US20150075928A1 - Systems and methods for providing doctor blade holders with vibration mitigation - Google Patents
Systems and methods for providing doctor blade holders with vibration mitigation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20150075928A1 US20150075928A1 US14/263,700 US201414263700A US2015075928A1 US 20150075928 A1 US20150075928 A1 US 20150075928A1 US 201414263700 A US201414263700 A US 201414263700A US 2015075928 A1 US2015075928 A1 US 2015075928A1
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- Prior art keywords
- self
- tube assembly
- damping
- compensating
- compensating tube
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
- D21G7/00—Damping devices
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
- D21G3/00—Doctors
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
- D21G3/00—Doctors
- D21G3/005—Doctor knifes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
- D21G3/00—Doctors
- D21G3/04—Doctors for drying cylinders
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/30—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium with solid or semi-solid material, e.g. pasty masses, as damping medium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/50—Special means providing automatic damping adjustment, i.e. self-adjustment of damping by particular sliding movements of a valve element, other than flexions or displacement of valve discs; Special means providing self-adjustment of spring characteristics
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to doctoring systems, and relates in particular to doctor blade holders that provide improved performance of doctoring systems during the production of tissue and paper.
- Yankee dryer blade holders are required to provide near uniform loading across the sheet width, while not causing maintenance issues such as Yankee surface chatter marks.
- Yankee dryer doctor blade holders are typically comprised of a working blade, and supporting components such as a backup blade and a self-compensating load tube.
- U.S. Pat. No. 3,529,315 discloses a liquid filled tube that has a means of assisting the working blade to conform to a roll crown by displacing liquid along its length, and the liquid, being provided at uniform pressure, should result in near uniform blade load.
- U.S. Pat. No. 3,529,315 also teaches us that the conforming tube may negotiate or follow a high spot on the roll circumference without affecting load to any significant extent. As discussed further below however, such a characteristic encourages low machine direction (MD) stiffness, which is, however, not desirable with regard to unwanted chatter.
- MD machine direction
- U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,688,336; 3,711,888; 3,778,861 and 4,630,328 disclose holder inventions that utilize a liquid tube.
- U.S. Pat. No. 3,688,336 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,711,888 disclose a cartridge assembly of which the tube is a component.
- U.S. Pat. No. 3,778,861 discloses a protective metal sheath for the tube.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,630,328 discloses a sealing means to address seal failures during the time period of that patent. The increasingly demanding challenges of Yankee doctoring systems, however, may not be met by the end sealing means that are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,630,328. If the seal fails, there is loss of liquid, and ingress of air is possible, reducing dynamic stiffness. Thus there becomes a need for improved sealing of the self compensating tube.
- a liquid tube offer load self-compensation to negotiate crown, but it should also maintain suitable local and lengthwise MD stiffness in order to negotiate dynamic changes on the roll circumference.
- a Yankee blade holder with high dynamic stiffness over an extended frequency range will be able to negotiate a roll surface defect feature. Further, the absence of suitable stiffness will increase the likelihood of self-excited vibration leading to the creation of chatter marks.
- the present commercially available tube has numerous features which influence local MD stiffness as well as overall (lengthwise) MD stiffness.
- the tube assembly is comprised of the tube and the enclosed liquid, and both of these contribute greatly to the MD stiffness; 1) the tube through its material elastic modulus and strength, along with its geometry (thickness, height, width, shape), and 2) the liquid through its bulk modulus of elasticity.
- a typical industry practice is to mount vibration sensors on the doctor beam. These locations however, are removed from the blade tip, and thus unique vibration signatures present in the blade tip may be undetected.
- the invention provides a self-compensating tube assembly for use in a doctor blade holder.
- the self-compensating tube assembly includes a tube including a membrane that encloses a liquid with a substantially invariable bulk modulus of elasticity, density and viscosity; and chatter responsive means for providing any of monitoring of blade chatter through pressure, damping of blade chatter, and minimizing blade chatter.
- the invention provides a self-compensating tube assembly for use in a doctor blade holder.
- the self-compensating tube assembly includes a tube including a membrane that encloses a liquid with a substantially invariable bulk m modulus of elasticity, density and viscosity; and dynamic means for enhancing dynamic stiffness and damping.
- the invention provides a method of providing a self-compensating tube assembly for use in a doctor blade holder.
