EP0000067A1 - Procédé pour l'examen par ultrasons et pour la représentation d'un objet - Google Patents

Procédé pour l'examen par ultrasons et pour la représentation d'un objet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0000067A1
EP0000067A1 EP78100125A EP78100125A EP0000067A1 EP 0000067 A1 EP0000067 A1 EP 0000067A1 EP 78100125 A EP78100125 A EP 78100125A EP 78100125 A EP78100125 A EP 78100125A EP 0000067 A1 EP0000067 A1 EP 0000067A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frequency
scanning
memory
charge transport
mirror
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Granted
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EP78100125A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0000067B1 (fr
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William E. Jr. Dr. Glenn
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New York Institute of Technology
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New York Institute of Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/18—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound
    • G10K11/20—Reflecting arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/08—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ultrasound system and in particular to a device for the pictorial representation of parts of the body by measuring the ultrasound waves reflected by the object after sonication with corresponding ultrasound energy.
  • Ultrasound technology has become increasingly important in clinical diagnostics.
  • Ultrasound technology has already been used in the fields of gynecology, neurology and cardiology, among other things, e.g. was successfully used to visualize subcutaneous blood vessels (including smaller ones).
  • Ultrasound differs from other types of radiation due to the harmless effect associated with it. living systems because it is purely mechanical wave nature.
  • the ultrasound technology makes it possible to obtain information that cannot be achieved by other methods, for example by examination with y and x-rays. Above all, the risk of injury when using ultrasound is much less than e.g. when using ionizing rays (y or x-rays).
  • Ultrasound is mainly used as a pulse echo method in diagnostic technology, for which pulses of ultrasound energy are periodically emitted by a piezoelectric transmitter, e.g. B. lead-zirconate-titanate ceramic-based. Every small pulse of ultrasonic energy is bundled as a sound wave.
  • the ultrasound device After an ultrasound pulse is delivered, the ultrasound device is usually placed on reception in order to be able to convert reflected (or echo) signals from the body back into electrical signals. The time after which these spike signals return to the receiver is directly dependent on the distance between the reflection source and the speed of sound. The strength of the sound echo is also interesting because it provides information about the type of fault.
  • the echo of sound waves can be represented in different ways.
  • the output of a time generator is due to the horizontal deflection of the cathode ray tube.
  • a constant repetition of the pulse / echo process, synchronized with the time generator then leads to a still picture, so-called "A-scan", in which the time is proportional to the depth of penetration and vertical deflections signal existing disorder.
  • the intensity of these vertical deflections is a measure of the intensity of the echo.
  • B-scan Another common type of pictorial representation of ultrasound waves is the so-called B-scan, in which the echo information corresponds to the usual television picture. ie the received echo signals are used to modulate the brightness of the screen per sampling point.
  • This type of screen is specifically used for sound wave viewing through the body so that each intensity information occupies multiple scan lines of the screen and the successive positions are used to display successive lines on the screen.
  • An object of the invention was to provide a device in which the ultrasound scanning through the body is carried out with a reflector which is mechanically guided over a certain angle with the same frequency as rotated for the deflection of the electron beam of a screen .
  • the reflector would have to be turned sawtooth like the line drive of the screen to avoid losses.
  • this is practically impossible. Ultrasonic waves are therefore not easily suitable for display on an electrically controlled screen.
  • One of the objects of the invention is also to provide an imaging system for ultrasonic wave scanning that solves and develops the problems of known devices.
  • the present invention of a device for scanning an object that is irradiated with ultrasound waves, in which the ultrasound waves reflected by the object are converted into electrical signals for display on a screen, is characterized by an ultrasound mirror in the direction of the ultrasound irradiation direction is preferably stored in a liquid, for example water.
  • the sound reflecting mirror is mechanically driven and its angular position is determined with a measuring device; which supplies a series of pulses corresponding to the movement of electrical signals Cl.
  • a receiver for reflected ultrasound waves is provided, which converts the reflected sound waves (echo) into electrical signals.
  • These signals corresponding to the echo are fed to a memory with a resolution which corresponds to the frequency spacing of the signals from the position determination.
  • the signals stored in this way are read out with a resolution according to the frequency inventory of another frequency C2, which corresponds to the frequency for operating a line-shaped display.
  • the reflector is not moved at all linearly, but, for example, sinusoidally, so that the drive can advantageously be operated at a frequency that comes close to a resonance frequency of the reflector in the liquid and in which inconsistent, sudden movements such as, B. in the sawtooth-shaped drive can be avoided.
