EP0015335A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Einbringen körniger Stoffe in Metallschmelzen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Einbringen körniger Stoffe in Metallschmelzen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0015335A1
EP0015335A1 EP79300372A EP79300372A EP0015335A1 EP 0015335 A1 EP0015335 A1 EP 0015335A1 EP 79300372 A EP79300372 A EP 79300372A EP 79300372 A EP79300372 A EP 79300372A EP 0015335 A1 EP0015335 A1 EP 0015335A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
passage
particles
bath
addition
lance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP79300372A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Norman Beresford
Joseph Eric Dalton
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DUPORT STEELS Ltd
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DUPORT STEELS Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DUPORT STEELS Ltd filed Critical DUPORT STEELS Ltd
Priority to EP79300372A priority Critical patent/EP0015335A1/de
Publication of EP0015335A1 publication Critical patent/EP0015335A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0037—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 by injecting powdered material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
    • C21C2007/0012—Lead

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of, and apparatus for, making additions of particles to a bath of molten metal.
  • the invention is particularly concerned with making additions of large dense particles as herein defined.
  • large dense particles we mean particles having a maximum dimension of not less than 0.25 mm and a density of not less than 4.5 gm/cc. Examples of such particles include lead shot, ferroboron, bismuth/lead alloy, calcium/barium alloy, ferroselenium, copper telluride, ferrochrome, ferromanganese. These particles may be produced by grinding or gas atomisation, casting or other means.
  • the particles are accelerated to a velocity lying in the range 2750 cm/secto 3650 cm/sec.
  • the particles may be accelerated by a fluid medium.
  • Additions may be introduced into the bath at a speed greater than that at which the accompanying fluid is introduced into the bath.
  • the addition and fluid may be introduced through a nozzle of a lance immersed in the bath or a nozzle of a port provided in a wall of a vessel in which the bath is contained.
  • the particulate material may be accelerated in an accelerating means located above the molten bath, the particulate material being projected into the bath through the metal surface which may be slag covered.
  • the particulate material When a lance or port is provided the particulate material may be accelerated within the lance or port by a gas to such a velocity that the particles pass through the bubbles of the gas formed in the bath.
  • the particulate material may be either ejected from the surface of the bath as the bubbles burst on reaching the surface or the particles may melt and fuse together thus giving rise to an uneven distribution in the molten metal.
  • the gas may be ejected from the nozzle at such a pressure as to prevent the metal entering the nozzle as well as at such a rate as to eject the particulate material into the region of the bath agitated by the gas.
  • the gas is at the minimum pressure to prevent metal entering into the nozzle whilst achieving the desired amount of particulate material discharge.
  • the lance may have a delivery nozzle at one end of the lance, a passage for additions extending longitudinally of the lance from the nozzle to the other end of the lance and said method may include the step of supplying addition to the passage at said other end of the lance and accelerating the additional particles by an accelerating means in the lance.
  • the particles may be accelerated by a gas in an accelerating means comprising a primary diverging passage for the particulate material downstream of a restricted throat and at least one secondary passage for admitting secondary fluid through the diverging passage at or downstream of the throat so that, in use, as fluid under pressure enters the diverging passage it expands and accelerates the particulate material.
  • the longitudinal axis of the or each secondarly passage preferably has a component extending in the direction of flow of the particulate material.
  • Four secondary passages may be provided at equiangularly spaced positions about the axis of the primary passage.
  • the pressure of gas in the secondary passage or passages may lie in the range 7.0 kg/sqm to 15.0 kg/sq. cm.
  • the flow rate of gas in the secondary passage or passages may lie in the range 12.5 litres per second to 25.0 litres per second.
  • the pressure of gas in the primary passage may lie in the range 4.0 kg/sq cm to 10.0 kg/sq cm.
  • the flow rate of gas in the primary passage may lie in the range 1.6 litres per second to 8.5 litres per second.
  • the invention has been developed to make additions, to a molten steel bath, of lead which is dense and normally in theform of lead shot having for example a maximum dimension of about 0.5 to 1.0 mm and a particle density of 11.3 gm/cc and a bult density of 7.93 gm/cc.
  • the invention has wider application and can be used to make any desired addition which is in the form of large dense particles as herein defined to any desired molten metal and may be used to make the addition near the surface of the bath.
  • bath is intended to refer to any mass of molten metal including, for example, the molten metal in a furnace crucible ladle or mould.
  • the fluid envelopes the addition particles during its passage into the metal and thus prevents oxidation of the particles until they are introduced substantially in the metal.
