EA037852B1 - Fungicidal composition for seed treatment of leguminous crops and sunflower - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to combinations of active compounds, in particular to a fungicidal composition that contains azoxystrobin, belonging to the class of strobilurins, tebuconazole, belonging to the class of azoles, and thiram, belonging to the class of dithiocarbamates, and exhibits a synergistic effect, and can be used to control diseases of leguminous crops, sunflower by seed treatment before seeding against seed and soil infections, including loose smut. The technical result consists in development of a synergetic composition to treat agricultural seeds, highly efficient protection of agricultural crops against various diseases at early phases of development, minimizing the application of leaf fungicides, and stability of composition during storage for at least 2 years from the date of manufacture. The objective is achieved due to the fact that the proposed fungicidal composition with synergistic activity for the treatment of agricultural crops includes a mixture of tebuconazole with azoxystrobin with an addition of thiram in synergistic amounts with the weight ratio of tebuconazole 0.17-5:azoxystrobin 1:thiram 2-100.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to combinations of active compounds, in particular to a fungicidal composition containing azoxystrobin, belonging to the class of strobilurins, tebuconazole, belonging to the class of azoles, and tyram, belonging to the class of dithiocarbamates, exhibiting a synergistic effect, and can be used in the fight against diseases of leguminous crops, sunflower by dressing seeds before sowing against seed and soil infections, including against dust smut.

Azoxystrobin, 2- {2- [6- (2-cyano-1-vinylpenta-1,3dinyloxy) pyrimidin-4-yloxy] phenyl} -3-methoxyacrylic acid methyl ester, has a systemic and contact action with a protective and healing effect ... The mechanism of action is due to the ability of the substance to suppress mitochondrial respiration of pathogen cells, which leads to their rapid death. It is highly effective against pathogens of downy mildew and powdery mildew, as well as against races of the pathogen resistant to triazole derivatives.

Tebuconazole, 1- (4-chlorophenyl) -4,4-dimethyl-3- [1,2,4] triazol-1-ylmethylpentan-3-ol, has a systemic and protective effect. It has an eradication and therapeutic effect. It is an inhibitor of steroid demethylation in ergosterone biosynthesis. The fungicide is designed to combat various fungal diseases of cereals, legumes, garden, vegetable and many other crops.

Thiram, bis (dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfite, a protective contact fungicide that does not penetrate plants or seeds and inhibits spore germination or the initial growth of the mycelium of a pathogen on the surface. Penetrating into the cells of the pathogen, it inhibits the activity of enzymes containing copper atoms or sulfhydryl groups. Thiram is not effective for combating internal smut infection (wheat, barley smut) and head diseases of hulled crops (oats, barley, millet). It remains on plants for 1-1.5 months after treatment. Actively suppresses the development of pathogens from the class of oomycetes and partly basidiomycetes, affecting the aboveground mass and plant seeds

A plant disease that damages crops can cause a significant decrease in productivity and thus lead to increased cost to the consumer. Plant diseases are often highly destructive, difficult to control, and can develop resistance to industrial fungicides. Many products are available for these purposes, but there remains a need for new fungicidal compositions that are more effective, less expensive, less toxic, and more environmentally friendly. Accordingly, new efficient combinations are needed to provide the best conditions for maximum yields.

Known synergistic composition EA 014115, including tebuconazole and mefenoxam for seed treatment. The mass ratio of the two active ingredients contained in the composition is from 2000: 1 to 1: 1000.

Known fungicidal mixture (EA 011813), containing as active components: 1) dimethylamide 3- (3-bromo-6-fluoro-2-methylindole-1-sulfonyl) - [1,2,4] triazole-1-sulfonic acid of the formula IA and 2) at least one active ingredient selected from the group comprising azoxystrobin in a synergistically effective amount. In addition, the above mixture may additionally contain an active substance from the groups: azoles, such as tebuconazole, dithiocarbamates, such as thiram. Effective against pathogenic fungi. They are introduced sequentially or together. Spraying of plants, dressing and soil fungicide.

However, the known preparations are effective at high consumption rates, which negatively affects the state of the environment.

