EP0000087B1 - Aqueous air-drying alkyd dispersions and their use - Google Patents

Aqueous air-drying alkyd dispersions and their use Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0000087B1
EP0000087B1 EP78200039A EP78200039A EP0000087B1 EP 0000087 B1 EP0000087 B1 EP 0000087B1 EP 78200039 A EP78200039 A EP 78200039A EP 78200039 A EP78200039 A EP 78200039A EP 0000087 B1 EP0000087 B1 EP 0000087B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alkyd
water
dispersion
weight
drying
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP78200039A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0000087A1 (en
Inventor
Eimbert Gerrit Belder
John Charles Legg
Robert Van Der Linde
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unilever PLC
Unilever NV
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Unilever PLC
Unilever NV
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Application filed by Unilever PLC, Unilever NV filed Critical Unilever PLC
Publication of EP0000087A1 publication Critical patent/EP0000087A1/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D167/00—Coating compositions based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D167/08—Polyesters modified with higher fatty oils or their acids, or with natural resins or resin acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/66—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
    • C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
    • C08K5/0041—Optical brightening agents, organic pigments
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps

Definitions

  • This invention relates to aqueous air-drying alkyd dispersions and their use as water-based paints with a gloss finish.
  • Water-based paints having a gloss finish have been known for some time.
  • Water-dispersibility of the alkyds which constitute the resin of these paints has been conferred generally by including in the alkyd alkylene oxide groups from e.g. polyethylene glycol in an amount of at least 9 weight percent of the alkyd resin.
  • Brackets indicate examples describing aqueous emulsions containing the alkyd. Apparently there is a clear discrepancy between the percentages of polyalkylene glycol used in the Examples and the 1% mentioned in the specification.
  • the carboxyl groups of the alkyds are neutralized with ammonia or amine which contributes greatly to the hydrophilic character.
  • a lower acid value means less ionized or hydrophylic groups. Also - all other things being. equal - a lower acid value points to a higher average-molecular weight, which again renders it more difficult to obtain a stable aqueous emulsion from the alkyd with the lower acid value.
  • FR-A 1,555,644 it is observed that it discloses alkyds and emulsions thereof containing from 10-20% of polyethylene glycol (cf. page 3, left-hand column. lines 4 and 5), but according to this specification one might deviate from this range.
  • Examples 1 and 2 describe alkyd resins containing 180 parts of polyethylene glycol on a total charge of 2030 parts, developing 130 parts of water i.e. 9.5% and 142 parts on a total charge of 1086 parts, developing 65 parts of water i.e. 13.9% of polyethylene glycol respectively.
  • styrene is also added before emulsifying and is therefore not quite pertinent.
  • Example 4 namely, refers to Example 1, but mentions polyoxyethylene-castor oil containing varying molar ratios of ethylene oxide to castor oil, viz. 0, 10, 20, 50, 100, 150 and 200, corresponding to percentages of 0, 32, 49, 70, 83, 88 and 90.
  • the amount of polyethylene oxide in the polyester after admixture with diallylphthalate yields the following percentages: 6.7; 8.9; 10.1; 11.5; 12.4; 12.7; 12.8.
  • French Patent Specification FR-A 22 53 057 discloses air-drying alkyd mixtures consisting of a non-emulsifying resin and 6-12% of an emulsifying resin containing 50-70% of polyethylene glycol. Consequently, these air-drying alkyd mixtures contain 3-8.4% of polyethylene glycol.
  • the actual specific disclosure is, however, higher, namely 4%.
  • Table II there is a specific disclosure of a mixture containing resin A4 and 8% emulsifying resin E5 which contains 50% of polyethylene glycol. Consequently, the specific disclosure goes down to only 4% PEG instead of 3% of polyethylene glycol in an air-drying alkyd, and this relates to a mixture of a non-emulsifying resin with an emulsifying resin.
  • Resins A3 and A6 are, according to page 8, last five lines and page 9, Table 1 of the Specification, first well homogenized with the emulsifying resin E1 or E2 in amounts of 15% and 14% and only then emulsified in water.
  • Emulsifying resins E1 and E2 contain 26% and 22% of alkylene oxide groups respectively.
  • DE-A 26 22 646 specifically discloses an alkyd resin with a percentage of alkylene oxide groups of 1.4 in Example A6, such a resin is emulsified only after incorporating additional alkylene oxide groups by means of emulsifying resin so that the resin mixture emulsified contains 4.3% of alkylene oxide groups.
  • a resin is emulsified only after incorporating additional alkylene oxide groups by means of emulsifying resin so that the resin mixture emulsified contains 4.3% of alkylene oxide groups.
