transformation est atteinte et dépassée et ainsi écarte de façon irréversible les pièces de contact.
2. Commutateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le composant (42) est conformé comme une bande et est appliqué de telle manière sur la pièce de contact mobile (22) qu'il s'applique sur une butée (44) solidaire du boîtier avec son extrémité libre lorsque la température de transformation est atteinte et dépassée et ouvre de façon irréversible l'emplacement de contact par rotation de la pièce de contact mobile (22).
3. Commutateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le composant (63, 64) en alliage à mémoire de forme est fixé sur le rail conducteur d'arc lumineux (26) et écarte la pièce de contact mobile (22) de la pièce de contact fixe (24) avec son extrémité libre lorsque la température de transformation est dépassée.
4. Commutateur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le composant (63, 64) en alliage à mémoire de forme est fixé sur le rail conducteur d'arc lumineux (26) et porte la pièce de contact fixe (24) au voisinage de son emplacement de fixation.
5. Commutateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le composant (58a) en alliage à mémoire de forme fait partie de la conduction de courant vers la pièce de contact fixe (24) et porte la pièce de contact fixe (24), en ce qu'il s'éloigne de la pièce de contact mobile (22) lorsque la température de transformation est atteinte et dépassée, et en ce que, dans la zone de mouvement de la pièce de contact mobile (22), on prévoit une butée (60) contre laquelle s'applique la pièce de contact mobile (22) de telle manière qu'on empêche que la pièce de contact mobile (22) ne s'écarte ultérieurement lors d'une autre déformation du composant (58a).
EP80106618A 1979-11-05 1980-10-29 Disjoncteur de protection à basse tension Expired EP0028389B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80106618T ATE5448T1 (de) 1979-11-05 1980-10-29 Niederspannungs-leitungsschutzschalter.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2944579A DE2944579C2 (de) 1979-11-05 1979-11-05 Niederspannungs-Leitungsschutzschalter
DE2944579 1979-11-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0028389A1 EP0028389A1 (fr) 1981-05-13
EP0028389B1 true EP0028389B1 (fr) 1983-11-23

Family

ID=6085156

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80106618A Expired EP0028389B1 (fr) 1979-11-05 1980-10-29 Disjoncteur de protection à basse tension

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0028389B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5673831A (fr)
AT (1) ATE5448T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE2944579C2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19727152A1 (de) * 1997-06-26 1999-01-07 Abb Patent Gmbh Fehlerstromschutzschalter

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4400677A (en) * 1981-12-09 1983-08-23 Texas Instruments Incorporated Fail safe circuit breaker
GB2209200A (en) * 1987-08-28 1989-05-04 Thorn Emi Flow Measurement Ltd Thermal cut-off valve
DE19508498C2 (de) * 1995-03-09 1997-07-10 Siemens Ag Einrichtung zur Fernauslösung
DE19743037A1 (de) * 1997-09-30 1999-04-01 Siemens Ag Schutzschalter
CN104701106B (zh) * 2015-03-13 2017-02-01 山东大学 一种线路断路器用智能元件及其制备方法
CN104701107B (zh) * 2015-03-17 2016-08-24 山东大学 一种线路火灾断路器

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2138438C3 (de) * 1971-07-31 1975-09-04 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Magnetische Auslösespule für Leitungsschutzschalter mit U-förmigem Eisenrückschluß
US3796980A (en) * 1972-07-31 1974-03-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Disposable circuit breaker
DE2701884A1 (de) * 1976-01-19 1977-07-21 Delta Materials Research Ltd Stromueberlastungsschutz
DE2923562A1 (de) * 1979-06-11 1980-12-18 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Leitungsschutzschalter

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19727152A1 (de) * 1997-06-26 1999-01-07 Abb Patent Gmbh Fehlerstromschutzschalter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE5448T1 (de) 1983-12-15
JPS5673831A (en) 1981-06-18
DE2944579C2 (de) 1986-02-20
DE2944579A1 (de) 1981-05-07
EP0028389A1 (fr) 1981-05-13

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