EP0024793A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour l'étirage de matière fibreuse - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour l'étirage de matière fibreuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0024793A1
EP0024793A1 EP80302208A EP80302208A EP0024793A1 EP 0024793 A1 EP0024793 A1 EP 0024793A1 EP 80302208 A EP80302208 A EP 80302208A EP 80302208 A EP80302208 A EP 80302208A EP 0024793 A1 EP0024793 A1 EP 0024793A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rolls
pair
pairs
rotating
rotatable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP80302208A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
John Richardson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd filed Critical Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Publication of EP0024793A1 publication Critical patent/EP0024793A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H5/00—Drafting machines or arrangements ; Threading of roving into drafting machine
    • D01H5/18—Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars
    • D01H5/22—Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars in which fibres are controlled by rollers only
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H5/00—Drafting machines or arrangements ; Threading of roving into drafting machine
    • D01H5/18—Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars
    • D01H5/32—Regulating or varying draft

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved drafting frame having pairs of nipped drafting rolls between which a series of slivers of fibrous material are passed.
  • pairs of aligned top and bottom drafting rolls are held together in nipped engagement under pressure as the fibrous material passes between them and the rolls are driven through appropriate gearing at a progressively faster speed so that the slivers of fibrous material are laterally spread out into the form of a thin web and so that, at the same time, the fibrous material passing between the rolls is stretched or drafted to more perfectly align the fibres longitudinally of the web.
  • Drafting is normally carried out with successive roll pairs being set at a roll centre to centre distance slightly greater, typically 3 to 7 mm greater, than the longest fibre length. As the roll centre to centre distance increases above this value, drafting is normally believed to become uneven resulting in a non-uniform product and at distances of about 1.5 times the maximum fibre length drafting cannot be established with draft ratios greater than about 4.0. (The distance of 1.5 times the maximum fibre length and a draft ratio greater than about 4.0 are only approximate figures and are given as a guide - the actual figures for a particular feedstock depends on the particular sliver cohesiveness).
  • the roll to roll distance is not critical when drafting multi-ends of fibrous sliver packed in close proximity.
  • the distance between the roll centres of successive roll pairs can exceed 1.5 times the maximum fibre length so allowing much larger diameter rolls to be used so reducing the amount of bowing at wide widths whilst producing a uniform highly oriented web.
  • a process of drafting a fibrous material comprising continuously passing a series of slivers of the fibrous material in turn through a nip - formed between a first pair of rotating rolls and then through a nip formed between a second pair of rotating rolls, a draft ratio being maintained between the first and second pairs of rotating rolls, heating the fibrous web so formed and passing it through the nip formed between a further pair of rotating rolls characterised in that the distance between the nip formed between the first pair of rolls and the nip formed between the second pair of rolls is in excess of 1.5 times the maximum fibre length in the slivers.
  • a process of drafting a fibrous material comprising continuously passing a series of slivers of the fibrous material in turn through a nip formed between a first pair of rotating rolls and then through a nip formed between a second pair of rotating rolls, a draft ratio being maintained between the first and second pairs of rotating rolls, heating the fibrous web so formed and passing it through the nip formed between a further pair of rotating rolls, and progressively increasing the speed of rotation of the second and successive pairs of rotating rolls thereby progressively establishing a higher draft ratio between the first and second pairs of rotating rolls.
  • the draft ratio initially maintained between the first and second pairs of rotating rolls does not exceed 1.1.
  • initial draft ratios as high as 2.0 or even 5.0 may be maintained.
  • the speed of rotation of the second pair of rotating rolls is increased progressively to a value dependent on the input sliver weight and the required final web weight.
  • the shim after leaving -the nip formed by the second pair of rotating rolls, and before being subjected to the heating step, may be passed in turn through the nips formed between a number of, say two, intermediate pairs of rotating rolls. It should be realised that, where the fibrous web is passed in turn through intermediate rolls in this way then, in the usual manner, a low draft ratio will require to be maintained between successive pairs of the intermediate rotating rolls. Also in the process, the fibrous shim, immediately after being heated, will usually be passed over a guide bar which allows the heat to be applied very close to the roll pair exit.
