EP0007580B1 - Cable supported flexible-cover marquee - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A rope-suspended diaphragm-type shed (1) with supporting points (P1 ... P18) which are anchored in the surrounding area to circumscribe the cross-sectional configuration of such diaphragm-type shed (1, 20), and with supporting ropes extending between said supporting points (P1 ... P18), which are to support and carry the outer diaphragm skin (10), characterized in that said outer diaphragm skin or shell (10) is formed by and consists of individual diaphragm webs (40, 50, 60, 80) which extend and are tightened between said supporting ropes (2, 24a, 24b), and in that it is secured to the same by means of clamping profiles (90), said diaphragm-type webs for purposes of creating a tension in said outer skin (10), having the shape of either a rectangle or a triangle, with a configuration which is such that, on at least two of the oppositely positioned sides of such webs (40, 40b, 50a, 50b) it has a concave, necked-downs form or has the shape of an equal-sides trapezoid.

Description

The invention relates to a cable-supported membrane hall with support points anchored in space for the support cables, which describe the cross-sectional shape of the membrane hall, and support cables for the outer skin running between the support points.

Cable-supported membrane halls are known in the various embodiments and can be regarded as a further development of the known tents. If tents are needed beyond a certain size, the tent sheets must be carried by ropes, since they alone are no longer able to absorb their own weight, the wind pressure, wind suction and any snow loads.

The support of the outer skin of a membrane hall by suspension cables is known per se. This support has so far been carried out in such a way that the one-piece outer skin is placed on the supporting cables. However, this method has the disadvantage that, as a result of the uncontrollable mutual movement of the suspension cable and the outer skin, the latter is worn through in the course of time. In addition, the one-piece outer skin becomes increasingly bulky the larger the membrane hall is to be.

The invention seeks to remedy this. The invention, as characterized in the claims, is based on the object of avoiding the risk of fraying the membrane skin at the rope support points and at the same time of reducing the unwieldiness which is associated with a one-piece outer skin in large membrane halls.

This object is achieved in that the outer skin consists of individual membrane webs stretched between the supporting cables and fastened to them by clamping profiles, which, in order to generate tension in the outer skin, have the shape of a rectangle or triangle with a concave tailored cut on at least two web sides or the shape of a have isosceles trapezes.

The advantages achieved by the invention are essentially to be seen in the fact that the entire outer skin of the membrane hall consists of several individual handy membrane sheets, which are attached to the supporting cables free of the risk of fraying through the metal profile.

The invention further relates to an extruded profile for the connection and storage of at least two membrane sheets, the edges of which are each provided with a piping, which are retractable to connect the membrane sheets pressed into the extruded profile, and a bearing for storing the extruded profile and consists of one, at least one suspension cable as Bearing-encompassing two-part clamping profile, consisting of an essentially U-shaped cable support profile [with the grooves pressed into the outer sides of the U-legs] and a cable connection profile connected to the cable support profile that holds the U-legs of the cable support profile together under tensile stress through the membrane sheets Closure profile. This extruded profile ensures that the outer skin of a membrane hall, which consists of individual membrane sheets, does not rest on the supporting cables, making it impossible to wear through.

In a special embodiment of the invention, the closure profile also has a groove, which makes it possible to build double-shell or multi-shell membrane halls.

Appropriate developments of the subject matter of the invention are claimed in claims 2 to 6 or 9 and 10.

• Fig. 1 eine langgestreckte seilgetragene Membranhalle mit zwei Versionen der endseitigen Befestigung der Tragseile,
• Fig. 2 a eine dreischiffige Grundrissform der Membranhalle
• Fig. 2 b eine vierschiffige Grundrissform der Membranhalle
• Fig. 3 die Seitenansicht einer runden Membranhalle mit zwei Versionen der Dachausbildung
• Fig. 4 eine rechteckige taillierte Membranbahn
• Fig. 5 eine dreieckige taillierte Membranbahn
• Fig. 6 zwei trapezförmige, nicht taillierte Membranbahnen
• Fig. 7 eine Membranhalle mit einem Shed- Dach
• Fig. 8 eine sandgefüllte Tasche zur Erzeugung der Querspannung der Hallen-Aussenhaut
• Fig. 9 ein Klemmprofil zur Verbindung von drei Membranbahnen mit einem Tragseil
• Fig. 10 ein Klemmprofil zur Verbindung von zwei Membranbahnen mit zwei Tragseilen
• Fig. 11 ein Strangpressprofil zur kreuzenden Verbindung von bis zu vier Membranbahnen
• Fig. 12 die Seitenansicht des Endteiles einer Membranhalle mit in den Erdboden eingeschlagenen Breitheringen zur Aufnahme der endseitigen Zugkräfte
• Fig. 13 eine Ansicht von zwei Breitheringen
• Fig. 14 eine Seitenansicht aus Richtung des Pfeiles XIV von Fig. 15 einer Shed-Dach-Membranhalle nach Fig. 7 und
• Fig. 15 einen Schnitt durch eine Shed-Dach-Membranhalle nach der Linie XV-XV von Fig. 14.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. Show it:

