EP0026896A1 - Method of washing, rinsing and subsequent extraction of water from linen, and water extraction device - Google Patents

Method of washing, rinsing and subsequent extraction of water from linen, and water extraction device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0026896A1
EP0026896A1 EP80105879A EP80105879A EP0026896A1 EP 0026896 A1 EP0026896 A1 EP 0026896A1 EP 80105879 A EP80105879 A EP 80105879A EP 80105879 A EP80105879 A EP 80105879A EP 0026896 A1 EP0026896 A1 EP 0026896A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam
water
laundry
pressure
fresh water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP80105879A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0026896B1 (en
Inventor
Rudolf Küttelwesch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mewa Zentralverwaltung Te Wiesbaden Bondsrep GmbH
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Mewa Mechanische Weberei Altstadt GmbH
Mechanische Weberei GmbH
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Application filed by Mewa Mechanische Weberei Altstadt GmbH, Mechanische Weberei GmbH filed Critical Mewa Mechanische Weberei Altstadt GmbH
Priority to AT80105879T priority Critical patent/ATE3216T1/en
Publication of EP0026896A1 publication Critical patent/EP0026896A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0026896B1 publication Critical patent/EP0026896B1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F95/00—Laundry systems or arrangements of apparatus or machines; Mobile laundries 
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F51/00—Apparatus for expelling or draining water from the linen, not provided for in the preceding groups

Definitions

  • the invention initially relates to a method of the type explained in the preamble of claim 1. It relates in particular to the commercial laundry sector.
  • washing takes place in a substantially continuous pass through so-called countercurrent washing machines, to which the fresh water is fed at the machine end for washing the laundry.
  • the fresh water then flows from there with increasing contamination loading through the main washing and pre-washing zones.
  • the fresh water is heated in particular in the main washing zones by direct steam injection, for which the pressure of the saturated steam usually used in laundries is reduced from approx. 10-13 bar to approx Avoid entering the standing water baths.
  • the presence and work in the actual washing process with steam under pressure as a heating agent is an important prerequisite for the invention.
  • the rinsed laundry is usually dewatered by friction rollers, presses or centrifuges, the working speed of which is limited and which require additional energy to drive them.
  • the working speed of which is limited and which require additional energy to drive them.
  • the residual moisture rises abruptly when the cycle time falls below 2 minutes.
  • the energy used to drive such membrane presses is very high.
  • the investment costs for the provision of the drive current are correspondingly high.
  • the invention has for its object to develop the method of the type mentioned so that investment and energy expenditure for laundry drainage can be reduced.
  • the solution to the problem is laid down in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • a part of the steam required in a known manner for heating the fresh water is thus previously used in the dewatering unit for pressing out the water from the laundry.
  • the steam is simply passed through the laundry itself, which, due to the natural pressure difference between the loading side of the laundry and the outflow side of the rinse water, requires no additional devices.
  • the one for draining due to its own pressure through the laundry Pressed-through steam ultimately condenses in a water reservoir downstream of the dewatering unit, through which all the fresh water required for washing flows and into which the rinsed water pressed out of the laundry is also introduced.
  • the wash water is heated to about 30-35 0 C.
  • the characterizing part of claim 2 essentially assumes that saturated steam with an initial steam pressure of approx. 10-13 bar is available in commercial laundries, which is used for heating heating registers in dryers or ironing surfaces in mangles and pressing devices.
  • the characterizing part of claim 3 takes into account that laundry is heavier or easier to drain depending on its nature. For dewatering cotton laundry e.g. an optimal steam pressure of 5 bar and for the dewatering of mixed fabrics of 2 bar. Mixed fabrics are easier to drain because of their polyester content.
  • the other features of the invention relate to the structural design of the drainage device.
  • the dewatering device essentially consists of a pressure vessel 1, the bottom 2 of which is provided with passage openings 3 forming a sieve.
  • the fresh water supply tank 4 which is under atmospheric pressure, into which water and steam passing through the through openings 3 are introduced and where this steam condenses at a temperature of approximately 15 ° C. due to the fresh water present.
  • the pressure vessel 1 can be closed with a removable pressure cap 5.
  • the pressure cap 5 provided on its side facing the pressure vessel 1 with a sieve-shaped wall 30 for steam passage contains a connection 6 for the introduction of the dewatering steam.
  • a plurality of pressure tappets 7 extend through the base 2 of the pressure vessel 1.
  • the pressure tappets 7 are driven from the bottom of the pressure vessel 1 in the direction of its fill opening 8.
  • the drive is carried out by pneumatic or hydraulic drive cylinders 9, which are arranged opposite one another on the outside of the pressure vessel 1 and act on a traverse 10 running below the pressure vessel parallel to the bottom thereof, to which the pressure rams 7 are rigidly attached with their lower ends.
  • saturated steam is available at a pressure of approx. 10-13 bar.
  • This steam is fed in the usual way - predominantly after reducing the pressure to about 3-5 bar - via lines 12, 13 for water heating of the washing machine and dishwasher 14.
  • the washing machine and dishwasher is supplied with fresh water from the fresh water supply tank 4 via the fresh water line 15.
  • the high-pressure saturated steam from the steam line 11 is fed through the steam dryer 16 to a pressure-reducing device designated overall by 17.
  • the steam is alternatively reduced to a pressure of approximately 2 bar via line line 18 or to a pressure of approximately 5 bar via line line 19 while simultaneously overheating.
  • the outlet of the pressure reducing device 17 is connected by a flexible hose 20 to the connection 6 of the pressure cap 5.
  • the high-pressure saturated steam is fed from line 11 via line line 18 or via line line 19 and through wall 30 of pressure cap 5 to the dewatering device.
  • the steam supply through the hose 20 is then released.
  • the steam flows through the laundry loaded with the rinse water, which covers the entire bottom 2 of the pressure vessel 1 in a uniform layer thickness.
  • the steam then passes through the passage opening 3 of the base 2 of the pressure vessel 1 and condenses within the fresh water supply tank 4, which is arranged below the pressure vessel 1.
  • the rinse water is essentially pressed out of the laundry and is also pressed into the fresh water supply tank 4, which is supplied with fresh water of about 15 ° C. inlet temperature through line 26.
  • the pressure cap 5 is raised again.
  • the pressure vessel 1 is around the axis 27 in its dashed tilt position pivots.
  • the drive cylinders 9 are actuated so that the pressure tappets 7 connected to them eject the laundry still adhering to the pressure vessel 1 from the filling opening 8 of the pressure vessel 1 onto the conveyor belt 28, on which the dewatered laundry in the direction of arrow 29 of the next processing station, for example a loosening device , is fed.
  • the steam still in the laundry is re-evaporated with the effect of further drying, so that with a residual moisture of approx. 35% an optimal deficiency or press moisture is achieved without further energy supply.
  • the pressure vessel has a diameter of 100 or 120 cm at a height of 60 cm, which corresponds to a capacity of 470 or 680 liters.
  • the total cycle time of the dewatering including the pure machine time takes approx. 90 seconds, the actual dewatering process i.e. the steam can act on the laundry for a maximum of 45 seconds.
  • the steam pressure can be adjusted between 1 and 6 bar depending on the desired residual moisture of the laundry.
  • the steam throughput during the actual dewatering process is 0.5 kg steam / kg laundry.
  • the initial temperature of the fresh water supplied through line 26 is approximately 15 ° C.
  • the inventive method heats up to about 30-35 ° C.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Accessory Of Washing/Drying Machine, Commercial Washing/Drying Machine, Other Washing/Drying Machine (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)
  • Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)
  • Slot Machines And Peripheral Devices (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