- the method includes the steps of: providing a tube including a membrane that encloses a liquid with substantially invariable bulk modulus of elasticity, density and viscosity; and providing any of monitoring of blade chatter through pressure, damping of blade chatter and minimizing of blade chatter
- FIG. 1 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a doctor blade holder system including a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of the self-compensating load tube assembly of FIG. 2 under a load pressure
- FIG. 4 shows an illustrative diagrammatic superimposed view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the invention prior to and during application of a load;
- FIG. 5 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that includes fiber reinforced material
- FIG. 6 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that includes separate and distinct volumetric zones;
- FIG. 7 shows an illustrative diagrammatic sectional view of the self-compensating load tube assembly of FIG. 6 taken along line 7 - 7 thereof;
- FIG. 8 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that includes individual smaller parallel tubes;
- FIG. 9 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that includes a stacked pair of narrow tubes;
- FIG. 10 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that includes a means for providing dynamic inertial restriction;
- FIG. 11 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that provides squeeze film damping
- FIG. 12 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that providing squeeze film damping via an internal spring;
- FIG. 13 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that provides squeeze film damping and in which volume is compartmentalized;
- FIG. 14 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that provides shear between adjacent surfaces of upper and lower stand-off surfaces and restrictor flow either inertial or viscous;
- FIG. 15 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that includes an open cell foam compartment;
- FIG. 16 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that provides lengthwise compartmentalization of the liquid;
- FIG. 17 shows an illustrative diagrammatic sectional view of the self-compensating load tube assembly of FIG. 16 taken along line 17 - 17 thereof;
- FIG. 18 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that includes magnetorheologhical fluid and adjacent magnetic field sources;
- FIG. 19 shows an illustrative diagrammatic end view of the self-compensating load tube assembly of FIG. 18 taken along line 19 - 19 thereof;
- FIG. 20 shows an illustrative diagrammatic side view of the self-compensating load tube assembly of FIG. 18 taken along line 20 - 20 thereof;
- FIG. 21 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that includes dynamic pressure sensors;
- FIG. 22 shows an illustrative diagrammatic exploded view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that provides improved end sealing;
- FIG. 23 shows an illustrative diagrammatic end view of the self-compensating load tube assembly of FIG. 22 taken along line 23 - 23 thereof;
- FIG. 24 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of the self-compensating load tube assembly of FIG. 22 taken along line 24 - 24 thereof;
- FIG. 25 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of the self-compensating load tube assembly of FIG. 22 taken along line 25 - 25 thereof;
- FIG. 26 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that use alignment pins;
- FIG. 27 shows an illustrative diagrammatic enlarged view of an end portion of the self-compensating load tube assembly of FIG. 26 ;
- FIG. 28 shows an illustrative diagrammatic exploded view of the end portion of the self-compensating load tube assembly of FIG. 26 .
- the present invention is concerned with providing an improved self-compensating support element for a doctor blade system that operates at higher loads and promotes reduction of blade vibration during the production of tissue and paper.
- Devices of the invention further may be used as a process monitoring device, in particular as it applies to tissue production and Yankee chatter. Since the tube is in communication with the blade, applicants have discovered that the tube's pressure may be used as an indicator of time variant blade forces associated with chatter events.
- Chatter is a dynamic event, involving dynamic motion of blade holder components. Damping, if introduced within degrees of freedom that are participating in the chatter event, will likely decrease motion and therefore decrease the magnitude of chatter. Introducing damping in the self-compensating tube, will likely reduce chatter for those cases in which the tube is part of the vibration mode participating in the chatter event. Conventional devices do not provide damping means nor any measurement using the tube.
- the tube provides a reactive force against a guide plate that varies along the cross machine direction (CD) to accommodate variations in load during tissue processing.
- the present invention provides an improved self-compensating tube for use in Yankee Dryer blade holders, that addresses shortcomings of present designs and adds additional benefits such as vibration monitoring and vibration mitigation means.
- FIG. 1 shows a doctor blade holder 10 that includes a doctor blade holder cartridge 12 for receiving a doctor blade 14 , a back-up blade 16 that supports the doctor blade 14 , as well as a top plate 20 and a bottom plate 22 .
- the doctor blade holder cartridge 12 may be as disclosed, for example, in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/263,335 filed Apr. 28, 2014 (Attorney Docket No. 9616), the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- the bottom plate 22 is mounted to a doctor back 24 .
- the doctor blade holder also includes a self-compensating load tube assembly 26 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- the self-compensating load tube assembly 26 includes a synthetic tube 28 that encloses a liquid 30 as shown in FIG. 2 .
- MD machine direction
- CD cross machine direction
- the tube behaves very stiff in membrane behavior, less so in bending.
- the tube thickness shall be generally thin, and may include fiber reinforcement added near the neutral axis of the tube wall, so as to maximize membrane stiffness and limit bending stiffness. In the limit, it is observed that too much bending stiffness, such as with a metal tube, will not allow for self-compensation; the tube will be too rigid.
- FIG. 5 shows a self-compensating load tube assembly 36 that includes thin walls 38 as well as reinforcing fibers 40 that run in the cross machine direction and reinforcement fibers 42 that run in the machine direction.
- the membrane reinforcement fibers 40 , 42 are provided to increase membrane stiffness. Allowing the CD membrane stiffness to achieve high levels is beneficial, as it reduces the tube expansion in the CD due to pressure load; hence higher pressures are achieved for a given deflection.
- Blade chatter is a dynamic event, and associated with it are time fluctuating forces.
- the addition of system damping would generally reduce chatter and chatter development, so if blade chatter involves a mode of which the tube is a part, chatter may be avoided or reduced.
