EP0000228B1 - Muscular propulsion device, in particular for a vehicle - Google Patents

Muscular propulsion device, in particular for a vehicle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0000228B1
EP0000228B1 EP19780200055 EP78200055A EP0000228B1 EP 0000228 B1 EP0000228 B1 EP 0000228B1 EP 19780200055 EP19780200055 EP 19780200055 EP 78200055 A EP78200055 A EP 78200055A EP 0000228 B1 EP0000228 B1 EP 0000228B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
levers
axis
pair
articulation
fixed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19780200055
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0000228A1 (en
Inventor
Paul Zuppiger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CLIPPER TRUST Co REG
Original Assignee
CLIPPER TRUST Co REG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CLIPPER TRUST Co REG filed Critical CLIPPER TRUST Co REG
Publication of EP0000228A1 publication Critical patent/EP0000228A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0000228B1 publication Critical patent/EP0000228B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62MRIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M1/00Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles
    • B62M1/24Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with reciprocating levers, e.g. foot levers
    • B62M1/28Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with reciprocating levers, e.g. foot levers characterised by the use of flexible drive members, e.g. chains
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62MRIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M1/00Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles
    • B62M1/12Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles operated by both hand and foot power

Definitions

  • the muscular propulsion of a vehicle requires the transformation of the alternative movements of the limbs, arms or legs of the human body into a unidirectional rotation of the rotary drive member.
  • One of the most well-known means of transformation is the crankset used on bicycles, which is simply a system for driving a wheel by two cranks offset by 180 ° relative to one another.
  • the torque resulting from the application of a force on these cranks varies as a function of the angular position of the cranks relative to the direction of the force exerted.
  • the crankset is indeed a mechanism for transforming alternative movements of the legs or arms into a continuous rotary movement insofar as the drive is obtained only during a half-rotation of each crank following the extension of the respective legs.
  • the movement of the legs is not a simple extension movement, since the feet follow the rotation of the pedals so that the legs perform a real connecting rod movement.
  • This movement is especially suitable when the position of the body is substantially vertical or when the body is leaning forward like on a bicycle.
  • this connecting rod movement is less easy to execute from a seat with the body tilted backwards. In addition, in this tilted back position, the body weight cannot be used to strengthen muscle action.
  • crankshaft is provided with a connecting rod intended to be actuated by an oscillating lever.
  • additional energy supply which can be obtained by this system is low.
  • it has the disadvantage of associating two drives using one a rotation, the other an oscillation and that the synchronization of the two movements is physiologically difficult to achieve.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy, at least partially, the drawbacks of the above-mentioned solutions.
  • the subject of this invention is a muscular propulsion device, in particular for a vehicle having at least three support points, comprising a pair of levers, articulated around a common axis, two flexible transmission elements fixed by one of their respective ends to the respective levers at a certain distance from the pivot points of these levers and at their other ends to respective return springs, each of the flexible transmission elements being connected to the drive shaft of the vehicle by a mechanism freewheel.
  • This device is characterized by the fact that said return springs consist of two blades wound in a spiral, one of the respective ends of which is integral with the second end of one of said flexible transmission elements, while the other of these ends is integral with the hub of a freewheel mounted coaxially with said drive shaft.
  • FIG. 1 very schematically illustrates the propulsion device according to the invention which essentially comprises two levers 1 and 1a articulated around a common axis 2 and which terminate in pedals 3, 3a.
  • Each lever 1, 1a is connected to a drive shaft 4 via a flexible transmission element, in this example a cable 5, 5a and a return spring 6, 6a.
  • These springs consist of blades wound in a spiral around the shaft 4 in the rest position and fixed to this shaft by one of their ends, while the other end of each spring is fixed to one of the cables 5, 5a.
  • These cables are fixed to the levers 1, 1a by means of respective slides 7, 7a.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate the detail of the fixing of the cable 5 to the lever 1. It can be seen that the cable 5 must constantly make an acute angle ⁇ with the tangent to the curvature of the lever 1 passing through the anchoring point of the cable 5 This acute angle ⁇ ensures a force which constantly tends to pull the slide 7 towards the end of the lever 1.
  • Flexible positioning elements in this example, cables 8, 8a retain the respective slides 7, 7a passing around the pivot axis 2 of the levers 1, 1a and are fixed to the chassis of the vehicle by an adjustment member 9 illustrated in more detail in FIGS. 9 and 10. As can be seen, this adjustment member 9 has an operating handle 9a, integral with a pawl 9b engaged with a rack 10 integral with the vehicle frame under the action of a spring 11.
  • the displacement of the pawl 9b along the rack 10 makes it possible to modify the length of the cables 8, 8a between the axis 2 of the levers 1, 1a and their anchor points respective to these levers. Consequently, the anchoring points of the cables 5, 5a relative to the axis of the levers 1, 1a are adjustable by this means. As a result, the ratio between the angular displacement of the levers and the number of turns of the drive shaft 4 is variable.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrating a vehicle whose propulsion device is based on the principle of that schematically illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the entire propulsion device with its transmission ratio change mechanism is mounted, in this example, on a three-wheeled vehicle 12a, 12b and 12c, two of which are at the front and one at the rear, mounted on a frame 13 carrying a seat 14 and a backrest 15.
  • the propulsion device of FIG. 1 is associated with a second pair of levers 16 and 16a articulated around an axis 17 parallel to the axis 2. These levers are also articulated to two respective control rods 18, 18a which end in handles 19, 19a respectively.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the detail of the connection mechanism between the levers 1, 1a on the one hand, and 16, 16a on the other hand.
  • the two parallel axes of articulation 2 and 17 of the levers 1, 1a respectively have levers 16, 16a.
  • These levers 16 and 16a are integral with two respective shafts 20, 20a coaxial with the axis 17 and independent of each other.
  • the shaft 20a is integral with a freewheel clutch member 21a associated with a pinion 22a, pivoted around the shaft 20a.
  • the shaft 20 is integral with a freewheel clutch member 21 associated with a pinion 22 pivoted around the shaft 20.
  • Each of the pinions 22 and 22a is engaged with a pinion 23 respectively 23a coaxial with the hinge axis 2 of the levers 1, 1a, these pinions 23, 23a being integral with these respective levers. It follows from this arrangement that, the driving stroke of the levers 1, 1a occurring when the user exerts a push with the feet (see fig. 2) on the pedals 3, 3a, the one-way clutch between the pinions 22, 22a on the one hand and 23, 23a on the other hand must be chosen so that the pinions 22, 22a are driven by the clutch members 21, 21a when a traction of the arms is exerted on the levers 16, 16a by l 'intermediate rods 18 respectively 18a.
  • the pinions 22, 22a being in direct engagement with the pinions 23 respectively 23a, they therefore rotate in opposite directions to one another, so that the levers 1, 1a are motors during an extension of the legs , while the levers 16, 16a are when pulling the arms.
  • This movement corresponds substantially to that of a rower.
  • two possibilities are offered, in one case, the movements of the left members are in phase with those of the right members, in the other case, they are out of phase, thanks to the device illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • the drive mechanism described therefore offers great flexibility in the choice of movements.
  • the freewheeling connection between the levers 1, 1a on the one hand and 16, 16a on the other hand makes it possible to use either the legs or the arms separately, or even the legs and the arms simultaneously.
  • the respective movements of the left and right limbs can be alternated in particular if the support 25 is angularly blocked or, if this support 25 is unlocked, the movements of the legs and those of the arms can be in phase like the movements. of a rower. It is the latter case which makes it possible to obtain the maximum instantaneous energy, while the phase shifted movements make it possible to obtain a substantially continuous energy production.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the mechanism for transmitting the energy of the levers 1, 1a, 16, 16a on the rear wheel 12c.
  • the springs 6, 6a are fixed by one of their ends to a freewheel clutch member, one of which is visible in section in FIG. 6.
  • This member is associated with the hub of the wheel 12c, the clutch between the member 30 and this hub being chosen so that the drive of the hub occurs when traction is exerted on the return spring 6.
  • the advantage of this arrangement lies essentially in the fact that a spring such as the spring 6 has properties similar to a clockwork movement mainspring, the essential difference residing in the fact that it works in the opposite direction, that is to say, it arms when you unwind it and disarms when you wind it. This difference comes only from the shape initially given to this spring.
  • the clockwork movement spring is capable of delivering a substantially constant force over most of its disarming stroke. Consequently, the return force of the springs 6, 6a is very little dependent on the travel of the cable anchoring points 5, 5a on the levers 1, 1a. Unlike mechanisms using reciprocating levers and cables or transmission chains associated with coil return springs working in traction, the return force hardly increases as a function of the length of the stroke of the element.
  • rods 18 and 18a can be oriented around their respective longitudinal axes and act on respective cables mounted in sheaths 31, respectively 31a like the bicycle brake cables and which are fixed to levers 32, respectively 32a connected by a rod 33 and integral with the articulation axes of the orientation arms 34a, 34b of the wheels 12a respectively 12b.
  • the variant of FIG. 11 differs from the embodiment described above, essentially as regards the connection of the drive by the arms with the pedal drive levers. This variant mainly aims to make the construction lighter.
  • the drive by the arms comprises a tubular guide member 40 in which two rods of semi-cylindrical sections are slidably mounted, each being integral with a lateral handle, one of which is visible in FIG. 11.
  • Each rod housed in the guide member 40 is connected to one of the pedal levers 1 ′, 1'a quite similar to those of the previous embodiment, by a cable 42, 42a, fixed by one end to one of the rods, passing around a double pulley 43, pivoted on a flange 44 integral with the chassis 45 and fixed at the other guide end to an anchoring element 46, respectively 46a, of the levers 1 'respectively l 'at.
  • the cables 8 ', 8'a are used, as in the previous embodiment, to adjust the position of the slides T, 7'a along the levers 1', has it and are for this purpose fixed at their other ends to an adjusting member 9 'slidably mounted along the tubular guide member.
  • the vehicle drive mode is also completely identical to that of the previous embodiment and therefore does not have need to be described.
  • This propulsion device described can be used for any type of vehicle having at least three support points.
  • This device can also be adapted to an instrument intended for indoor muscle training. In this case, only the rear wheel 12c is necessary, this wheel being engaged with a member intended to create a certain resistance, in order to simulate the conditions of propulsion of a vehicle.
  • the vehicle can be simplified, in particular the front wheels and the vehicle guiding device illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3 can be omitted.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Control Devices (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Description

