EP0024737A1 - Detektor für die Fortbewegung eines Schrittmotors - Google Patents

Detektor für die Fortbewegung eines Schrittmotors Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0024737A1
EP0024737A1 EP80105189A EP80105189A EP0024737A1 EP 0024737 A1 EP0024737 A1 EP 0024737A1 EP 80105189 A EP80105189 A EP 80105189A EP 80105189 A EP80105189 A EP 80105189A EP 0024737 A1 EP0024737 A1 EP 0024737A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
motor
signal
period
pulse
pulses
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP80105189A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0024737B1 (de
Inventor
Mai Tu Xuan
Marcel Jufer
André Indian Institute of Science Pittet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SSIH Management Services SA
Original Assignee
SSIH Management Services SA
Societe Suisse pour lIindustrie Horlogere Management Services SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0024737A1 publication Critical patent/EP0024737A1/de
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Publication of EP0024737B1 publication Critical patent/EP0024737B1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/14—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means incorporating a stepping motor
    • G04C3/143—Means to reduce power consumption by reducing pulse width or amplitude and related problems, e.g. detection of unwanted or missing step

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a device for supplying a single-phase stepper notor for a timepiece arranged to control the running of the motor by a first type of bipolar pulses of small width or by a second type of pulses. bipolar of greater width, a train of said second type of pulses being sent to the motor if the latter has not progressed by one step in response to said first type of pulses.
  • control devices of this type are known and, in order to remedy the drawbacks which they present, the applicant has proposed a new solution in her patent application which bears the registration number 8 0 1 0 3 3 6 6.
  • the control device comprises a step detector comprising first means for taking a first signal Ud developed by the current which flows through the coil of said motor and second means for creating a second signal the value of which indicates whether the motor has advanced one step in response to a narrow pulse.
  • the cited patent application proposes two first possible means for taking the first signal Ud developed by the current flowing through the motor coil.
  • a detection means comprises a bridge, one of the branches of which is occupied by the motor coil, one of the diagonals being supplied by the driving pulses and the other of the diagonals delivering the signal Ud.
  • Another detection means proposed by the cited application comprises a sensing coil inserted in the magnetic circuit of the motor, the voltage developed at the terminals of said coil delivering the signal Ud.
  • This signal has the advantage of eliminating the above-mentioned resistance bridge - if the losses it causes and if the coil has a sufficient number of turns the voltage Ud collected will be of a more comfortable amplitude than that arising on the diagonal from the bridge.
  • it has the disadvantage of requiring an auxiliary coil in the magnetic circuit of the motor, which increases the construction cost and complicates the wiring of the watch.
  • the invention which will be described p aims firstly at reducing the consumption of the timepiece.
  • a watch micromotor generally works almost empty.
  • the invention proposes a new device for controlling the pitch of the miller which makes it possible to adapt, with large safety margins, the supply as a function of the load, whence this results in an appreciable gain in energy consumption.
  • FIG. 1 is a supply flow diagram with pitch control.
  • the motor is normally supplied by short duration pulses (for example 6 ms) emitted by the generator 1.
  • a position detector 2 object of the present invention and which will be described in detail below, makes it possible to check whether the motor has its not. If so, the decision-maker 3 informs the generator 1 via line 4 that it must continue to supply the engine. If not, the same decision-making device controls, via line 5, the generator 6 which emits long duration pulses (for example 8 ms) which supply the motor and replace the short duration pulses. This substitution takes place for a time of n seconds fixed by the counter 7.
  • the motor is again supplied with short duration pulses. It can be seen that the motor is supplied alternately and as required either by loop 8 giving short duration pulses, the detector being in operation, or by loop 9 giving long duration pulses for a determined time by the counter, the detector being out of circuit.
  • loop 8 giving short duration pulses
  • loop 9 giving long duration pulses for a determined time by the counter, the detector being out of circuit.
  • the various anomalies which may arise during operation due to the causes mentioned above last for a certain time. It will therefore be understood that systematically sending a long pulse after each short pulse which has not succeeded in advancing the motor by one step would be expensive in terms of energy consumed and contrary to the aim which the invention proposes to achieve.
  • the duration for which the long pulses are sent to the motor is of the order of 5 minutes, but other values could be chosen.
  • FIG. 2a represents the train of short pulses which is sent to the motor when the latter takes its step.
  • the pulses 10, bipolar and with a duration of the order of 6 ms, are emitted every second by the generator 1.
  • FIG. 2b represents the train of long pulses 11 with a duration of the order of 8 ms emitted by generator 6, pulses succeeding each other at a rate of one second.