- damping within the liquid may be provided via inertial restriction, or viscous restriction (including squeeze film damping effects). Inertial restriction would require substantial density (e.g., air not suitable), viscous restriction would require substantial viscosity.
- FIG. 6 shows an embodiment showing a compartmentalized configuration of a self-compensating load tube assembly 46 in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention in which there are two distinct volumetric zones 48 , 50 .
- the self-compensating load tube assembly 46 captures a second internal tubular component 52 .
- Standoffs 54 (provided on rails 56 ) communicate with the inside surface 58 of the outer tube 60 , so that as surface 58 , as well as tube 50 , is deflected under a load condition.
- FIG. 7 shows a sectional view of the self-compensating load tube assembly 46 of FIG. 6 .
- the internal volume of tube 60 and component 52 are each filled with liquid. As the surface 58 deflects, the volume of the outer tube 60 is decreased and corresponding pressure increases. Similarly the volume of the internal tubular component 52 is decreased and there will be an exchange of liquid through inertial restrictors 62 that separate the volume of the internal tubular component 52 and the volume of the outer tube 60 .
- the restrictors 62 may be placed along the lengthwise direction.
- the standoffs 54 may be continuous in the lengthwise direction in certain embodiments. In further embodiments, the standoffs may themselves include restrictors. If the standoffs are continuous, then the internal volume is further compartmentalized, and additional damping may be achieved.
- FIG. 8 Another embodiment of a self-compensating load tube assembly 66 in accordance with an embodiment of the invention includes separate volumes with inertial restrictors as shown in FIG. 8 (and as discussed above).
- the self-compensating load tube assembly 66 includes an outer tube 68 as well as individual smaller tubes 70 , 72 , 74 , which can be separated from each other or connected via ribs 76 . Deflection of surface 78 causes pressure changes in volume 80 , and results in fluid exchange with volumes 82 , 84 , 86 across inertial restrictors 88 .
- a self-compensating load tube assembly 96 includes an outer tube 98 , as well as two stacked internal narrower tubes 100 , 102 as shown in FIG. 9 .
- volumes 106 , 108 within tubes 100 , 102 will exchange liquid with volume 110 of the outer tube 98 across restrictors 112 (as discussed above).
- a self-compensating load tube assembly 116 is shown in FIG. 10 .
- the self-compensating load tube assembly 116 includes an outer tube 118 as well as an internal tube 120 that includes restrictors 122 (as discussed above). Tube 118 captures an internal tube 120 . When surface 124 is deflected, volume 126 within tube 120 decrease, hence an increase in pressure will result in fluid exchange with volume 128 of outer tube 118 across restrictors 122 .
- self-compensating load tube assembly 136 may provide squeeze film damping as shown in FIG. 10 .
- the self-compensating load tube assembly 136 includes an outer tube 138 that encloses a multiple layered component 140 , which may be a separate component or integrated within tube 138 , for example in an as extruded configuration.
- a multiple layered component 140 which may be a separate component or integrated within tube 138 , for example in an as extruded configuration.
- FIG. 12 shows a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention.
- the self-compensating load tube assembly 146 includes an outer tube 148 as well as a layered component 150 that provides a squeeze film effect.
- the layered component 150 includes interfacing surfaces (e.g., 152 ) that function as discussed above, as well as a spring component
- an optional inertial restrictor 156 (as discussed above with reference to internal tubes) provides communication between volume zone 158 and volume zone 160 .
- FIG. 13 shown a self-compensating load tube assembly 166 in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention.
- internal volume is also compartmentalized, such that both squeeze film effects and inertial restriction are present.
- the self-compensating load tube assembly 166 includes an outer tube 168 that contains a layered component 170 that provides first and second volumetric zones 172 , 174 , as well as a layered section that provides a squeeze film effect between surfaces 176 and 178 as well as between surfaces 180 and 182 . Fluid exchange also occurs between volume 184 and volumes 172 , 174 across restrictors 186 (as discussed above).
- FIG. 14 shows a further embodiment of self-compensating load tube assembly 196 .
- the self-compensating load tube assembly 196 includes an outer tube 198 that encloses a liquid, wherein the inner surface of the outer tube 198 is serpentine, extending into the interior of the tube assembly with protruding walls 200 , 202 from the upper to lower and lower to upper surfaces that complement one another as shown.
- surface 204 of tube 198 is deflected downward, liquid is sheared between adjacent surfaces of upper standoffs 206 (provided by protrusions 200 ) and lower standoffs 208 (provided by protrusions 202 ).
- compartmentalized volumes 210 are reduced, forcing flow across gaps between upper and lower standoffs to outboard volumes 212 and 214 .
- the gaps behave as restrictors (continuous restrictors), and depending on the gap size will be inertial dominated or viscous dominated.
- FIG. 15 shows an example of a self-compensating load tube assembly 216 in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention that includes an outer tube 218 that contains as well as an open cell foam component 220 .
- Liquid fills all remaining volume.
- surface 222 is deflected dynamically downward, liquid will be transported within random voids (of changing geometry) of the open cell foam. The fluid transport will be inertial, viscous, or both, resulting in damped movement.