La propulsion musculaire d'un véhicule, en particulier d'un véhicule à organe d'entraînement rotatif, nécessite la transformation des mouvements alternatifs des membres, bras ou jambes du corps humain en une rotation unidirectionnelle de l'organe d'entraînement rotatif. Un des moyens de transformation les plus connus est le pédalier utilisé sur les bicyclettes, qui est simplement un système d'entraînement d'une roue par deux manivelles décalées de 180° l'une par rapport à l'autre. Le couple résultant de l'application d'une force sur ces manivelles varie en fonction de la position angulaire des manivelles par rapport à la direction de la force exercée. Le pédalier constitue bien un mécanisme de transformation de mouvements alternatifs des jambes ou des bras en mouvement rotatif continu dans la mesure où l'entraînement n'est obtenu que durant une demi-rotation de chaque manivelle consécutive à l'extension des jambes respectives. Cependant, le mouvement des jambes n'est pas un simple mouvement d'extension, du fait que les pieds suivent la rotation des pédales de sorte que les jambes exécutent un véritable mouvement de bielle. Ce mouvement convient surtout lorsque la position du corps est sensiblement verticale ou que le corps est penché vers l'avant comme sur une bicyclette. Par contre ce mouvement de bielle est moins facile à exécuter à partir d'un siège avec le corps incliné vers l'arrière. En outre, dans cette position inclinée vers l'arrière, le poids du corps ne peut pas être utilisé pour renforcer l'action musculaire.The muscular propulsion of a vehicle, in particular of a vehicle with a rotary drive member, requires the transformation of the alternative movements of the limbs, arms or legs of the human body into a unidirectional rotation of the rotary drive member. One of the most well-known means of transformation is the crankset used on bicycles, which is simply a system for driving a wheel by two cranks offset by 180 ° relative to one another. The torque resulting from the application of a force on these cranks varies as a function of the angular position of the cranks relative to the direction of the force exerted. The crankset is indeed a mechanism for transforming alternative movements of the legs or arms into a continuous rotary movement insofar as the drive is obtained only during a half-rotation of each crank following the extension of the respective legs. However, the movement of the legs is not a simple extension movement, since the feet follow the rotation of the pedals so that the legs perform a real connecting rod movement. This movement is especially suitable when the position of the body is substantially vertical or when the body is leaning forward like on a bicycle. On the other hand, this connecting rod movement is less easy to execute from a seat with the body tilted backwards. In addition, in this tilted back position, the body weight cannot be used to strengthen muscle action.

