RU2656965C1 - Fungicidal composition for the wheat seeds presowing treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture. Proposed is a fungicidal composition for the wheat seeds pre-sowing treatment, including tebuconazole, prochlorase, cresoxime-methyl, as well as auxiliary components. At that, the fungicidal composition is presented in the form of a wort emulsion.

EFFECT: invention provides an expansion in the controllable phytopathogens spectrum.

1 cl, 2 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of plant protection, namely to a three-component fungicidal preparation for dressing seeds of agricultural plants, in particular seeds of grain crops.

Fungal diseases of plants cause significant losses in crop yields and their processed products. In order to protect plants from infections caused by phytopathogenic microorganisms (fungi or bacteria), which are located on the surface and inside the grain, as well as in the soil, pre-sowing treatment of seeds is carried out. Such treatment is an important preventive measure in the system of protecting crops from diseases and pests. The most important seed treatment is for crops.

It should be noted that, in comparison with the costs of protecting vegetating plants, pre-sowing treatment allows the use of a minimum amount of technical equipment and is less energy-intensive. However, many seed treatment preparations have been used for a very long time and have ceased to provide stable and sufficient effectiveness. In this regard, the development of compositions of known fungicidal substances that provide certain advantages with this combination is now relevant. The appearance of these compositions allows you to provide a wide range of protection against fungal pathogens, and also allows you to conduct an effective fight against pathogens of fungal diseases that have become resistant to certain fungicidal agents.

To date, the Ukrainian market offers a fairly wide range of various domestic and foreign preparations for presowing seed treatment. However, among a wide range of drugs, only a few can be classified as highly effective.

There is a well-known preparation Bunker, which is intended for presowing treatment of barley and wheat seeds (“List of pesticides: agrochemicals approved for use in Ukraine”, official publication, 2010, p. 170). The specified preparation in the form of a water-suspension concentrate includes tebuconazole in an amount of 60 g / l and is effective against some pathogens of plant diseases, in particular volatile and solid smut and mold. However, its disadvantage is that it has a fairly narrow range of phytopathogens that can be controlled.

In the patent of Ukraine No. 102928 (ZAO Avgust, 08.28.2013, Bull. No. 13) a fungicidal mixture is described comprising prochlorase (compound I) or its complex salt, compound (II) selected from ciproconazole or tebuconazole as components compound (III), which is thiabendazole, and the mass ratio (in terms of prochlorase) of compound (I) and compound (II) is from 1:25 to 25: 1 and the mass ratio (in terms of prochlorase) of compound (I) and compound (III) is from 1:25 to 25: 1. This fungicidal mixture is selected as a prototype of the claimed invention. The specified drug is used for the treatment of wheat and barley. It allows you to prevent the development of many fungal diseases (root rot, Fusarium etiology, leaf spot and brown rust) of these crops by seed treatment. However, this drug creates a high toxic load on the plants of the treated crops, is undesirable in terms of selectivity.

The objective of the invention is the selection of the components of the drug, which will provide a wide spectrum of action of the fungicidal composition and high selectivity for the treated crops.

This problem is solved by creating a fungicidal composition for pre-sowing treatment of wheat seeds in the form of suspoemulsion, which contains the active components tebuconazole, prochloraz and kresoxim-methyl, as well as auxiliary components in the following ratio of components, g / l:

Cool 200-400 Tebuconazole 10-60 Kresoxim-methyl 10-60 Auxiliary components up to 1 l

The claimed fungicidal composition for treating wheat seeds contains a combination of active compounds of tebuconazole, prochlorase and kresoxim-methyl, which in combination provide a wide spectrum of the composition having a synergistic effect against pathogens of winter wheat diseases. The combination of three active compounds with a fundamentally different mechanism of fungicidal action prevents resistance in pathogens. The claimed composition provides a wide range of biological efficacy relative to root rot pathogens, is highly effective against smut diseases and has high selectivity for crops.