In a laundering process which includes providing steam at high pressure, directly blowing the steam into fresh water in order to heat the water, and washing and rinsing laundry using the heated fresh water, the step of directly blowing is carried out by delivering at least part of the steam into the fresh water by directing that steam through the laundry which has been rinsed while subjecting the steam to a pressure reduction in a manner to cause the steam to extract rinse water from the laundry which has been rinsed, and conducting the steam and the extracted rinse water into the fresh water in order to heat the fresh water with accompanying condensation of the steam. Apparatus for extracting rinse water in the manner described above from laundry in a laundry plant in which laundry is washed and rinsed with water which has been heated by blowing steam into the water, the apparatus including: a pressure vessel having an open top and a bottom wall provided with perforations for the passage of water; a container for holding water which will subsequently be used for washing and rinsing laundry outside of the vessel and arranged to receive water passing via the perforations in the vessel bottom wall; a removable cover for closing the top of the vessel in a sealed manner; and conduits connected for introducing steam into the vessel to enable the steam to pass through the bottom wall perforations and into the water holding container.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft zunächst ein Verfahren der im Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 erläuterten Art. Es bezieht sich insbesondere auf den gewerblichen Wäschereisektor.The invention initially relates to a method of the type explained in the preamble of claim 1. It relates in particular to the commercial laundry sector.