• 1 is an elongated cable-supported membrane hall with two versions of the end fastening of the suspension cables,
• Fig. 2 a is a three-aisle floor plan of the membrane hall
• Fig. 2 b is a four-aisle floor plan of the membrane hall
• Fig. 3 is a side view of a round membrane hall with two versions of the roof training
• Fig. 4 is a rectangular waisted membrane sheet
• Fig. 5 is a triangular waisted membrane sheet
• Fig. 6 two trapezoidal, not waisted membrane sheets
• Fig. 7 is a membrane hall with a shed roof
• Fig. 8 is a sand-filled pocket for generating the transverse stress of the outer skin of the hall
• Fig. 9 is a clamping profile for connecting three membrane sheets with a suspension cable
• Fig. 10 is a clamping profile for connecting two membrane sheets with two suspension cables
• Fig. 11 is an extruded profile for the crossing connection of up to four membrane sheets
• Fig. 12 is a side view of the end part of a membrane hall with wide pegs hammered into the ground to absorb the tensile forces at the end
• Fig. 13 is a view of two pegs
• Fig. 14 is a side view from the direction of arrow XIV of Fig. 15 of a shed roof membrane hall according to Fig. 7 and
• 15 shows a section through a Shed roof membrane hall along the line XV-XV of FIG. 14.

An elongated membrane hall 1 is shown in FIG. 1, which is carried by support cables 2 extending in the longitudinal direction of the membrane hall 1. The supporting cables 2 are stretched between the support points P1, P2 ... P9 fixed and anchored in the room at one end of the hall and the support points P10 ... P18 at the other end of the hall. For this fixation of the Support points P1 ... P18 are shown in FIG. 1 two exemplary embodiments: at one end of the hall, fixation is carried out by support masts 3a ... 3h standing on the floor. The upper ends of the support masts 3a ... 3h then form the support points P1 ... P9. At the other end of the hall, as a second exemplary embodiment, a cross rope 5 stretched between two supporting masts 4a, 4b is shown, from which hanging ropes 6a ... 6h hang. In this embodiment, the lower ends of the suspension cables 6a ... 6h form the support points P10 fixed in space. . . P18. In addition, guy ropes 7 are required at each end of the hall, which derive the forces occurring in the support ropes 2 via the support points P1 ... P18 into the ground. It goes without saying, however, that in practice a membrane hall 1 is built at both ends of the hall either only with the first exemplary embodiment described above for fixing the support points P1 ... 18 or with the second exemplary embodiment and that in FIG. 1 only for reasons of drawing a simple representation of both examples on a membrane hall 1 are summarized.

Two possible layout forms of membrane halls are shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b. Figure 2a shows a three-aisle and Figure 2b a four-aisle membrane hall.

FIG. 3 shows two versions of a round membrane hall. A version with a uniformly conical roof 31 is shown on the left side and a version with a shed roof-like conical roof 32 is shown on the right side. In both examples, the support in the center is longer than the supports on the circumference. Likewise, the support in the center can be shorter than the supports on the circumference, so that the roof 31 or 32 sags to the center and is invisible from the outside.

In order to obtain a uniform tension of the outer skin 10 in the transverse direction of the membrane hall 1 in the case of elongated membrane halls 1 according to FIG be fitted. FIG. 4 shows a membrane sheet 40 with the basic shape of a rectangle and in FIG. 5 a membrane sheet 50 with the basic shape of a triangle. The respective opposite web sides 40a and 40b or 50a and 50b are cut concavely tailored.

In hall constructions in which several support cables 2 have a parallel sag, as can be the case, for example, with vertical membrane walls, it is also possible to achieve a tension in that the membrane tracks 60 shown in FIG. 6 have the shape of an isosceles trapezoid have. If the membrane sheets 60 are pulled or shifted in the direction of the arrows Pf, the width b is reduced and thus a membrane wall which is composed of the membrane sheets 60 is stretched.

FIG. 7 shows a membrane hall 20 with a shed roof 21. With this roof construction, membrane halls 20 with any rectangular plan can be produced. The shed roof 21 of such a membrane hall 20 consists of waisted rectangular membrane sheets 40 according to FIG. 4, which are stretched between support cables 24a, 24b, while the vertical membrane walls 22 are composed of membrane sheets 60 according to FIG. 6.