Known fungicide Tyr TPS (400 tiram + 25 tebuconazole, g / l), approved for use on the territory of the Russian Federation to combat pests of grain crops.

Known composition for combating phytopathogenic plant diseases, including a derivative of phenylpropargyl ether and azoxystrobin (RF No. 2259353). Azoxystrobin is used in fungicidal compositions in combination with other active compounds, often in synergistically effective amounts. For example, with derivatives of pyridylethylbenzamide (RF No. 2360417), with carbendazim (US Pat. No. 2681739), with O-methyloxime methyl ester 2- [a - {[(a-methyl-3-trifluoromethylbenzyl) imino] oxy} ortho-tolyl ] glyoxylic acid (RF No. 282993), with an amide derivative of carboxylic acid (RF No. 2483541), with a 1,2,3-thiadiazole derivative (RF No. 2165144,), with Nsulfonylvalinamide (RF No. 2270564), with a carboxamide compound (RF No. 2558214) and other compounds with fungicidal activity (RF Nos. 2387133, 2595155, 2417590, 2192743, 2547554).

To expand the spectrum of action and enhance the biological activity, tebuconazole is used in various mixed preparations (RF No. 2024228, 2192743, 2040899, 2232504).

A known fungicidal composition (RF 2527024) containing a tetrazolyloxime derivative (A) and (B) a fungicidal compound selected from the list consisting of azoxystrobin as a respiration inhibitor and tebuconazole as an inhibitor of ergosterol biosynthesis, with a mass ratio A / B in the range from 1 / 0.01 to 1/100, intended for the protection of plants, crops or

- 1 037852 seeds against fungal diseases.

The closest technical solution adopted by the authors as a prototype is RF patent No. 2426312, which describes a composition consisting of tebuconazole, azoxystrobin and another isopyrazam compound. The composition is applied to beneficial plants, their location or propagation material against phytopathogenic fungi.

Taking into account the reduction in consumption rates and the broadening of the spectrum of action of the known compounds, the present invention was based on the task of developing mixtures which, if possible, with small total amounts of consumed active substances, exhibit an improved action against pathogenic fungi. Accordingly, the above mixtures have been developed. It has been found that with the simultaneous combined use of a compound of active substances, pathogenic fungi can be better controlled.

The present invention was based on the task of developing a composition that exhibits improved action against pathogenic fungi. In accordance with this, compositions of three active substances from different chemical groups with different mechanisms of action have been developed. In addition, it was found that with the simultaneous combined use of tebuconazole, azoxystrobin and thiram, it is possible to better deal with root rot, snow mold, sunflower rot, fusarium and ascochitosis of legumes with the manifestation of three active substances of a synergistic effect.

The mixtures according to the invention can be converted into conventional formulations, for example solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, fine powders, pastes and granulates.

The form of application is oriented towards the purpose of the application. In any case, it should ensure a fine and uniform distribution of the compounds according to the invention.

Separately, the active substance from the proposed synergistic mixture is usually used in an amount: azoxystrobin - 10-40 g / t, tebuconazole - 10-40 g / t, thiram - 200-800 g / t. In the proposed composition of the drug (tebuconazole: azoxystrobin: thiram, g / t) the optimal weight ratio is from (0.175): 1: (2-100). The consumption rates of the composition are 280-560 g / t.

The objective of the present invention is to expand the range of effective fungicides used for dressing seeds of legumes, sunflower and other crops, to combat phytopathogenic microorganisms, enhance the effect of the drug on harmful objects and increase the duration of protection.

The technical result is the development of a synergistic composition for the treatment of seeds of agricultural crops, highly effective protection of crops from various diseases in the early phases of culture development; minimizing the introduction of leaf fungicides, ensuring the stability of the composition during storage for at least 2 years from the date of manufacture.

The task is achieved due to the fact that the proposed fungicidal composition with synergistic activity for the treatment of agricultural crops includes a mixture of tebuconazole with azoxystrobin with additional addition of thiram in synergistic amounts, with a mass ratio of tebuconazole 0.17-5: azoxystrobin 1: thiram 2-100 ...

