EP0009422A1 - Installation pour la production de chaussures - Google Patents

Installation pour la production de chaussures Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0009422A1
EP0009422A1 EP79400458A EP79400458A EP0009422A1 EP 0009422 A1 EP0009422 A1 EP 0009422A1 EP 79400458 A EP79400458 A EP 79400458A EP 79400458 A EP79400458 A EP 79400458A EP 0009422 A1 EP0009422 A1 EP 0009422A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sole
shoe
installation according
automatic
installation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP79400458A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Pierre Bonnet
Rémy Villaret
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
G IMBERT Ets
Original Assignee
G IMBERT Ets
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by G IMBERT Ets filed Critical G IMBERT Ets
Publication of EP0009422A1 publication Critical patent/EP0009422A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43D—MACHINES, TOOLS, EQUIPMENT OR METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING OR REPAIRING FOOTWEAR
    • A43D37/00—Machines for roughening soles or other shoe parts preparatory to gluing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43D—MACHINES, TOOLS, EQUIPMENT OR METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING OR REPAIRING FOOTWEAR
    • A43D111/00—Shoe machines with conveyors for jacked shoes or for shoes or shoe parts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of manufacturing shoes and more particularly shoes with welded soles, the various constituent parts of which are assembled, mounted and shaped around a shape. It relates particularly to a production facility in which all or part of traditional workstations has been automated.
  • these assembly and finishing operations for a welded shoe can be stated as follows on a traditional chain where the basic shapes are arranged and around which the various works are carried out: selection of the insole or "first" corresponding to the given foot and size; centering then stapling or "display" of the first on the form; curving of the buttresses; assembly of the ends; mounting of the sides; fitting of the sockets (rear part of the shoe); tearing off the display cleats; successive carding of the parts to be glued; gluing of the rods mounted on the form; sizing of the outer soles (generally obtained by injection; in polyvinyl chloride or the like) and chain setting; reactivation of glue for soles and uppers; positioning of the soles on the uppers; display, pressure welding; possibly cutting false laces and taking the shoe out of its shape; varnishing of the shoe, generally by spraying; drying; verification of the finished shoe, packing in boxes (generally made next to the chain), composting of the shoe size and
  • the chain is constituted by a series of carriages controlled for a step-by-step advance along a given path, for example polygonal, the carriages carrying forms which, with certain exceptions, are fixed and oriented in the direction perpendicular to that of the movement of the carriages; thus it is the heads of the machines which move along the line to come to work on the immobilized form.
  • One of the aims of the invention is to propose a transfer installation by trolleys of new design, with safe operation and allowing high rates of work.
  • Another aim is to provide an almost entirely automated installation for manufacturing welded type shoes in which the staff can be reduced to one fifth of that usually employed in a traditional chain and leading on the one hand to an improvement in the quality of the finished objects, and on the other hand, to a productivity significantly higher than that of the aforementioned automated chains.
  • the invention relates to the production of an evolving chain, that is to say capable of replacing, in the conventional manufacturing line, certain manual stations with machines for automatic work. This thanks to the interposition of autonomous modules in all or part of a traditional chain as currently used in shoe factories.
  • each of the aforementioned new means corresponds to an automatic machine without manual intervention, which can be incorporated alone or combined with others according to the invention in a traditional chain for making shoes.