In order to apply a transverse stress in the outer skin 10 of an elongated membrane hall 1 according to FIG. 1 or in the vertical side walls of other hall constructions, e.g. To generate a voltage of constant magnitude in the membrane hall 20 according to FIG. 7, it is most expedient to hang weights on the edge 13 near the bottom according to FIG. 1 and the edge 23 according to FIG. 7. An expedient embodiment of such a weight is shown in FIG. 8. The weight consists of a pocket 81 with slots 82 into which sand 83 can be filled as a weight. This makes it possible to first produce the weight at the installation site of membrane hall 1 or 20 and it does not have to be transported to the installation site as would be the case with prefabricated weights. The lower end of a membrane sheet 80 is connected to the pocket 81 by an extruded profile 110, which also offers the possibility of attaching a weather apron 84, so that the weight comes to lie inside the hall and is therefore removed from the influences of the outside atmosphere.

FIG. 9 shows an extruded profile for connecting and storing at least two membrane sheets 91 a, 91 b. The edges of the membrane sheets 91a, 91b are each provided with a glued-in, molded-in or welded-in kender 92a, 92b. The piping 92a, 92b are retractable into the extruded profile grooves 93a, 93b. The extruded profile consists of at least one support rope 94 as a bearing encompassing two-part clamping profile 90, consisting of an essentially U-shaped cable support profile 95 encompassing the support cable 94, a cable connection profile 95 connected to the cable support profile 95 and the U-legs 97a, 97b of the cable support profile 95 Tensile stress due to the membrane profile 91a, 91b holding the closure profile 96 together and grooves 93a, 93b pressed into the outer sides of the U-legs 97a, 97b for pulling in the piping 92a, 92b each of a membrane web 91a, 91b. The cable support profile 95 is preferably held together with the closure profile 96 by screws 98, of which two screws 98a, 98b are used in the example given in FIG. 9. However, there are also other options for connecting the cable support profile 95 to the locking profile 96, e.g. by riveting, by latching etc.

There is now the possibility of also requesting a third groove 93c on the closure profile 96 Men, in which the piping 92c of a third membrane sheet 91c can be drawn. However, this third groove 93c does not have to be present. It is only required if the membrane hall 1 is to be designed with two or more layers. So that the suspension cable 94 is still in contact with the air, which is necessary for moisture balance, the closure profile 96 has slots 99.

In order to enable elastic mounting of the clamping profile 90 on the support cable 94, an intermediate profile 100 made of plastic or rubber is arranged between the two. The intermediate profile 100 also enables a displacement of the clamping profile 90 to the support rope 94 in the longitudinal direction of the rope with different linear expansion due to the action of temperature.

FIG. 10 shows a clamping profile for mounting on two support cables 94a, 94b. Two suspension cables 94a, 94b are required if higher load capacities are required for the outer skin 10. Apart from the two support cables 94a, 94b, the two in the clamping profiles shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 are completely identical except for one difference, which is that the clamping profile according to FIG. 10 is only held together with a screw 98, while in the case of the Clamp profile 90 according to FIG. 9, two screws 98a, 98b are provided for this.

FIG. 11 shows a further extruded profile 110 for the crossing connection of membrane sheets 91c, 91e, 91f, the edges of which are provided with the piping 92d, 92e, 92f. As can be seen from FIG. 11, a fourth membrane sheet, not shown in FIG. 11, could also be drawn in. It is also important that the extruded profile 110 can be designed as a hollow profile, as a result of which several identical profile lengths can be connected by plugging together. Extruded profiles 110 according to FIG. 11 are required for the construction of double or multi-layer membrane halls.

In the case of an elongated membrane hall 1 according to FIG. 1, but also in the membrane halls 20 according to FIG. 3 or FIG. 7, the task is to absorb the end forces that occur when the outer skin 10 is tightened. For this purpose, two guy ropes 7a, 7b, which are fastened to wide pegs 122 hammered into the ground, depart from each support rope 2. The wide pegs 122 are hammered into the ground in the case of an elongated membrane hall 1 or 20 in the form of a circular section, preferably in the form of a semicircle. As shown in FIG. 13, the wide pegs 122 have at least one rib 131, through which the wide pegs 122 are rigid. FIG. 13 shows, for example, two wide pegs 122, each with two ribs 131a, 131b. The wide pegs 122, which are to be used at the end in an elongated membrane hall 1 according to FIG. 1, expediently form a conical jacket section and are hammered into the ground at the angle α of the conical jacket.

An essential feature of the invention of the above-described anchoring by wide pegs 122 is that they can be locked together at their edges. For this purpose, as seen in FIG. 13, the wide pegs 122 have complementary locking grooves 132a, 132b at their edges. FIG. 13 shows two conical wide pegs 122, which are locked together with their grooves 132b, a in the middle.

When an elongated membrane hall 1 according to FIG. 12 is anchored, it is now additionally possible to fan out the triangles formed by the guy ropes 7a, 7b by triangular membrane tracks 50 according to FIG. 5 and thus to gain additional covered space.