- FIG. 16 shows a self-compensating load tube assembly 226 in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention that includes volumes that are compartmentalized in lengthwise sense.
- the tube assembly 226 includes multiple insert components 228 , each of which includes restrictor passages 230 , as well as an outer tube 232 that contains the components 228 .
- FIG. 17 shows a sectional view of a portion of the tube assembly of FIG. 16 taken along line 17 - 17 thereof.
- FIG. 18 shows a self-compensating load tube assembly 246 in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention that includes an outer tube 248 , magnetorheological fluid 250 , and adjacent discrete magnetic field sources 252 .
- FIG. 19 shows a sectional view of the tube assembly of FIG. 18 taken along line 19 - 19 thereof showing wires within the magnetic field sources 252 .
- the discrete magnetic field sources may not be attached to the tube (the tube in fact may be attached to the back-up blade).
- the tube and the magnetic field sources are shown to be positioned near each other.
- FIG. 20 shows a diagrammatic side view of the tube assembly with the coils of wires within the magnetic fields sources 252 visible.
- the presence of a magnetic field aligns carbon particles within the magnetorheological liquid, making the liquid very stiff (solid-like). The extent of stiffness can be varied with the strength of the magnetic field, and may be individually adjusted for each magnetic field source along the length of the tube assembly.
- the tube assembly may be used to assist in process monitoring.
- Blade vibration may involve modes that introduce motion at the self-compensating tube, as described above.
- Such dynamic motion will create fluctuating pressure inside the tube assembly.
- This pressure may be measured using a dynamic pressure sensor, suitable to extremely high frequency.
- FIG. 21 shows a self-compensating load tube assembly 256 that includes an outer tube 258 that is filled with liquid 260 .
- a dynamic pressure sensor 262 is connected at each end of the outer tube 258 .
- the sensor signal from each dynamic pressure sensor 262 is sent to a spectrum analyzer 264 . Monitoring the spectrum via a display device 266 that is coupled to the analyzer 264 may provide insight to the health of the tissue making processing at the Yankee dryer holder locations.
- FIG. 22 shows an end of a self-compensating load tube assembly 276 in accordance with an embodiment that improves on the current as well as past sealing means.
- the tube assembly 276 may include an outer tube 278 formed of geometry such as shown in cross section at FIG. 24 , and the outer tube is provided as in a flattened geometry as shown in FIG. 25 by heating at the ends 280 .
- Two clamp components 282 , 284 provide a clamping load to the flattened tube region 280 to seal it from liquid egress, or air ingress.
- Fastener components provide the preload to the clamp assembly, and O-rings provide secondary sealing in the event there was otherwise leakage past holes in the ends 280 .
- a self-compensating load tube assembly 296 that includes an outer tube 298 as well as sealed ends 300 .
- each sealed end 300 includes an insert 302 , with grooves to receive O-rings 304 and 306 .
- O-ring 306 seals the tube inside surface and groove the groove from liquid leakage, and ingress of air.
- O-ring 304 serves more of an assembly alignment purpose, and a secondary seal.
- the insert 302 is held in place by pins 308 , or other suitable means such as fasteners or rivets. Pins 308 contain insert 302 and also capture sleeve 310 , completing assembly 300 .
- An optional fill hole 312 allows the tube to be filled with liquid after end sealing components are assembled to the tube. A seal pin 314 is then inserted into the fill hole 312 after filling process is complete. Alternatively the tube could be filled first, then the end sealing components assembled, in which case fill hole 312 and pin 314 are not required. Further, fill hole 312 could receive the above mentioned pressure sensor.
Abstract
Description
- The present application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/816,367 filed Apr. 26, 2013, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- The present invention generally relates to doctoring systems, and relates in particular to doctor blade holders that provide improved performance of doctoring systems during the production of tissue and paper.
- In certain applications, it is desirable to provide Yankee coating and creping systems having improved reliability within the tissue industry. Yankee dryer blade holders are required to provide near uniform loading across the sheet width, while not causing maintenance issues such as Yankee surface chatter marks. Yankee dryer doctor blade holders are typically comprised of a working blade, and supporting components such as a backup blade and a self-compensating load tube.
- U.S. Pat. No. 3,529,315 for example, discloses a liquid filled tube that has a means of assisting the working blade to conform to a roll crown by displacing liquid along its length, and the liquid, being provided at uniform pressure, should result in near uniform blade load. U.S. Pat. No. 3,529,315 also teaches us that the conforming tube may negotiate or follow a high spot on the roll circumference without affecting load to any significant extent. As discussed further below however, such a characteristic encourages low machine direction (MD) stiffness, which is, however, not desirable with regard to unwanted chatter.
- U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,688,336; 3,711,888; 3,778,861 and 4,630,328 disclose holder inventions that utilize a liquid tube. U.S. Pat. No. 3,688,336 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,711,888 disclose a cartridge assembly of which the tube is a component. U.S. Pat. No. 3,778,861 discloses a protective metal sheath for the tube. U.S. Pat. No. 4,630,328 discloses a sealing means to address seal failures during the time period of that patent. The increasingly demanding challenges of Yankee doctoring systems, however, may not be met by the end sealing means that are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,630,328. If the seal fails, there is loss of liquid, and ingress of air is possible, reducing dynamic stiffness. Thus there becomes a need for improved sealing of the self compensating tube.