  • the .Accuracy of a device according to the invention in the swept scanning area is increased by measuring, storing and displaying the sound waves of the back and forth movement of the mirror. During the scan. there is no dead time in either direction.
  • the electrical signals are stored in shift registers.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is seen in a new type of torque sensor that is attached to the axis of rotation of a rotatable reflector.
  • the control panel 10 contains a screen 11, for example a cathode ray tube, in a suitable front panel. You can also use a video tape recorder or other storage e.g. B. on the basis of photographic signals (screen copier), contained in the control panel 10 to provide the signals for displaying an image. Furthermore, the control panel 10 contains a power supply and parts of the. Circuit for generating time-dependent frequency and for driving the scanner in the measuring head 50. The measuring head 50 (or probe) is connected to the control panel 10 with an electrical line 48.
  • the measuring head 50 of the present exemplary embodiment is essentially cylindrical in shape and has, in the vicinity of one end, a scanning window 51 which, for example, consists of an elastically flexible material made of silicone rubber.
  • a scanning window 51 which, for example, consists of an elastically flexible material made of silicone rubber.
  • the measuring head 50 is brought into a position to be held in the hand of the operator, so that the scanning window 51 is directed towards the object to be scanned.
  • the scanning window 51 is directed towards the object to be scanned.
  • the area around a person's heart is to be scanned.
  • the probe can also be used to measure other parts of the body or other objects to which it should be directed with a handle.
  • the probe 50 is shown in cross section, to which associated parts of the evaluation electronics are connected, which can be arranged partly in the probe 50 and partly in the control panel 10.
  • the housing of the measuring head 50 includes a front sound guiding chamber 52, which contains a liquid, and a rear sound measuring chamber 53, which contains part of the electronics. Both chambers 52 and 53 have a cylindrical shape with the same diameter; so that they can be assembled into a cylinder with the aid of a tube 54 which has an annular extension 55 on its outside.
  • the (inner) tube 54 carries a flat sound generator 80 and a sound collecting lens 90, from which the two housing parts are separated from one another (cf. US Pat. No. 3,958,559).
  • the scanning window 51 is located at the end of the chamber 52.
  • an elastically resilient membrane 56 for example silicone rubber membrane
  • the front sound chamber 52 is filled with a liquid 57, for example water.
  • the membrane 56 should be so resilient that it applies with the measuring head to the surface of the body to be measured smooth to disturbing reflections of sound waves at a transition between 'the liquid to hold the device to the object supervised.gering.
  • An areal sc-reflecting scanning device 70 is arranged in the liquid 57 between the sound lens 90 and the scanning window 51.
  • the scanning device 70 (sound mirror) is fastened to an axis 71 which is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and which can be passed through the housing wall of the front sound guide chamber 52 in order to be operated from the outside by a small electric motor 72 which generates the reciprocating movement .
  • a torque transmitter 73 which is also fastened on the axis of rotation of the sound mirror and on the housing 52, has been particularly highlighted in FIG. 2.
  • the torque transmitter 73 shown in dashed lines can be accommodated in another housing part (not shown).
  • the sound generator (exciter) 80 is connected directly to an electrically operated sound generator or sound receiver 130, from which sound-stimulating pulses alternate and sound echo pulses coming back are received at the sound sensor 80. It is not shown that various electrical devices known per se for concentrating the ultrasound beam can be provided between the acoustic exciter 80 and the electrical exciter 130.
  • the electrical receiver 130 contains a preamplifier and is connected to a noise pulse memory 200 via the electrical line 130A.
  • the noise pulse memory 200 has an output at the input of the viewing device 11 and the recording device 160, which are provided for the display or storage of the images to be displayed, and another output 200 A at the mirror drive.
  • a special amplifier regulation for this is in our US patent no. 4,043,181.
  • the measurement sensitivity is to be controlled with such an amplifier control.
  • a timing circuit 170 provides time-constant pulses for synchronizing the electrical device; the time-constant electrical signals are applied to the electrically operated sound generator 130 and the noise pulse memory 200 and also to the drive for the scanning and to the power supply for the visual display 180, the electrical signals for controlling the scanning movement of the scanning mirror 70 and also the vertical and horizontal deflection of the cathode ray oscillograph 11 and also of the receiver 160 controls:
  • the pulse generator Depending on electrical time-constant signals, the pulse generator generates electrical pulses from the excitation part 130, which are fed to the sound exciter 80 (electroacoustic transducer). The resulting acoustic waves are directed by the lens 90 onto the surface of the scanning mirror 70 and entered by the latter into the body to be observed.