In gewerblichen Wäschereien erfolgt das Waschen in einem im wesentlichen kontinuierlichen Durchlauf durch sogenannte Gegenstromwaschmaschinen, denen das Frischwasser am Maschinenende zum Spülen der Wäsche zugeführt wird. Das Frischwasser fließt dann von dort mit steigender Schmutzbefrachtung durch die Hauptwasch-und Vorwaschzonen. Die Aufheizung des Frischwassers insbesondere in den Hauptwaschzonen erfolgt durch Direkteinblasung von Dampf, wozu der Druck des in Wäschereien üblicherweise verwendeten Sattdampfes von ca. 10-13 bar auf ca. 3-5 bar reduziert wird, um unnötige Lärmentwicklung wegen sonst zu hoher Dampfgeschwindigkeit beim Eintreten in die stehenden Wasserbäder zu vermeiden. Das Vorhandensein und Arbeiten beim eigentlichen Waschprozeß mit unter Überdruck stehendem Dampf als Aufheizmittel ist jedenfalls eine bedeutsame Erfindungsvoraussetzung.In commercial laundries, washing takes place in a substantially continuous pass through so-called countercurrent washing machines, to which the fresh water is fed at the machine end for washing the laundry. The fresh water then flows from there with increasing contamination loading through the main washing and pre-washing zones. The fresh water is heated in particular in the main washing zones by direct steam injection, for which the pressure of the saturated steam usually used in laundries is reduced from approx. 10-13 bar to approx Avoid entering the standing water baths. The presence and work in the actual washing process with steam under pressure as a heating agent is an important prerequisite for the invention.

Das Entwässern der gespülten Wäsche erfolgt in der Regel durch Friktionswalzen, Pressen oder Zentrifugen, deren Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit begrenzt ist und die zu ihrem Antrieb zusätzliche Energie benötigen. Bei den zur. Zeit zum Entwässern hauptsächlich eingesetzten Membranpressen steigt die Restfeuchte bei Unterschreitung einer Taktzeit von 2 Minuten sprunghaft an. Der Energieeinsatz für den Antrieb solcher Membranpressen ist sehr hoch. Dementsprechend hoch sind auch die Investitionskosten für die Bereitstellung des Antriebsstroms.The rinsed laundry is usually dewatered by friction rollers, presses or centrifuges, the working speed of which is limited and which require additional energy to drive them. At the for. Time for dewatering mainly used membrane presses, the residual moisture rises abruptly when the cycle time falls below 2 minutes. The energy used to drive such membrane presses is very high. The investment costs for the provision of the drive current are correspondingly high.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art so weiterzuentwickeln, daß Investitions- und Energieaufwand für die Wäscheentwässerung reduziert werden. Die Lösung der Aufgabe ist im Kennzeichen des Anspruches 1 niedergelegt.The invention has for its object to develop the method of the type mentioned so that investment and energy expenditure for laundry drainage can be reduced. The solution to the problem is laid down in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Nach dem Vorschlag gemäß der Erfindung wird also in der Entwässerungseinheit ein Teil des in bekannter Weise zum Aufheizen des Frischwassers benötigten Dampfes vorher noch zum Auspressen des Wassers aus der Wäsche eingesetzt. Dabei wird der Dampf einfach durch die Wäsche selbst hindurchgeleitet, was aufgrund des natürlichen Druckgefälles zwischen der Beaufschlagungsseite der Wäsche und der Abflußseite des Spülwassers keine zusätzlichen Einrichtungen erfordert. Der zum Entwässern aufgrund seines Eigendruckes durch die Wäsche hindurchgepreßte Dampf kondensiert letztlich in einer der Entwässerungseinheit nachgeschalteten Wasservorlage, durch die das gesamte für das Waschen erforderliche Frischwasser hindurchfließt und in die auch das aus der Wäsche herausgepreßte Spülwasser eingeführt wird. Dadurch wird das Waschwasser auf ca. 30-350C aufgeheizt. Es braucht also das Waschwasser in der eigentlichen Waschmaschine nicht mehr - wie bisher - von ca. 15°C sondern nur noch von ca. 350C auf die erforderliche Waschtemperatur von z.B. 95°C aufgeheizt zu werden. Für die erfindungsgemäße Entwässerung wird also kein zusätzlicher Dampf benötigt, weil die ihm innewohnende Wärmeenergie praktisch in vollem Umfang nach den Entwässern für die Aufheizung des Frischwassers genutzt wird.According to the proposal according to the invention, a part of the steam required in a known manner for heating the fresh water is thus previously used in the dewatering unit for pressing out the water from the laundry. The steam is simply passed through the laundry itself, which, due to the natural pressure difference between the loading side of the laundry and the outflow side of the rinse water, requires no additional devices. The one for draining due to its own pressure through the laundry Pressed-through steam ultimately condenses in a water reservoir downstream of the dewatering unit, through which all the fresh water required for washing flows and into which the rinsed water pressed out of the laundry is also introduced. Thus, the wash water is heated to about 30-35 0 C. So it no longer needs the wash water in the actual washing machine - to be heated from about 15 ° C but only of about 35 0 C to the required washing temperature of eg 95 ° C - as in the past. No additional steam is therefore required for the drainage according to the invention, because the thermal energy inherent in it is practically used to the full extent after the drainage for heating the fresh water.