  • a drafting frame comprising in series a first pair, second pair and third pair of aligned rotatable rolls each forming a nip, means for passing a series of slivers of a fibrous material into the nip formed between the first pair of rotatable rolls, means for rotating the first pair of rotatable rolls, means for rotating the second and third pairs of rotatable rolls which allows a speed differential to be maintained between the second and third pairs of rotatable rolls, means for progressively increasing the speed of rotation of the second pair of rotatable rolls, and simultaneously the third pair of rotatable rolls, in relation to the first pair of rotatable rolls so as to progressively increase the draft ratio between the first and second pairs of rotatable rolls and heating means located between the second and third pairs of rotatable rolls.
  • a drafting frame comprising in series a first pair, second pair, a plurality of intermediate pairs and a third pair of aligned rotatable rolls each forming a nip, means for passing a series of slivers of a fibrous material into the nip formed between the first pair of rotatable rolls, common means for rotating the remaining pairs of rolls which allows a speed differential to be maintained between successive pairs of the remaining pairs of rolls, means for progressively increasing the speed of rotation of the remaining pairs of rolls in relation to the first pair of rotatable rolls so as to progressively increase the draft ratio between the first and second pairs of rotatable rolls and heating means located between the last of the intermediate pairs of rolls and the third pair of rolls.
  • the slivers of fibrous material are passed into the nip formed by the first pair of rolls by means of a suitable spacing means followed by suitable tensioning means.
  • the spacing means is used to provide a tightly packed uniform feedstock over the full machine width.
  • the tightly packed uniform feedstock can be obtained, for example, by using a 3 gram/metre sliver spaced at 1 cm centres across the width of the drafting rolls.
  • the first pair of rotatable rolls may be driven by any suitable means, for example, an electric motor/gear box or a hydraulic motor.
  • the second, intermediate (if provided) and third pair of rotatable rolls may be driven by either an electric or hydraulic motor, which includes a suitable gearing mechanism in order that an appropriate draft ratio can be maintained between the second, intermediate (if provided) and third pairs of rotatable rolls.
  • the drafting frame includes a means for progressively increasing the speed of rotation of the second pair, third pair and, if provided, intermediate pairs of rotatable rolls in relation to the first pair of rolls. This may consist of any electronic means of increasing the speed up to the maximum draft ratio required over a period of approximately 15 to 30 seconds.
  • the frame may be provided with a guide bar between the heating means and the third pair of rolls.
  • the third pair of rolls may be vertically displaced in relation to the previous pair of rolls so eliminating the need for a guide bar.
  • the rolls used in the drafting frame may have a smooth, for example, rubber coated surface or, where greater friction on the fibrous material is required, a profiled, for example, a fluted, surface. In most cases it is desirable to use a combination of the two.
  • the heating step in the process may be achieved by passing the fibrous web through a stream of hot air.
  • a process of drafting a fibrous material comprising continuously passing a series of slivers of the fibrous material in turn through a train of nips formed between pairs of rotating rolls, the draft ratio between successive pairs of rolls in the train being less than 5.0 and the overall draft ratio between the first and last pairs of rolls in the train being greater than 10.0, heating the web so formed and then passing it through the nip formed by a further pair of rotating rolls.
  • a drafting frame comprising in series a train of pairs of aligned rotatable rolls each forming a nip, a heating means and another pair of aligned rotatable rolls forming a nip, means for passing a series of slivers of a fibrous material into the nip formed between the first pair of rolls in the train, means, including gearing means, for rotating all of the pairs of rolls in the train so that a draft of less than 5.0 can be maintained between successive pairs of rolls in the train and an overall draft ratio greater than 10.0 can be maintained between the first and last pairs of rolls in the train.
  • the draft ratio between successive pairs of rolls in the train can be less than 2.0 or as low as 1.1 depending on the feedstock used.
  • the draft ratio between successive pairs of rolls in the train may be the same or a different value. Furthermore in certain cases it may be desirable for the overall draft ratio between the first and last pairs of rolls in the train to be much higher than 10.0 for example.
  • the rolls in the train may be driven by either an electric or hydraulic motor provided with a suitable gearing mechanism which allows suitable draft ratios to be maintained between successive pairs of rolls in the train.
  • the other pair of rolls through which the web is finally passed may be driven either independently of, or through gearing from, the drive used for the rolls in the train.