  • an apparatus for making additions of particulate material to a bath of molten metal comprising a passage for the addition material, a discharge nozzle at one end of the passage, means to connect the other end of the passage to a supply of addition, means to connect a supply of fluid under pressure to the passage, the internal configuration of the passage being such that the addition material is accelerated, as a result of introduction of the fluid into the passage, to a velocity of not less than 2200 cm/s
  • the material is accelerated to a velocity lying in the range 2750 cm/sec to 3650 cm/sec
  • Said discharge nozzle may be adapted,-in use, to be located above the surface of a bath of molten metal so as to project the particulate material into the bath through the metal surface which may be covered by a layer of slag.
  • the nozzle may be adapted, in use to be located at the end of a port in the wall of the vessel in which the bath is contained.
  • the nozzle may be adapted in use, to be located at the end of a lance adapted, in use, to extend through the metal surface of a molten bath so that the particulate material is discharged from the nozzle at a desired location within the bath.
  • the passage may be formed to provide an accelerating means comprising a primary diverging passage for the particulate material downstream of a restricted throat and at least one secondary passage for admitting secondary fluid to the diverging passage at or downstream of the throat so that, in use, as fluid under pressure enters the diverging passage it expands and accelerates the particulate material.
  • the longitudinal axis of the or each secondary passage preferably has a component extending in the direction of flow of the particulate material.
  • the or each secondary passage may be inclined to the axis of the primary passage at an angle lying in the range 25 ° to 35 °.
  • the diameter of the throat may lie in the range 7.0 mm to 11.0mm.
  • the angle of divergence of the primary passage may lie in the range 4 to 10 °.
  • the diameter of the or each secondary passage may lie in the range 1.00mm to 2.00 mm.
  • the lance may comprise a central tube on which a plurality of refractory sleeves are assembled with a biasing means providing an end load to the assembly of sleeves.
  • the central tube may be provided with a fixed abutment at its lower end and the biasing means being provided adjacent the upper end of the tube so as to bias the refractory sleeves against the fixed abutment.
  • the refractory sleeves have annular or substantially annular abutting faces.
  • the end of the nozzle is counterbored to provide a relatively large cross section recess concentric with the passage of the nozzle. Due to the relatively large recess if there is any tendency for the metal of the bath to become solidified and to form a skin the solidifying metal is not permitted to build up on the nozzle tip but is caused to be redistributed and hence remelted thereby avoiding any blockage of the nozzle.
  • a metering means may be provided to permit of adjustment of the flow rate of the addition.
  • the fluid under pressure to accelerate the particulate material may be introduced to the addition flow at or adjacent the metering means.
  • the metering means may comprise a replaceable metering spool comprising a passage, a first part of which provides.a metering tube and other parts of which provides a metering tube and other parts of which providing said restricted throat and primary diverging passage as well as the or each secondary passage.
  • the addition may be supplied from a reservoir fixed to the other end of the lance and the reservoir is preferably a sealable pressure vessel provided with means for connecting the interior of the vessel to a supply of inert gas, or other fluid under pressure.
  • the reservoir may be removably fixed to the other end of the lance preferably by means of a quick release coupling.
  • the reservoir may be provided with a shut-off valve operable to interrupt the flow of addition from the reservoir.
  • the metering means may be located between the reservoir and said other end of the lance.
  • the metering means may be provided in a holder body, the lance being connected to one end of the body and the reservoir being fixed to the other end of the body.
  • the holder body may be provided with a throughbore for the passage of addition and the metering spool being mounted within the throughbore.
  • the holder body may be adapted to be engaged by a clamp or the like provided on a device operable to introduce the lance into a bath of molten metal to a desired depth.
  • the central tube may comprise a pair of concentric tubes.
  • the apparatus is indicated generally at 10 and comprises a lance 11, a holder body 12 and a reservoir 13.
  • Particles of addition for example, lead are loaded into the reservoir 13 and are forced therefrom by inert gas, as hereinafter to be described, through the holder body 12 and lance 11 to be introduced into a bath of molten steel from the lower end of the lance.
  • the lance 11 comprises a central tube 14 surrounded by a plurality of annular in cross section refractory sleeves 15.
  • the refractory sleeves 15 are preferably of the configuration shown in Figures 3 and 5 and it will be seen that, except for the top and bottom sleeves, they have a part-spherical upper and lower surface and indicated at 15a and 15b respectively which are preferably formed with a pair of part circular in cross section grooves 15c.