  • the lines shown in dashed lines in FIG. 2 show the area in which the ultrasonic waves mainly run.
  • the electrically operated sound generator / sound receiver 130 is switched to reception. In this switch position, reflected sound waves can be converted from the object into electrical signals by the sound pickup 80 via the scanning mirror 70. These signals reach the display screen 11 via the noise pulse memory 200.
  • a scan corresponds to a horizontal line of the screen.
  • Different echo signals are known to arise at different interfaces in the body.
  • the second dimension in the direction of observation is obtained by a slower mechanical scanning of the mirror 70, the scanning area being shown in FIG. 2 by a double-sided arrow 7.
  • the electrical pulses generated by the timer 170 as described control the electrical energy supply 130 of the electroacoustic transducer 80 with such a frequency that a complete scanning movement corresponds to one line of the screen.
  • echo signals from lower-lying parts of the object come back later because of their longer path and the relatively slow speed of sound.
  • the signals from the torque transmitter 73, fed back via the noise pulse memory, also serve this purpose:
  • the torque transmitter is provided with a fixed light source 73 B and a photodetector 73 C, which bear against an aperture ring 73 D which has openings at equal intervals.
  • the torque transmitter is moved together with the sound mirror 70. Because of the sinusoidal movement of the sound mirror 70, the pulses coming from the torque generator 73 have sinusoidal alternating large or small distances, not like the equally large distances of the pulses from the timer 170 (FIGS. 5e and 5f).
  • the noise pulse memory 200 advantageously consists of a so-called CCD module (Charge Couple Device, see US Pat. No. 3,882,271), in which charges are shifted to memory locations located one behind the other.
  • CCD module Charge Couple Device, see US Pat. No. 3,882,271
  • the displacement speed can be controlled in such a way that a sawtooth-shaped signal arises from the sinusoidal scanning.
  • the timing circuit is shown in detail in FIG. With such a circuit, a reference variable for the storage process is created in order to be able to exchange sinusoidal and sawtooth-shaped frequencies with one another without losses.
  • the incoming electrical signals are controlled according to the logic shown in Figure 4 (. AND gates 211, 261, 212, 216, 217, 262, 266 and 267) so that sinusoidal measurement signals are always exchanged for sawtooth-shaped display pulses, so that the time sequence of adjacent scan series can be exchanged.
  • the timing clock 170 is modified by a phase shifter when three phases of a signal of the same size, which overlap by 120 ° phase angle, are required. This makes the Noise pulse memory 200 and the display of the cathode ray tube for the vision system 11 are controlled.
  • the information of a line of a B-scanning system corresponds to the position of the impurities in the object which have been on the way of the sound waves into the body and on the way back of the echo sound waves.
  • the timing generator 170 also generates timing signals and time-dependent signals which are connected to the mirror drive 72, the line deflection system 180 and the buffer 200.
  • One of the time-dependent clocks for the line deflection device 180 and for the memory system 200 is the clock signal C2, which operates at the same frequency as the line deflection for the cathode ray oscillograph of the display system 11.
  • the line of the signals contained in this case is designated in FIG. 2 by reference number 170 A.
  • the signals for the mirror drive are sent via the electrical line 180 A to the electric motor, which generates the corresponding scanning movement of the reflector 70, and to the deflection device 180, which are required to control the vertical and horizontal deflection of the screen 11 connected to it, and to a memory capable recording system 160 created.
  • the motor is not operated linearly, preferably sinusoidally, ie not sawtooth-shaped as usual (which corresponds to the typical shape of the horizontal deflection for a screen 11).
  • the output of the torque transmitter 73 is referred to as the clock signal C1, which consists of a pulse train that corresponds to an angular movement of the reflector 70.
  • Such a signal is generated, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, by a fixed light source 73 B with a photoreceiver 73 C, between which a diaphragm ring 73 D fastened on the motor axis 71 with the same size lattice-shaped ones lying behind one another
  • Aperture openings is provided. While the pulses C2 of the clock generator are linearly constant, the pulses C1 from the torque transmitter are at different distances from one another depending on the position, depending on the scanning speed. depend on the respective position of the scanning screen 70. If, in the present exemplary embodiment, the scanning mirror 70 is moved sinusoidally, the pulses of the torque transmitter C1 are particularly close to one another when the scanning mirror 70 oscillates through the central position. The pulses C1 are particularly far apart when the scanning mirror reverses its direction of movement at one end position. The relative position of the pulses to one another is shown, for example, in FIG. 5E, which will be described in more detail below.