D'autres solutions ont déjà été proposées, pour remplacer le mécanisme de pédalier par un mécanisme utilisant deux leviers oscillants, un élément de transmission souple associé à un arbre d'entraînement par l'intermédiaire d'une roue libre. De tels mécanismes doivent recourir à un organe de rappel destiné à ramener les leviers en arrière. L'actionnement des leviers en opposition de phase assure la continuité de l'entraînement. L'organe de rappel utilisé dans les mécanismes connus est constitué par un ressort fil enroulé en hélice aussi appelé ressort à boudin, dont une extrémité est fixée au bâti et l'autre à une extrémité de l'élément de transmission souple. L'inconvénient de cette solution réside dans le fait que plus on écarte le levier de sa position de repos, plus s'accroît le proportion d'énergie perdue utilisée pour tendre le ressort de rappel au détriment de celle utilisée pour entraîner le véhicule. Inversement, la force de rappel diminue au fur et à mesure que le levier se rapproche de sa position de repos. Il résulte de ce mécanisme une perte d'énergie appréciable. Il faut encore ajouter à ceci que les deux leviers d'entraînement sont cinématiquement indépendants l'un de l'autre de sorte que l'énergie accumulée dans chaque ressort l'est en pure perte. En outre, la démuitipiica- tion entre les leviers d'entraînement et l'arbre d'entraînement du véhicule est fixe, ce qui en limite notablement ses performances.Other solutions have already been proposed, to replace the bottom bracket mechanism by a mechanism using two oscillating levers, a flexible transmission element associated with a drive shaft via a free wheel. Such mechanisms must use a return member intended to bring the levers back. The actuation of the levers in phase opposition ensures the continuity of the drive. The return member used in the known mechanisms consists of a wire spring wound in a helix also called a coil spring, one end of which is fixed to the frame and the other at one end of the flexible transmission element. The drawback of this solution lies in the fact that the further the lever is moved from its rest position, the more the proportion of waste energy used to tension the return spring increases to the detriment of that used to drive the vehicle. Conversely, the restoring force decreases as the lever approaches its rest position. This mechanism results in an appreciable loss of energy. It should also be added to this that the two drive levers are kinematically independent of each other so that the energy accumulated in each spring is in pure loss. In addition, the demuitification between the drive levers and the vehicle drive shaft is fixed, which significantly limits its performance.

Il a par ailleurs déjà été proposé d'associer à un système de propulsion à pédale un mécanisme d'entraînement à bras. A cet effet, l'arbre du pédalier est muni d'une bielle destinée à être actionnée par un levier oscillant. Il est à noter que l'apport d'énergie supplémentaire qui peut être obtenu par ce système est faible. En outre, il présente l'inconvénient d'associer deux entraînements utilisant l'un une rotation, l'autre une oscillation et que la synchronisation des deux mouvements est physiologiquement difficile à réaliser.It has moreover already been proposed to combine with a pedal propulsion system an arm drive mechanism. To this end, the crankshaft is provided with a connecting rod intended to be actuated by an oscillating lever. It should be noted that the additional energy supply which can be obtained by this system is low. In addition, it has the disadvantage of associating two drives using one a rotation, the other an oscillation and that the synchronization of the two movements is physiologically difficult to achieve.

Le but de la présente invention est de remédier, au moins partiellement, aux inconvénients des solutions susmentionnées.The object of the present invention is to remedy, at least partially, the drawbacks of the above-mentioned solutions.

A cet effet, cette invention a pour objet un dispositif de propulsion musculaire notamment pour un véhicule présentant au moins trois points d'appui, comprenant une paire de leviers, articulés autour d'un axe commun, deux éléments de transmission souples fixés par une de leurs extrémités respectives aux leviers respectifs à une certaine distance des points de pivotement de ces leviers et à leurs autres extrémités à des ressorts de rappel respectifs, chacun des éléments de transmission souples étant relié à l'arbre d'entraînement du véhicule par un mécanisme à roue libre. Ce dispositif est caractérisé par le fait que lesdits ressorts de rappel sont constitués par deux lames enroulées en spirale dont l'une des extrémités respectives est solidaire de la seconde extrémité de l'un desdits éléments de transmission souples, tandis que l'autre de ces extrémités est solidaire du moyeu d'une roue libre montée coaxialement audit arbre d'entraînement.To this end, the subject of this invention is a muscular propulsion device, in particular for a vehicle having at least three support points, comprising a pair of levers, articulated around a common axis, two flexible transmission elements fixed by one of their respective ends to the respective levers at a certain distance from the pivot points of these levers and at their other ends to respective return springs, each of the flexible transmission elements being connected to the drive shaft of the vehicle by a mechanism freewheel. This device is characterized by the fact that said return springs consist of two blades wound in a spiral, one of the respective ends of which is integral with the second end of one of said flexible transmission elements, while the other of these ends is integral with the hub of a freewheel mounted coaxially with said drive shaft.

Le dessin annexé illustre, très schématiquement et à titre d'exemple, une forme d'exécution et une variante du dispositif objet de l'invention.

  • La figure 1 est une vue en perspective illustrant le principe de base de ce dispositif.
  • La figure 2 est une vue en élévation latérale d'un véhicule propulsé par ce dispositif, selon cette forme d'exécution.
  • La figure 3 est une vue de dessus de la figure 2.
  • La figure 4 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne IV-IV de la figure 2 et à plus grande échelle.
  • La figure 5 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne V-V de la figure 4.
  • La figure 6 est une vue de détail agrandie selon la ligne VI-VI de la figure 3.
  • La figure 7 est une vue agrandie d'un détail de la figure 2.
  • La figure 8 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne VIII-VIII de la figure 7.
  • La figure 9 est une vue en coupe agrandie selon la ligne IX-IX de la figure 2.
  • La figure 10 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne X-X de la figure 9.
  • La figure 11 est une vue en élévation partielle d'une variante de la forme d'exécution des figures 2 à 10.
The attached drawing illustrates, very schematically and by way of example, an embodiment and a variant of the device which is the subject of the invention.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view illustrating the basic principle of this device.
  • Figure 2 is a side elevational view of a vehicle powered by this device, according to this embodiment.
  • Figure 3 is a top view of Figure 2.
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view along the line IV-IV of Figure 2 and on a larger scale.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view along the line VV of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged detail view along the line VI-VI of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a detail of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view along line VIII-VIII of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged sectional view along the line IX-IX of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 10 is a sectional view along line XX of FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 11 is a partial elevation view of a variant of the embodiment of FIGS. 2 to 10.