Das erfindungsgemäße Entwässerungsverfahren erfordert also keine komplizierten Maschinen und keine Bereitstellung von Stromanschlüssen für hohe momentane Stromentnahmen. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist jedoch die Energieersparnis, die anhand folgenden Beispieles noch erläutert werden soll:

  • Bei gewerblichen Wäschereien betrifft erfahrungsgemäß das gesamte Waschgut zu ca. 80% Mangel-Preßwäsche und nur zu ca 20% Trockenwäsche. Es ist bekannt, daß Mangel-Preßwäsche zur weiteren Bearbeitung eine Restfeuchte von ca. 35% behalten muß. Bekannte Entwässerungsverfahren erreichen jedoch nur eine Restfeuchte von ca. 45%, so daß zur Erreichung der optimalen Bügelfeuchte ein Trocknungsvorgang zwischengeschaltet werden muß. Durch das erfindungsgemäße Entwässerungsverfahren braucht bei Mangel-Preßwäsche anschließend an die Entwässerung vor dem Mangeln bzw. Pressen keine weiter Trocknung zwischengeschaltet werden. Durch die eintretende Nachverdampfung der aus der Entwässerungsvorrichtung entnommenen Wäsche reicht ein reines, z.B. im unbeheizten Trockner erfolgendes Aufschütteln, um die optimale Restfeuchte für die nachfolgenden Bearbeitungsstufen zu erreichen. Hierdurch werden allein ca. 50% der sonst für die gesamte Trocknung benötigten Heizenergie eingespart. Das erwähnte Nachverdampfen der aus der Entwässerungsvorrichtung entnommenen heißen Wäsche führt zusätzlich dazu, daß letztlich durch das erfindungsgemäße vorgeschlagene Entwässerungsverfahren die entwässerte Mangel-Preßwäsche eine gegenüber herkömmlichen Entwässerungsvorrichtungen geringere und damit für die nachträgliche Bearbeitung optimale Restfeuchte aufweist.
The dewatering method according to the invention therefore does not require any complicated machines and no provision of power connections for high current draws. Of particular importance, however, is the energy saving, which will be explained using the following example:
  • In commercial laundries, experience has shown that the entire laundry comprises about 80% press laundry and only about 20% dry laundry. It is known that shortage press laundry must retain a residual moisture of approx. 35% for further processing. Known dewatering methods, however, only reach a residual moisture of approx. 45%, so that a drying process must be interposed in order to achieve the optimum ironing moisture. Due to the dewatering process according to the invention, in the case of deficient press wash subsequently no further drying can be interposed to the drainage before ironing or pressing. As a result of the re-evaporation of the laundry removed from the dewatering device, a simple shaking, for example in an unheated dryer, is sufficient to achieve the optimum residual moisture for the subsequent processing steps. This alone saves approx. 50% of the heating energy otherwise required for the entire drying process. The aforementioned re-evaporation of the hot laundry removed from the dewatering device additionally leads to the fact that, through the proposed dewatering process according to the invention, the dewatered lack of press laundry has a lower residual moisture than conventional dewatering devices and is therefore optimal for subsequent processing.

Das Kennzeichen des Anspruches 2 geht im wesentlichen davon aus, daß in gewerblichen Wäschereien Sattdampf mit einem Ausgangsdampfdruck von ca. 10-13 bar zur Verfügung steht, der zur Beheizung von Heizregistern in Trocknern bzw. von Bügelflächen in Mangeln und Preßeinrichtungen herangezogen wird.The characterizing part of claim 2 essentially assumes that saturated steam with an initial steam pressure of approx. 10-13 bar is available in commercial laundries, which is used for heating heating registers in dryers or ironing surfaces in mangles and pressing devices.

Das Kennzeichen des Anspruches 3 berücksichtigt, daß Wäsche je nach ihrer Beschaffenheit schwerer oder leichter zu entwässern ist. Für das Entwässern von Baumwollwäsche wurde z.B. ein optimaler Dampfdruck von 5 bar und für das Entwässern von Mischgewebe von 2 bar ermittelt. Mischgewebe ist nämlich wegen seines Polyesteranteils leichter zu entwässern.The characterizing part of claim 3 takes into account that laundry is heavier or easier to drain depending on its nature. For dewatering cotton laundry e.g. an optimal steam pressure of 5 bar and for the dewatering of mixed fabrics of 2 bar. Mixed fabrics are easier to drain because of their polyester content.