  • the clock pulses C1 from the torque transmitter which are synchronized with the position of the scanning mirror 70 and thus correspond to the direction of the incoming sound wave, are used as clock signals of the echo information for the memory system 200.
  • the storage system 200 preferably consists of a charge transport storage (so-called CCD module, see US Pat. No. 3,882,271), comparable to a bucket chain shift register.
  • CCD module charge transport storage
  • the information of the memory 200 is read out again with a clock C2, which is adapted to the line clock frequency of the screen 11.
  • the scanning mirror 70 can be operated in a particularly effective, non-linear manner, for example in the vicinity of the natural resonance of the liquid carrying it, and in so doing provide accurate information for display on an ordinary screen.
  • the deflection frequency with which the electron beam of the screen 11 is operated is denoted by F b, while storage is carried out at a rate of 2F.
  • L is the number of lines and E is the number of brightness-controllable points of a line of a television picture.
  • the frequency F of the scanning movement of the reflector mirror 70 can be adapted to a resonance frequency of the liquid in which the mirror is mounted. In the case of water, this frequency can be F 15 hearts and L and E can be adapted to the number of lines in normal television sets. In the example, 250 lines of a field consisting of 500 lines, in which 1 line was skipped, were used with 500 elements per line, so that L is 250 and E 500.
  • the clock frequency C3 on which the system is based generates pulses with a frequency: 2 x F x L x E.
  • the clock frequency 3 is stored.
  • the phase shifter 171 generates three phase pulses C3 offset by 120 ° to one another.
  • a clock generator is provided, which generates 2 x F x L pulses C2 with a frequency, which are determined by dividing the frequency of C3 by E.
  • a clock frequency is 2 F by dividing the clock frequency 2 x F x L of C2. generated by L.
  • Another clock frequency, designated F is obtained by dividing this clock frequency by 2.
  • the number of lines which are obtained when the charge transport memory 200 is read out is also used to synchronize the electrical pulse generator / receiver 130 and, moreover, to synchronize the horizontal scanning lines of the display device 11.
  • the latter synchronization is accomplished by coupling to the horizontal deflection circuit 181, which is part of the power supply to the scan drive and scan movement 180.
  • the screen is connected by a coupling to the vertical deflection drive 182 to the mirror drive and to the deflection drive 180 for the screen.
  • the output of the switching systems 181 and 182 which is connected to normal deflection generators, supplies the signals for the normal horizontal and vertical deflection of the electron beam of an electron beam tube 11.
  • the clock frequency F is used to synchronize the oscillator 183, the sinusoidal signals for driving the deflection mirror 70 on the frequency F, as shown in FIG. 5A, with which the drive motor 72 is supplied.
  • the clock pulses with the frequency F are further coupled to an inverter 175, so that pulses with the frequency F 'are generated which are also given to the memory 200.
  • FIG. 4 shows a particular embodiment of the load shift memory 200 from FIG. 2.
  • a pair of charge shift memories 210 and 260 in the manner of three-phase charge shift memories (so-called CCD) are provided, which are described as such in US Pat. No. 3,882,271.
  • CCD three-phase charge shift memories
  • a ' device of the invention can also be operated with other commercially available memories.'
  • the memory 210 information shown with arrows is drawn in row 1, which are under clock control of the frequency C3, as has been customary and known hitherto. After a line is fully stored, the next line is charged with clock frequency Cl, the clock frequency Cl being taken from the torque transmitter (FIG. 2). The memory is filled in such a way that the information from previous lines is shifted line by line. In this way, the last line of memory contains the first line of the information read. The memory can then be read out again by simultaneously loading it with new information from the input.
  • the information from the memory is to be read out at a frequency Cl other than the read-in frequency, namely with the frequency C2 coming from the torque transmitter. Since no information arrives at this frequency, the memory is emptied without refilling, but the information arriving at the same time is fed to a second memory 260 at the line feed frequency Cl.
  • the memories are then read alternately for display on the screen, for which purpose logic modules and an adder 290 are provided. Furthermore, a filter element 295 is also provided, with which the clock frequency impressed on the information is removed again.