  • the means a) are constituted by an assembly comprising: a rotary circular feed magazine for raw materials with automatic operation by robot provided with n boxes, at constant levels, for n different sizes or sizes, each box being double to include a stack of first for right foot and a stack of first for left foot; a flexible suction cup tube for depositing a first on the form; lateral feeler arms cooperating with pliers and a vertical support rod, for centering this first on the form; vertical pneumatic hammers intended to fix or display the first on the form, previously provided with two pins, this without the installation of staples or the use of crampons; said cams of each plate of the carriage for the detection of the first type and the change of size being actuated selectively by fixed probes, integral with the carriage chassis, in accordance with the information given on an electropneumatic control panel.
  • the means b) are constituted by a combination of pliers and a form gripping device allowing the rise of the form above the plate, its gripping by plnce and its pivoting at 90 degrees, the laying of the rod and the assembly of the toe being carried out using a machine of known type but supplied by a rotary circular store of rods, at constant level, provided with n boxes corresponding to n different sizes, each box being double for include stacks for right foot and left foot and the installation of a rod being programmed to adapt to the first one already displayed.
  • the means c) correspond to a unitary and automatic machine for gluing and folding or "mounting" the sides, essentially comprising: supply pipes for hot-melt adhesive; a set of articulated pneumatic pistons, the ends of which bear, at a programmed rate, on the contour of the shapes by means of a protective skirt; a device for sending hot air to soften the sides; said machine for gluing and simultaneously mounting the sides of two shapes corresponding to a pair of shoes of given size.
  • the means d) consist of an assembly successively comprising: a device for pre-recording the carding depth; a carding roughing station using abrasive belts; a carding station for the ends and backs with reversing the direction of rotation of the belts driving an abrasive wheel; a double station (for a pair) of lateral carding of the sides provided with an electronic copier with proximity detector making it possible to follow the profile of the square edge and thus eliminate the use of templates.
  • the means e), after turning the sole as will be explained below, are constituted by a fully automatic machine comprising: a set of centering and display of the sole on the form with automatic system for recording the length of the shoe and sole height; heating elements for reactivation of the glued upper and sole; a welding press provided with a flexible membrane enveloping the boot, the latter being firmly held between rubber clamps during welding to prevent bursting of said membrane.
  • the centering assembly with automatic system for recording the dimensions (length and thickness) of flanges Comprises at least two series of controlled locking-unlocking cylinders with coordinated actions, these cylinders being integral with clamps and / or suction cups for positioning and maintaining shape.
  • the means f) of form output of the shoe essentially comprise: a member for tilting the form towards the rear: a pliers-hammer combination making it possible to pull the shoe from the heel while raising it and to facilitate the thrust by pressure; and a device with multiple grippers for gripping the shoe, with tilting thereof at 90 degrees and depositing on a conveyor to then subject the shoe to the polishing-varnishing, inspection-control and packaging operations.
  • the plates carrying the shapes are translated by a step-by-step movement on the side members of a frame according to two horizontal paths situated in different planes, namely a first circulation path along work stations corresponding to means a) to e) up to the gluing stage for carded surfaces and soles, then a second circulation path located under the first and during which drying and evaporation of the glue, the transfer of the trays downwards, at the end of the path, being carried out on a level exchanger provided with a plate and plate guides as well as a platform lowering cylinder.
  • each station operates on a single form of a plate, with the exception of the mounting of the sides where the work is carried out in pairs, and at the end of the circuit a shoe of each foot corresponding to a given size is obtained; packaging is therefore carried out in pairs.
  • one or more stations with an automatic mounting machine can be doubled so as to work simultaneously, as in the aforementioned case of mounting the sidewalls (means c), on the two forms arranged on a tray for removing the shoes per pair at the end of the chain.
  • the invention is not limited to a complete installation in automatic or quasi-automatic operation as shown in FIG. 1 and also relates to any of the automated machines of principle illustrated in the other figures and able to be introduced, as a module, in a conventional manual chain, the description below will essentially refer to this automated chain with developments, for each of the original phases, relating to the various figures of the other plates.