La figure 1 illustre très schématiquement le dispositif de propulsion selon l'invention qui comporte essentiellement deux leviers 1 et 1a articulés autour d'un axe commun 2 et qui se terminent par des pédales 3, 3a. Chaque levier 1, 1a est relié à un arbre d'entraînement 4 par l'intermédiaire d'un élément de transmission souple, dans cet exemple un câble 5, 5a et d'un ressort de rappel 6, 6a. Ces ressorts sont constitués par des lames enroulées en spirale autour de l'arbre 4 en position de repos et fixées à cet arbre par une de leur extrémités, tandis que l'autre extrémité de chaque ressort est fixée à un des câbles 5, 5a. Ces câbles sont fixés aux leviers 1, 1a par l'intermédiaire de coulisseaux respectifs 7, 7a.FIG. 1 very schematically illustrates the propulsion device according to the invention which essentially comprises two levers 1 and 1a articulated around a common axis 2 and which terminate in pedals 3, 3a. Each lever 1, 1a is connected to a drive shaft 4 via a flexible transmission element, in this example a cable 5, 5a and a return spring 6, 6a. These springs consist of blades wound in a spiral around the shaft 4 in the rest position and fixed to this shaft by one of their ends, while the other end of each spring is fixed to one of the cables 5, 5a. These cables are fixed to the levers 1, 1a by means of respective slides 7, 7a.

Les figures 7 et 8 illustrent le détail de la fixation du câble 5 au levier 1. On constate que le câble 5 doit constamment faire un angle α aigu avec la tangente à la courbure du levier 1 passant par le point d'ancrage du câble 5. Cet angle α aigu assure une force qui tend constamment à tirer le coulisseau 7 vers l'extrémité du levier 1. Des éléments de positionnement souples, dans cet exemple, des câbles 8, 8a retiennent les coulisseaux respectifs 7, 7a en passant autour de l'axe 2 de pivotement des leviers 1, 1a et sont fixés au chassis du véhicule par un organe de réglage 9 illustré plus en détail par les figures 9 et 10. Comme on le constate, cet organe de réglage 9 présente une poignée de manoeuvre 9a, solidaire d'un cliquet 9b en prise avec une crémaillère 10 solidaire du bâti du véhicule sous l'action d'un ressort 11. Le déplacement du cliquet 9b le long de la crémaillère 10 permet de modifier la longueur des câbles 8, 8a entre l'axe 2 des leviers 1, 1a et leurs points d'ancrage respectifs à ces leviers. Par conséquent, les points d'ancrage des câbles 5, 5a par rapport à l'axe des leviers 1, 1a sont réglables par ce moyen. Il en résulte que le rapport entre le déplacement angulaire des leviers et le nombre de tours de l'arbre d'entraînement 4 est variable.Figures 7 and 8 illustrate the detail of the fixing of the cable 5 to the lever 1. It can be seen that the cable 5 must constantly make an acute angle α with the tangent to the curvature of the lever 1 passing through the anchoring point of the cable 5 This acute angle α ensures a force which constantly tends to pull the slide 7 towards the end of the lever 1. Flexible positioning elements, in this example, cables 8, 8a retain the respective slides 7, 7a passing around the pivot axis 2 of the levers 1, 1a and are fixed to the chassis of the vehicle by an adjustment member 9 illustrated in more detail in FIGS. 9 and 10. As can be seen, this adjustment member 9 has an operating handle 9a, integral with a pawl 9b engaged with a rack 10 integral with the vehicle frame under the action of a spring 11. The displacement of the pawl 9b along the rack 10 makes it possible to modify the length of the cables 8, 8a between the axis 2 of the levers 1, 1a and their anchor points respective to these levers. Consequently, the anchoring points of the cables 5, 5a relative to the axis of the levers 1, 1a are adjustable by this means. As a result, the ratio between the angular displacement of the levers and the number of turns of the drive shaft 4 is variable.

Les principes généraux du dispositif de propulsion étant décrits, nous nous reporterons maintenant plus particulièrement aux figures 2 et 3 illustrant un véhicule dont le dispositif de propulsion est basé sur le principe de celui illustré schématiquement par la figure 1.The general principles of the propulsion device having been described, we will now refer more particularly to FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrating a vehicle whose propulsion device is based on the principle of that schematically illustrated in FIG. 1.

On reconnaît sur ces figures 2 et 3 les leviers 1 et 1a, leur axe d'articulation 2 ainsi que les pédales 3 et 3a, les éléments de transmission souples 5 et 5a et l'arbre d'entraînement 4.These levers 1 and 1a, their hinge pin 2 as well as the pedals 3 and 3a, the flexible transmission elements 5 and 5a and the drive shaft 4 can be recognized in these figures 2 and 3.

On reconnaît également sur ces figures le mécanisme de changement du rapport de transmission comprenant les câbles 8 et 8a ainsi que la poignée de manoeuvre 9a.We also recognize in these figures the mechanism for changing the transmission ratio comprising the cables 8 and 8a as well as the operating handle 9a.

L'ensemble du dispositif de propulsion avec son mécanisme de changement du rapport de transmission est monté, dans cet exemple, sur un véhicule à trois roues 12a, 12b et 12c, dont deux se trouvent à l'avant et une à l'arrière, montées sur un chassis 13 portant un siège 14 et un dossier 15.The entire propulsion device with its transmission ratio change mechanism is mounted, in this example, on a three-wheeled vehicle 12a, 12b and 12c, two of which are at the front and one at the rear, mounted on a frame 13 carrying a seat 14 and a backrest 15.

Dans la forme d'exécution illustrée par les figures 2 et 3, le dispositif de propulsion de la figure 1 est associé à une seconde paire de leviers 16 et 16a articulés autour d'un axe 17 parallèle à l'axe 2. Ces leviers sont articulés par ailleurs à deux tiges de commande respectives 18, 18a qui se terminent par des poignées 19, respectivement 19a.In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, the propulsion device of FIG. 1 is associated with a second pair of levers 16 and 16a articulated around an axis 17 parallel to the axis 2. These levers are also articulated to two respective control rods 18, 18a which end in handles 19, 19a respectively.