  • the central tube 14 comprises a thick wall hydraulic tube 16 located concentrically within an outer larger tube 17 of the same type.
  • the outside diameter of the tube 17 is such that it is a clearance fit within the central bore 18 of the refactory sleeves 15.
  • a solid bar 19 is welded, the solid bar being machined to the outside diameter of the tube 17 and threaded at its upper end as indicated at 20 to provide a screw connection with the lower end of the holder body 12.
  • the bar 19 is also internally threaded, as indicated at 21 to provide a threaded connection with the smaller diameter tube 16.
  • a lead-in is provided to this thread facilitating removal of the inner tube 16 should the lower end of the inner tube 16 be damaged whilst the outside tube 17 remains undamaged.
  • the outer tube 17 has welded to it a fitting 22 to permit attachment of a refactory nozzle end 23.
  • the fitting 22 is provided with a coarse rounded thread which is engaged with a corresponding thread provided on the nozzle end 23.
  • the fitting 22 and nozzle end 23 are bored to receive the central tube 16 with clearance.
  • a groove 24 is machined in the fitting 22 and receives a slotted washer 25 which is received in a rebate 26 formed in the lower end of the lower refractory sleeve 15.
  • a shouldered washer 27 is urged against the upper end of the uppermost sleeve 15 by means of a coil compression spring 28 the other end of which is engaged by a washer 29 engaged with a spring tensioning nut 30 threadedly engaged with the lower end of the holder body 12.
  • the above described arrangement of coil compression spring and tensioning nut 30 ensures that the refractory-sleeves 15 are secured in position whilst at the same time allowing for differential expansion between the refactory and the steel tubes 16 and 17.
  • Thelance can be built up either with the tubes 16 and 17 in place in the holder 12 by assembling the refractory sleeves 15 with the central tube 14, introducing the washer 25 into the groove 24 and then tightening the tensioning nut 30 followed by screwing on and claying the refractory nozzle end 23.
  • the lance can be built up by detaching the central tube 14 from the holder, in which case the nozzle end will be assembled first then the sleeves 15 and finally the washer 27 and spring 28.
  • the sleeves 15 are recessed at one end and at the other end carry a spigot.
  • the end which is recessed and has a spigot cemented into it is greatly weakened, and in the case of violent agitation, the end of the recess can break away and may take with it a major part of the sleeve.
  • the sleeves 15 are provided with the above mentioned slightly convex concave surfaces 15a and 15b. If desired however, the sleeves may have annular end surfaces as indicated at 15d in Figure 4 and may again be provided with concentric grooves 15 £ 0
  • the sleeves 15 are assembled with a compressible refactory fibre washer 31 therebetween, a fluid tight joint being made by the load of the spring 28 described above.
  • the washers originally of the shape shown in Figure 6 will be compressed to adopt the shape shown in Figure 7. Violent agitation of the lance will not break the sleeves since they are cushioned from each other by the refractory fibre washer 31.
  • the washers 31 of fibre refractory material should be of the same size internally as the outside diameter of the outer steel tube 17. Since refractory products are generally variable in size, a close fit of the sleeve on the tube 17 cannot be expected so that by ensuring that the fibre washer has an internal aperture of the same size or slightly smaller than the external diameter of the tube 17 then as the sleeves are tied together at each joint a fibre collar will exist in engagement with the outer tube 17 which will serve to insulate the sleeve from contact with or vibration of the tube.
  • the concavity desired above is not so great as to weaken the end but is sufficient to render impossible any chance of error in assembly.
  • the concave/convex end shape has the advantage that it takes care of any longitudinal flexing or bending of the lance.
  • the end of the nozzle is counterbored to provide a relatively large cross section recess 01 con- . centric with the passage of the lance and in addition the tube 16 is protected by cement 0 2 and is recessed well back from contact with the molten metal.
  • the holder 12 as briefly mentioned above, has at its lower end an internal screw thread with which the thread 20 on the upper end of the bar 19 is engaged and a lock nut 32 is provided to lock the threaded connection between the bar 19 and the holder 12.
  • the holder 12 is machined from solid bar and has at its upper end a large diameter flange type quick release attachment 33 which mates with an interrupted flange 34 provided on the bottom of the reservoir 13 as hereinafter to be described.
  • the central part of the holder is machined to fit inside a clamp 35 provided on an arm 36 connected to a raising and lowering mechanism whereby the lance can be introduced into and removed from a bath of molten steel.
