EP0015460B1 - Bearing element for reinforced concrete floors or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Support member for reinforced concrete floors (13) or similar to be carried by rising brick-built or concrete walls, characterised by one or two inner through-shaped shells (2 or 15) to be inserted in support crevices provided between the pilasters (23) in the rising wall, and an outer shell (1 or 14), either through-shaped or in the form of a frame, which with their open sides face towards the ceiling or similar and between the inner and outer shells there is accommodated an elastic filling (3 or 6).

Description

The invention relates to a support element for reinforced concrete ceilings and corresponding ceiling constructions in rising brick or concrete walls.

Reinforced concrete ceilings and corresponding ceiling constructions are stored in rising walls by creating horizontal slots in the walls, into which the ceilings are non-positively concreted.

Under unfavorable conditions, such as B. with wide-span ceilings, with low loads from the rising walls, missing or faulty post-treatment by keeping the ceiling concrete moist in the warm season and under similar conditions known to the person skilled in the art, due to the different physical behavior of concrete and masonry on the one hand and ceilings and walls on the other hand, there are constraining tensions in the walls, which often lead to the dreaded wall cracks. It is known to glue slide films and elastic plate material into the support slots in order to avoid this crack damage, in order to prevent the rigid integration of the solid ceilings and instead to achieve all-round mobility in the support slot, or - see DE-A1 2 552 261 - cuboid support bodies made of deformable material.

It is also known that such solid ceiling supports created at the construction site can only cause damage-causing constraints in the walls if there are no contact bridges in their areas. However, this depends on a particularly careful execution. If one of these is neglected, the resulting contact bridges render the separating joints between solid ceilings and wall supports or between reinforced concrete ceilings lying on a wall ineffective. The resulting structural damage is also known and e.g. noticeable in horizontal cracks in the outer walls. These cracks cause rainwater to penetrate, soaking the interior and creating black fungi under the ceiling supports.

Here, the invention seeks to remedy this by creating a support element as characterized in the claims.

The invention thus solves the problem of making the manufacture of an elastic ceiling support independent of the particular conscientiousness of the construction workers involved, and of forming the ceiling supports without continuous wall slots, but only in support niches with wall pillars in between, in which the support elements are walled in according to the invention.

The advantages achieved by the invention consist essentially in the fact that between the two horizontally nested trough-shaped shells an elastic filling material can be encapsulated in a tight and non-destructive manner so that there is sufficient all-round movement of the inner trough which forms the ceiling support. This ensures the transfer of the support forces to the walls and the statically elastic connection between the walls and ceilings. The formation of contact bridges is excluded.

The outer cross-sectional and length dimensions of the support element according to the invention can be matched to standardized wall dimensions.

Since the upper plate of the outer shell can be reinforced by beads and, if necessary, by an additional edging, the support element according to the invention is able to absorb the freshly bricked wall layers statically until the mortar has hardened without any disturbing deformation. The loads to be subsequently applied from the rising walls are transferred to the wall pillars in between by means of proven wall layers above the support elements according to the invention.

By designing the cover plate and the rear wall with beads, not only is the support element stabilized, but also its frictional interlocking with the surrounding masonry.

The longitudinal bead in the base plate of the outer shell creates a non-positive connection between the support element and the mortar joint of the support and also centers the support load from the solid ceiling in a statically favorable manner.

Since a slide film is preferably arranged between the two base plates of the outer and inner support shell, horizontal displacements of the ceiling in the wall are possible with only slight frictional resistance. A horizontal elastic interlocking of the ceiling transversely to the support masonry can be achieved by a gradation in the base plate of the inner and outer shell and an intermediate rubber strip.

If elastic, sound and heat-insulating material is placed between the shell walls, then noise and heat bridges can be avoided in the ceiling supports.

Since a plastic with a high vapor barrier effect can be selected as the shell material, condensate formation between the shells, i.e. prevent in the filler material, so that the insulation effect of the same cannot be lost.

Another advantage is the absolute watertightness of the support element according to the invention, so that driving rain water cannot get inside in the support area of the ceiling.

In the case of ceiling supports separated by an expansion joint in a rising inner wall, the support element according to the invention can also be designed on both sides. Here, too, the two inner shells can be separated from the outer shell, but also from each other by elastic, sound and heat-insulating filler material. With this arrangement it is possible to form the bilateral deck supports under each floor ceiling without the masonry being affected by any change in the shape of the ceiling, e.g. caused by creep and shrinkage of the concrete or due to thermal changes in length, receives constraining forces that can produce the known wall cracks. Factory-made reinforcement cages can be used for the support areas of the reinforced concrete slabs, which, during installation, ensure compliance with the static regulations for the ceiling reinforcement in the area of the support elements according to the invention without special manual care.