Die weiteren Erfindungsmerkmale betreffen die bauliche Ausbildung der Entwässerungseinrichtung.The other features of the invention relate to the structural design of the drainage device.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und die Entwässerungseinrichtung werden anhand der Zeichnung beispielsweise erläutert, die im wesentlichen einen Querschnitt durch die Entwässerungseinrichtung zeigt.The method according to the invention and the dewatering device are explained for example with reference to the drawing, which essentially shows a cross section through the dewatering device.

Die Entwässerungseinrichtung besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Druckgefäß 1, dessen Boden 2 mit ein Sieb bildenden Durchtrittsöffnungen 3 versehen ist. Unterhalb des Druckgefäßes 1 befindet sich der unter atmosphärischem Druck stehende Frischwasser-Vorlaufbehälter 4, in den durch die Durchtrittsöffnungen 3 hindurchtretendes Wasser und hindurchtretender Dampf eingeführt werden und wo dieser Dampf aufgrund des vorhandenen Frischwassers mit ca. 15°C Temperatur kondensiert.The dewatering device essentially consists of a pressure vessel 1, the bottom 2 of which is provided with passage openings 3 forming a sieve. Below the pressure vessel 1 is the fresh water supply tank 4, which is under atmospheric pressure, into which water and steam passing through the through openings 3 are introduced and where this steam condenses at a temperature of approximately 15 ° C. due to the fresh water present.

Das Druckgefäß 1 ist mit einem abnehmbaren Druckverschlußdeckel 5 verschließbar. Der auf seiner dem Druckgefäß 1 zugewandten Seite mit einer siebartig ausgebildeten Wand 30 zum Dampfdurchtritt versehene Druckverschlußdeckel 5 enthält einen Anschluß 6 für die Einführung des Entwässerungsdampfes.The pressure vessel 1 can be closed with a removable pressure cap 5. The pressure cap 5 provided on its side facing the pressure vessel 1 with a sieve-shaped wall 30 for steam passage contains a connection 6 for the introduction of the dewatering steam.

Durch den Boden 2 des Druckgefäßes 1 reichen mehrere Druckstößel 7 hindurch. Die Druckstößel 7 sind von der Unterseite des Druckgefäßes 1 her in Richtung auf dessen Einfüllöffnung 8 verschiebbar angetrieben. Der Antrieb erfolgt durch pneumatische oder hydraulische Antriebszylinder 9, die einander gegenüberliegend an der Außenseite des Druckgefäßes 1 angeordnet sind und auf eine unterhalb des Druckgefäßes parallel zu dessen Boden verlaufende Traverse 10 antriebsmäßig einwirken, an der die Druckstößel 7 mit ihren unteren Enden starr befestigt sind.A plurality of pressure tappets 7 extend through the base 2 of the pressure vessel 1. The pressure tappets 7 are driven from the bottom of the pressure vessel 1 in the direction of its fill opening 8. The drive is carried out by pneumatic or hydraulic drive cylinders 9, which are arranged opposite one another on the outside of the pressure vessel 1 and act on a traverse 10 running below the pressure vessel parallel to the bottom thereof, to which the pressure rams 7 are rigidly attached with their lower ends.

In der Dampfleitung 11 steht Sattdampf unter einem Druck von ca. 10-13 bar zur Verfügung. Dieser Dampf wird in der üblichen Weise - vorwiegend nach Druckminderung auf ca. 3-5 bar - über die Leitungen 12,13 zur Wasseraufheizung der Wasch- und Spülmaschine 14 zugeführt. Die Wasch- und Spülmaschine wird über die Frischwasserleitung 15 aus dem Frischerwasser-Vorlaufbehälter 4 mit Frischwasser versorgt.In the steam line 11, saturated steam is available at a pressure of approx. 10-13 bar. This steam is fed in the usual way - predominantly after reducing the pressure to about 3-5 bar - via lines 12, 13 for water heating of the washing machine and dishwasher 14. The washing machine and dishwasher is supplied with fresh water from the fresh water supply tank 4 via the fresh water line 15.