  • the clamp comprises a fixed part 37 connected to the arm 36 and a movable part 38 which is pivotally mounted on the part 36 for pivotal movement about a vertical axis and is provided with an abutment 38a adapted to be engaged by a pivoted latch 39 so that when the latch 39 is in the position shown in the drawing the clamp parts 38 and 37 are urged towards each other and grip the central part 40 of the holder body 12.
  • the parts of the clamp 37 and a38 which engage the holder body are formed with part cylindrical surfaces of a diameter to co-operate with the cylindrical surfaces of the part 40.
  • the catch 39 is provided with the lever 41 to permit of its engagement with the abutment 38a.
  • a safety'device is provided to ensure that the catch 39 is locked in its lance holding position.
  • the hdder body 12 is bored from end to end to provide a passage 42 for the addition material.
  • the diameter of the majority of the passage 42 may be greater or smaller than shown in the drawing or could be considerably larger and be provided with interchangeable sleeves to permit of ready adjustment of the passage diameter.
  • the sleeves may be hardened as, of course, may be the holder itself when no sleeves are provided.
  • the passage 42 is provided with a counterbore 43 in an enlarged diameter part 44 of the holder body.
  • the counterbore 43 is provided with a replaceable metering spool 45 provided with seals in the form of O-rings 46 and having a cylindrical stepped counterbored passage 43.
  • An annular recess 47 is provided in the surface of the metering spool 45 and a radial passage 48 extends through the wall of-the enlarged diameter part 44 of the holder body 12 and communicates with a quick release coupling 49 for connection to a supply of inert gas under pressure such as argon.
  • the metering spool 45 has an internal passage 50 having a first passage part 51 which provides a metering tube and a second, diverging passage part 52 which provides an accelerating tube. Between the parts 51 and 52 are provided a plurality, for example, four inclined passages 53 which extend from the annular recess 47 and provide a feed for argon to the interior of the passage 50.
  • the passages in the present example have a diameter 0.061 inch if an argon pressure of 6 atmospheres is us.ed and a diameter of 0.078 inch if an argon pressure of 3 atmospheres is used. The result is an argon velocity of 320 m/sec.
  • the spool is made of hard steel finely finished and is easily exhange- able to provide different diameters of passage in accordance with the addition material to be added using the apparatus.
  • the diamter, D,of the metering tube is related to the maximum particle dimension, d, by the expression D> .
  • the flow rate of the addition material may be varied as may be the acceleration imparted to the addition particles by the argon introduced via the quick release coupling 49 thereby adjusting the time required for addition and the rate at which the addition material can be assimilated into the molten steel.
  • the argon may be introduced at any location between the reservoir 13 and the upper end of the lance 11 and any device may be provided that operates on a venturi or similar action and which separates the addition particles and increases their energy by acceleration.
  • the reservoir 13 is connected to the upper end of the holder body 12 by means of the flange connection 33.
  • This connection comprises a lower abutment surface 40a surrounded by an upstanding flange 54 at the upper end of which three inwardly extending lips 55 are provided each having an opening 56 and a locking pin 56a
  • the reservoir 13 has an extension piece 58, a lower end surface 59 of which abuts the surface 40a of the holder body and has three outwardly projecting tongues 60 of such configuration that the reservoir and holder body can be assembed together by introducing the tongues 60 into the spaces 61 between the lips 55, as shown in fullline in Figure 2, and then rotating the reservoir to the dotted line position shown in Figure 2 so that the tongues 60 lie beneath the lips 55 and the pin 56a is then introduced into any desired one of the apertures 56 to lock the reservoir and holder in the above described relative position the tongues 60 having semi-circular recesses 62 to receive the pin 56a.
  • a conical part 63 of the reservoir Fixed to the upper end of the extension piece 58 is a conical part 63 of the reservoir, at the upper end of the part 63 is welded a cylindrical part 64 and the reservoir is closed by a cover 65.
  • the cover 65 is provided with a lifting eye 66, a filler plug 67 through which additional material may be introduced into the reservoir and a quick release coupling 68 for connection to a supply of inert gas such as argon under pressure.
  • inert gas such as argon under pressure
  • a rotary shut-off valve 69 comprising a rotatable cylindrical plug 70 with a diametric passage 71. Remote control means are provided to permit rotation of the plug 70.
  • flow of addition material into the melt can be interrupted if desired.
  • the vessel is of robust construction and is tested to pressures well above that for normal working. In the example described the reservoir is approximately of 3 cubit feet capacity and easily contains 900 lb of material weighing 498 lbs. per cubic ft.