• Fig. 1 einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein Mauerwerk und einen Deckenkonstruktionsteil unter Verwendung eines erfindungsgemässen Auflagerelementes, wobei Fig. 1a und 1b grösser herausgezeichnete Ausschnitte zur Verdeutlichung der Abdeckplatten und der Bodenplatten der beiden Schalen wiedergeben und Fig. 1 ausserdem einen Schnitt längs der Linie A-A der Fig. 2 und 3 darstellt;
• Fig. 2 einen Längsschnitt längs der Linie B-B der Fig. 1 und 3;
• Fig. 3 einen Horizontalschnitt längs der Linie C-C der Fig. 1 und 2;
• Fig. 4 einen Vertikalschnitt durch das Mauerwerk mit eingesetztem Auflagerelement gemäss einer zweiten Ausführungsform und im wesentlichen einen Schnitt längs der Linie D-D der Fig. 5 darstellend;
• Fig. einen Horizontalschnitt längs der Linie E-E der Fig. 4.

In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings that show exemplary embodiments only. It shows

• 1 shows a vertical section through masonry and a ceiling construction part using a support element according to the invention, with FIGS. 1a and 1b showing larger cutouts to clarify the cover plates and the base plates of the two shells, and FIG. 1 also shows a section along the line AA in FIG 2 and 3;
• 2 shows a longitudinal section along the line BB of Figures 1 and 3.
• 3 shows a horizontal section along the line CC of FIGS. 1 and 2;
• 4 shows a vertical section through the masonry with an inserted support element according to a second embodiment and essentially a section along the line DD of FIG. 5;
• FIG. 4 shows a horizontal section along the line EE of FIG. 4.

1 and the associated FIGS. 1a and 1b as well as FIGS. 2 and 3 show the outer shell 1, the inner shell 2 and an elastic filling material 3 between the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 2. The outer shell 1 has horizontal longitudinal beads 4, vertical beads 5 and a horizontal longitudinal bead 6. The inner shell 2 is provided with a longitudinal bead 7. The outer shell also has an upper edge fold 8.

To reduce the frictional resistance on the load-bearing surface, a sliding film 9 is provided between the base plates of the inner and outer shell, as can be seen particularly clearly from FIG. 1. At 10 you can see horizontal rubber end strips and at 11 vertical rubber end strips for tight, non-destructive and displacement-free encapsulation of the filling material 3. A rubber strip 12 between the beads 6 and 7 in the base plate of the two shells 1 and 2 serves for the elastic, static connection of the outer wall to the ceiling 13.

The embodiment of FIGS. 4 and 5 is a double-sided support element. An outer shell 14 and two inner shells 15 can be seen. Between the shells, elastic filling material 16 is encapsulated again in a completely sealed and non-destructive manner. The outer shell 14 is provided with longitudinal beads 17 and 18 and with bevelled edges 19. A slide film 20 is provided between the base plates of the shells 14 and 15 to reduce the frictional resistance on the load transfer surface.

Horizontal rubber end strips 21 and vertical rubber end strips 22 are used for tight, non-destructive and displacement-free encapsulation of the filling material 16.

A vertical masking 24 is provided on the brick intermediate pillars 23 to form a gap between the solid ceiling 13 and the intermediate pillars 23.

Claims (6)

1. Support member for reinforced concrete floors (13) or similar to be carried by rising brick-built or concrete walls, characterised by one or two inner through-shaped shells (2 or 15) to be inserted in support crevices provided between the pilasters (23) in the rising wall, and an outer shell (1 or 14), either through-shaped or in the form of a frame, which with their open sides face towards the ceiling or similar and between the inner and outer shells there is accommodated an elastic filling (3 or 6).
2. 2. Support member according to claim 1, characterised by the fact that the filling (3 or 16) at the end of the shells set one inside the other (1 or 14 and 2 or 15) which faces away from the wall is covered by sealing strips.
3. 3. Support member according to claim 1 or 2, characterised by the fact that the outer shell (1; 14) is provided with reinforcing seams (4, 5; 17).
4. 4. Support member according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by the fact that a flange (7) running in the same direction as the wall is provided in the base plate of the inner shell (2).
5. 5. Support member according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by the fact that a flange (6) running in the same direction as the wall is provided in the base plate of the outer shell (1).
6. 6. Support member according to claims 4 and 5, characterised by the fact that the above- mentioned flanges (6, 7) provided in the base plates are set one against the other and a batten (12) is provided between them.

Images