  • Each transport trolley is made up, as can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, by a plate 1 of the metal plate type provided with supports 2, 3 intended to fix the piston turrets 4 and 5 which serve to support and maintain in place the form 6 on which all the shoe mounting operations will be carried out.
  • Each carriage has two forms 6 and has free spaces 7 and 8 on which the outer soles are arranged at a given stage of the chain.
  • each carriage comprises: on one of its edges oriented towards the heads of the main working machines, two cams 9 and 10 which will serve to control either the detection of a sole or first for right or left foot (N ° 9) or a change in size (N ° 10); on the opposite edge, two studs 11 and 12 for controlling the routing of the automation signals to the plates of each work station.
  • each plate is supported and set in motion by series of transverse rollers (for example three or four per plate) whose axis bearings roll on sliding paths provided along and at inside the side members 1.
  • transverse rollers for example three or four per plate
  • the hatched elements 17 and 18 correspond respectively to the representation of the sections along BB and AA indicated in the upper part of FIG. 3.
  • the first operation consists in setting up and fixing the first on the form, carried out by the automatic assembly 26 (fig.l) and shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 4 a and 4 b.
  • the supply of inner or first soles 27 is done by means of a circular magazine 28 divided into a series of double compartments 29 (for example eight for eight different sizes) each of which contains right foot soles 27 a and left foot soles 27 b.
  • the store is at a constant upper level and distributes selectively, thanks to the fingers 30 and 31 fixed on the frame 14 and which establish contact with the cams 9 and 10 of the plate, a first either of right foot or of left foot as well as a given position corresponding to the desired final shoe.
  • the size change cam 10 is removed from the carriage. While the form 6 is held firmly by the claws or clamps 32 a first 27 is deposited on the form by a suction suction pipe 33 and then centered on the latter using in particular a support rod 34 .
  • the same automatic device then realizes the display, that is to say the final fixing of the first 27 on the form 6 by means of a strike by the hammers 35 while the form is firmly held by the front clamps and rear 36 and 37.
  • the second operation corresponds to the installation of the rod on the form / is recreated by the general number 38 in Figure 1.
  • the form is removed from its support according to the phases of Figure 5 namely : rise of the shape in 39; gripping thereof by the clamps 40 of a gripping device 41 with robot arms; pivoting 90 degrees along 42 then presentation to a manual operator 43 who performs the mounting of the rods 44 using a machine 45 of known type, itself supplied by a circular magazine 46 at constant upper level and arranged according to the same operating principle as the magazine 28 for the first, so that the operator always has the stem of the foot and the size corresponding to the first on the form which has just been placed on the serving tray at its immediate reach the machine 45.
  • a hammer system 47 (fig.l) then presses the rod onto the form.
  • These heads are isolated from the shapes 6, provided with their rod, by intermediate skirts 53, for example of leather or other flexible material, so as to distribute the pressure forces well and not to damage the rods.
  • the machine descends on the forms of the plate to perform its work, the forms being securely held by pliers and jaws (54, etc.) during the folding.
  • the machine is provided with hot air blowing pipes 55 to soften the sides before the above operation.
  • the fitting phase is carried out, that is to say the gluing of the rod at the heel, carried out using a machine of the type known but made automatic by programmed movement of the passage head on the form.
  • Reference 57 corresponds to the hydraulic control group of said machine and is normally located below it.
  • the carding machine 58 is preceded by an electromechanical device 63 provided with depth probe 64 and level rods 65, intended to pre-record the exact level of carding to be carried out to obtain an optimum result.
