EA201991040A1 - Одностадийный низкотемпературный способ переработки сырой нефти - Google Patents

Одностадийный низкотемпературный способ переработки сырой нефти

Info

Publication number
EA201991040A1
EA201991040A1 EA201991040A EA201991040A EA201991040A1 EA 201991040 A1 EA201991040 A1 EA 201991040A1 EA 201991040 A EA201991040 A EA 201991040A EA 201991040 A EA201991040 A EA 201991040A EA 201991040 A1 EA201991040 A1 EA 201991040A1
Authority
EA
Eurasian Patent Office
Prior art keywords
raw oil
processing raw
temperature method
stage low
aforementioned
Prior art date
Application number
EA201991040A
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed filed Critical
Publication of EA201991040A1 publication Critical patent/EA201991040A1/ru

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G29/00Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
    • C10G29/20Organic compounds not containing metal atoms
    • C10G29/22Organic compounds not containing metal atoms containing oxygen as the only hetero atom
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G17/00Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with acids, acid-forming compounds or acid-containing liquids, e.g. acid sludge
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G17/00Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with acids, acid-forming compounds or acid-containing liquids, e.g. acid sludge
    • C10G17/095Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with acids, acid-forming compounds or acid-containing liquids, e.g. acid sludge with "solid acids", e.g. phosphoric acid deposited on a carrier
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G3/00Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
    • C10G3/40Thermal non-catalytic treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G61/00Treatment of naphtha by at least one reforming process and at least one process of refining in the absence of hydrogen
    • C10G61/02Treatment of naphtha by at least one reforming process and at least one process of refining in the absence of hydrogen plural serial stages only
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G9/00Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1003Waste materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1003Waste materials
    • C10G2300/1007Used oils
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1037Hydrocarbon fractions
    • C10G2300/1044Heavy gasoline or naphtha having a boiling range of about 100 - 180 °C
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1037Hydrocarbon fractions
    • C10G2300/1048Middle distillates
    • C10G2300/1051Kerosene having a boiling range of about 180 - 230 °C
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1037Hydrocarbon fractions
    • C10G2300/1048Middle distillates
    • C10G2300/1055Diesel having a boiling range of about 230 - 330 °C
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1081Alkanes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/20Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
    • C10G2300/30Physical properties of feedstocks or products
    • C10G2300/305Octane number, e.g. motor octane number [MON], research octane number [RON]
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/40Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
    • C10G2300/4006Temperature
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2400/00Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
    • C10G2400/02Gasoline
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2400/00Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
    • C10G2400/04Diesel oil
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P30/00Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
    • Y02P30/20Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)
EA201991040A 2016-11-08 2017-04-04 Одностадийный низкотемпературный способ переработки сырой нефти EA201991040A1 (ru)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL248844A IL248844B (en) 2016-11-08 2016-11-08 One-step process of refining crude oil at low temperature
PCT/IL2017/050407 WO2018087744A1 (en) 2016-11-08 2017-04-04 One-step low-temperature process for crude oil refining

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EA201991040A1 true EA201991040A1 (ru) 2019-10-31

Family

ID=58633067

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EA201991040A EA201991040A1 (ru) 2016-11-08 2017-04-04 Одностадийный низкотемпературный способ переработки сырой нефти

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US10947459B2 (enExample)
EP (1) EP3538625A1 (enExample)
JP (1) JP6868116B2 (enExample)
KR (1) KR102384857B1 (enExample)
CN (1) CN109963924B (enExample)
AU (1) AU2017357890A1 (enExample)
BR (1) BR112019009269B1 (enExample)
CA (1) CA3042847A1 (enExample)
EA (1) EA201991040A1 (enExample)
IL (1) IL248844B (enExample)
MX (1) MX2019005337A (enExample)
SG (1) SG11201903435YA (enExample)
UA (1) UA126861C2 (enExample)
WO (1) WO2018087744A1 (enExample)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11572517B2 (en) * 2019-12-03 2023-02-07 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Processing facility to produce hydrogen and petrochemicals