  • Clearly alkyd resins containing 1.0 (Ex. A3) or 1.4% (Ex. A6) were considered unsuitable for direct emulsification and the incorporation of emulsifying resin was deemed necessary.
  • the present invention provides an aqueous dispersion of an air drying alkyd containing alkylene oxide groups, characterized in that the alkyd contains 1.5-2.75% of alkylene oxide radicals and has an acid value of 5-20 mg KOH/g and a hydroxyl value of 5-125 mg KOH/g, the weight ratio of alkyd to water being from 30:70 to 70:30; in the presence of a nonionic emulsifying agent in an amount of 0.25-5% by weight based on the dispersion; a C 2- C 6 alcohol in an amount of 0-10% by weight; and a volatile water-soluble base in an amount of 0.05-5% by weight, with the proviso that the pH of the dispersion ranges between 5 and 9.
  • Dispersions in which the alkyd has an acid value of 7-14 mg KOH/g and a hydroxyl value of 10-75 mg KOH/g are preferred.
  • alkyd resin a polyester product composed of polyhydric alcohols, polybasic acids and monobasic fatty acid (cf. Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology, Vot.1, page 663, Interscience New York).
  • alkyd resin a substantial amount of the fatty acids are polyunsaturated and usually derived from (semi) drying oils.
  • alkyds are based on a drying oil or suitable unsaturated fatty acids, a polyol, an aromatic and/or aliphatic polycarboxylic acid and an alkylene oxide addition product in which
  • the esterification reaction leading to the alkyd resin is conveniently carried out at a temperature of 180-260°C, whilst removing water or any other volatiles of the reaction.
  • the addition to the reaction mixture of an entrainment agent such as xylene for the removal of water by azeotropic distillation is preferred.
  • the reaction is optionally carried out in the presence of a catalyst.
  • Suitable catalysts are e.g. metal oxides, especially of the alkaline earth metals, in quantities of (1-10) x 10- 5 of the reaction mixture.
  • drying oil component any of the drying or semi-drying oils can be used; also fatty acids derived therefrom and other suitable unsaturated fatty acids, such as tall oil fatty acids, can be used.
  • Suitable oils are e.g. linseed oil, soyabean oil, perilla oil, safflower oil and dehydrated castor oil.
  • Modified (semi) drying oils such as e.g. styrenated oils can also be used.
  • Suitable styrenated alkyds can also be prepared by the addition of styrene to the alkyd at 140-160°C for a period of several hours until a suitable viscosity has been reached.
  • Analogously isocyanate-modified alkyds can be prepared.
  • any alcohol having 2-6 hydroxyl groups and 3-10 carbon atoms can be used. In general at least 50% of the polyol should contain at least 3 hydroxyl groups in the molecule.
  • Suitable alcohols are e.g. glycol, glycerol, trimethylol alkanes containing 1-3 carbon atoms in the alkane group, pentaerythritol, etc. These alcohols may also contain a smaller amount of higher oligomeric forms, such as e.g. dipentaerythritol.
  • polycarboxylic acid any acid containing 2-4 carboxyl groups and 3-9 carbon atoms in the molecule can be used. These acids may be aliphatic, aromatic or cycloaliphatic. Dicarboxylic acids are generally preferred as the major acid constituent. Suitable acids are the phthalic acids, maleic acids, fumaric acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid etc.
  • polyalkylene oxide compound any compound having the structure of a number of C 2 -C 4 alkylene oxide units attached to a C 1 -C a mono- or poly-hydroxy compound can be used, including the addition products of partial ethers of polyhydroxy compounds.
  • the average molecular weight of the alkylene oxide addition product which preferably is an ethylene oxide addition product, in particular polyethylene glycol, should range from 200 to 6,000, preferably from 1000 to 3000.
  • Polyethylene glycol is a preferred compound.
  • Certain ethylene oxide addition products are sold under the trade-name of Carbowax (ex. Union Carbide Co.).
  • the novel alkyd resins obtained upon esterification of the above components are yellow-brown semi-solid resins usually having a Gardner colour of 4-8, and can be worked into a stable aqueous dispersion.
  • the alkyd resin is optionally diluted with a minor amount of an organic solvent of the alcohol type such as a C 2 -C a mono- or diol, e.g. butanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or a half ether thereof in an amount of 0-10%, preferably 0-5% by weight.
  • the solvent if any, is added after cooling the alkyd to a temperature of 60-150°C, dependent on the nature of the solvent. Whether or not a solvent is used depends, inter alia, on the viscosity of the alkyd.
  • the alkyd is then dispersed in water, using alkyd and water in weight ratios of 30:70 to 70:30, preferably demineralised water at a temperature of 20-100, preferably 50-90°C in the presence of 0.25-5, preferably 1-3 weight percent of an emulsifying agent and 0.05-5 weight percent of a volatile water-soluble base, preferably an amine.