La figure 4 illustre le détail du mécanisme de liaison entre les leviers 1, 1a d'une part, et 16, 16a d'autre part. On reconnaît sur cette figure 4 les deux axes d'articulation parallèles 2 et 17 des leviers 1, 1a a respectivement des leviers 16, 16a. Ces leviers 16 et 16a sont solidaires de deux arbres respectifs 20, 20a coaxiaux à l'axe 17 et indépendants l'un de l'autre. L'arbre 20a est solidaire d'un organe d'embrayage à roue libre 21a associé à un pignon 22a, pivoté autour de l'arbre 20a. De même l'arbre 20 est solidaire d'un organe d'embrayage à roue libre 21 associé à un pignon 22 pivoté autour de l'arbre 20. Chacun des pignons 22 et 22a est en prise avec un pignon 23 respectivement 23a coaxial à l'axe d'articulation 2 des leviers 1, 1a, ces pignons 23, 23a étant solidaires de ces leviers respectifs. Il résulte de cette disposition que, la course motrice des leviers 1, 1a se produisant lorsque l'utilisateur exerce une poussée avec les pieds (voir fig. 2) sur les pédales 3, 3a, l'embrayage unidirectionnel entre les pignons 22, 22a d'une part et 23, 23a d'autre part doit être choisi de manière que les pignons 22, 22a sont entraînés par les organes d'embrayage 21, 21a lorsqu'une traction des bras est exercée sur les leviers 16, 16a par l'intermédiaire des tiges 18 respectivement 18a. En effet, les pignons 22, 22a étant en prise directe avec les pignons 23 respectivement 23a, ils tournent donc en sens inverse l'un de l'autre, de sorte que les leviers 1, 1a sont moteurs lors d'une extension des jambes, tandis que les leviers 16, 16a le sont lors d'une traction des bras. Ce mouvement correspond sensiblement à celui d'un rameur. Toutefois, deux possibilités s'offrent, dans un cas, les mouvements des membres gauches sont en phase avec ceux des membres droits, dans l'autre cas, ils sont déphasés, grâce au dispositif illustré par la figure 5.FIG. 4 illustrates the detail of the connection mechanism between the levers 1, 1a on the one hand, and 16, 16a on the other hand. We recognize in this figure 4 the two parallel axes of articulation 2 and 17 of the levers 1, 1a respectively have levers 16, 16a. These levers 16 and 16a are integral with two respective shafts 20, 20a coaxial with the axis 17 and independent of each other. The shaft 20a is integral with a freewheel clutch member 21a associated with a pinion 22a, pivoted around the shaft 20a. Similarly, the shaft 20 is integral with a freewheel clutch member 21 associated with a pinion 22 pivoted around the shaft 20. Each of the pinions 22 and 22a is engaged with a pinion 23 respectively 23a coaxial with the hinge axis 2 of the levers 1, 1a, these pinions 23, 23a being integral with these respective levers. It follows from this arrangement that, the driving stroke of the levers 1, 1a occurring when the user exerts a push with the feet (see fig. 2) on the pedals 3, 3a, the one-way clutch between the pinions 22, 22a on the one hand and 23, 23a on the other hand must be chosen so that the pinions 22, 22a are driven by the clutch members 21, 21a when a traction of the arms is exerted on the levers 16, 16a by l 'intermediate rods 18 respectively 18a. Indeed, the pinions 22, 22a being in direct engagement with the pinions 23 respectively 23a, they therefore rotate in opposite directions to one another, so that the levers 1, 1a are motors during an extension of the legs , while the levers 16, 16a are when pulling the arms. This movement corresponds substantially to that of a rower. However, two possibilities are offered, in one case, the movements of the left members are in phase with those of the right members, in the other case, they are out of phase, thanks to the device illustrated in FIG. 5.

Sur cette figure, on reconnaît l'axe d'articulation 2 des leviers 1, 1a indépendants l'un de l'autre et leurs pignons 23, 23a dont une portion est conique. Ces deux pignons sont reliés l'un à l'autre par un pignon de renvoi conique 24 pivoté sur un support 25 monté rotativement autour de l'axe 2, l'axe de ce renvoi s'étendant radialement par rapport à l'axe 2 de pivotement des pignons 23, 23a. Le support 25 présente un tenon 26 qui s'étend à l'extérieur d'un carter 27 solidaire du bâti 13 et renfermant l'ensemble du mécanisme des figures 4 et 5. Un levier de blocage 28 articulé autour d'un pivot 29 sur le carter 27 sert à verrouiller angulairement le tenon 26, empêchant alors le support de tourner autour de l'axe 2.In this figure, we recognize the articulation axis 2 of the levers 1, 1a independent of one another and their pinions 23, 23a of which a portion is conical. These two pinions are connected to each other by a conical bevel gear 24 pivoted on a support 25 rotatably mounted about the axis 2, the axis of this gear extending radially relative to the axis 2 pivoting pinions 23, 23a. The support 25 has a tenon 26 which extends outside a casing 27 integral with the frame 13 and containing the whole of the mechanism of FIGS. 4 and 5. A locking lever 28 articulated around a pivot 29 on the casing 27 serves to angularly lock the tenon 26, thus preventing the support from turning around the axis 2.

Par conséquent, si le support est libre autour de l'axe 2, les leviers 1 et 1a sont totalement indépendants l'un de l'autre et peuvent être actionnés de façon absolument quelconque.Consequently, if the support is free around the axis 2, the levers 1 and 1a are completely independent of each other and can be actuated in any way whatsoever.

Au contraire, lorsque le tenon 26 est verrouillé par le levier de blocage 28, les leviers 1 et 1a ne peuvent être déplacés qu'en opposition de phase, correspondant à un mouvement alterné des jambes.On the contrary, when the pin 26 is locked by the locking lever 28, the levers 1 and 1a can only be moved in phase opposition, corresponding to an alternating movement of the legs.