  • the rolls used may have a smooth, for example rubber coated, surface or, where greater friction on the fibrous material is required, a profiled, for example fluted, surface. Desirably one of the pair of rolls, is rubber coated and the other of the same pair of rolls, is fluted.
  • the slivers of fibrous material are passed, in this embodiment of the invention, into the nip formed by the first pair of rolls in the train by means of a suitable spacing means followed by a suitable tensioning means.
  • the spacing means used provides a tightly packed uniform feedstock over the full width of the machine.
  • the web After the web has been heated it is usually passed around a guide bar before it is passed through the nip formed by the other pair of rolls. Alternatively the same effect can be achieved by vertically displacing the other pair of rolls from the horizontal line followed by the train of nips.
  • the web is heated by hot air.
  • raft ratio means the ratio of the speeds of successive pairs of rolls forming nips through which slivers of a fibrous material are passed in order to achieve drafting of the fibrous material.
  • the fibrous material will be passed successively between pairs of rolls rotating at a progressively faster speed.
  • the required draft ratios required to produce a particular web weight can be determined by the following formulae: where "overall draft ratio" is the ratio of the speed of roll following the heater to the speed of the first roll and
  • V 2 is the speed of the roll pair immediately before the heater and V3is the speed of the roll pair immediately after the heater.
  • Figure 1 illustrates diagrammatically a side view of one drafting frame layout in use in accordance with the process of the first embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 1(a) illustrates diagrammatically in plan the same drafting frame as illustrated in Figure 1
  • Figure 2 illustrates diagrammatically in side view another drafting frame layout in use in accordance with the process of the first embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2(a) illustrates diagrammatically in plan the drafting frame illustrated in Figure 2.
  • Figure 3 illustrates diagrammatically in side view one drafting layout in use in accordance with the process of the second second embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 3(a) illustrates diagrammatically in plan the drafting frame illustrated in Figure 3.
  • a highly ordered coherent web (1) was prepared from 100 slivers (2), each weighing 3 g/m and spaced at 10 mm centres across the width of the drafting frame, composed of 3.3 decitex, 90-125 mm variable cut bicomponent fibres with the components arranged in an eccentric core/sheath arrangement, the core being composed of polyethylene terephthalate and the sheath being composed of a copolymer of 15 mole percent ethylene isophthalate and 85 mole percent ethylene terephthalate.
  • Initial drafting was established using roll speeds of:-First roll pair, 0.98 m/min; Second roll pair, 1.96 m/min and third roll pair, 1.21 m/min, ie draft ratios of 2.0 and 0.62 respectively.
  • Second roll pair 1.96 m/min
  • third roll pair 1.21 m/min, ie draft ratios of 2.0 and 0.62 respectively.
  • the web was passed around the guide bar (12), to allow the web to be heated immediately it leaves the second roll pair.
  • the speed of the second and third pairs of rolls . were increased linearly over 15 seconds to 16.0 and 9.88 m/min respectively.
  • the resulting web having a width of 1.0 m and weighing 29.8 g/m 2 had the following coherency values (measured by the method described in the specification of British Patent Application No 14552/77):-
  • Each roll pair consisted of a lower fluted roll, 100 mm diameter and a neoprene coated upper roll, 100 mm diameter, which were pneumatically loaded to give a nip pressure of 2.0 Kg/cm.
  • a highly ordered coherent web (1) was prepared from 100 slivers (2), each weighing 2.8 g/m and spaced at 10 mm centres, composed of 3.3 decitex, 90-125 mm variable cut bicomponent fibres with the components arranged in an eccentric core/sheath arrangement, the core being composed of polyethylene terephthalate and the sheath being composed of a copolymer of 15 mole percent ethylene isophthalate and 85 mole percent ethylene terephthalate.
  • Each roll pair consisted of a lower fluted roll, 100 mm diameter and a neoprene coated upper roll, 100 mm diameter, which were pneumatically loaded to give a nip pressure of 2.0 Kg/cm.
  • a highly ordered, coherent web (1) was prepared from 48 slivers (2), each weighing 3.9 g/m and spaced at 10 mm centres across part of the width of the drafting machine, composed of 3.3 decitex, 90-125 mm variable cut bicomponent fibres with the components arranged in an eccentric core/sheath arrangement, the core being composed of polyethylene terephthalate and the sheath being composed of a copolymer of 15 mole percent ethylene isophthalate and 85 mole percent ethylene terephthalate.
  • Six sets of roll pairs were used, roll pairs 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 in Fig 3, with the roll-roll pair centre distances as follows:- (13) - (14) ! 300 mm; (14)- (15) : 200 mm; (15) - (16) : 200 mm; (16) - (17) : 200 mm; (17) - (18) : 300 mm.
  • the heater (11) provided air at 195°C.
  • the resulting web was 48 cm wide and weighed 35 gfm. It has the following coherency values (measured by the methods described in the specification of British Patent Application No 14552/77):-