  • the start of the long pulse is offset by 40 ms with respect to the start of the short pulse and when the position detector, after the pulse 12 shown in FIG. 2c; detects an absence of rotation, the long pulse train 13 is sent to the motor during envi- ron 5 minutes, after which the motor is switched again to short pulses 14.
  • FIG. 3 represents the value of the couples C which act on the rotor as a function of its angle of rotation ⁇ .
  • the rotor of the stepping motor is subjected to two kinds of couples: a static holding torque Ca due to the magnet alone and a dynamic torque Cab motor due to the interaction of the flux of the magnet with the flow of the coil when it is supplied. Initially the rotor is in position S l . If an impulse is sent to the motor and it takes its step, it will find itself in position S 2 .
  • the value of the mutual magnet-coil flux a has been shown as a function of the angle of rotation of the rotor.
  • the present invention is precisely based on the value of this flux which takes different values depending on whether the motor has progressed by one step or not.
  • FIG. 4 shows a possible block diagram for implementing the invention.
  • the coil 15 of the motor receives alternating pulses when the switches 31 - 32, respectively 33 - 34 are closed. These switches form a switching circuit.
  • the table below indicates the position of the switches 31 to 34 according to the periods (0 to tl) to (t3 to t4) defined above and according to the invention.
  • the command sequence of the switches is established as follows:
  • the switching circuit 31 to 34 is controlled by a fitness circuit 21 itself receiving its information from an oscillator-divider circuit 20.
  • This circuit 21 includes the short pulse generator 1 and the long pulse generator 6 and the counter 7, as has been explained with reference to FIG. 1.
  • the control electrodes of the transistors 31 to 34 are controlled by the signals of FIG. 2a according to the sequences of the table above or by the signals of Figure 2c depending on whether the motor rotor has passed its pitch or not.
  • the voltage Ui collected at the terminals of the coil 15 is connected to the input of a differential circuit 22.
  • a control signal 23 opens this circuit during the only period t2 to t3, that is to say during the time when The induced voltage developed by the motor must be read.
  • the voltage Ui collected at the output of circuit 22, made asymmetrical, can attack the integrator 28.
  • the signal is compared with a reference signal Ur in a comparator 25. This comparison takes place at the end of the integration period, that is to say at time t3 thanks to a clock signal coming from the frequency divider. If Uc is smaller than Ur, the motor has taken its step and no signal appears at the output of the comparator: the control circuit continues to emit short duration pulses. If on the contrary Uc is more large than Ur, the motor has not taken its step and a signal Us appears at the output of the comparator which, via line 26, forces the control circuit to emit a train of long-lasting pulses 13 as is shown in Figure 2c. During the time when the pulses 13 are emitted, the circuit 22 is blocked by the line 27.
  • the measurement of the voltage Uc by the comparator takes place at the end of the integration period, at time t3.
  • time t3 is of the order of 30 ms
  • the reason for the offset between the start of the short pulse and the start of the train of long pulses as shown in FIG. 2c.
  • This offset naturally depends on the instant which has been chosen for the measurement of the voltage Uc since the train of long pulses will only intervene, if necessary, after said measurement.
  • the figure shows an offset of 40 ms for a measurement made after 30 ms. If this measurement is made earlier depending on the type of motor, for example after 20 ms already, the offset can be shortened to 30 ms.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph representing the voltage at the terminals of the motor, Ua being the supply voltage, Ui the voltage induced from time t2 and Uc the voltage at the output of the integrator.
  • the graph also shows the current i in the motor coil.
  • the load applied to the motor is 0.05 f Nm and it can be seen that the motor has taken its step.
  • the voltage Uc collected at the output of the integrator is zero at time t3 (30 ms), instant of measurement by the comparator, and no signal appears at the output of said comparator.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph which represents the situation in which the same motor is found for a load of 0.1 f Nm and for which it is found that the rotor has not taken its step.
  • the voltage Uc collected at the output of the integrator is very large at time t3 (30 ms), instant of measurement by the comparator, and a signal appears at the output of said comparator which forces the control circuit to emit a train d long duration pulses.
  • the improvements which have just been described give the motor a very safe servo-control, which servo-control has the aim, as already mentioned previously, of reducing the energy consumption of the timepiece and of achieving this by integrating the induced voltage developed in the motor terminals.
  • the system can suit any type of stepper motor. If this motor is sized for the servo offered by the present invention, an energy saving of the order of 60% can be measured.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Control Of Stepping Motors (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
EP80105189A 1979-09-04 1980-09-01 Detektor für die Fortbewegung eines Schrittmotors Expired EP0024737B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7922609 1979-09-04
FR7922609A FR2464478A1 (fr) 1979-09-04 1979-09-04 Detecteur d'avance d'un moteur pas a pas