Le mécanisme d'entraînement décrit offre donc une grande flexibilité dans le choix des mouvements. C'est ainsi que la liaison à roue libre entre les leviers 1, 1a d'une part et 16, 16a d'autre part permet d'utiliser séparément soit les jambes soit les bras, soit encore les jambes et les bras simultanément. En outre, les mouvements respectifs des membres gauches et droits peuvent être alternés en particulier si le support 25 est bloqué angulairement ou, si ce support 25 est débloqué, les mouvements des jambes et ceux des bras peuvent être en phase à l'instar des mouvements d'un rameur. C'est ce dernier cas qui permet d'obtenir l'énergie instantanée maximale, tandis que les mouvements déphasés permettent d'obtenir une production d'énergie sensiblement continue.The drive mechanism described therefore offers great flexibility in the choice of movements. Thus the freewheeling connection between the levers 1, 1a on the one hand and 16, 16a on the other hand makes it possible to use either the legs or the arms separately, or even the legs and the arms simultaneously. In addition, the respective movements of the left and right limbs can be alternated in particular if the support 25 is angularly blocked or, if this support 25 is unlocked, the movements of the legs and those of the arms can be in phase like the movements. of a rower. It is the latter case which makes it possible to obtain the maximum instantaneous energy, while the phase shifted movements make it possible to obtain a substantially continuous energy production.

La figure 6 illustre le mécanisme de transmission de l'énergie des leviers 1, 1a, 16, 16a sur la roue arrière 12c. Les ressorts 6, 6a sont fixés par une de leurs extrémités à un organe d'embrayage à roue libre, dont l'un 30 est visible en coupe sur la figure 6. Cet organe est associé au moyeu de la roue 12c, l'embrayage entre l'organe 30 et ce moyeu étant choisi de manière que l'entraînement du moyeu se produise lorsqu'une traction est exercée sur le ressort de rappel 6.FIG. 6 illustrates the mechanism for transmitting the energy of the levers 1, 1a, 16, 16a on the rear wheel 12c. The springs 6, 6a are fixed by one of their ends to a freewheel clutch member, one of which is visible in section in FIG. 6. This member is associated with the hub of the wheel 12c, the clutch between the member 30 and this hub being chosen so that the drive of the hub occurs when traction is exerted on the return spring 6.

L'avantage de cette disposition réside essentiellement dans le fait qu'un ressort tel que le ressort 6 présente des propriétés voisines d'un ressort moteur de mouvement d'horlogerie, la différence essentielle résidant dans le fait qu'il travaille en sens contraire, c'est-à-dire qu'il s'arme quand on le déroule et se désarme quand on l'enroule. Cette différence provient uniquement de la forme initialement donnée à ce ressort. Or, on sait que le ressort de mouvement d'horlogerie est capable de délivrer une force sensiblement constante sur la majeure partie de sa course de désarmage. Par conséquent, la force de rappel des ressorts 6, 6a est très peu dépendante de la course des points d'ancrage des câbles 5, 5a sur les leviers 1, 1a. Contrairement aux mécanismes utilisant des leviers à mouvement alternatif et des câbles ou des chaînes de transmission associés à des ressorts de rappel à boudins travaillant en traction, la force de rappel ne croît pratiquement pas en fonction de la longueur de la course de l'élément de transmission souple. Par conséquent, la perte d'énergie peut être considérablement réduite, notamment lorsque le rapport de transmission est élevé, c'est-à-dire lorsque l'on choisit une course des câbles 5, 5a longue, à l'aide de l'organe de réglage 9. De plus, lorsque les deux leviers 1 et 1a sont rendus cinématiquement solidaires l'un de l'autre par le blocage du tenon 26 par le levier 28, l'énergie emmagasinée par l'armage des ressorts de rappel respectifs 6, 6a est partiellement récupérée par l'autre levier lors du désarmage de ce même ressort. En fait, si le dispositif d'entraînement était limité à l'utilisation dans laquelle les leviers 1, 1a sont cinématiquement solidaires, les ressorts 6, 6a ne serviraient qu'à assurer l'enroulement des câbles 5, 5a lors du retour des leviers et pourraient développer une force extrêmement faible étant donné que dans ce cas la pression exercée sur un des leviers 1, 1a ramène automatiquement l'autre levier en arrière.The advantage of this arrangement lies essentially in the fact that a spring such as the spring 6 has properties similar to a clockwork movement mainspring, the essential difference residing in the fact that it works in the opposite direction, that is to say, it arms when you unwind it and disarms when you wind it. This difference comes only from the shape initially given to this spring. Now, we know that the clockwork movement spring is capable of delivering a substantially constant force over most of its disarming stroke. Consequently, the return force of the springs 6, 6a is very little dependent on the travel of the cable anchoring points 5, 5a on the levers 1, 1a. Unlike mechanisms using reciprocating levers and cables or transmission chains associated with coil return springs working in traction, the return force hardly increases as a function of the length of the stroke of the element. flexible transmission. Consequently, the energy loss can be considerably reduced, in particular when the transmission ratio is high, that is to say when one chooses a cable run 5, 5a long, using the adjusting member 9. In addition, when the two levers 1 and 1a are made kinematically integral with one another by the locking of the lug 26 by the lever 28, the energy stored by the winding of the respective return springs 6, 6a is partially recovered by the other lever during the disarming of the same spring. In fact, if the drive device were limited to the use in which the levers 1, 1a are kinematically integral, the springs 6, 6a would only serve to ensure the winding of the cables 5, 5a when the levers return and could develop an extremely weak force since in this case the pressure exerted on one of the levers 1, 1a automatically brings the other lever back.