  • the exact amount of base added is such that the final pH of the dispersion ranges between 5 and 9.
  • the dispersion is prepared by means ot a high speed dissolver, such as a Cowless disperser.
  • a high speed dissolver such as a Cowless disperser.
  • the emulsifying agent and the amine are previously dissolved in an aqueous phase.
  • the emulsifying agent is preferably of the nonionic or anionic type or a combination thereof. Certain combinations of a nonionic and an anionic yield excellent results.
  • an ethylene oxide addition product of a C 12- C 20 hydroxy or carboxyl compound carrying 2-50, preferably 4-20 ethylene oxide groups in the molecule is preferably used; in case an anionic is used, an alkali metal C 10 ⁇ C 22 soap, a sulfosuccinate or an inorganic C 10 ⁇ C 22 alkyl ether ester such as a polyalkoxysulphate or -phosphate is preferred.
  • the volatile base in particular water-soluble amino-compound used is preferably a C l -c 6 amine or alkanolamine and the amount of amine is so chosen that at least 30 equivalent percent, preferably at least 50 eq.% of the carboxyl groups of the alkyd (as evidenced by its acid value) is neutralized and the final pH of the dispersion ranges between 5 and 9.
  • a novel aqueous dispersion of an air-drying alkyd in water is obtained containing 30-70% by weight of alkyd and 70-30% by weight of water, preferably 50-70% by weight of alkyd, 50-30% by weight of water, 0.25-5% by weight of emulsifying agent and 0.05-5% by weight of a volatile base.
  • the average particle size of the dispersed alkyd may range between 0.5 and 1 5 microns.
  • the aqueous dispersion of an air-drying alkyd can be successfully used to prepare a water-based paint or like coating composition together with the usual adjuncts and 10-50% by weight based on the emulsion of a pigment.
  • Usual adjuncts are fillers, extenders and drying agents.
  • the stable alkyd emulsion itself is a colourless varnish and a starting material in the preparation of water-based paints.
  • the pigment fillers, extenders, drying agents and other adjuncts can be added directly to the aqueous dispersion of the alkyd, but it is generally preferred first to prepare a pigment paste and to incorporate this paste into the aqueous dispersion of the alkyd.
  • a dispersant and/or wetting agent, water and optionally an at least partially water-soluble solvent such as a glycol and a thickening agent/protective colloid are ground together until homogeneous.
  • the pigment content generally ranges between 33 and 66 parts by weight, the solvent content from 0-10 parts by weight and the wetting agent/dispersant from 2-10 parts by weight. In cases where high amounts of pigments (more than 50%, based on the emulsion) are used it may be difficult to obtain a glossy finish.
  • the pigment paste thus obtained is then dispersed in the aqueous dispersion of the alkyd by means of a high speed disperser or a similar device.
  • the aqueous dispersion of the alkyd may be present in one part by weight to 0.5 to 2 parts by weight of pigment paste, small amounts (a few percents) of one or more defoamers, a thickening agent and a few percent (calculated as free metal) of a drying agent, which is a mixture of metal salts such as cobalt, calcium and lead salts e.g. naphthenates in an organic solvent. Dispersing is continued until a fine dispersion has been obtained.
  • the water-based air-drying coating composition thus obtained is capable of drying to non-tack in 2-6 hours, yielding a gloss finish, dependent on the pigment content, which is water-resistant and hard.
  • a 3-litre, 4 necked reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, a gas inlet tube, a thermometer and a Dean and Stark apparatus connected to a condensor was charged with drying oil and/or fatty acid, polyol and calcium hydroxide as indicated in Table I and subsequently heated to 250°C under a nitrogen blanket, until alcoholysis was complete (checked by complete solubility of a sample in ethanol).
  • the mixture was then cooled to about 200°C and the acid/anhydride, polyalkylene oxide addition compound (Carbowax 1540) and optionally a polyol and xylene were added.
  • the contents of the flask were heated to 240-245°C while distilling off the reaction water azeotropically and maintained at this temperature until a sample of the resin had the indicated acid value and viscosity. See Table I.
  • the resin obtained as described under A was cooled to 140°C and added over a period of 1.5 h. to an aqueous phase having a temperature in the range from 20°-100°C, which contained the emulsifiers and base as indicated in Table II. Stirring was effected by means of a Cowless-type disperser.
  • the pigment was dispersed in water together with dispersants and a protective colloid.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
EP78200039A 1977-06-13 1978-06-12 Aqueous air-drying alkyd dispersions and their use Expired EP0000087B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2456277 1977-06-13
GB2456277 1977-06-13
GB1137978 1978-03-22
GB1137978 1978-03-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0000087A1 EP0000087A1 (en) 1978-12-20
EP0000087B1 true EP0000087B1 (en) 1981-09-09