  • the grinding wheels 66 of the lateral cards 60 and 61 are equipped with an electronic copier or feeler 67 of flared shape whose tapered end can perfectly follow the contours of the flanks so as to serve as a guide to the action of the grinding wheel 66.
  • the following operation represented manually in FIG. 1 by the operator 73 but capable of being automated, consists of gluing 74 of the (outer) soles 75 from manufacturing 76.
  • the glued soles are deposited heel on the tray on the two places provided (a right foot and a left foot) on each trolley 1.
  • the following operation which takes place in 78 and the principle of which is shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 9a to 9c, consists of a clever system for turning the sole over for the next operation where the latter should be on the heel side up.
  • the sole 75 is first pushed by an actuator arm 79 on the platform 80 of an articulated arm 81, provided with a pair of pliers 82 which clamp the heel.
  • a series of operations takes place, all carried out on an automated machine 84 with a programmed sequence and illustrated in FIG. 10a, namely: centering of the sole 75 on the shape provided with its rod; the elevation of the sole above the carriage, the reactivation of both the sole 75 and of) a rod on form (6,44) or similar system by means of a heating ramp 85, for example with boosted lamps / ; the display 86 of the sole on the upper; and, finally, the welding operation carried out in the press 87 which is applied to the shape maintained by rubber clamps 88 and which, in a manner known per se, works with the use of an elastic membrane enveloping the shoe during the pressing work.
  • this automatic assembly 84 the length of the shape (with rod) and the elevation height of the sole are recorded after centering the sole on the form and before releasing the first on the second.
  • This operation is carried out using the device 89 illustrated in FIG. 10 b and which operates as follows: the four double-rod cylinders 90 to 93 descend on the sole 75 and suck the latter by the suction cups 94, 95 then causing the closing intended 96; the rods 97 of these four cylinders are then locked by brake at 98 by removing the pneumatic pressure and the assembly is reassembled using the two cylinders 99 and 100. This is when the reactivation by heating at 85 (fig. 10 a) as explained above.
  • the cylinders designated 101 and 102 constitute support members for the end of the sole and for the camber.
  • the shoes are sent by the overhead conveyor 111 along the arrow 113 in a varnishing cabin 114 where each shoe, deposited on the support and held by claw is subjected to the action of mounted nozzles on rotating arms which distribute the varnish evenly over the entire surface.
  • varnishing it is advisable to brush and clean the upper, which can for example be carried out at 115 before leaving the shoe and transporting it by air.
  • the shoes After varnishing with almost instant drying, the shoes arrive in pairs on the conveyor belt 116 where they are subjected to a control.
  • An operator 117 to which the boxes produced by the shaping and stapling machine 118 and transported by the belt 119 arrive, performs the packaging at 120, the shoes then being stored and sent for dispatch (121).
  • An automatic chain corresponding to the block diagram of FIG. 1, was produced by using 80 trays of 56 cm for a total length of approximately 26 meters.
  • Such a line works with an extremely reduced staff, which can vary from 1 to 3 people instead of the 14 or 15 people normally required in a traditional assembly line.
  • the quality of the finished objects is higher, thanks to the elimination of human errors and / or imperfections and the production rate is increased, this generally being between 90 and 120 pairs of shoes per hour.
  • the invention is not limited to this type of purely illustrative embodiment which can undergo variants or use equivalent means.
  • some manual stations such as those called 38 and 73 can be automated.
  • the automatic stations can be doubled so that each machine (as is the case for mounting the flanks at 48) can work on a pair at a time.
  • it is advisable when the ambient temperature along the chain is above 25 ° C., to provide air conditioning by sending cold air over part of the latter within the circulation frame of the carriages, for example along the path marked in ZZ 'in FIG. 1.
  • the air transport operation (111, 113) can be eliminated and replaced by the direct dispatch of the shoes, to the exit S, on a conveyor belt leading to the varnish projection phase then to the control and packaging operations.
  • automatisé5 above-described may be interposed, as a module in a traditional chain manual intervention to mechanize the latter in an evolutionary manner.