  • the reservoir 13 is mounted direct upon the lance the particulate material passes through only a short distance before entering the metering spool and being accelerated. This avoids problems which would be encountered if the reservoir were at a location remote from the lance and had to be fed through the lance through a relatively long path such as along a flexible conduit.
  • a perforated frusto conical member 80 is provided within a lower part of the reservoir.
  • the member 80 may be pierced with holes or slots, or be so arrangedas to be surrounded by an annular space between itself and the sides of the vessel.
  • the drawing shows a series of semi-circular holes H about the outside edge. The holes are so arranged that the cone can never be completely filled by lead shot.
  • the sizes of holes or openings are decided so that the maximum flow thxugh the holes by gravity alone must exceed the expected maximum delivery in the course of the injection process.This mixing space cannot become empty until all the charge has been passed through.
  • a source of gas under pressureequal to that applied in the remainder of the reservoir is introduced into the reservoir beneath the plate 80 in this example by means of a tube 81 connecting the space above the charge with extreme lower end of the reservoir equalising the pressure below the mass of the charge with that which exist in the open space above.
  • the tube is long enough for its upper end to stand well above the level which the maximum charge reaches in the vessel whilst at its lower end it finishes in the member 80 welded across the narrowing end of the reservoir so as to equalise the pressure on the particles at the bottom of the reservoir. This permits correct flow of particles from the reservoir.
  • addition material to be added to molten steel is introduced through the plug 67 into the interior of the reservoir 13.
  • the quick release couplings 68 and 49 are connected to a supply of inert gas under pressure such as argon.
  • 60 kg of lead per minute (equal to 0.0051 cubic metres/min) are added for 6 minutes.
  • the velocity applied to the lead particles is a product of three functions:-
  • the lance is approximately 16 ft (49 m) long so that the dwell time of the lead after the accelerator would be approximately 0.168 seconds.
  • the velocity due to gravity acceleration will be about 5 ft/second (152 cm/sec).
  • the velocity at the lance end will be, therefore, 100 ft second (3048 cm sec.
  • the as flowing velocity of the argon is about 60 ft/second (1830 cm/sec) so that V in the equation will be 40 ft/second (1220 cm/sec). This equates to 0.12 ft 1bs sec 2 an infinitesimal retarding force against the accelerating forces.
  • the parameters are chosen to ensure that the addition particles leave the nozzle at such a speed that they areprojected through the bubbles of gas formed in the melt by the argon. If this were not the case then the particles would be carried to the surface in the bubbles and be ejected from the surface when the bubbles burst at the surface and/or particles would conglomerate together aid fume thus leading to uneven distribution of the addition in the melt.
  • the amount of argon leaving the lance is arranged so as to be the minimum necessary to prevent molten metal entering the nozzle whilst at the same time providing adequate acceleration to the addition particles.
  • the accelerating medium may be any suitable gas and whilst it will generally be an inert gas if for any particular metal or metal making operation a reactive gas is required then a reactive gas may be used. Also the process may be used to introduce any desired particulate addition as hereindefined into any desired molten metal.
  • the invention has been described hereinbefore as applied in particular to a lance the nozzle of which is located adjacent the bottom of the bath, if desired the lance may be utilised to introduce additives into the bath at any desired depth.
  • the invention may be applied to an apparatus having an injection nozzle in the form of a port in the vessel in which the bath is maintained or an apparatus having an injection nozzle which is located, in use, above the surface of the bath so that the particles are propelled through the surface of the metal at the top of the bath.
  • the argon pressure will in any case be above the ferrostatic pressure obtaining at the nozzle location in any particular case.
  • the metering means may be disposed at a location separate from the accelerating means.
  • the metering spool used is chosen in accordance with the material to be added and the desired addition rate. Also as described previously the refractory material of the nozzle and the sleeves can be replaced conveniently as necessary as may be the inner tube 16 if its lower end becomes damaged.
  • the lance holder body and reservoir 13 When the lance holder body and reservoir 13 have been assembled together as described hereinbefore they comprise a single unit which can be easily and conveniently attached to a manipulating device, such as the arm 36 by the clamp 35.
  • the bath is agitated and turbulence is set up in the bath and the addition is introduced into the turbulent region of the bath so that it is distributed uniformly.
  • addition and fluid may be introduced through more than one nozzle at the same time and if desired additional or other fluid may be introduced through a separate nozzle at the same time as the addition is made.
  • the additions may be introduced into the bath by any desired means.
  • the particles may be accelerated to the desired speed by any desired means including, for example, any mechanical projecting means or an explosive projecting means as well as that described hereinbefore using a venturi injector.