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1. Obtaining a fungicidal composition.

To obtain 1 liter of the composition, an aqueous premix containing 25 g of tebuconazole, 15 g of azoxystrobin and 400 g of thiram is prepared, thoroughly mixed at a temperature of 14-18 ° C. Excipients are added. Stirring is carried out until a homogeneous product is formed.

The working solution was prepared immediately before seed treatment. The tank was filled with water and the required amount of the drug was poured into the tank with continuous stirring. Seed treatment is recommended to be carried out on dressing machines of the PS-10 type or on similar machines designed for liquid preparations.

The resulting fungicidal composition was treated with 100 kg of seeds. The usual methods of application are selected. After 20 days, the level of disease incidence was recorded.

A two-component mixture (tebuconazole and azoxystrobin) and its mixture with thiram were used in the experiments.

The proposed composition of active substances is low-toxic, it is proposed for seed dressing.

The active compound combinations according to the invention can be used in the form of their preparative forms, such as suspensions, suspo-emulsions, water-soluble granules. These formulations can be prepared by known methods, for example, by mixing the active substances with at least one solvent, diluent, emulsifier, dispersing agent and / or binder or fixing agent, as well as with other common additives.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples. However, the invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 2. Determination of the synergistic effect.

The expected efficacies E _Waiting. calculated by the Abbott-Colby formula:

- 2 037852 _A _ AxB - A + B - - ¹ , ^w 100 where A and B are the effectiveness for separately applied fungicides.

If the ratio between the experimentally observed efficiency ( _Eexp .) And the expected efficiency ( _Eexp .) - synergistic factor (SF) - is more than 1, the mixture exhibits a synergistic effect:

SF = ^{Eek £ a} ^ ozhmd

Petri dish 86 mm in diameter. Cup area 0.0058 m ² . The consumption rate of the working fluid is 300 l / ha; those. consumption rate for 1 Petri dish - 174 μl / dish (see Table 1-6).

Example 3. Small-plot field trials on wheat.

The results of field experiments are summarized in table. 7.

The effectiveness of the drug of the claimed drug, KS (15 + 25 + 400 g / l) against dust smut on spring wheat (variety Albidum 43). Leningrad region, 2018

Subject to the recommended consumption rates, the composition does not possess phytotoxicity. Subject to the recommended consumption rates and technology of using the composition, the emergence of resistance was not observed.

Similar tests were carried out on barley, soybeans, peas and sunflowers.

The advantages of the proposed fungicidal composition: exhibits enhanced fungicidal effect due to the combination of three active substances with complementary biological properties; provides highly effective protection of crops from various diseases; preventive treatments prevent the development of leaf diseases in a later period of culture development; has a preventive, therapeutic and eradicating effect; the different mechanism of action of the substances that make up the drug provides guaranteed protection and prevents the manifestation of resistant strains of pathogens.

The active ingredient combinations according to the present invention have the beneficial characteristics of protecting plants from infection by pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria, in particular fungi, which lead to disease and damage to the plant: helminthosporium root rot, fusarium root rot, ascochitosis, phomopsis, gray rot cercosporosis.

Table 1. Bipolavis disease. sorokiniana (helminthosporium root rot)

Active ingredients Dose, g DV / t DV ratio E EXP. E expect. SF one Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin 10 60 61.6 Tiram 120 31.2 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Thiram 10 60 120 0.17: 1: 2 84.6 73.6 1.15 2 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin 40 8 42.1 Tiram 400 38.1 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Thiram 40 8 400 5: 1: 100 71.8 64.2 1.12 3 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin 25 fifteen 45.8 Tiram 400 39.1 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Thiram 25 fifteen 400 1.56: 1: 26.6 73.1 67.0 1.09

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Table 2. Fusarium Oxysporum disease (Fusarium root rot)