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  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
EP79400458A 1978-09-06 1979-07-05 Installation pour la production de chaussures Ceased EP0009422A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7825591 1978-09-06
FR7825591A FR2435220A1 (fr) 1978-09-06 1978-09-06 Installation pour la production de chaussures

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0009422A1 true EP0009422A1 (fr) 1980-04-02

Family

ID=9212374

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79400458A Ceased EP0009422A1 (fr) 1978-09-06 1979-07-05 Installation pour la production de chaussures

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4304020A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0009422A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5535689A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR7905464A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1113664A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CS (1) CS589979A2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES482522A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2435220A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0340390A3 (de) * 1988-05-05 1991-09-18 SCHÖN & CIE GMBH Schuhfertigungsanlage
WO1991017021A1 (en) * 1990-05-09 1991-11-14 Pietro Torielli Apparatus for the automatic control of a machine, particularly of a shoe making machine
EP0396144A3 (en) * 1989-05-05 1992-01-08 Calzaturificio F.lli DANIELI S.p.A. Rotary preforming machine for uppers
EP0329007A3 (de) * 1988-02-13 1992-05-06 Psb Gmbh Förderanlagen Und Lagertechnik Transferstrasse
EP0512526A1 (en) * 1991-05-08 1992-11-11 IRON FOX S.r.L. Tooled, integrated and automated production line for glueing operations in shoe production lines
WO1995019719A1 (es) * 1994-01-20 1995-07-27 Adolfo Vilar Diaz Proceso de fabricacion automatica de calzado, e instalacion correspondiente
FR2721913A1 (fr) * 1994-07-04 1996-01-05 Blanc Roger Dispositif pour le transfert de plateaux entre une chaine d'entrainement et des postes de travail

Families Citing this family (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2529763A1 (fr) * 1982-07-06 1984-01-13 Anver Machine automatisee pour le cardage de chaussure
GB8315953D0 (en) * 1983-06-10 1983-07-13 British United Shoe Machinery Transfer apparatus
US4777733A (en) * 1987-01-09 1988-10-18 Iwatani & Co. Ltd. Method of manufacturing shoes
ES2074001B1 (es) * 1993-06-07 1998-04-01 Tarsa Perfeccionamientos en maquinas de manipulacion y embalaje de piezas para el calzado.
ES2109853B1 (es) * 1994-06-14 1998-08-16 Vilar Diaz Adolfo Proceso de fabricacion de calzado.
ES2125768B1 (es) * 1995-07-20 1999-12-01 Sistem Transfer S L Instalacion para cadenas de fabricacion en continuo de calzado.
FR2742313B1 (fr) * 1995-12-18 1998-03-13 Blanc Roger Dispositif d'assemblage de la tige et de la semelle d'une chaussure
IT1317478B1 (it) 2000-04-26 2003-07-09 Mini Ricerca Scient Tecnolog Procedimento per la manipolazione e il trasferimento di forme per ilmontaggio di calzature.
ITBO20010104A1 (it) * 2001-02-27 2002-08-27 Mario Ciucani Metodo per l'incollaggio di un fondo ad una relativa tomaia di calzatura
US8755925B2 (en) 2011-11-18 2014-06-17 Nike, Inc. Automated identification and assembly of shoe parts
US9451810B2 (en) * 2011-11-18 2016-09-27 Nike, Inc. Automated identification of shoe parts
US8849620B2 (en) 2011-11-18 2014-09-30 Nike, Inc. Automated 3-D modeling of shoe parts
US10552551B2 (en) 2011-11-18 2020-02-04 Nike, Inc. Generation of tool paths for shore assembly
US8958901B2 (en) 2011-11-18 2015-02-17 Nike, Inc. Automated manufacturing of shoe parts
CN103987486B (zh) * 2011-12-09 2017-03-29 戴姆勒股份公司 用于运行生产设备的方法
US8966775B2 (en) * 2012-10-09 2015-03-03 Nike, Inc. Digital bite line creation for shoe assembly
US9283583B2 (en) * 2014-01-07 2016-03-15 Nike, Inc. System for shoe sole portion painting
US10376019B2 (en) 2014-01-07 2019-08-13 Nike, Inc. Jig for a shoe sole portion
US10524544B2 (en) 2014-01-22 2020-01-07 Nike, Inc. Divergence detection of a shoe bite line
CN104257019A (zh) * 2014-09-25 2015-01-07 四川卡美迪鞋业有限公司 在鞋子制作中滚浆籽、部位定位划线的工艺
CN111248579B (zh) * 2020-02-14 2021-04-23 温州市瑞凯鞋业有限公司 一种自动制鞋生产线
CN114194815B (zh) * 2021-12-29 2023-08-01 丽荣鞋业(深圳)有限公司 鞋中底取放和鞋中底位置矫正系统
CN116250674B (zh) * 2023-03-02 2025-04-15 东莞市奇峰液压科技有限公司 自动贴合一体机