Der Hochdruck-Sattdampf aus der Dampfleitung 11 wird durch den Dampftrockner 16 hindurch einer insgesamt mit 17 bezeichneten Druckminderungseinrichtung zugeführt. Hierin wird der Dampf unter gleichzeitiger Überhitzung alternativ über den Leitungsstrang 18 auf einen Druck von ca. 2 bar oder über den Leitungsstrang 19 auf einen Druck von ca. 5 bar reduziert. Der Ausgang der Druckminderereinrichtung 17 ist durch einen flexiblen Schlauch 20 mit dem Anschluß 6 des Druckverschlußdeckels 5 verbunden. Je nach der Art der zu entwässernden Wäsche wird der Hochdruck-Sattdampf aus der Leitung 11 über den Leitungsstrang 18 oder über den Leitungsstrang 19 und durch die Wand 30 des Druckverschlußdeckels 5 hindurch der Entwässerungseinrichtung zugeführt.The high-pressure saturated steam from the steam line 11 is fed through the steam dryer 16 to a pressure-reducing device designated overall by 17. In this, the steam is alternatively reduced to a pressure of approximately 2 bar via line line 18 or to a pressure of approximately 5 bar via line line 19 while simultaneously overheating. The outlet of the pressure reducing device 17 is connected by a flexible hose 20 to the connection 6 of the pressure cap 5. Depending on the type of laundry to be dewatered, the high-pressure saturated steam is fed from line 11 via line line 18 or via line line 19 and through wall 30 of pressure cap 5 to the dewatering device.

Die Gesamteinrichtung arbeitet wie folgt:

  • Die Wäsche wandert taktweise in Pfeilrichtung 21 durch die um die Achse 22 rotierende Trommel der Wasch- und Spülmaschine 14 dem Abgabeende 23 zu. Von dort wird jeweils eine Charge der gespülten Wäsche von ca. 35-50 kg über die nach unten geklappte, gestrichelt dargestellte Rutsche 24 in Pfeilrichtung 25 ausgeworfen, in das Druckgefäß 1 der Entwässerungseinrichtung eingefüllt und gleichmäßig über dessen Boden verteilt. Danach wird die Rutsche 24 in die ausgezogen dargestellte Stellung hochgeklappt und das Druckgefäß 1 durch Herunterfahren des Druckverschlußdeckels 5 druckdicht verschlossen.
The overall setup works as follows:
  • The laundry moves through in cycles in the direction of arrow 21 the drum of the washing machine 14 rotating about the axis 22 toward the discharge end 23. From there, a batch of the washed laundry of approximately 35-50 kg is ejected in the direction of arrow 25 via the downward-moving chute 24 shown in broken lines, filled into the pressure vessel 1 of the dewatering device and distributed evenly over its bottom. Thereafter, the slide 24 is folded up into the position shown in the extended position and the pressure vessel 1 is closed in a pressure-tight manner by lowering the pressure cap 5.

Danach wird die Dampfzufuhr durch den Schlauch 20 freigegeben. Der Dampf strömt durch die mit dem Spülwasser befrachtete Wäsche hindurch, die in gleichmäßiger Schichtdicke den gesamten Boden 2 des Druckgefäßes 1 bedeckt. Der Dampf tritt danach durch die Durchtrittsöffnung 3 des Bodens 2 des Druckgefäßes 1 hindurch und kondensiert innerhalb des Frischwasser-Vorlaufbehälters 4, der unterhalb des Druckgefäßes 1 angeordnet ist.The steam supply through the hose 20 is then released. The steam flows through the laundry loaded with the rinse water, which covers the entire bottom 2 of the pressure vessel 1 in a uniform layer thickness. The steam then passes through the passage opening 3 of the base 2 of the pressure vessel 1 and condenses within the fresh water supply tank 4, which is arranged below the pressure vessel 1.

Mit dem Hindurchströmen des Dampfes durch die Wäsche und die Durchtrittsöffnungen 3 wird das Spülwasser im wesentlichen aus der Wäsche herausgepreßt und ebenfalls in den Frischwasser-Vorlaufbehälter 4 gedrückt, der durch die Leitung 26 mit Frischwasser von etwa 150C Eingangstemperatur versorgt wird.As the steam flows through the laundry and the passage openings 3, the rinse water is essentially pressed out of the laundry and is also pressed into the fresh water supply tank 4, which is supplied with fresh water of about 15 ° C. inlet temperature through line 26.