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0024737A1 true EP0024737A1 (de) 1981-03-11
EP0024737B1 EP0024737B1 (de) 1984-02-01

Family

ID=9229529

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80105189A Expired EP0024737B1 (de) 1979-09-04 1980-09-01 Detektor für die Fortbewegung eines Schrittmotors

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4323834A (de)
EP (1) EP0024737B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5829720B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1166683A (de)
DE (1) DE3066400D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2464478A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0108711B1 (de) * 1982-10-13 1987-06-10 Eta SA Fabriques d'Ebauches Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung eines Schrittmotors
EP0361209A1 (de) * 1988-09-23 1990-04-04 Asulab S.A. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Detektion des Durchgangs des Rotors eines Schrittmotors durch eine bestimmte Position und Verfahren zur Steuerung dieses Motors

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH647383GA3 (de) * 1981-02-04 1985-01-31
CH653206GA3 (de) * 1983-09-16 1985-12-31
EP0744825B1 (de) * 1994-12-08 1999-03-24 Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. Antriebsvorrichtung fuer einen motor
EP1421607A2 (de) * 2001-02-12 2004-05-26 ASM America, Inc. Verbesserter prozess zur ablagerung von halbleiterfilmen
US8004231B2 (en) * 2005-11-23 2011-08-23 Stmicroelectronics S.A. Control of a triac for the starting of a motor
JP2010220408A (ja) * 2009-03-17 2010-09-30 Seiko Instruments Inc ステッピングモータ制御回路及びアナログ電子時計

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2388323A1 (fr) * 1977-04-23 1978-11-17 Seiko Instr & Electronics Montre electronique

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH635973B (fr) * 1977-01-19 Suwa Seikosha Kk Circuit de commande pour un transducteur electromecanique d'une montre, notamment d'une montre-bracelet electronique.
JPS53132383A (en) * 1977-04-23 1978-11-18 Seiko Instr & Electronics Ltd Electronic watch circuit
JPS547373A (en) * 1977-06-17 1979-01-20 Seiko Epson Corp Electronic watch
JPS5428176A (en) * 1977-08-04 1979-03-02 Seiko Instr & Electronics Ltd Electronic watch
JPS5477169A (en) * 1977-12-02 1979-06-20 Seiko Instr & Electronics Ltd Electronic watch
FR2459579A1 (fr) * 1979-06-21 1981-01-09 Suisse Horlogerie Detecteur d'avance d'un moteur pas a pas

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2388323A1 (fr) * 1977-04-23 1978-11-17 Seiko Instr & Electronics Montre electronique

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ACTES DU 10e CONGRES INTERNATIONAL DE CHRONOMETRIE, 10 au 14 septembre 1979, Partie 3, Büren CH, A. PITTET et al.: "Amèlioration de la fiabilité et de la consommation d'énergie de moteurs pas à pas par une technique d'auto-contrôle", pages 73-80. *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0108711B1 (de) * 1982-10-13 1987-06-10 Eta SA Fabriques d'Ebauches Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung eines Schrittmotors
EP0361209A1 (de) * 1988-09-23 1990-04-04 Asulab S.A. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Detektion des Durchgangs des Rotors eines Schrittmotors durch eine bestimmte Position und Verfahren zur Steuerung dieses Motors
CH673750GA3 (de) * 1988-09-23 1990-04-12

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5829720B2 (ja) 1983-06-24
CA1166683A (en) 1984-05-01
JPS5646698A (en) 1981-04-27
US4323834A (en) 1982-04-06
FR2464478A1 (fr) 1981-03-06
EP0024737B1 (de) 1984-02-01
FR2464478B1 (de) 1981-11-20
DE3066400D1 (en) 1984-03-08

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