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2014914A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1968-08-02 1970-04-24 Vyzk Ustav Kozedelny
US3784995A (en) * 1972-02-09 1974-01-15 Wolverine World Wide Inc Shoe manufacturing apparatus
DE2346919A1 (de) * 1973-09-18 1975-03-20 Le Sp K Bjuro Projektirowaniju Halbautomatische strasse zur schuhwerkherstellung
FR2267262A1 (en) * 1974-04-10 1975-11-07 Viges Spa Ring conveyor system - has rows of frames indexed along rectangular track by own actuator mechanisms
FR2269840A7 (en) * 1974-05-03 1975-11-28 Centre Techn Cuir Transfer chain for shoe mfg. line - has last held on a trolley locking on to a moving chain
GB1439101A (en) * 1974-01-07 1976-06-09 Viges Spa Automatic shoemaking machine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2960703A (en) * 1956-08-31 1960-11-22 United Shoe Machinery Corp Shoemaking systems for the automatic manufacture of shoes
US3631553A (en) * 1969-12-08 1972-01-04 Usm Corp Manufacture of shoe components
US3858263A (en) * 1973-09-17 1975-01-07 Mikhail Dmitrievich Smirnov Semiautomatic footwear production line

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2014914A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1968-08-02 1970-04-24 Vyzk Ustav Kozedelny
US3784995A (en) * 1972-02-09 1974-01-15 Wolverine World Wide Inc Shoe manufacturing apparatus
DE2346919A1 (de) * 1973-09-18 1975-03-20 Le Sp K Bjuro Projektirowaniju Halbautomatische strasse zur schuhwerkherstellung
GB1439101A (en) * 1974-01-07 1976-06-09 Viges Spa Automatic shoemaking machine
FR2267262A1 (en) * 1974-04-10 1975-11-07 Viges Spa Ring conveyor system - has rows of frames indexed along rectangular track by own actuator mechanisms
FR2269840A7 (en) * 1974-05-03 1975-11-28 Centre Techn Cuir Transfer chain for shoe mfg. line - has last held on a trolley locking on to a moving chain

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0329007A3 (de) * 1988-02-13 1992-05-06 Psb Gmbh Förderanlagen Und Lagertechnik Transferstrasse
EP0340390A3 (de) * 1988-05-05 1991-09-18 SCHÖN & CIE GMBH Schuhfertigungsanlage
EP0396144A3 (en) * 1989-05-05 1992-01-08 Calzaturificio F.lli DANIELI S.p.A. Rotary preforming machine for uppers
WO1991017021A1 (en) * 1990-05-09 1991-11-14 Pietro Torielli Apparatus for the automatic control of a machine, particularly of a shoe making machine
EP0512526A1 (en) * 1991-05-08 1992-11-11 IRON FOX S.r.L. Tooled, integrated and automated production line for glueing operations in shoe production lines
WO1995019719A1 (es) * 1994-01-20 1995-07-27 Adolfo Vilar Diaz Proceso de fabricacion automatica de calzado, e instalacion correspondiente
FR2721913A1 (fr) * 1994-07-04 1996-01-05 Blanc Roger Dispositif pour le transfert de plateaux entre une chaine d'entrainement et des postes de travail
EP0691089A1 (fr) * 1994-07-04 1996-01-10 Etablissements Actis Dispositif pour le transfert de plateaux entre une chaîne d'entraînement et des postes de travail

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4304020A (en) 1981-12-08
JPS5535689A (en) 1980-03-12
FR2435220B3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1981-04-17
CS589979A2 (en) 1984-06-18
FR2435220A1 (fr) 1980-04-04
BR7905464A (pt) 1980-04-29
ES482522A1 (es) 1980-04-01
CA1113664A (fr) 1981-12-08

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18R Application refused

Effective date: 19851025

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: VILLARET, REMY

Inventor name: BONNET, PIERRE