Nach dem Entwässerungsvorgang, der eine nur sehr kurze Zeit erfordert, wird der Druckverschlußdeckel 5 wieder hochgefahren. Das Druckgefäß 1 wird um die Achse 27 in seine gestrichelt gezeichnete Kipp-Position herumgeschwenkt. Sodann werden die Antriebszylinder 9 betätigt, so daß die mit ihnen verbundenen Druckstößel 7 die im Druckgefäß 1 noch festhaftende Wäsche aus der Einfüllöffnung 8 des Druckgefäßes 1 auf das Förderband 28 ausstoßen, auf welchem die entwässerte Wäsche in Pfeilrichtung 29 der nächsten Bearbeitungsstation, z.B. einer Lockerungseinrichtung, zugeführt wird. In der Lockerungseinrichtung selbst erfolgt eine Nachverdampfung des noch in der Wäsche befindlichen Dampfes mit dem Effekt einer weiteren Trocknung, so daß mit einer Restfeuchte von ca. 35% eine optimale Mangel- bzw. Preßfeuchte ohne weitere Energiezufuhr erreicht wird.After the drainage process, which requires only a very short time, the pressure cap 5 is raised again. The pressure vessel 1 is around the axis 27 in its dashed tilt position pivots. Then the drive cylinders 9 are actuated so that the pressure tappets 7 connected to them eject the laundry still adhering to the pressure vessel 1 from the filling opening 8 of the pressure vessel 1 onto the conveyor belt 28, on which the dewatered laundry in the direction of arrow 29 of the next processing station, for example a loosening device , is fed. In the loosening device itself, the steam still in the laundry is re-evaporated with the effect of further drying, so that with a residual moisture of approx. 35% an optimal deficiency or press moisture is achieved without further energy supply.

Zur Aufnahme von 35 bzw. 50 kg gespülter Wäsche weist das Druckgefäß bei einer Höhe von jeweils 60 cm einen Durchmesser von 100 bzw. 120 cm auf, was einem Fassungsvolumen von 470 bzw. 680 Liter entspricht. Die Gesamttaktzeit der Entwässerung einschließlich der reinen Maschinenzeit dauert ca. 90 Sekunden, wobei der eigentliche Entwässerungsvorgang d.h. die Einwirkzeit des Dampfes auf die Wäsche maximal 45 Sekungen beträgt. Der Dampfdruck ist je nach gewünschter Restfeuchte der Wäsche zwischen 1 und 6 bar einstellbar.To hold 35 or 50 kg of washed laundry, the pressure vessel has a diameter of 100 or 120 cm at a height of 60 cm, which corresponds to a capacity of 470 or 680 liters. The total cycle time of the dewatering including the pure machine time takes approx. 90 seconds, the actual dewatering process i.e. the steam can act on the laundry for a maximum of 45 seconds. The steam pressure can be adjusted between 1 and 6 bar depending on the desired residual moisture of the laundry.

Der Dampfdurchsatz während des eigentlichen Entwässerungsvorganges beträgt 0,5 kg Dampf/kg Wäsche. Die Ausgangstemperatur des durch die Leitung 26 zugeführten Frischwassers beträgt ca. 15°C. Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erfolgt eine Aufheizung auf ca. 30-35°C.The steam throughput during the actual dewatering process is 0.5 kg steam / kg laundry. The initial temperature of the fresh water supplied through line 26 is approximately 15 ° C. The inventive method heats up to about 30-35 ° C.

Durch das Einströmen des Entwässerungsdampfes und des von ihm ausgepreßten Wassers erfolgt bereits innerhalb des Frischwasser-Vorlaufbehälters 4 eine Aufheizung des durch die Leitung 26 zugeführten Frischwassers von ca. 15°C auf ca. 30-35°C. Dieses im Frischwasser-Vorlaufbehälter aufgeheizte Frischwasser wird sodann in der üblichen Weise über die Frischwasserleitung 15 der Wasch- und Spülmaschine 14 zugeführt, wo seine weitere Aufheizung durch Dampf erfolgt, der durch die Leitungen 12,13 zugeführt wird.Due to the inflow of the dewatering steam and the water squeezed out by it, heating takes place within the fresh water supply tank 4 of the fresh water supplied through line 26 from approx. 15 ° C. to approx. 30-35 ° C. This fresh water heated in the fresh water supply tank is then fed in the usual way via the fresh water line 15 to the washing machine and dishwasher 14, where it is further heated by steam which is supplied through the lines 12, 13.

Claims (5)