- It is important that a liquid tube offer load self-compensation to negotiate crown, but it should also maintain suitable local and lengthwise MD stiffness in order to negotiate dynamic changes on the roll circumference. A Yankee blade holder with high dynamic stiffness over an extended frequency range will be able to negotiate a roll surface defect feature. Further, the absence of suitable stiffness will increase the likelihood of self-excited vibration leading to the creation of chatter marks.
- The present commercially available tube has numerous features which influence local MD stiffness as well as overall (lengthwise) MD stiffness. The tube assembly is comprised of the tube and the enclosed liquid, and both of these contribute greatly to the MD stiffness; 1) the tube through its material elastic modulus and strength, along with its geometry (thickness, height, width, shape), and 2) the liquid through its bulk modulus of elasticity.
- The operating conditions of Tissue machines are increasingly demanding as speed, temperature and loads increase, and Yankee hardness of surface coatings increase. Beyond the conventional approach of improved materials, there becomes a need for additional features in the tube to increase its dynamic stiffness and damping, while retaining the self-compensating features.
- The presence of entrained air will reduce the effective bulk modulus of the liquid. Only a small percentage of air by volume will reduce the bulk modulus by as much as two orders of magnitude. Since the tube assembly stiffness is dictated primarily by development of pressure, a lowered bulk modulus is devastating on stiffness.
- The tissue industry has placed more emphasis on improved performance of numerous coating and creping parameters. Thus there is a need for improved and additional means of measuring blade load behavior. A typical industry practice is to mount vibration sensors on the doctor beam. These locations however, are removed from the blade tip, and thus unique vibration signatures present in the blade tip may be undetected.
- There remains a need therefore, for a system and method for measuring and/or mitigating vibration in certain doctor blade holder systems.
- In accordance with an embodiment, the invention provides a self-compensating tube assembly for use in a doctor blade holder. The self-compensating tube assembly includes a tube including a membrane that encloses a liquid with a substantially invariable bulk modulus of elasticity, density and viscosity; and chatter responsive means for providing any of monitoring of blade chatter through pressure, damping of blade chatter, and minimizing blade chatter.
- In accordance with a further embodiment, the invention provides a self-compensating tube assembly for use in a doctor blade holder. The self-compensating tube assembly includes a tube including a membrane that encloses a liquid with a substantially invariable bulk m modulus of elasticity, density and viscosity; and dynamic means for enhancing dynamic stiffness and damping.
- In accordance with a further embodiment, the invention provides a method of providing a self-compensating tube assembly for use in a doctor blade holder. The method includes the steps of: providing a tube including a membrane that encloses a liquid with substantially invariable bulk modulus of elasticity, density and viscosity; and providing any of monitoring of blade chatter through pressure, damping of blade chatter and minimizing of blade chatter
- The following description may be further understood with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
-
FIG. 1 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a doctor blade holder system including a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 2 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 3 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of the self-compensating load tube assembly ofFIG. 2 under a load pressure; -
FIG. 4 shows an illustrative diagrammatic superimposed view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the invention prior to and during application of a load; -
FIG. 5 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that includes fiber reinforced material; -
FIG. 6 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that includes separate and distinct volumetric zones; -
FIG. 7 shows an illustrative diagrammatic sectional view of the self-compensating load tube assembly ofFIG. 6 taken along line 7-7 thereof; -
FIG. 8 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that includes individual smaller parallel tubes; -
FIG. 9 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that includes a stacked pair of narrow tubes; -
FIG. 10 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that includes a means for providing dynamic inertial restriction; -
FIG. 11 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that provides squeeze film damping; -
FIG. 12 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that providing squeeze film damping via an internal spring; -
FIG. 13 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that provides squeeze film damping and in which volume is compartmentalized; -
FIG. 14 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that provides shear between adjacent surfaces of upper and lower stand-off surfaces and restrictor flow either inertial or viscous; -
FIG. 15 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that includes an open cell foam compartment; -
FIG. 16 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that provides lengthwise compartmentalization of the liquid; -
FIG. 17 shows an illustrative diagrammatic sectional view of the self-compensating load tube assembly ofFIG. 16 taken along line 17-17 thereof; -
FIG. 18 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that includes magnetorheologhical fluid and adjacent magnetic field sources; -
FIG. 19 shows an illustrative diagrammatic end view of the self-compensating load tube assembly ofFIG. 18 taken along line 19-19 thereof; -
FIG. 20 shows an illustrative diagrammatic side view of the self-compensating load tube assembly ofFIG. 18 taken along line 20-20 thereof; -
FIG. 21 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that includes dynamic pressure sensors; -
FIG. 22 shows an illustrative diagrammatic exploded view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that provides improved end sealing; -
FIG. 23 shows an illustrative diagrammatic end view of the self-compensating load tube assembly ofFIG. 22 taken along line 23-23 thereof; -
FIG. 24 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of the self-compensating load tube assembly ofFIG. 22 taken along line 24-24 thereof; -
FIG. 25 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of the self-compensating load tube assembly ofFIG. 22 taken along line 25-25 thereof; -
FIG. 26 shows an illustrative diagrammatic view of a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the invention that use alignment pins; -
FIG. 27 shows an illustrative diagrammatic enlarged view of an end portion of the self-compensating load tube assembly ofFIG. 26 ; and -
FIG. 28 shows an illustrative diagrammatic exploded view of the end portion of the self-compensating load tube assembly ofFIG. 26 . - The drawings are shown for illustrative purposes only and are not to scale.