  • the device of the invention could of course also be connected to a pair of differently constructed "bucket chain shift registers" if the memory 200 operates as follows:
  • a memory 210 When scanning in one direction, a memory 210 is first loaded in the manner described. During the return movement of the reflector 70 in the opposite direction stored information is read out in a sawtooth shape suitable for the screen, while new incoming information is given to the memory 210, etc. Because the information from both scanning directions is combined into a common screen signal and because the scanning beam in both. Directions is received, current information can be received and displayed as either memory 210 or memory - 260 ready to receive, and either memory 260 or memory 210 are ready for delivering signals for the screen. 11
  • the readiness of the memories 210 or 260 is controlled by the respective phase position of the respective clock signal F or F '.
  • the clocking of the information into the memory 210 is controlled by an AND gate 211, which connects the clock pulse C3, which is divided into three phases, to the memory 210 when the clock frequency F is in a positive phase position.
  • a further AND gate 212 is provided, which only lets information through when the clock signal F ', which is opposite in phase, is positive. Reading and reading in the memory 260 takes place during opposite phases of the clock frequencies F and F '. While the AND gate 261 only allows reading in with a positive phase profile of the signal F ', the AND gate 262 controls the readout, which is only possible with a positive profile of the clock signal F.
  • the line feed is controlled in the memory 210 by the AND gate 216 with a frequency C1, while the line feed when reading is only possible with a frequency C2 via the AND gate 217.
  • Corresponding logic modules, AND gates 266 and 267 are provided for reading in and reading out at the memory 260.
  • FIG. 5A shows a sinusoidal voltage curve which is taken from the oscillator 83 to drive the scanning mirror 70.
  • This sinusoidal control frequency is offset by a sampling frequency F that is twice as high.
  • F sampling frequency
  • FIG. 5D shows the clock frequency 2F from which the vertical deflection frequency V for the screen display is obtained by the deflection unit 182 (FIG. 3).
  • FIG. 5E shows the typical course of the clock signals C1, which emanate from the torque transmitter 73 and
  • FIG. 5F schematically shows a pulse train. of the clock signals, as shown in Figure 3, arise.
  • the number and intensity of the clock pulses shown in the form of vertical lines in FIGS. 5E and 5F would be larger and denser on a natural scale, so that only approximate ratios become visible in what is shown.
  • the clocks Cl from the torque sensor 73, are further apart in the area of the turning points of the movement of the scanning mirror than in the area of the movement of the scanning mirror, in which it moves at high speed from right to left or from left to right oscillates through the middle of a scan path (when the sine wave has reached the maximum).
  • the clocks C2 from the time generator 170 are constant in time, like the clocks C3, obtained by division - shown in Figure 3.
  • the clock frequency Cl is input into the memory 210 and the clock frequency C2 is used for reading out the information from the memory 260 which is open by the gate 267.
  • the memory 260 loads line by line with the clock frequency Cl from the torque generator because the gate 266 is open when the F' is positive, and the clock frequency C2 now becomes used to read the information from the memory 210, which is opened by the gate 217 at the inverted frequency F '.
  • the mechanics of the drive for the scanning mirror 70 can also be designed to improve the mechanical properties of a device of the invention. For the purpose of further adaptation, it is best to provide 1 diaphragm openings in the diaphragm 73D of the torque transmitter 73, so that the number of pulses C1 during one pass is equal to the number of time-dependent clock pulses C2.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
EP78100125A 1977-06-13 1978-06-12 Procédé pour l'examen par ultrasons et pour la représentation d'un objet Expired EP0000067B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US80600477A 1977-06-13 1977-06-13
US806004 1977-06-13

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EP0000067A1 true EP0000067A1 (fr) 1978-12-20
EP0000067B1 EP0000067B1 (fr) 1981-02-25

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EP (1) EP0000067B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5418179A (fr)