In particular, tebuconazole is a systemic fungicide that has protective properties against a number of fungal diseases of plants. It is effective against rust-causing fungi (Puccinia spp.), Powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis), rhinchosporiasis (Rhynchosporium secalis), various types of Septoria (Septoria spp.), Fusarium (Fusarium spp.), Netted blotch (Drechlere red) - brown spotting (Helminthosporium avenae), fusarium spike (Fusarium graminerum), etc. The mechanism of its action is to disrupt the biosynthesis of ergosterol, which is part of the cell wall of fungi. This process leads to a violation of cell division, and then to the complete death of the phytopathogen. In addition, at the initial stage of development, tebuconazole slows down the synthesis of gibberellins and acts as a growth regulator, inhibiting the process of elongation of internodes in cereals, as a result of which there is no excessive development of the aerial part, and at the same time it contributes to the intensive development of the root system.

The chemical name of tebuconazole is (RS) -1-p-chlorophenyl-4,4-dimethyl-3- (1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl) pentan-3-ol or a - [2- (4 -chlorophenyl) ethyl] - a - (1,1-dimethylethyl) -1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol. It is characterized by the structural formula:

Tebuconazole was described in patents EP 0040345, EP 0087148, EP 0072580 (based on priority applications DE 19803018866, 05.16.1980; DE 19813106076, 02/19/1981, the applicant Bayer AG (DE)), concerning derivatives of 1-hydroxyethylazole, method for their preparation and their use for regulating plant growth and as fungicides.

The active compound prochlorase is a compound of a locally systemic fungicidal action against a wide range of pathogens of fungal diseases (The Pesticide Msnual, 14th edition, HRV, 2006). The mechanism of action of prochlorase is based on the inhibition of sterol biosynthesis in the membranes of fungal cells, inhibiting demethylation at position 14 of lanosterol or 24 methylene dihydrolanosterol. The chemical name of prochlorase is N-propyl-N- [2- (2,4,6-trichlorophenoxy) ethyl] -1H-imidazole-1-carboxamide.

It is characterized by the structural formula:

The compound is known from patents US 3991071 and US 4080462.

Kresoxim-methyl is a synthetic fungicide that belongs to the class of strobilurins. It is effective against a wide range of fungal pathogens of fruit, feed, vegetable, industrial crops and cereals. Preparations based on kresoxime methyl are characterized by a long-lasting effect, contribute to the suppression of spore germination. The mechanism of action of kresoxim-methyl is the inhibition of mitochondrial respiration by suppressing the activity of cytochrome c-reductase.

The chemical name of kresoxim-methyl is 2-chloro-N-ethoxymethyl-6'-ethyl acetate-o-methyl (E) -methoxyimino [ a - (o-tolyloxes) -o-tolyl] acetate or methyl ( a E) - a - (methoxyimino) -2 - [(2-methylphenox) methyl] benzene acetate. The compound is described by the following structural formula:

As auxiliary substances in the composition of the composition, solvents, emulsifiers, dispersing agents are used; additional substances that help to preserve the composition can be used. The composition is used in the form of a suspoemulsion concentrate.

As studies have shown, the use of the proposed composition for dressing seeds of cereal crops, in particular wheat, helps prevent damage to plants by fungal diseases at an early stage of development. The use of this composition for seed dressing reduces the cost of processing seedlings in the early stages of development (tillering phase - exit to the tube). The specified composition in the form of a suspension emulsion concentrate is used at a flow rate of 0.5-0.6 l / t of seeds. The commercial name of the proposed fungicidal composition "Avicenna."

The composition is prepared by conventional known mixing methods using equipment that is widely used for mixing components and preparing solutions. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, 250 g of prochlorase, 50 g of tebuconazole, 50 g of kresoxime methyl, as well as emulsifying, dispersing agents were mixed and the solvent was adjusted to 1 l. As a solvent used water.

The following example is intended to illustrate and explain the proposed invention and is not limiting it. To confirm the effectiveness of the proposed fungicidal composition for seed dressing, experiments were carried out when it was used for pre-sowing treatment of winter wheat seeds at a flow rate of 10 l / t, which protected the culture from damage by phytopathogenic fungi.

Example

The studies were carried out in the field on the experimental field of the Department of Agroecology and Biosafety of the Institute of Agroecology and Environmental Management of the NAAS (Vinnytsia region, Khmelnitsky district, Bely Rukav village). Seed treatment was carried out before sowing winter wheat plants (sowing date - 10/19/2014, seedling date - 10/25/2014). In the experiments, winter wheat of the Baletka variety was used, the area of the reference plot was 25 m ² , the number of repetitions was 3. The claimed composition for seed treatment in the form of a suspension emulsion concentrate was used immediately before sowing (1 hour) at a flow rate of 0.5 and 0.6 l / t of seeds when used for processing screw protectant PNSH-5.