- The present invention is concerned with providing an improved self-compensating support element for a doctor blade system that operates at higher loads and promotes reduction of blade vibration during the production of tissue and paper. Devices of the invention further may be used as a process monitoring device, in particular as it applies to tissue production and Yankee chatter. Since the tube is in communication with the blade, applicants have discovered that the tube's pressure may be used as an indicator of time variant blade forces associated with chatter events.
- Chatter is a dynamic event, involving dynamic motion of blade holder components. Damping, if introduced within degrees of freedom that are participating in the chatter event, will likely decrease motion and therefore decrease the magnitude of chatter. Introducing damping in the self-compensating tube, will likely reduce chatter for those cases in which the tube is part of the vibration mode participating in the chatter event. Conventional devices do not provide damping means nor any measurement using the tube. The tube provides a reactive force against a guide plate that varies along the cross machine direction (CD) to accommodate variations in load during tissue processing.
- In the present invention, it is disclosed how to take advantage of the self-compensating element and implement means for proper tube assembly stiffness, blade vibration measurement, and blade vibration mitigation. The present invention provides an improved self-compensating tube for use in Yankee Dryer blade holders, that addresses shortcomings of present designs and adds additional benefits such as vibration monitoring and vibration mitigation means.
-
FIG. 1 shows adoctor blade holder 10 that includes a doctorblade holder cartridge 12 for receiving adoctor blade 14, a back-upblade 16 that supports thedoctor blade 14, as well as atop plate 20 and abottom plate 22. The doctorblade holder cartridge 12 may be as disclosed, for example, in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/263,335 filed Apr. 28, 2014 (Attorney Docket No. 9616), the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Thebottom plate 22 is mounted to a doctor back 24. The doctor blade holder also includes a self-compensatingload tube assembly 26 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. - The self-compensating
load tube assembly 26 includes asynthetic tube 28 that encloses a liquid 30 as shown inFIG. 2 .FIG. 3 demonstrates how stiffness is defined. Load L is applied atsurface 32 oftube 26 where tube is constrained against anothersurface 34, and thetube surface 32 undergoes deflection as shown diagrammatically at dt inFIG. 4 . Stiffness=Load/Deflection. The volume inside thetube 26 will decrease, and subsequently the liquid pressure will increase (as thesurface 32 is deflected downward). The stiffness is dominated by the tube Elastic Modulus in both the machine direction (MD) and cross machine direction (CD) directions, and equally so by the bulk modulus of elasticity of the liquid. - Preferably the tube behaves very stiff in membrane behavior, less so in bending. To meet this, the tube thickness shall be generally thin, and may include fiber reinforcement added near the neutral axis of the tube wall, so as to maximize membrane stiffness and limit bending stiffness. In the limit, it is observed that too much bending stiffness, such as with a metal tube, will not allow for self-compensation; the tube will be too rigid.
FIG. 5 , for example, shows a self-compensatingload tube assembly 36 that includesthin walls 38 as well as reinforcingfibers 40 that run in the cross machine direction andreinforcement fibers 42 that run in the machine direction. Themembrane reinforcement fibers - Blade chatter is a dynamic event, and associated with it are time fluctuating forces. The addition of system damping would generally reduce chatter and chatter development, so if blade chatter involves a mode of which the tube is a part, chatter may be avoided or reduced. Typically, damping within the liquid may be provided via inertial restriction, or viscous restriction (including squeeze film damping effects). Inertial restriction would require substantial density (e.g., air not suitable), viscous restriction would require substantial viscosity.