AT (1) ATA430378A (fr)
AU (1) AU519809B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1118088A (fr)
DE (1) DE2860499D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK261478A (fr)
FI (1) FI781781A (fr)
IL (1) IL54882A (fr)
IT (1) IT1105486B (fr)

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FR2447040A1 (fr) * 1979-01-18 1980-08-14 Mediscan Inc Dispositif d'exploration ultrasonique
EP0019793A2 (fr) * 1979-05-14 1980-12-10 New York Institute Of Technology Procédé de détermination de la vitesse de matière en mouvement, notamment dans le corps et dispositif pour cette détermination et pour la visualisation de parties du corps
FR2477717A1 (fr) * 1980-03-05 1981-09-11 Matix Ind Procede et dispositif d'analyse ultrasonore d'un corps
US4317370A (en) * 1977-06-13 1982-03-02 New York Institute Of Technology Ultrasound imaging system
US4442842A (en) * 1979-11-12 1984-04-17 Kazuo Baba Ultrasonic scanner for examination of a coeliac cavity
EP1462799A1 (fr) * 2001-11-14 2004-09-29 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Echographe, transducteur ultrasons, instrument d'examen et dispositif d'ultrasonographie
US20150075928A1 (en) * 2013-04-26 2015-03-19 Kadant Inc. Systems and methods for providing doctor blade holders with vibration mitigation

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JPS5713001U (fr) * 1980-06-26 1982-01-23
US5578758A (en) * 1995-06-21 1996-11-26 Pandrol Jackson Technologies, Inc. Rail investigating ultrasonic transducer
US8317713B2 (en) * 2009-01-09 2012-11-27 Volcano Corporation Ultrasound catheter with rotatable transducer

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SU184000A1 (ru) * 1965-07-30 1966-07-09 А. Ф. Разумовский , Н. В. Бабкин Искательная ультразвуковая головка со сканированием фокального пятна по глубине
US3882271A (en) 1973-11-13 1975-05-06 Columbia Broadcasting Syst Inc Display using array of charge storage devices
FR2265342A1 (fr) * 1974-03-27 1975-10-24 Siemens Ag
FR2269074A1 (fr) * 1974-04-29 1975-11-21 Realisations Ultrasoniques Sa
US4006627A (en) * 1974-10-11 1977-02-08 Thomson-Csf High-speed ultrasonic echo-tomographic device
US4043181A (en) 1975-04-18 1977-08-23 New York Institute Of Technology Ultrasonic pulse-echo apparatus
DE2534974B1 (de) 1975-08-05 1976-05-26 Siemens Ag Nach dem impuls-echoverfahren arbeitendes ultraschall-bildgeraet
US4084582A (en) 1976-03-11 1978-04-18 New York Institute Of Technology Ultrasonic imaging system
DE2710038A1 (de) * 1977-01-06 1978-07-13 Stanford Research Inst Vorrichtung zur untersuchung von geweben mittels ultraschall

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4317370A (en) * 1977-06-13 1982-03-02 New York Institute Of Technology Ultrasound imaging system
FR2447040A1 (fr) * 1979-01-18 1980-08-14 Mediscan Inc Dispositif d'exploration ultrasonique
EP0019793A2 (fr) * 1979-05-14 1980-12-10 New York Institute Of Technology Procédé de détermination de la vitesse de matière en mouvement, notamment dans le corps et dispositif pour cette détermination et pour la visualisation de parties du corps
EP0019793A3 (en) * 1979-05-14 1981-01-07 New York Institute Of Technology Method for determining the velocity of moving material, especially in the body, and device for this determination and for displaying parts of the body
US4442842A (en) * 1979-11-12 1984-04-17 Kazuo Baba Ultrasonic scanner for examination of a coeliac cavity
FR2477717A1 (fr) * 1980-03-05 1981-09-11 Matix Ind Procede et dispositif d'analyse ultrasonore d'un corps
EP1462799A1 (fr) * 2001-11-14 2004-09-29 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Echographe, transducteur ultrasons, instrument d'examen et dispositif d'ultrasonographie
EP1462799A4 (fr) * 2001-11-14 2005-10-05 Toshiba Kk Echographe, transducteur ultrasons, instrument d'examen et dispositif d'ultrasonographie
US7421900B2 (en) 2001-11-14 2008-09-09 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Ultrasonograph, ultrasonic transducer, examining instrument, and ultrasonographing device
US20150075928A1 (en) * 2013-04-26 2015-03-19 Kadant Inc. Systems and methods for providing doctor blade holders with vibration mitigation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK261478A (da) 1978-12-14
ATA430378A (de) 1986-04-15
AU3668578A (en) 1979-12-06
IL54882A (en) 1981-02-27
DE2860499D1 (en) 1981-04-02
IT7849823A0 (it) 1978-06-12
AU519809B2 (en) 1981-12-24
IL54882A0 (en) 1978-08-31
IT1105486B (it) 1985-11-04
JPS5418179A (en) 1979-02-09
EP0000067B1 (fr) 1981-02-25
FI781781A (fi) 1978-12-14
CA1118088A (fr) 1982-02-09

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