Dans la version du véhicule illustrée par les figures 2 et 3, où les quatres membres peuvent coopérer à la propulsion du véhicule, il est nécessaire de prévoir un système qui permette de combiner à la fois l'entraînement et le guidage du véhicule. Un tel système n'est pas nécessaire pour comprendre l'invention et ne sera par conséquent décrit que succinctement. Il suffit d'indiquer ici que les tiges 18 et 18a peuvent être orientées autour de leurs axes longitudinaux respectifs et agir sur des câbles respectifs montés dans des gaines 31, respectivement 31a à l'instar des câbles de freins de bicyclette et qui sont fixés à des leviers 32, respectivement 32a reliés par une tringle 33 et solidaires des axes d'articulation des bras d'orientation 34a, 34b des roues 12a respectivement 12b. En agissant sur les tiges 18, 18a à l'aide des poignées 19, 19a en vue de les déplacer angulairement, ces tiges communiquent un mouvement angulaire correspondant aux leviers 32, 32a et par conséquent aux bras 34a, 34b. Bien entendu, la présence de la tringle de liaison 33 impose des déplacements angulaires identiques et de même sens aux leviers 32 et 32a, et par conséquent aux tiges de commande 18 et 18a.In the version of the vehicle illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, where the four members can cooperate in the propulsion of the vehicle, it is necessary to provide a system which makes it possible to combine both the drive and the guidance of the vehicle. Such a system is not necessary to understand the invention and will therefore only be described briefly. It suffices to indicate here that the rods 18 and 18a can be oriented around their respective longitudinal axes and act on respective cables mounted in sheaths 31, respectively 31a like the bicycle brake cables and which are fixed to levers 32, respectively 32a connected by a rod 33 and integral with the articulation axes of the orientation arms 34a, 34b of the wheels 12a respectively 12b. By acting on the rods 18, 18a using the handles 19, 19a in order to move them angularly, these rods communicate an angular movement corresponding to the levers 32, 32a and therefore to the arms 34a, 34b. Of course, the presence of the connecting rod 33 imposes identical angular displacements and in the same direction on the levers 32 and 32a, and consequently on the control rods 18 and 18a.

La variante de la figure 11 diffère de la forme d'exécution décrite précédemment, essentiellement en ce qui se rapporte à la liaison de l'entraînement par les bras avec les leviers d'entraînement à pédales. Cette variante vise principalement à rendre la construction plus légère.The variant of FIG. 11 differs from the embodiment described above, essentially as regards the connection of the drive by the arms with the pedal drive levers. This variant mainly aims to make the construction lighter.

A cet effet l'entraînement par les bras comporte un organe de guidage tubulaire 40 dans lequel deux tiges de sections semi-cylindriques sont montées coulissantes chacune étant solidaire d'une poignée latérale dont l'une 41 est visible sur la figure 11. Chaque tige logée dans l'organe de guidage 40 est reliée à l'un des leviers à pédales 1', 1'a tout à fait semblables à ceux de la forme d'exécution précédente, par un câble 42, 42a, fixé par une extrémité à l'une des tiges, passant autour d'une double poulie 43, pivotée sur un flasque 44 solidaire du châssis 45 et fixé à l'autre extrémité de guidage à un élément d'ancrage 46, respectivement 46a, des leviers 1' respectivement l'a.To this end, the drive by the arms comprises a tubular guide member 40 in which two rods of semi-cylindrical sections are slidably mounted, each being integral with a lateral handle, one of which is visible in FIG. 11. Each rod housed in the guide member 40 is connected to one of the pedal levers 1 ′, 1'a quite similar to those of the previous embodiment, by a cable 42, 42a, fixed by one end to one of the rods, passing around a double pulley 43, pivoted on a flange 44 integral with the chassis 45 and fixed at the other guide end to an anchoring element 46, respectively 46a, of the levers 1 'respectively l 'at.

Les câbles 8', 8'a servent, comme dans la forme d'exécution précédente, à régler la position des coulisseaux T, 7'a le long des leviers 1', l'a et sont à cet effet fixés à leurs autres extrémités à un organe de réglage 9' monté coulissant le long de l'organe de guidage tubulaire.The cables 8 ', 8'a are used, as in the previous embodiment, to adjust the position of the slides T, 7'a along the levers 1', has it and are for this purpose fixed at their other ends to an adjusting member 9 'slidably mounted along the tubular guide member.

Le mode d'entraînement du véhicule est par ailleurs complètement identique à celui de la forme d'exécution précédente et n'a donc pas besoin d'être décrit.The vehicle drive mode is also completely identical to that of the previous embodiment and therefore does not have need to be described.

Ce dispositif de propulsion décrit peut être utilisé pour n'importe quel type de véhicule présentant au moins trois points d'appui. Ce dispositif est également adaptable à un instrument destiné à l'entraînement musculaire en salle. Dans ce cas, seule la roue arrière 12c est nécessaire, cette roue étant en prise avec un organe destiné à créer une certaine résistance, afin de simuler les conditions de propulsion d'un véhicule. Bien entendu dans ce cas, le véhicule peut être simplifié, notamment les roues avant et le dispositif de guidage du véhicule illustré par les figures 2 et 3 peuvent être supprimées.This propulsion device described can be used for any type of vehicle having at least three support points. This device can also be adapted to an instrument intended for indoor muscle training. In this case, only the rear wheel 12c is necessary, this wheel being engaged with a member intended to create a certain resistance, in order to simulate the conditions of propulsion of a vehicle. Of course in this case, the vehicle can be simplified, in particular the front wheels and the vehicle guiding device illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3 can be omitted.

Claims (5)

1. A device propelled by muscle power in particular for a vehicle having at least three support points, comprising a pair of levers (1, 1a ; 1', 1'a) articulated about a common axis (2), two flexible transmission elements (5, 5a) fixed at one of their respective ends to the respective levers (1, 1a ; 1', 1'a) at a certain distance from the pivot points of these levers and at their other ends to respective return springs (6, 6a), each of the flexible transmission elements (5, 5a) being connected to a drive shaft (4) by means of a free wheel device (30), characterised in that the said return springs (6, 6a) are constituted by two spirally wound leaves one of the respective ends of which is rigid with the second end of one of the said flexible transmission elements (5, 5a), whilst the other of these ends is rigid with the hub of a free wheel (30) mounted coaxially to the drive shaft (4).
2. A device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that each flexible transmission element (5, 5a) is fixed to its lever (1, 1 a ; 1', 1'a) by means of a component (7, 7a ; 7', 7'a) mounted slidably along this lever, and subjected to two opposing forces, one exerted by the flexible transmission element (5, 5a) tending to move this component away from the pivot axis of the lever, the other exerted by a flexible positioning element (8, 8a ; 8', 8'a) supported about the pivot axis of the levers and fixed to the chassis of the vehicle by means of a mechanism (9, 9') for adjusting the length of this flexible positioning element between the pivoting axis and the sliding component.
3. A device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the said levers (1, la) are rigid with respective pinions (23, 23a) coaxial to the common axis of articulation (2) of these levers, these pinions being connected to one another by a reverser (24) mounted pivotably on a support (25) about an axis which is radial with respect to the axis of articulation, this support itself being mounted pivotably about the axis of articulation, means (26, 28) being provided for locking this support with respect to the axis of articulation (2).
4. A device as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that it comprises a second pair of levers (16, 16a) articulated about a second axis (17) parallel to the axis of the first pair of levers (1, 1 a), each of the levers of the second pair being connected to a pinion (22, 22a) coaxial to the axis of articulation of this second pair of levers by means of a free wheel coupling device (21, 21 a), each of these pinions being engaged with one of the pinions (23, 23a) rigid with the first pair of levers (1, la).
5. A device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that it comprises two rods mounted slidably in a tubular guide element (40), each of these rods being connected to one of the said levers (1', 1'a) at a distance from their pivoting axis by two respective cables (42, 42a) fixed at one end to one of the rods passing about a double guide pulley (43) and fixed at the other end to the respective levers (1', 1'a).
EP19780200055 1977-06-29 1978-06-20 Muscular propulsion device, in particular for a vehicle Expired EP0000228B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH797077 1977-06-29
CH7970/77 1977-06-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0000228A1 EP0000228A1 (en) 1979-01-10
EP0000228B1 true EP0000228B1 (en) 1981-03-25

