EP0017643B1 - Scrap metal press - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a scrap press for pressing together, in particular, rolled sheets with a die mounted in a press frame and receiving the sheets in a recess and a press die which can be pressed against the die recess.

Since non-uniformities in strip thickness and strip surface occur both at the beginning and at the end of the strip during the manufacture and processing of metal strips, these parts are cut off before further processing of the metal strips and used as scrap. The scrap produced at the beginning of the belt is usually wound up on a rolling device and conveyed on as a coil of sheet metal. However, it is also possible to cut the cut-off beginning of the tape into handy panels. However, the end of the strip to be scrapped generally remains on the decoiler and is therefore in the form of a sheet metal bundle. These bundles of sheet metal are collected in so-called scrap hoppers and brought to the steel mill for further processing in these containers. Because the bundles have only a few turns, there is a comparatively large space requirement for their transport, so that it has already been proposed to compress these bundles into flat packages. However, such flat-pressed scrap bundles still take up a large transport space, which is particularly difficult in view of the limited dimensions of the scrap bodies.

In order to be able to press pipes together into space-saving packages, it is already known (DE-A-2 234 242) to press the pipe flat on a wall using a horizontally displaceable press ram, which is lower than half the pipe circumference, so that after the Pressing process protrudes a material loop over the wall. This loop is then bent with a flap by 90 ° around the press ram and pressed flat against it. The tube thus compressed thus forms an elbow, the legs of which are then additionally pressed against one another. A package is therefore created that is four tube wall thicknesses high. The disadvantage of this known device for compressing pipes is, above all, that a comparatively large number of work steps are required to produce the scrap packs, and that the flattening of the pipes to form elbows with adjacent pipe walls results in a high degree of deformation resistance, which prevents the legs of the elbows from bending against one another impaired. It is therefore to be expected that the legs will spring open after the pressing process, which of course has an unfavorable effect on the space required for the scrap packages.

The invention is therefore based on the object to improve a scrap press of the type described with simple means so that the resulting sheet bundles can not only be pressed flat, but can also be folded without any special effort to obtain volume-favorable press packages that have a high degree of filling ensure the scrap hoppers.

The invention achieves the stated object in that the die is rotatably mounted in the press frame about a horizontal axis running in the longitudinal direction of its two mutually angled longitudinal walls and is pivotable between two rotational positions in which the bisector of the opening angle of the die recess is approximately in the stroke direction of the press ram or runs approximately perpendicular to it.

By pivoting the die around an axis running in the longitudinal direction of the recess, it is achieved that the sheet to be scrapped can be pressed together in the same press in two mutually transverse directions. The sheet metal to be scrapped is first pressed into the sector-shaped recess of the die, whereby it takes on a V-shaped shape, regardless of whether it is a sheet metal sheet or a sheet metal bundle. The sheet metal bundle is namely buckled and pressed flat by the press die pressed against the die, the V-shaped shape which is required for the subsequent folding being achieved by pressing the pressed-in bundles against the walls of the die recess. For this purpose, the die is pivoted through an angle of approximately 90 °, so that during the new press stroke the two legs of the V-shaped sheet are pressed against each other and folded into a flat package. Care must of course be taken here that the press ram can be moved past the wall of the recess pointing upwards after the die pivoting against the upstanding leg of the V-shaped sheet, which is ensured in a simple manner by a correspondingly short recess wall.

Since there is a die rotation position for the pre-pressing of the sheet metal, in which the bisector of the opening angle of the die recess extends approximately in the stroke direction of the press die, the press die also engages radially on the sheet metal collar to be pressed in, which thus remains essentially without torque load and consequently securely in the die recess is recorded, which would not be the case with an eccentric load.

To ensure that there is no swiveling of the die over the press ram causing bearing forces, the axis of rotation of the die is advantageously placed in the area of the stroke of the press ram.

The storage of the die must on the one hand be able to absorb the considerable press forces and on the other hand ensure the pivotability of the die. In order to meet these two requirements, the die can be mounted on spring-supported guide rollers in the press frame and can be pressed against a support surface of the press frame by the press ram against the force of the roller support springs. The pressure load on the rotary bearing is thus kept low because the press pressure can be transmitted directly to a support surface of the press frame. The support springs of the guide rollers only have to be so strong that they can lift the die with the sheet from the support surface to avoid sliding friction. Whether the guide rollers are mounted on the die and roll on guideways of the frame or whether the rollers supported on the frame run on tracks of the die is of secondary importance and will generally depend on the design conditions. With such a matrix mounting, one is also not limited to an axis of rotation fixed to the frame, because the guideways can also have courses deviating from a circular shape.

If, however, an axis of rotation fixed to the frame is provided, it is advantageous if the support surface is arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation of the die, because in such a case the same support conditions are given for both rotational positions of the die.