FIG. 14 shows the side view of a membrane hall 20 with a shed roof 21 according to FIG. 7 from the direction of the arrows XIV from FIG. 7 and FIG. 15. Since, in this case, a very wide end face of a membrane hall 20 has to be anchored, it is not possible to drive wide pegs 122 into the ground in the form of a circular segment-shaped conical jacket section. In this case, parallel side pegs 142 in the form of a sheet pile are driven into the ground at an angle β, or also vertically. Here too, the wide pegs 142 are locked together at their edges, so that they form a continuous sheet pile wall in the floor. FIG. 15 shows a section through a membrane hall along the line XV-XV of FIG. 14. The support cables 24a and 24b of the membrane hall 20 are in turn connected to the pegs 142 of the sheet pile wall by means of guy cables 141a, 141b.

Claims (10)

1. A rope-suspended diaphragm-type shed (1) with supporting points (P1 ... P18) which are anchored in the surrounding area to circumscribe the cross-sectional configuration of such diaphragm-type shed (1, 20), and with supporting ropes extending between said supporting points (P1 ... P18), which are to support and carry the outer diaphragm skin (10), characterized in that said outer diaphragm skin or shell (10) is formed by and consists of individual diaphragm webs (40, 50, 60, 80) which extend and are tightened between said supporting ropes (2, 24a, 24b), and in that it is secured to the same by means of clamping profiles (90), said diaphragm-type webs for purposes of creating a tension in said outer skin (10), having the shape of either a rectangle or a triangle, with a configuration which is such that, on at least two of the oppositely positioned sides of such webs (40a, 40b, 50a, 50b) it has a concave, necked-downd form or has the shape of an equal-sided trapezoid.

2. Diaphragm-type shed according to claim 1, characterized by weights which are suspended from that edge (13, 23) of said diaphragm web (80), which is closer to the ground and which consist of sand-filled bags (81, 83) that serve to create the transverse tension of and in said outer skin (10).

3. Diaphragm-type shed according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, in the case where such diaphragm-type sheds (1, 20) have a long longitudinal extension or dimension, the strains which act in the longitudinal direction of such sheds are absorbed by flexurally stiff or rigid broad tent pegs (122, 142) which are hammered into the ground either at an angle (a, β) or in a direction perpendicular to the ground, said tent pegs having anchoring ropes (7a, 7b, 141 a, 141 b) attached to their front ends.

4. Diaphragm-type shed according to claim 3, characterized in that said broad tent pegs (122) form or circumscribe the configuration of a semicircular segment of a cone-shaped shell and that their lateral edges (132a, 132b) are secured to each other.

5. Diaphragm-type shed according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said diaphragm-type shed (1, 20) is constructed to consist of either two or of several shells and in that it comprises at least one interior shell or skin (91 e, 91f).

6. Diaphragm-type shed according to claim 5, characterized in that said double or multiple shell or skin of said diaphragm-type shed (1, 20) is constructed to form a solar air collector.

7. Extruded profile element which serves to connect and mount at least two diaphragm webs (91 a, 91 b) the edges of which are respectively provided with a reinforced seam (92a, 92b) with a string or rod enclosed therein, these edges being engageable or insertable into grooves (93a, 93b) which are pressed into said extruded profile element so that said diaphragm webs (91a, 91 b) can be connected with each other, and supporting means serving to support and mount said extruded profile element for a rope-suspended or rope-supported diaphragm-type shed (1, 20) according to claims 1 to 6, characterized by a two-part clamping profile element (90) which serves as a supporting or mounting element gripping at least one supporting rope (94), said profile element comprising a substantially U-shaped rope-supporting profile (95) which grips the supporting rope (94) with the grooves (93a, 93b) which are pressed into the outside surfaces of said U-shaped legs or arms (97a, 97b), and comprising a locking profile element (96) which is connected to said rope-supporting profile element (95) and which keeps the U-shaped legs (97a, 97b) of said rope-supporting profile element (95) together as soon as a tensioning or tightening strain is being exerted by the diaphragm webs (91 a, 91 b).

8. An extruded profile element according to claim 7, characterized in that said locking profile element (96) also comprises a groove (93c).

9. An extruded profile element according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that an intermediate profile element (100) made of synthetic plastic material or of rubber is provided between said clamping profile element (90) and said supporting rope (94).

10. An extruded profile element serving to connect diaphragm-type webs, the edges of which are respectively provided with a reinforced seam with a string or rod enclosed therein, more particularly for a rope-suspended or rope-supported diaphragm-type shed according to claims 5, 6 and 8, characterized in that a number of grooves corresponding to the number of diaphragm webs (91c, 91e, 91f) are pressed into a hollow profile (110) to allow for a cross-wise connection of at least three diaphragm-type webs (91 c, 91 e, 91f).

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