Family

ID=26248235

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP78200039A Expired EP0000087B1 (en) 1977-06-13 1978-06-12 Aqueous air-drying alkyd dispersions and their use

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4299742A (da)
EP (1) EP0000087B1 (da)
AT (1) AT381112B (da)
DE (2) DE2861047D1 (da)
DK (1) DK149614C (da)
FR (1) FR2394565A1 (da)
NL (1) NL7806349A (da)
NO (1) NO146602C (da)

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JPS6039283B2 (ja) * 1980-06-12 1985-09-05 日立化成工業株式会社 ポリブタジエン変性不飽和ポリエステルの製造法
US4600441A (en) * 1985-03-21 1986-07-15 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Oil and dirt repellent alkyd paint
US5011883A (en) * 1990-02-07 1991-04-30 Ici Americas Inc. Stabilized polymer latex composition
SE467543B (sv) * 1990-11-23 1992-08-03 Berol Nobel Ab Vattenhaltig autoxidativt torkande alkydkomposition
US6333378B1 (en) 1997-08-12 2001-12-25 Eastman Chemical Company Acrylic modified waterborne alkyd or uralkyd dispersions
DE69824736T2 (de) 1997-08-12 2004-10-21 Eastman Chem Co Acrylmodifizierte wässrige alkyddispersionen
GB0025213D0 (en) * 2000-10-14 2000-11-29 Avecia Bv Polyester polymer compositions
US6727314B2 (en) 2001-12-13 2004-04-27 Basf Ag Crosslinking systems for acrylic latex films
US8722764B2 (en) * 2005-03-17 2014-05-13 Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Nanoparticle/vinyl polymer composites
ES2372663T3 (es) * 2008-12-29 2012-01-25 Rohm And Haas Company Pinturas de emulsión alquídica extendida de alto brillo.
CN102834473B (zh) 2010-02-11 2015-04-08 帝斯曼知识产权资产管理有限公司 作为用于涂料组合物的干燥剂的锰盐络合物
EP2875521B1 (en) * 2012-07-20 2020-03-11 FUJIFILM Corporation Etching method, and method of producing semiconductor substrate product and semiconductor device using the same
WO2014087418A1 (en) * 2012-12-05 2014-06-12 Asian Paints Ltd. Waterborne acrylic modified alkyd dispersions
US8987346B2 (en) 2013-05-31 2015-03-24 Lion Copolymer Geismar, Llc High solids cross-linked ethylene propylene diene terpolymer latex
US8859638B1 (en) 2013-05-31 2014-10-14 Lion Copolymer Geismar, Llc Method for making a high solids cross-linked ethylene propylene diene terpolymer latex

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NL101563C (da) * 1955-07-15
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US3297605A (en) * 1961-01-10 1967-01-10 Textron Inc Water dispersible condensation products of a drying oil glyceride ester and a polyethylene glycol
US3438795A (en) 1961-08-10 1969-04-15 Textron Inc Water dispersible composition containing a reaction product of a modified drying oil component and an alkoxy polyalkylene glycol
BE632501A (da) * 1962-05-18
DE1495031A1 (de) 1962-05-18 1969-01-02 Ashland Oil Inc Verfahren zur Herstellung in Wasser selbst dispergierender oder loeslicher,nicht oxydierender Alkydharze
GB1013933A (en) 1962-06-27 1965-12-22 Berger Jenson & Nicholson Ltd Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of alkyd resins
FR1386701A (fr) * 1963-02-12 1965-01-22 Allied Chem Résines alkydes, leur procédé de préparation et peintures émaillées les contenant
US3280057A (en) * 1963-02-12 1966-10-18 Allied Chem Water thinned industrial baking enamels comprising an adduct of an alkylene oxide and a polyhydroxy compound containing at least three hydroxyl groups
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JPS5212217B1 (da) 1971-04-22 1977-04-05
IT981904B (it) 1973-04-09 1974-10-10 Duco Spa Resine alchidiche all acqua modi ficate con acido acrilico o meta crilico
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2394565A1 (fr) 1979-01-12
US4299742A (en) 1981-11-10
ATA430178A (de) 1986-01-15
NO782045L (no) 1978-12-14
DE2825894A1 (de) 1978-12-21
NO146602B (no) 1982-07-26
NL7806349A (nl) 1978-12-15
DE2861047D1 (en) 1981-11-26
DK149614B (da) 1986-08-11
DK149614C (da) 1987-01-26
EP0000087A1 (en) 1978-12-20
DK262878A (da) 1978-12-14
NO146602C (no) 1984-04-17
AT381112B (de) 1986-08-25

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