When folding the V-shaped sheet pressed inevitably there are force components in the direction of the lower wall of the recess on the sheet, so that there is a risk that the sheet is pressed out of the die by the press ram during the final pressing. To prevent this, a stop for the free leg end of the sheet already pre-pressed in a V-shape in the other die rotation position is provided in the die rotation position with the bisector of the recess approximately transverse to the stroke direction of the press die in the region of the lower wall of the recess. Such a stop is absolutely necessary if the V-shaped pre-pressed sheet is to slide a little in the pivoted die position along the lower wall of the recess in order to obtain the most favorable point of attack for the press die for the final pressing of the sheet. To set this point of application of the press ram on the upstanding leg of the V-shaped sheet pressed, the stop can also be arranged adjustable.

If in the die rotation position with the bisector of the die recess that runs approximately transversely to the stroke direction of the press ram, a sloping sliding surface connects to the lower wall of the recess and the stop can be lowered, the finished pressed sheet can be removed very simply from the scrap press, because for this purpose only the stop is to be sunk. Because of the force of gravity, the finished pressed sheet slips from the die recess onto the sloping sliding surface and is passed on accordingly by the latter. To automate the unloading process of the press, the sliding surface can be arranged on a trolley which can be moved transversely to the axis of rotation of the die and by means of which the pressed scrap packages are moved to the scrap trough. The deposit in the scrap trough can be carried out without great effort if the stop is formed by at least two double-armed levers mounted at the same axis in the trolley, which at their end facing away from the die carry retaining lugs for the finished pressed sheet that can be lowered into the sliding surface. When lowering the stop by a corresponding pivoting of the double-armed lever, the holding lugs moved in opposite directions are pivoted forward over the sliding surface according to this arrangement, so that the finished pressed sheet reaches the sliding surface and slides down to the holding lugs. After the carriage has been moved, the levers are pivoted in order to lower the retaining lugs, which results in the scrap packages sliding off the carriage. At the same time, the stop preventing the sheets to be pressed from escaping from the die is pivoted upwards and becomes effective after the trolley has been moved back. By simply swiveling the double-armed lever, two work processes can be controlled.

In order to be able to effectively detect different sheet widths with the stop, several levers distributed in the longitudinal direction of the die are necessary. If the scrap press is only used for a single width range, you can reach it with only two levers in the area of the two long sides.

As has been found, the best folding results are obtained, in particular in the case of a swiveling press ram, when the sheet layers of one leg lie next to one another as gap-free as possible during the pre-pressing of the sheet metal bundles. This can be ensured in that the opening angle of the recess of the die is larger than the opening angle of the correspondingly shaped press ram, wherein in the pressing position a flank of the press ram runs parallel to a wall of the recess.

• Fig. 1-5 eine erfindungsgemäße Schrottpresse in verschiedenen Arbeitsstellungen jeweils im Querschnitt,
• Fig. das Drehlager für die Matrize in Seitenansicht in einem größeren Maßstab und
• Fig. 7 einen Schnitt nach der Linie VII-VII der Fig.6, jedoch wiederum in einem größeren Maßstab.

In the drawing, the subject matter of the invention is shown in simplified form in one embodiment. It shows the

• 1-5 a scrap press according to the invention in different working positions, each in cross section,
• Fig. The pivot bearing for the die in side view on a larger scale and
• Fig. 7 is a section along the line VII-VII of Figure 6, but again on a larger scale.

The scrap press shown essentially consists of a frame 1 which carries the press ram 2 on pivotable arms 3. These arms 3 are pivoted via hydraulic cylinders (not shown), the press ram 2 interacting with a die. The die 4 has a recess 5 and is rotatably mounted in the press frame 1 about a horizontal axis running in the longitudinal direction of the recess 5. For this purpose, the die 4 is supported on guide rollers 6, which roll in guide rails 7 shaped according to a circular path on lateral cheeks 8 of the die 4. The guide rollers 6 are slidably inserted with respect to the guide rails 7 radial guides 9 and are loaded by a plate spring assembly 10, so that the die 4 is lifted in the rest position of the press from a concentrically arranged to the axis of rotation of the die support surface 11 against which it a load is pressed by the press ram 2. This ensures, on the one hand, a simple rotary mounting of the die and, on the other hand, ensures that the press forces applied during the working stroke of the press ram 2 are transferred to the press frame 1 without any particular bearing load. For this purpose, the die 4 has a cylindrical peripheral surface.

In order to be able to load the scrap press easily, a loading trough 12 is pivotably articulated on the press frame 1, from which the metal bundles 13 to be compressed are tilted into the die recess 5, as is indicated in FIG. 1. The die 4 is in a rotational position in which the bisector of the opening angle of its recess 5 extends approximately in the stroke direction of the press ram. During the subsequent working stroke of the press ram 2, the sheet collar 13 lying in the recess 5 is therefore pressed in radially and pressed flat against the walls of the die recess 5, as shown in FIG. 2. Since the axis of rotation of the die 4 lies in the region of the stroke of the press die 2, a torque load on the die is largely prevented, so that special stops for this rotational position of the die are unnecessary. The frictional forces that occur are sufficient to absorb the existing torque.