Active ingredients Dose, g DV / t DV ratio E EXP. E WAIT. SF Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin thirty 180 65.1 one 2 3 Tiram 360 29.6 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Tiram Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Tiram Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Tiram Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Tiram Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Tiram Of tables thirty 180 360 twenty four 400 twenty four 400 25 fifteen 400 25 fifteen 400 a 3. Diseases 0.17: 1: 2 5: 1: 100 1.56: 1: 26.6 e Ascochyta rabiei (a < 81.4 32.2 35.8 60.0 36.0 36.3 64.5 scochitosis) 754 56.5 59.2 1.12 1.06 1.09 Active ingredients Dose, g DV / t DV ratio E EXP. E WAIT. SF Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin thirty 180 65.2 one Tiram 360 27.5 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Thiram thirty 180 360 0.17: 1: 2 78.6 74.8 1.05 ' Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin 20 4 19.8 2 Tiram 400 33.1 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Thiram twenty 4400 5: 1: 100 53.3 46.3 1.15 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin 25 fifteen 24.3 3 Tiram 400 33.9 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Thiram 25 fifteen 400 1.56: 1: 26.6 58.9 50.0 1.18

Table 4. Phomopsis helianthi disease (phomopsis)

Active ingredients Dose, g DV / t DV ratio E EXP. E WAIT. SF one Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin thirty 180 50.2 Tiram 360 55.4 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Thiram thirty 180 360 0.17: 1: 2 86.4 77.8 1.11 2 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin twenty four 16.2 Tiram 400 60.2 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Thiram twenty four 400 5: 1: 100 75.3 66.6 1.13 3 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin 25 fifteen 21.4 Tiram 400 59.5 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Thiram 25 fifteen 400 1.56: 1: 26.6 77.0 68.2 1.13

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Table 5. Disease Botrytis cinerea (gray rot)

one 2 Active ingredients Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Thiram Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Thiram Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Thiram Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Thiram Dose, g DV / ha thirty 180 360 thirty 180 360 twenty four 400 twenty four 400 DV ratio 0.17: 1: 2 5: 1: 100 E exp. 48.2 59.1 83.5 41.3 68.2 87.8 E expect. 78.8 81.3 SF 1.06 1.08 3 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin 25 fifteen 46.4 Tiram 400 68.4 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Thiram 25 fifteen 400 1.56: 1: 26.6 89.7 83.1 1.08

Table 6. Cercospora beticola disease (cercospora)

Active ingredients Dose, g DV / ha DV ratio E EXP. E WAIT. SF one Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin thirty 180 58.4 Tiram 360 28.1 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Thiram thirty 180 360 0.17: 1: 2 77.1 70.1 1.10 2 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin twenty four 48.9 Tiram 400 32.5 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Thiram twenty 4400 5: 1: 100 73.4 65.5 1.12 3 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin 25 fifteen 51.5 Tiram 400 33.0 Tebuconazole Azoxystrobin Thiram 25 fifteen 400 1.56: 1: 26.6 72.2 67.5 1.07

Table 7. The effectiveness of the claimed composition (15 + 25 + 400 g / l) against dust smut on spring wheat (variety Albidum 43)

Experience Option Application rate of the drug, l / t Field germination of seeds,% Date of processing: 17.05. USTITR 10.07. Number of productive stems, pcs / m ² Weight of 1000 grains, g Yield Defeat,% efficiency,% c / ha % to control Composition tebuconazole 25 + azoxystrobin 15+ thyram 400 g / l) 0.8 81.3 0.33 77.2 413 35.3 15.9 116.1 Composition tebuconazole 25 + azoxystrobin 154 (tyram 400 g / l) 1,2 82.3 023 84.1 413 34.5 15.2 110.9 Mixture of tebuconazole 25 + azoxystrobin 15 g / l 1.2 69.8 0.69 52.4 402 34.5 14.0 102.2 -Tiram 400g / l 1.2 71.0 0.78 46.2 398 34.2 13.8 100.7 Control (no processing) - 67.3 1.45 - 392 34.9 13.7 100.0

Note: USTITR- ustilago tritici (dust smut)

Claims (1)

CLAIM Fungicidal composition for dressing seed material of agricultural crops, including a mixture of tebuconazole and azoxystrobin with another fungicide, characterized in that thiram is used as another fungicide, with a mass ratio: tebuconazole: azoxystrobin: thiram (0.17-5): 1: (2 -100).