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
EP80302208A 1979-08-15 1980-07-01 Procédé et dispositif pour l'étirage de matière fibreuse Withdrawn EP0024793A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7928434 1979-08-15
GB7928434 1979-08-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0024793A1 true EP0024793A1 (fr) 1981-03-11

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80302208A Withdrawn EP0024793A1 (fr) 1979-08-15 1980-07-01 Procédé et dispositif pour l'étirage de matière fibreuse

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0024793A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5631021A (fr)
AU (1) AU6150280A (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107475826A (zh) * 2017-08-31 2017-12-15 青岛金汇丰机械有限公司 新型五轴粗纱机
CN109735977A (zh) * 2019-03-13 2019-05-10 巢湖雅戈尔色纺科技有限公司 交变牵伸五通道纺纱装置及变支变比变捻纱线的纺制方法

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58119525A (ja) * 1981-12-30 1983-07-16 Ricoh Co Ltd 給紙装置
JPS60188240A (ja) * 1984-03-07 1985-09-25 Matsushita Graphic Commun Syst Inc 自動給紙装置
JPS61130132A (ja) * 1984-11-30 1986-06-18 Hitachi Ltd 紙葉類取扱い装置
JPH062534B2 (ja) * 1985-12-04 1994-01-12 株式会社日立製作所 自動給紙機構

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR560535A (fr) * 1922-01-04 1923-10-05 Joh Jacob Rieter & Co Sa Dispositif d'étirage pour bancs à broches et métiers à filer pour coton
FR614420A (fr) * 1925-08-22 1926-12-14 Train de laminage, avec dispositif de commande du second cylindre permettant les grands étirages des fibres textiles
GB303302A (en) * 1928-03-14 1929-01-03 August Fournell Improvements in and relating to the drawing apparatus of cotton spinning machines
US2602195A (en) * 1948-04-09 1952-07-08 Liebowitz Benjamin Spinning method and apparatus
US2679072A (en) * 1950-05-24 1954-05-25 American Viscose Corp Method of producing a staple fiber yarn
US3363287A (en) * 1964-10-01 1968-01-16 Turbo Machine Co Modular textile drafting machine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR560535A (fr) * 1922-01-04 1923-10-05 Joh Jacob Rieter & Co Sa Dispositif d'étirage pour bancs à broches et métiers à filer pour coton
FR614420A (fr) * 1925-08-22 1926-12-14 Train de laminage, avec dispositif de commande du second cylindre permettant les grands étirages des fibres textiles
GB303302A (en) * 1928-03-14 1929-01-03 August Fournell Improvements in and relating to the drawing apparatus of cotton spinning machines
US2602195A (en) * 1948-04-09 1952-07-08 Liebowitz Benjamin Spinning method and apparatus
US2679072A (en) * 1950-05-24 1954-05-25 American Viscose Corp Method of producing a staple fiber yarn
US3363287A (en) * 1964-10-01 1968-01-16 Turbo Machine Co Modular textile drafting machine

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107475826A (zh) * 2017-08-31 2017-12-15 青岛金汇丰机械有限公司 新型五轴粗纱机
CN109735977A (zh) * 2019-03-13 2019-05-10 巢湖雅戈尔色纺科技有限公司 交变牵伸五通道纺纱装置及变支变比变捻纱线的纺制方法
CN109735977B (zh) * 2019-03-13 2023-09-19 安徽新雅新材料有限公司 交变牵伸五通道纺纱装置及变支变比变捻纱线的纺制方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6150280A (en) 1981-02-19
JPS5631021A (en) 1981-03-28

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Inventor name: RICHARDSON, JOHN