The proposed seed dressing composition was also compared with the Gizmo® reference preparation manufactured by Nufarm (AU) (suspension concentrate), which contains 60 g / l tebuconazole at a flow rate of 0.5 l / t seed.

The target objects were root rot (Bipolaris sorokiniana), smut solid (Tilletia caries), Septoria (Septoria trutici), snow Fusarium mold (Fusarium nivale). Disease counts, sampling and analysis were carried out according to: Methodology for testing and using pesticides / Ed. S.O. Tribel. - K .: Sweet, - 2001 .-- 448 p .; Determination of the biological effectiveness of pesticides and agrochemicals. Methodical instructions / Chabanyuk Ya.V., Sherstoboeva O.V., Tkach E.D., Bunas et al. - K., 2013 .-- 36 p .; Fundamentals of scientific research in agronomy // Moiseichenko V.F., Yeshenko V.O. - K .: Higher School, 1994 .-- 334 p. Dates of accounting for the results of the study: 05/22/2015 and 07/02/2015. The results were statistically processed according to standard methods according to B. Dospehov. (Armor B.A. Methodology of field work. - M.: Kolos, 1985, 336 p.). The biological effectiveness of the fungicidal composition for seed treatment "Avicenna" against diseases of winter wheat is presented in Table 1.

As can be seen from Table 1, in the conditions of the Forest-Steppe, the use of the proposed composition at a flow rate of 0.5-0.6 g / t for treating winter wheat seeds before sowing contributed to a decrease in pathogens of winter wheat durum wheat (Tilletia caries) - by 39, 3-45.7%, septoria (Septoria tritici Rob. Et Desm.) - by 23.0-26.0%, root rot (Bipolaris sorokiniana Shoem) - by 27.2-27.9%, snow Fusarium mold ( Fusarium nivale Fr. Ges) - by 36.3-41.5%), respectively.

The intensity of the manifestations of diseases with the use of the drug decreased depending on the norm of the drug: smut solid (Tilletia caries) - 2.8-5.1 times, Septoria (Septoria tritici Rob. Et Desm.) - 2.2-2.9 times root rot (Bipolaris sorokiniana Shoem) - 2.2-2.5 times, snow Fusarium mold (Fusarium nivale Fr. Ges) - 2.7-4.1 times.

The effectiveness of Avicenna ™ was: Tilletia caries - 63.6-80.4%, Septoria tritici Rob. et Desm. - 53.7-66.0%, Bipolaris sorokiniana Shoem - 55.4-59.6%, Fusarium nivale Fr. Ges - 63.1-75.3% compared to control.

The experiments also determined the yield of winter wheat when using the fungicidal composition proposed according to the invention. The data are presented in Table 2.

Thus, the yield when using the proposed fungicidal composition was 39.3-40.4 kg / ha, which was 8-11% more than in the control. Other productivity indicators also increased - the mass of 1000 grains - by 9.9 - 16%. In addition, the protein content in seeds increased (13.7–13.9%) and gluten and flour strength indicators that determine the quality of grain.

No phytotoxic effect of the proposed fungicidal composition on wheat plants was revealed. A pronounced physiological effect was noted as a result of seed treatment with the indicated preparation, consisting in increasing the mass and length of the root system and improving the initial growth of winter wheat plants. Thus, the claimed composition is promising for the use of winter wheat and protects crops from a wide range of phytopathogenic microorganisms in the early stages of development, which subsequently manifests itself in increasing crop yields and improving grain quality.

Claims (3)

1. Fungicidal composition of presowing treatment of wheat seeds, including both active ingredients tebuconazole and prochlorase, as well as auxiliary components, which differs in that it is presented in the form of a must emulsion and additionally includes kresoxim-methyl as an active component in the following ratio of components, g / l : Cool 200-400 Tebuconazole 10-60 Kresoxim-methyl 10-60 Auxiliary components up to 1 l 2. The composition according to p. 1, characterized in that the consumption rate is 0.5-0.6 l / t of seeds.