-
FIG. 6 shows an embodiment showing a compartmentalized configuration of a self-compensatingload tube assembly 46 in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention in which there are two distinctvolumetric zones load tube assembly 46 captures a secondinternal tubular component 52. Standoffs 54 (provided on rails 56) communicate with theinside surface 58 of theouter tube 60, so that assurface 58, as well astube 50, is deflected under a load condition. -
FIG. 7 shows a sectional view of the self-compensatingload tube assembly 46 ofFIG. 6 . The internal volume oftube 60 andcomponent 52 are each filled with liquid. As thesurface 58 deflects, the volume of theouter tube 60 is decreased and corresponding pressure increases. Similarly the volume of the internaltubular component 52 is decreased and there will be an exchange of liquid throughinertial restrictors 62 that separate the volume of the internaltubular component 52 and the volume of theouter tube 60. Therestrictors 62 may be placed along the lengthwise direction. Thestandoffs 54 may be continuous in the lengthwise direction in certain embodiments. In further embodiments, the standoffs may themselves include restrictors. If the standoffs are continuous, then the internal volume is further compartmentalized, and additional damping may be achieved. - Another embodiment of a self-compensating
load tube assembly 66 in accordance with an embodiment of the invention includes separate volumes with inertial restrictors as shown inFIG. 8 (and as discussed above). The self-compensatingload tube assembly 66 includes anouter tube 68 as well as individualsmaller tubes ribs 76. Deflection ofsurface 78 causes pressure changes involume 80, and results in fluid exchange withvolumes inertial restrictors 88. - In accordance with a further embodiment of the invention, a self-compensating
load tube assembly 96 includes anouter tube 98, as well as two stacked internalnarrower tubes FIG. 9 . Whensurface 104 is deflected,volumes tubes volume 110 of theouter tube 98 across restrictors 112 (as discussed above). - In accordance with still another embodiment of the invention, a self-compensating
load tube assembly 116 is shown inFIG. 10 . The self-compensatingload tube assembly 116 includes anouter tube 118 as well as aninternal tube 120 that includes restrictors 122 (as discussed above).Tube 118 captures aninternal tube 120. Whensurface 124 is deflected,volume 126 withintube 120 decrease, hence an increase in pressure will result in fluid exchange withvolume 128 ofouter tube 118 acrossrestrictors 122. - In accordance with a further embodiment on the invention, self-compensating
load tube assembly 136 may provide squeeze film damping as shown inFIG. 10 . In particular, the self-compensatingload tube assembly 136 includes anouter tube 138 that encloses a multiplelayered component 140, which may be a separate component or integrated withintube 138, for example in an as extruded configuration. As thesurface 142 is deflected, so do the multiple surfaces 144 of thelayered component 140, and liquid is squeezed in and out of the region between layers. With liquid as the internal fluid, having reasonable viscosity, an average gap of 0.005 inches between layers should introduce reasonable damping. -
FIG. 12 shows a self-compensating load tube assembly in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention. The self-compensatingload tube assembly 146 includes anouter tube 148 as well as alayered component 150 that provides a squeeze film effect. Thelayered component 150 includes interfacing surfaces (e.g., 152) that function as discussed above, as well as a spring component When under a load condition, an optional inertial restrictor 156 (as discussed above with reference to internal tubes) provides communication betweenvolume zone 158 andvolume zone 160. - In
FIG. 13 shown a self-compensatingload tube assembly 166 in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention. In the embodiment ofFIG. 13 , internal volume is also compartmentalized, such that both squeeze film effects and inertial restriction are present. In particular, the self-compensatingload tube assembly 166 includes anouter tube 168 that contains a layered component 170 that provides first and secondvolumetric zones surfaces surfaces volume 184 andvolumes -
FIG. 14 shows a further embodiment of self-compensatingload tube assembly 196. The self-compensatingload tube assembly 196 includes anouter tube 198 that encloses a liquid, wherein the inner surface of theouter tube 198 is serpentine, extending into the interior of the tube assembly with protrudingwalls surface 204 oftube 198 is deflected downward, liquid is sheared between adjacent surfaces of upper standoffs 206 (provided by protrusions 200) and lower standoffs 208 (provided by protrusions 202). Further, the compartmentalizedvolumes 210 are reduced, forcing flow across gaps between upper and lower standoffs tooutboard volumes -
FIG. 15 shows an example of a self-compensatingload tube assembly 216 in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention that includes anouter tube 218 that contains as well as an opencell foam component 220. Liquid fills all remaining volume. Assurface 222 is deflected dynamically downward, liquid will be transported within random voids (of changing geometry) of the open cell foam. The fluid transport will be inertial, viscous, or both, resulting in damped movement. -
FIG. 16 shows a self-compensatingload tube assembly 226 in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention that includes volumes that are compartmentalized in lengthwise sense. In particular, thetube assembly 226 includesmultiple insert components 228, each of which includesrestrictor passages 230, as well as anouter tube 232 that contains thecomponents 228.FIG. 17 shows a sectional view of a portion of the tube assembly ofFIG. 16 taken along line 17-17 thereof. When lengthwise variations in tube dynamic deflection occur at surface 234, liquid flows betweenvolumes 236 through therestrictor passages 230. - The aforementioned embodiments utilize fluid transport across restrictors (either discrete or continuous) that invoke inertial or viscous resistance. There will be other configurations in addition to those shown, that would be consistent with the scope and spirit of the invention.