Family

ID=4333161

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19780200055 Expired EP0000228B1 (en) 1977-06-29 1978-06-20 Muscular propulsion device, in particular for a vehicle

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0000228B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5414828A (en)
DE (1) DE2860557D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU584821B1 (en) * 1987-11-02 1989-06-01 Hong Rong Lian A children's mini-car
AU634520B2 (en) * 1989-02-23 1993-02-25 Douglas Michael Young Apparatus for the transmission of power to a rotating member
US5272928A (en) * 1989-02-23 1993-12-28 Young Douglas M Apparatus for the transmission of power to a rotating member
DE9115059U1 (en) * 1991-12-04 1992-02-13 Baptistella, Heinz
EP0706934B1 (en) * 1994-10-12 1999-09-22 Maresch, Herbert, sen. Muscle-powered sports apparatus
AT407867B (en) * 1999-11-24 2001-07-25 Maresch Herbert Sen Three wheeler
FR2878815A1 (en) * 2004-12-08 2006-06-09 Raymond Roger Pierre Laurent Belt mechanism for e.g. bicycle, has levers receiving belt driving force applied by user, and having link point for connection to belts driven on pulleys joined to free wheel, where belts are maintained at constant tension by return spring
WO2008101502A1 (en) 2007-02-20 2008-08-28 Jensen Palle R Vehicle for carrying a standing person
ITMC20130003A1 (en) * 2013-01-14 2014-07-15 Paolo Boldrini INDEPENDENT PEDAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL40551C (en) *
US1368696A (en) * 1920-01-30 1921-02-15 Butterfield Louis Martin Toy vehicle
FR564577A (en) * 1922-07-13 1924-01-05 Transmission mechanism for all light vehicles
FR907922A (en) * 1944-11-22 1946-03-26 Variable speed pedal thruster
US3759543A (en) * 1972-05-22 1973-09-18 M Clark Variable speed lever action bicycle drive
US3913945A (en) * 1974-05-01 1975-10-21 Marion A Clark Bicycle with variable speed lever action drive

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2860557D1 (en) 1981-04-16
EP0000228A1 (en) 1979-01-10
JPS5414828A (en) 1979-02-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2010427B1 (en) Bicycle equipped with a pedal crank and propelled by the rider with his feet moving up and down
EP0000228B1 (en) Muscular propulsion device, in particular for a vehicle
EP0907549B1 (en) Man-propelled vehicle, such as in particular a cycle
FR2843090A1 (en) Hand-pull powered scooter has actuation bar whose lower end moves together with horizontal rack in reciprocative movement via ends of several connecting rods
EP0311536A2 (en) Control for gearchanges for bicycles or similar vehicles
WO2006059003A1 (en) Transmission device for bicycles and the like
FR2686305A1 (en) Propulsive handlebars for a bicycle
EP0071498B1 (en) Transmission with incorporated gear regulator
FR2726532A1 (en) Device for transformation of bicycle crank lever oscillations into continuous rotational movement
FR2519062A1 (en) Tensioner for roller blind - comprises two folding arms which are biassed by internal springs
FR2529146A1 (en) SEAT, IN PARTICULAR VEHICLE SEAT
WO1995019909A1 (en) Device for increasing efficiency of the thrust made by means of pedal cranks on bicycles and the like
EP2349516B1 (en) Flying toy able to move by the flapping of wings
EP3239786B1 (en) Mechanism for driving an animation of a clock movement
WO1991009766A1 (en) Mechanical conversion device of the double-crank type with variable angular offset of the cranks, and crank gear obtained with such device
EP0837812B2 (en) Stress compensation device for the cable-type control of a derailleur, particularly for a bicycle
FR2878815A1 (en) Belt mechanism for e.g. bicycle, has levers receiving belt driving force applied by user, and having link point for connection to belts driven on pulleys joined to free wheel, where belts are maintained at constant tension by return spring
FR2917060A1 (en) Bicycle's crankset, has connection elements formed of driving cranks of driving pedals and rod, which is articulated on rotating plate of movement transmission mechanisms and on driving cranks
FR2624087A1 (en) Propulsion system for a vehicle, particularly bicycle, using the muscular energy of the arms and legs
FR2722163A1 (en) Oscillating pedal gear for bicycles
FR2787413A1 (en) Arm and leg powered bicycle has handles mounted on tilting levers attached to sides of seat tube
EP4204299A1 (en) Device driving the flapping of a carrier plane
FR2964360A1 (en) MECHANICAL DEVICE WITH LEVER ARM OF VARIABLE LENGTH
FR2567838A1 (en) Cycle with hand and foot propulsion
FR2866624A1 (en) Mechanical transmission device for bicycle, has lever arm equipped with rotating roller placed at its end and moveable slider that is moved and positioned on arm by drive cable actuated by cyclist

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): BE CH DE FR GB LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed
GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): BE CH DE FR GB LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 2860557

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19810416

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19810630

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 19890628

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19890628

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19890629

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19890630

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19890630

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19890712

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19890731

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19890927

Year of fee payment: 12

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19900620

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19900621

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19900630

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19900630

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: CLIPPER TRUST COMPANY REG.

Effective date: 19900630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19910101

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee
NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19910228

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19910301

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 78200055.8

Effective date: 19910206

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT