EP0025418B1 - Ciseau pour une machine de piquage et procédé pour son fonctionnement - Google Patents

Ciseau pour une machine de piquage et procédé pour son fonctionnement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0025418B1
EP0025418B1 EP80810285A EP80810285A EP0025418B1 EP 0025418 B1 EP0025418 B1 EP 0025418B1 EP 80810285 A EP80810285 A EP 80810285A EP 80810285 A EP80810285 A EP 80810285A EP 0025418 B1 EP0025418 B1 EP 0025418B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chisel
crust
projections
side surfaces
projection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80810285A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0025418A1 (fr
Inventor
Edwin Gut
Erwin Arnold
Hans Friedli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcan Holdings Switzerland AG
Original Assignee
Schweizerische Aluminium AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schweizerische Aluminium AG filed Critical Schweizerische Aluminium AG
Priority to AT80810285T priority Critical patent/ATE2551T1/de
Publication of EP0025418A1 publication Critical patent/EP0025418A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0025418B1 publication Critical patent/EP0025418B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/14—Devices for feeding or crust breaking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D17/02—Percussive tool bits

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a chisel for an impact device for breaking the solidified crust of an electrolysis furnace, in particular for the production of aluminum, and to a method for operating the chisel.
  • the electrolyte becomes poor in aluminum oxide.
  • aluminum oxide in the electrolyte there is an anode effect, which results in a voltage increase of, for example, 4-4.5 V to 30 V and above.
  • the crust must be hammered in and the aluminum oxide concentration increased by adding new aluminum oxide (alumina).
  • the cell is usually operated periodically in normal operation, even if there is no anode effect.
  • the bath crust has to be hammered in and the alumina concentration increased by adding new aluminum oxide, which corresponds to cell operation.
  • the lower region of the chisel, which directly engages with the crust when the crust is hammered in, in these known devices is designed, for example, as an end face arranged vertically to the side faces, a conical tip or a truncated cone-shaped constriction.
  • the European patent application 0 025 417 describes chisel shapes suitable for punching or shearing off.
  • AT-B-280 626 describes a chisel with a hole for introducing compressed air into the melt flow of the electrolytic cell.
  • a large amount of alumina should be able to be injected into the bath of the electrolytic cell.
  • the chisel according to this embodiment has widenings in the form of side crushing vanes attached near the tip.
  • these relatively large crushing wings require a high impact force and also have a disadvantageous effect on other cell manipulations because of their bulkiness.
  • the inventors have therefore set themselves the task of creating a device for hammering in the solidified crust of an electrolysis furnace and a method for its operation, which ensure continuous, continuous operation without jamming.
  • At least one cam is arranged in the lower region of the vertical chisel side surfaces, which comprises at least part of the chisel circumference, is rectangular in cross section, preferably square, and 5 to 15 mm from the chisel side surfaces protrudes.
  • Such a cam is expediently of elongated shape and extends, arranged horizontally, over at least part of the circumference of the chisel.
  • two or more cams can also be arranged in superimposed levels to be orderly; their distance from the bottom of the chisel and their distance from one another can be varied depending on the cell geometry.
  • the cams are preferably made of the same material as the chisel, in particular a hard and weldable steel, e.g. B. St 45-50. Using a suitable fastening method, such as welding or screwing, preformed cams can be fixed on the vertical side surfaces of the chisel. The cams can also be applied in the form of welding beads and brought into the final shape using a suitable machining process. Furthermore, chisel and cam can be formed in one piece by z. B. be milled out.
  • the cam cross sections are generally rectangular, preferably square and often have a slight undercut on the underside.
  • cams that protrude too far from the chisel are exposed to the risk of deformation, cams that protrude too little are not effective enough. Therefore the cams protrude 5-15 mm from the side of the chisel.
  • the solution according to the invention is characterized in that the chisel according to the invention with at least one cam arranged in the lower region of the vertical side surfaces after the crust has been pierced, at least until the lower half is reached in relation to the thickness of the crust the lowest cam is further lowered.
  • the impact device which consists in principle of a pressure cylinder, piston rod and chisel, is attached directly or indirectly to the cell structure or is part of an operating vehicle or furnace manipulator.
  • the lower area of the chisel 10 is immersed in the liquid melt 14, that is to say it has completely penetrated the solidified melt 16.
  • This lower area is shown in the shape of a fishtail. Although this shape is used to advantage, any other suitable shape of the lower portion of the bit can be used.
  • the lower pair of cams 12 arranged on the narrow side has almost completely penetrated the crust 16.
  • An almost continuous space 18 has been created between the chisel 10 and the solidified melt 16.
  • the alumina 20 lying on the crust 16 trickles into this gap.
  • the chisel 10 does not jam and can easily be pulled out again after being pushed in.
  • the furnace which takes place after a short time interval in automatic systems, the chisel can be inserted into the hole widened by the clearing function of the cams without difficulty. If the chisel is not exactly centered, it pushes away the lugs 17 of the solidified melt flow 16 left over from the last operating process without any problems and without great force.
  • additional cams can be arranged on the wider side surfaces of the chisel.
  • the chisel can also be pressed down more, then the lower pair of cams 12 completely pierce the crust.
  • the side surface of the cams facing the bath or the chisel side which have a cross-sectional dimension of approximately 1 cm 2 , is undercut, preferably with an undercut angle of up to 20 °. Through this end face, which is inclined upwards in the direction of the chisel, the cams act in the sense of clearing teeth.
  • crust fragments and alumina pushed into the molten electrolyte from the underside of the chisel are not shown.
  • a chisel 22 which is round in cross section is shown.
  • the cone-shaped lower area of the chisel can assume any other suitable shape.
  • a lower pair of cams 24 encompasses the largest Most part of the chisel circumference, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 4, a horizontal section through FIG.
  • a pair of cams 26 arranged in an overlying plane only comprises a relatively small part of the circumference of the chisel.
  • 1-4 cams are shown, which are characterized by their elongated shape and their horizontal course by the same width, Fig. Shows a section of a longitudinal section through a chisel with cams of different widths.
  • the lowest cam 30, which first acts on the solidified melt flow, is narrow, the cam 32 arranged above it is wider and the cam 34 arranged uppermost is widest.
  • the space created between the chisel and the crust is gradually expanded from bottom to top when the impact device is actuated.
  • the cams according to the invention can still be fastened in the lower region of the chisel in many design variants which have the same function and achieve the same result.
  • the lowermost part of the chisel which carries or forms the cams can also be designed as an interchangeable unit which is detachably attached to the chisel shaft. This embodiment has the advantage that after a certain amount of wear or in the event of a repair, not the entire chisel, but only its lowermost part, has to be replaced.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Immobilizing And Processing Of Enzymes And Microorganisms (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Primary Cells (AREA)
  • Hybrid Cells (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Ciseau pour une machine de piquage pour rompre la croûte solidifiée d'un four à électrolyse, en particulier pour la fabrication de l'aluminium, caractérisé en ce qu'à la partie inférieure des surfaces latérales verticales du ciseau est disposé au moins un ergot (12, 24, 26) qui entoure au moins une partie de la périphérie du ciseau, qui a en coupe une forme rectangulaire et de préférence carrée et qui s'écarte des surfaces latérales du ciseau de 5-15 mm.
2. Ciseau selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les ergots préformés (12, 24, 26) sont fixés en position horizontale sur les surfaces latérales du ciseau (10, 22, 28) par soudure ou vissage.
3. Ciseau selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les ergots (12, 24, 26) sont des cordons de soudure rapportés.
4. Ciseau selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les ergots (12, 24, 26) et le ciseau (10, 22) sont venus d'une seule pièce.
5. Ciseau selon l'une des revendications 1-4, caractérisé en ce que la surface latérale, tournée vers la face inférieure du ciseau, des ergots (12, 24, 26) est en dépouille, de préférence avec un angle allant jusqu'à 20°.
6. Ciseau selon l'une des revendications 1-5, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs ergots (12, 24, 26), disposés dans des plans situés l'un au-dessus de l'autre, s'écartent à égale distance des surfaces latérales du ciseau.
7. Ciseau selon l'une des revendications 1-5, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs ergots (30, 32, 34), disposés dans des plans situés l'un au-dessus de l'autre, s'écartent progressivement des surfaces latérales du ciseau en allant du bas vers le haut.
8. Procédé pour rompre la croûte solidifiée d'un four à électrolyse, en particulier pour la fabrication de l'aluminium, par manoeuvre d'une machine de piquage équipée d'un ciseau selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on continue à abaisser le ciseau (10, 22, 28), qui comporte au moins un ergot disposé à la partie inférieure des surfaces latérales verticales, après refoulement, par l'ergot ou par les ergots (24, 30) les plus bas, de la croûte (16) au moins jusqu'à atteindre la moitié inférieure, rapporté à l'épaisseur de la croûte (16).
9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'on continue à abaisser le couteau (10, 22, 28) jusqu'à refoulement complet de la croûte (16) par le ou les ergots les plus bas (24, 30).
EP80810285A 1979-09-10 1980-09-09 Ciseau pour une machine de piquage et procédé pour son fonctionnement Expired EP0025418B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80810285T ATE2551T1 (de) 1979-09-10 1980-09-09 Meissel fuer eine einschlagvorrichtung und verfahren zu dessen betrieb.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH815179 1979-09-10
CH8151/79 1980-09-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0025418A1 EP0025418A1 (fr) 1981-03-18
EP0025418B1 true EP0025418B1 (fr) 1983-02-16

Family

ID=4335944

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80810285A Expired EP0025418B1 (fr) 1979-09-10 1980-09-09 Ciseau pour une machine de piquage et procédé pour son fonctionnement

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (2) US4317595A (fr)
EP (1) EP0025418B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5647582A (fr)
AT (1) ATE2551T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU539612B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1150189A (fr)
DE (1) DE2943291C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES8106768A1 (fr)
GR (1) GR69698B (fr)
IS (1) IS1151B6 (fr)
NO (1) NO154173C (fr)
NZ (1) NZ194874A (fr)
YU (1) YU231080A (fr)
ZA (1) ZA805336B (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH644156A5 (de) * 1979-09-10 1984-07-13 Alusuisse Vorrichtung zur bedienung von elektrolyseoefen.
CN102011149B (zh) * 2010-12-23 2015-12-02 高伟 流入推压式氧化铝加料装置
EP3278931A1 (fr) * 2016-08-02 2018-02-07 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Burin plat

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR615512A (fr) * 1927-01-10
US1614287A (en) * 1920-07-17 1927-01-11 Rembrandt Peale Mining machine
AT237909B (de) * 1962-12-07 1965-01-11 Vmw Ranshofen Berndorf Ag Elektropneumatische Vorrichtung zur automatischen periodischen Tonerdezugabe bei Aluminiumelektrolyseöfen
CH496100A (de) * 1967-04-07 1970-09-15 Alusuisse Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines Ofens für die schmelzelektrolytische Gewinnung von Aluminium

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO154173C (no) 1986-08-06
IS2583A7 (is) 1981-03-11
NO154173B (no) 1986-04-21
DE2943291A1 (de) 1981-04-02
GR69698B (fr) 1982-07-08
ES494888A0 (es) 1981-09-01
ATE2551T1 (de) 1983-03-15
DE2943291C2 (de) 1983-02-10
AU6211180A (en) 1981-03-19
NZ194874A (en) 1984-12-14
NO802645L (no) 1981-03-11
AU539612B2 (en) 1984-10-11
YU231080A (en) 1983-06-30
US4380492A (en) 1983-04-19
JPS5647582A (en) 1981-04-30
ZA805336B (en) 1981-09-30
EP0025418A1 (fr) 1981-03-18
IS1151B6 (is) 1984-03-05
CA1150189A (fr) 1983-07-19
ES8106768A1 (es) 1981-09-01
US4317595A (en) 1982-03-02

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