As is clear from FIG. 2, the opening angle of the recess 5 is larger than the opening angle of the correspondingly shaped press ram, the press ram 2 lying in the pressing position with a flank parallel to a wall 14 of the recess 5. This has the consequence that the sheet metal layers of the leg of the V-shaped sheet metal collar 13 which is located between the wall 14 'and the press die 2 are in any case close to one another, which facilitates the further folding of the pressed sheet. In this context, one must also take into account that the stroke of the press ram 2 does not run in a straight line as a result of the storage via swivel arms 3.

2, the die 4 is pivoted into a rotational position in which the bisector of the opening angle of the die recess 5 extends approximately transversely to the stroke direction of the press die, as shown in FIG. 3 . This rotational position, which is determined by a stop 15 fixed to the frame, causes the pivoted, V-shaped, pressed sheet metal now to slide along the lower wall 14 of the recess 5 to a stop 16, which is supported by two axially mounted in a trolley 17, double-armed Lever 18 is formed. In the case of a second working stroke of the press ram 2, it engages the protruding leg of the V-shaped sheet metal collar 13 and folds it into a space-saving scrap package according to FIG. 4. The stop 16 prevents the coil 13 from sliding out of the recess 5.

The unloading of the scrap press is carried out by the trolley 17, which can be moved transversely to the recess 5 and has a sliding surface 19 which connects to the die recess 5 when the trolley is not extended and receives the finished pressed sheet when the stop 16 is pivoted by pivoting the lever 18 is sunk. So that the sheet cannot slide off the sliding surface 19, the levers 18 have at their end remote from the die 4 holding lugs 20 which protrude above the sliding surface 19 when the stop 16 is lowered and are sunk into the sliding surface 19 when the stop 16 is raised. After the stop 16 has been lowered, the finished pressed sheet metal package slides onto the trolley 17 via its sliding surface 19 up to the retaining lugs 20 and, as is indicated by dash-dotted lines in FIG. 5, can be conveyed away from the press to a scrap trough 21, where it is dropped by sinking the retaining lugs 20 into the trough 21.

For the compression of a new sheet metal bundle, the trolley 17 only has to be reset and the die 4 swiveled back into its starting position. Although the press shown is particularly suitable for compressing rolled sheets, it is not restricted to this area of use. Sheet metal sheets can also be folded easily using this scrap press.

Claims (9)

1. A scrap press for compacting particularly coiled sheet metal elements (13) comprising a die (4), which is mounted in a press frame and receives the sheet metal elements in a recess, and a press punch (2), which is adapted to be forced against the recess (5) in the die, characterized in that the die (4) is mounted in the press frame (1) for rotation about a horizontal axis, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the recess (5), which has two longitudinal boundary surfaces, which include an angle with each other, the die is pivotally movable between two angular positions, and the bisector of the included angle of the recess (5) in the die extends approximately in the direction in which the press punch (2) is displaceable in one of said positions and approximately transversely thereto in the other of said positions.

2. A scrap press according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of rotation of the die (4) is disposed adjacent to the path along which the press punch (2) is displaceable.

3. A scrap press according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the die (4) is mounted in the press frame (1) on resiliently supported guiding rollers (6) and is adapted to be forced against a backing surface (11) of the press frame (1) by the press punch (2) against the force of the roller-supporting springs (10).

4. A scrap press according to claim 3, characterized in that the backing surface (11) is concentric to the axis of rotation of the die (4).

5. A scrap press according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a stop (16) is provided, when the die is in the angular position in which the angle bisector of the recess (5) extends approximately transversely to the direction in which the press punch (2) is disposed adjacent to the lower boundary surface (14) of the recess and is engageable with the free leg end of the sheet metal element (13) which has previously been precompacted to a V-shape when the die was in the other angular position.

6. A scrap press according to claim 5, characterized in that a sloping sliding surface (19) is provided, which adjoins the lower boundary (14) of the recess and is engageable with the completely compacted sheet metal element (13) when the die is in the angular position in which the angle bisector of the recess (5) in the die extends approximately transversely to the direction in which the press ram (2) is displaceable, and that the stop (16) is adapted to be retracted.

7. A scrap press according to claim 6, characterized in that the sliding surface (19) is provided on a transport truck (17), which is movable transversely to the axis of rotation of the die (4).

8. A scrap press according to claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the stop (16) consists of at least two double-armed levers (18), which are coaxially mounted in the transport truck (17) and which at their end remote from the die (4) carry noses (20) for retaining the completely compacted sheet metal element (13), which noses are adapted to be retracted into the sliding surface (19).

9. A scrap press according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the included angle of the recess (5) in the die (4) is larger than the included angle of the correspondingly shaped press punch (2) and one side face of the press punch (2) is parallel to one boundary surface (14) of the recess (5).

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