-
FIG. 18 shows a self-compensatingload tube assembly 246 in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention that includes anouter tube 248,magnetorheological fluid 250, and adjacent discrete magnetic field sources 252.FIG. 19 shows a sectional view of the tube assembly ofFIG. 18 taken along line 19-19 thereof showing wires within the magnetic field sources 252. The discrete magnetic field sources may not be attached to the tube (the tube in fact may be attached to the back-up blade). The tube and the magnetic field sources are shown to be positioned near each other.FIG. 20 shows a diagrammatic side view of the tube assembly with the coils of wires within themagnetic fields sources 252 visible. The presence of a magnetic field aligns carbon particles within the magnetorheological liquid, making the liquid very stiff (solid-like). The extent of stiffness can be varied with the strength of the magnetic field, and may be individually adjusted for each magnetic field source along the length of the tube assembly. - The tube assembly may be used to assist in process monitoring. Blade vibration may involve modes that introduce motion at the self-compensating tube, as described above. Such dynamic motion will create fluctuating pressure inside the tube assembly. This pressure may be measured using a dynamic pressure sensor, suitable to extremely high frequency.
FIG. 21 for example, shows a self-compensatingload tube assembly 256 that includes anouter tube 258 that is filled withliquid 260. At each end of theouter tube 258, adynamic pressure sensor 262 is connected. The sensor signal from eachdynamic pressure sensor 262 is sent to aspectrum analyzer 264. Monitoring the spectrum via adisplay device 266 that is coupled to theanalyzer 264 may provide insight to the health of the tissue making processing at the Yankee dryer holder locations. - Contemporary load levels also challenge the sealing means at the tube ends, which currently utilizes a crimped elastomer insert, and prior to that crimped metal insert and heat sealing.
FIG. 22 shows an end of a self-compensatingload tube assembly 276 in accordance with an embodiment that improves on the current as well as past sealing means. Thetube assembly 276 may include anouter tube 278 formed of geometry such as shown in cross section atFIG. 24 , and the outer tube is provided as in a flattened geometry as shown inFIG. 25 by heating at the ends 280. Twoclamp components tube region 280 to seal it from liquid egress, or air ingress. Fastener components provide the preload to the clamp assembly, and O-rings provide secondary sealing in the event there was otherwise leakage past holes in the ends 280. - In accordance with another embodiment, a self-compensating
load tube assembly 296 that includes anouter tube 298 as well as sealed ends 300. With reference toFIGS. 27 and 28 , eachsealed end 300 includes aninsert 302, with grooves to receive O-rings ring 306 seals the tube inside surface and groove the groove from liquid leakage, and ingress of air. O-ring 304 serves more of an assembly alignment purpose, and a secondary seal. Theinsert 302 is held in place bypins 308, or other suitable means such as fasteners or rivets.Pins 308 containinsert 302 and also capturesleeve 310, completingassembly 300. Anoptional fill hole 312 allows the tube to be filled with liquid after end sealing components are assembled to the tube. Aseal pin 314 is then inserted into thefill hole 312 after filling process is complete. Alternatively the tube could be filled first, then the end sealing components assembled, in which case fillhole 312 and pin 314 are not required. Further, fillhole 312 could receive the above mentioned pressure sensor. - Those skilled in the art will appreciate that numerous modifications and variations may be made to the above disclosed embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (20)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US14/263,700 US20150075928A1 (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2014-04-28 | Systems and methods for providing doctor blade holders with vibration mitigation |
US17/721,415 US11834790B2 (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2022-04-15 | Systems and methods for providing doctor blade holders with vibration mitigation |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US201361816367P | 2013-04-26 | 2013-04-26 | |
US14/263,700 US20150075928A1 (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2014-04-28 | Systems and methods for providing doctor blade holders with vibration mitigation |
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US17/721,415 Continuation US11834790B2 (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2022-04-15 | Systems and methods for providing doctor blade holders with vibration mitigation |
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US20150075928A1 true US20150075928A1 (en) | 2015-03-19 |
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US17/721,415 Active US11834790B2 (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2022-04-15 | Systems and methods for providing doctor blade holders with vibration mitigation |
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US17/721,415 Active US11834790B2 (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2022-04-15 | Systems and methods for providing doctor blade holders with vibration mitigation |
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US (2) | US20150075928A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2989245B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN105814258B (en) |
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Cited By (4)
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US20150122444A1 (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2015-05-07 | Kadant Inc. | Doctor blade holder systems |
CN110118260A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-13 | 太原科技大学 | Floating envelope stress relaxation oil leak life-span prediction method and long-term seal float seal apparatus |
US10604896B2 (en) | 2011-10-20 | 2020-03-31 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Method for early warning chatter detection and asset protection management |
US11041271B2 (en) | 2017-10-24 | 2021-06-22 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Deposit detection in a paper making system via vibration analysis |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN105814258A (en) | 2016-07-27 |
EP2989245A4 (en) | 2016-10-05 |
EP2989245A1 (en) | 2016-03-02 |
ES2856212T3 (en) | 2021-09-27 |
US20220243398A1 (en) | 2022-08-04 |
US11834790B2 (en) | 2023-12-05 |
CN105814258B (en) | 2018-02-06 |
WO2014176597A1 (en) | 2014-10-30 |
EP2989245B1 (en) | 2020-12-23 |
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