1. Verfahren zum Entwässern von in einem solchen Waschvorgang gewaschener Wäsche, bei dem das zum Waschen und Spülen verwendete Frischwasser durch direktes Einblasen von unter Überdruck stehendem Dampf aufgeheizt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Teil des zum Aufheizen des Frischwassers erforderlichen Dampfes durch die gespülte Wäsche hindurch in einen Bereich niedrigeren, insbesondere atmosphärischen Druckes geführt und mit dem mitgerissenen Spülwasser in dem für das Waschen und Spülen benötigten Frischwasser kondensiert wird.1. A method for dewatering laundry washed in such a washing process, in which the fresh water used for washing and rinsing is heated by directly blowing in excess pressure steam, characterized in that part of the steam required for heating the fresh water is washed by the rinsed laundry through to an area of lower, in particular atmospheric pressure, and condensed with the entrained rinse water in the fresh water required for washing and rinsing. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 unter Verwendung von Dampf, insbesondere Sattdampf, mit einem Ausgangsdruck von etwa 10 bar oder mehr, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zum Entwässern dienende Dampf vor dem Einleiten in die Wäsche durch Druckreduzierung überhitzt und gegebenenfalls vorher noch getrocknet wird.2. The method according to claim 1 using steam, in particular saturated steam, with an outlet pressure of about 10 bar or more, characterized in that the steam used for dewatering is overheated by reducing the pressure before being introduced into the laundry and is optionally dried beforehand. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Größe der Druckreduzierung einstellbar ist.3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the size of the pressure reduction is adjustable. 4. Wäschereianlage mit Entwässerungsvorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch folgende Merkmale: A Der Boden (2) eines Druckgefäßes (1) ist siebartig mit Durchtrittsöffnungen (3) versehen. B Ein Behälter unterhalb des Druckgefäßes (1) dient als Frischwasser-Vorlaufbehälter (4) für eine Waschmaschine oder als Zulauf zum Frischwasser-Vorlaufbehälter (4). C Das Druckgefäß (1) ist mit einem abnehmbaren Druckverschlußdeckel (5) versehen. D Der Druckverschlußdeckel (5) oder das Druckgefäß (1) ist mit einer Dampfzuführleitung (20) verbunden. 4. Laundry system with drainage device for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized by the following features: A The bottom (2) of a pressure vessel (1) is sieve-like with through openings (3). B A container below the pressure vessel (1) serves as a fresh water supply container (4) for a washing machine or as an inlet to the fresh water supply container (4). C The pressure vessel (1) has a removable pressure cap (5). D The pressure cap (5) or the pressure vessel (1) is connected to a steam supply line (20). 5. Wäschereianlage mit Entwässerungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, gekennzeichnet durch folgende Merkmale: E Im Boden (2) des Druckgefäßes ist mindestens ein Druckstößel (7) verschiebbar geführt. F Der Druckstößel (7) ist von der Unterseite des Druckgefäßes (1) her in Richtung auf dessen Einfüllöffnung (8) verschiebbar angetrieben. 5. Laundry system with drainage device according to claim 4, characterized by the following features: E At least one pressure tappet (7) is slidably guided in the bottom (2) of the pressure vessel. F The pressure tappet (7) is driven to be displaceable from the underside of the pressure vessel (1) in the direction of its filling opening (8).
EP80105879A 1979-10-04 1980-09-27 Method of washing, rinsing and subsequent extraction of water from linen, and water extraction device Expired EP0026896B1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80105879T ATE3216T1 (en) 1979-10-04 1980-09-27 METHOD FOR WASHING, RINSE AND THEN DEWATERING OF LAUNDRY, AND DEWATERING DEVICE.

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DE2940217A DE2940217C2 (en) 1979-10-04 1979-10-04 Method for dewatering laundry and dewatering device
DE2940217 1979-10-04

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EP0026896A1 true EP0026896A1 (en) 1981-04-15
EP0026896B1 EP0026896B1 (en) 1983-05-04

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EP (1) EP0026896B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5657495A (en)
AT (1) ATE3216T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8006383A (en)
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DE (2) DE2940217C2 (en)
DK (1) DK418180A (en)
ES (1) ES8106186A1 (en)
HU (1) HU178390B (en)
IL (1) IL61188A (en)
SU (1) SU1064872A3 (en)
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EP0166323A2 (en) * 1984-06-26 1986-01-02 Knut Björn Lennart Lundberg Method for preventing contact with contaminated textiles and/or spreading of contaminants therein and container for carrying out said method
WO2007080065A1 (en) * 2006-01-09 2007-07-19 Herbert Kannegiesser Gmbh Method for loading and unloading dryers and device for drying laundry in commercial laundries

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WO2007080065A1 (en) * 2006-01-09 2007-07-19 Herbert Kannegiesser Gmbh Method for loading and unloading dryers and device for drying laundry in commercial laundries

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES494982A0 (en) 1981-08-01
CA1120742A (en) 1982-03-30
DK418180A (en) 1981-04-05
ES8106186A1 (en) 1981-08-01
SU1064872A3 (en) 1983-12-30
ATE3216T1 (en) 1983-05-15
JPS5657495A (en) 1981-05-19
IL61188A0 (en) 1980-11-30
US4386509A (en) 1983-06-07
HU178390B (en) 1982-04-28
DE2940217C2 (en) 1984-05-17
DE3062978D1 (en) 1983-06-09
DE2940217B1 (en) 1981-02-19
BR8006383A (en) 1981-04-14
US4332047A (en) 1982-06-01
YU233080A (en) 1984-06-30
IL61188A (en) 1983-11-30
DD153145A5 (en) 1981-12-23
EP0026896B1 (en) 1983-05-04

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