  • An apparatus according to the other aspect of the invention can be used to inject particles other than large dense particles.
  • particles of calcium carbide or calcium silicide for example, particles of calcium carbide or calcium silicide.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
EP79300372A 1979-03-12 1979-03-12 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Einbringen körniger Stoffe in Metallschmelzen Withdrawn EP0015335A1 (de)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP79300372A EP0015335A1 (de) 1979-03-12 1979-03-12 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Einbringen körniger Stoffe in Metallschmelzen

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EP79300372A EP0015335A1 (de) 1979-03-12 1979-03-12 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Einbringen körniger Stoffe in Metallschmelzen

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7448095B1 (en) 2007-01-12 2008-11-11 Itshak T Agaeliaho Time tub

Citations (12)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB320391A (en) * 1928-06-12 1929-10-14 Pneumatic Conveyance & Extract Improvements in apparatus for pneumatic conveyance of solid materials
GB748474A (en) * 1952-12-09 1956-05-02 Air Reduction Improvements in method and apparatus for introducing solid materials into molten metal
US2807508A (en) * 1954-05-03 1957-09-24 Union Carbide Corp Powder dispenser
GB792192A (en) * 1954-06-03 1958-03-19 Ledloy Ltd Improvements in or relating to the addition of alloying elements and other substances to steel and other metals
DE1035907B (de) * 1955-08-25 1958-08-07 Paul Menzen Dr Ing Vorrichtung zur Einbringung feinteiliger Feststoffe in fluessiges Metall
US2891782A (en) * 1956-02-10 1959-06-23 Air Reduction Concentric-hopper batch-feeder
GB841350A (en) * 1957-11-29 1960-07-13 Pintsch Bamag Ag Improvements in or relating to the continuous feeding of additions to rotatable metallurgical converters
US3141767A (en) * 1960-09-29 1964-07-21 Lukens Steel Co Steel casting process and apparatus
US3194539A (en) * 1960-02-11 1965-07-13 Eugene Goffart & Cie Mixing apparatus
GB1031578A (en) * 1963-09-23 1966-06-02 Oesterr Alpine Montan Method and apparatus for adding agents for forming and/or treating the slag in iron baths
DE1583967B1 (de) * 1968-01-18 1970-05-27 Maximilianshuette Eisenwerk Vorrichtung zum Eintragen koerniger Stoffe in den Giessstrahl metallischer Schmelzen
US3891196A (en) * 1974-01-21 1975-06-24 Thyssen Niederrhein Ag Apparatus for treating a melt

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB320391A (en) * 1928-06-12 1929-10-14 Pneumatic Conveyance & Extract Improvements in apparatus for pneumatic conveyance of solid materials
GB748474A (en) * 1952-12-09 1956-05-02 Air Reduction Improvements in method and apparatus for introducing solid materials into molten metal
US2807508A (en) * 1954-05-03 1957-09-24 Union Carbide Corp Powder dispenser
GB792192A (en) * 1954-06-03 1958-03-19 Ledloy Ltd Improvements in or relating to the addition of alloying elements and other substances to steel and other metals
DE1035907B (de) * 1955-08-25 1958-08-07 Paul Menzen Dr Ing Vorrichtung zur Einbringung feinteiliger Feststoffe in fluessiges Metall
US2891782A (en) * 1956-02-10 1959-06-23 Air Reduction Concentric-hopper batch-feeder
GB841350A (en) * 1957-11-29 1960-07-13 Pintsch Bamag Ag Improvements in or relating to the continuous feeding of additions to rotatable metallurgical converters
US3194539A (en) * 1960-02-11 1965-07-13 Eugene Goffart & Cie Mixing apparatus
US3141767A (en) * 1960-09-29 1964-07-21 Lukens Steel Co Steel casting process and apparatus
GB1031578A (en) * 1963-09-23 1966-06-02 Oesterr Alpine Montan Method and apparatus for adding agents for forming and/or treating the slag in iron baths
DE1583967B1 (de) * 1968-01-18 1970-05-27 Maximilianshuette Eisenwerk Vorrichtung zum Eintragen koerniger Stoffe in den Giessstrahl metallischer Schmelzen
US3891196A (en) * 1974-01-21 1975-06-24 Thyssen Niederrhein Ag Apparatus for treating a melt

Cited By (1)

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US7448095B1 (en) 2007-01-12 2008-11-11 Itshak T Agaeliaho Time tub

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