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB629711A (en) 1946-10-03 1949-09-27 Standard Oil Dev Co Distillation of acid-treated mineral oils
JPS5620085A (en) * 1979-07-27 1981-02-25 Nippon Mining Co Ltd Reforming
US4512878A (en) * 1983-02-16 1985-04-23 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. Used oil re-refining
US5152886A (en) * 1990-10-31 1992-10-06 Laboratorios Paris, C.A. Method for improving heavy crude oils by reducing the asphaltene content of crude oils and oil-containing tar sands
JP3866894B2 (ja) * 2000-02-29 2007-01-10 東芝プラントシステム株式会社 プラスチックの熱分解方法およびこの方法により得られた熱分解生成物
JP3894854B2 (ja) * 2001-07-31 2007-03-22 東京エルテック株式会社 廃棄物リサイクル方法
KR101956407B1 (ko) * 2011-07-29 2019-03-08 사우디 아라비안 오일 컴퍼니 인터스테이지 증기 스트리핑을 갖는 수소화분해 공정
US8940949B2 (en) * 2011-09-23 2015-01-27 Gary Peyton Miller Hydrothermal conversion of biomass to hydrocarbon products
DE102012012199A1 (de) * 2012-06-20 2013-12-24 Nexxoil Ag Verfahren zur thermischen Umwandlung von heteroatomhaltigen Rohölen in heteroatomarme Leicht- und Mittelöle, mit diesem Verfahren hergestellte Produkte und deren Verwendung
WO2014074786A1 (en) 2012-11-09 2014-05-15 Research Foundation Of The City University Of New York Process for converting fats, oils or greases into fuels
FI127333B (en) * 2014-12-19 2018-04-13 Upm Kymmene Corp Process for the preparation of hydrocarbons

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN109963924B (zh) 2022-01-18
US10947459B2 (en) 2021-03-16
CN109963924A (zh) 2019-07-02
SG11201903435YA (en) 2019-05-30
KR20190072637A (ko) 2019-06-25
US20190241818A1 (en) 2019-08-08
CA3042847A1 (en) 2018-05-17
IL248844A0 (en) 2017-03-30
MX2019005337A (es) 2019-10-21
UA126861C2 (uk) 2023-02-15
KR102384857B1 (ko) 2022-04-08
JP6868116B2 (ja) 2021-05-12
WO2018087744A1 (en) 2018-05-17
EP3538625A1 (en) 2019-09-18
BR112019009269B1 (pt) 2022-06-28
AU2017357890A1 (en) 2019-06-20
JP2019537659A (ja) 2019-12-26
BR112019009269A2 (enExample) 2019-07-23
IL248844B (en) 2019-12-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
FI20166018A7 (fi) Kasvipohjainen proteiinituote ja menetelmä sen valmistamiseksi
HUE066285T2 (hu) Eljárás megújuló bázisolaj, dízel és benzin elõállítására
BR112017020111A2 (pt) método e aparelhos para fabricação de produtos de tabaco aquecíveis por indução
EA201691364A1 (ru) Способ превращения смеси пластмассовых отходов (mwp) в ценные нефтехимические продукты
MX2019001056A (es) Purificacion de materia prima mediante tratamiento termico.
CL2016003135A1 (es) Conjuntos de troquel giratorio, métodos para usarlos y productos alimenticios elaborados con estos.
PH12015500964A1 (en) Process for producing olefin-containing products by thermal steam cracking
BR112015029175A2 (pt) processo para preparar ácido levulínico
CO2020002156A2 (es) Produccion a gran escala de productos líquidos y solidos de trichoderma
TW201614760A (en) Heater apparatus for substrate processing and liquid processing arraratus for substrate comprising the same
EP3620451A4 (en) PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF 2,3-DICHLORO-5-TRIFLUOROMETHYLPYRIDINE WITH HIGH SELECTIVITY
MX2015013012A (es) Isomerizacion a alta temperatura de (e)-1-cloro-3,3,3-trifluroprop eno a (z)-1-cloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropeno.
FI20145305A7 (fi) Proteiinituotteet ja menetelmät niiden valmistamiseksi
MY174192A (en) Process for the production of olefinic compounds and a hydrocarbon fuel or a fraction thereof
MX389075B (es) Métodos para tratar un producto agrícola crudo con dióxido de cloro.
EA201991040A1 (ru) Одностадийный низкотемпературный способ переработки сырой нефти
FI20166019A7 (fi) Lämpöstabiili maitoproteiinituote ja menetelmä sen valmistamiseksi
PL3347480T3 (pl) Samowystarczalny sposób wytwarzania hydrolizatu biomasy ze zmniejszoną zawartością soli
DE112016004355A5 (de) Umweltfreundliche selbstständig regelbare Anlage zur kontinuierlichen Erzeugung von Pflanzenkohle mit großer Ausbeute, gleichbleibend hoher Güte aus Biomasse und Verfahren zur Erzeugung derselben
AR103141A1 (es) Proceso para tratamiento de lana y productos
MX359712B (es) Productos de desecho tratado, métodos para prepararlos y utilizar los mismos.
MX2016012822A (es) Metodo para reducir el contenido de acido desoxirribonucleico (adn) de un caldo de fermentacion.
EA201791247A1 (ru) Усовершенствованный способ мто для повышенного образования пропилена и высокоценных продуктов
WO2015158686A3 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zur thermischen behandlung von reibbelägen
EA201690442A1 (ru) Способ приготовления высокопротеиновой фракции подсолнечного шрота