EA016114B1 - System of fastening of rails on sleepers by resilient clips - Google Patents

Abstract

Fastening of rails on wooden or concrete sleepers by a metal pressure plate - clip (1.5) in the form of a trapezoid and a plastic tie-plate (1.4). The metal pressure plate - clip and the plastic tie-plate constitute an entirety, provides a continuous pressure along its entire edge (2.1). The edge leaning on the rail base is formed in the way to enable a smooth gliding along the rail base during pulling on, preventing unnecessary resistance and damage. The other, narrower side of the pressure plate is formed in the way that it has a fixation edge at its end (3.2), preventing any shifting, The plastic tie-plate has a fixation groove at its outer end (4.2) in which the narrower, outer end of the pressure plate enters. The groove is formed in the way that it forms a firm connection with the outer end of the metal pressure plate - clip, so that taking out of the pressure plate is not possible. The tie-plate also contains a bigger groove (4.4), which allows deformation of the pressure plate during dismounting.

Description

The invention relates to a system for attaching rails to sleepers using elastic terminals. In accordance with the International Patent Classification, the invention relates to the field designated as EB01 9/28.

2. The technical problem

Fastening rails to sleepers is a very long, difficult and demanding job, which requires the involvement of a large number of workers or the use of highly specialized equipment. In practice, the fastening of the rails to the sleepers is carried out directly at the installation site, where fastening with travel screws requires a lot of time, and the quality and strength of the connection obtained is difficult to verify. In addition to the need to install a large number of screws, there is a high probability that some screws will remain loose or not fastened, which together with the vibration caused by the passage of trains can eventually unscrew the other screws and weaken the clamping force acting on the rail and, thus , to weakening the entire connection between the sleepers and the rail. Such a weakening of the connection between the sleepers and the rail poses a great potential risk from the point of view of railway safety. It is almost unacceptable or impossible to check the connection and make sure that the terminal exerts a predetermined pressure on the rail.

Rails fastened to sleepers using the classic fastening system are not protected from vandalism or unauthorized dismantling, which, given the present danger of terrorism, cannot be neglected. In systems currently known and used, everyone with relatively simple tools can dismantle the rail, making rail traffic unsafe.

On the other hand, the dismantling itself is carried out very slowly, since each terminal must be dismantled separately, which requires a lot of time, attracting a large number of workers and the use of specialized equipment, leading to an increase in cost.

3. The current level of technology

The solution to the problem, including a system that provides uniform and proper fastening of rails to sleepers, was carried out in the past in several ways. One method known as the Pandrol system involves fastening with terminals made of spiral-shaped round spring steel as described in application OV 1510244. To attach the rail to the rail, you must insert the end of each terminal into the hole so that one end of the terminal entered the hole, and the other end put pressure on the rail. One of the drawbacks of this system is the time it takes to install such terminals, given the fact that workers have to insert each terminal individually.

Another drawback of such a system is the fact that the terminal exerts pressure on the rail at only one point, therefore, over time, as well as as a result of heavy loads and vibration, the terminal is deformed at this point, losing its clamping force. The disadvantages of this system are also manifested when using an insulating material between the terminal and the rail, which can become thinner and even deteriorate over time. It is almost impossible to control every terminal used on the way. For these reasons, the dismantling and installation processes are very slow and inconvenient.

Another system, known as the 8Kb system, is described in I8 patent 5096119 and also uses spring steel of circular cross section. The system includes a terminal made of round spring steel, curved in the form of a modified M, and a lining. The connection between the rail and the tie is achieved by screwing the travel screws into the tie through the terminal and the lining. One part of the terminal exerts pressure on the pad lying on the rail, and the other part of the terminal exerts pressure on the rail. In this case, the terminal pressure on the rail occurs at two points, and the disadvantages of such a connection are similar to those described in the previous example.

To achieve the desired clamping force, the screw must be fully screwed to press the middle of the terminal to the lining. The disadvantage is simply that it is necessary to check whether each screw is screwed well enough to achieve the required strength and whether the screw is completely screwed, which is not very easy to implement. This fact indicates that this system is also unreliable.

As in the previous examples, installation and dismantling are very slow, since each screw must be screwed or unscrewed, which requires stops at each sleepers.

These systems do not allow pre-assembly in workshops and transportation of a fully assembled unit to the installation site, where it would be necessary to add only rails.

A terminal variant allowing uniformly transmitting force to the rail and, thus, ensuring a reliable connection is described in I8 5125573. A metal plate in the shape of a trapezoid serves as a terminal, the wider end of which lies on the railway line, ensuring uniform distribution of downforce. After installing the rail, the metal plate takes its final position. This solution allows pre-assembly. Dismantling is still a tre

- 1 016114 buoys a lot of time, since each screw must be screwed separately to allow the terminal, and ultimately the rail itself, to be removed from the base.

These systems use different methods, but none of them solves the problem in a satisfactory manner. The fact that installation and dismantling are equally time consuming is a significant drawback. Each screw must be completely unscrewed to completely free the rails from the terminals holding them together.

4. Disclosure of the invention

In accordance with the invention, the system of fastening the rails to the sleepers and their dismantling are implemented using a metal trapezoidal clamp plate-terminal and a plastic lining. The metal clamping plate-terminal and the plastic lining form a single whole, which allows for the preliminary assembly of the entire unit at the plant with the subsequent installation of the rail at the track construction site. The shape of the metal pressure plate-terminal provides continuous pressure along the entire edge, providing a strong and reliable connection. The edge resting on the rail is designed to allow smooth sliding along the base of the rail during installation and prevents unnecessary resistance and damage. The other side of the pressure plate is made in such a way as to prevent any movement after the plate has been installed and the installation is completed. The plastic lining has a groove at the outer end, which includes the narrower outer end of the pressure plate. The groove is designed so that it forms a strong connection with the outer end of the pressure plate, not allowing the pressure plate to be removed. The lining also has one larger groove, which allows you to deform the pressure plate and remove it.

The painted edge of the lining allows you to very easily and quickly visually check and determine whether all the pressure plates are correctly installed on the base of the rail, which prevents the loss of time for checking each screw or pressure plate.

5. Brief Description of the Drawings

FIG. 1. Pre-assembled mounting unit:

1.1 - sleepers;

1.2 - rail;

1.3 - the base of the rail;

1.4 - lining;

1.5 - metal pressure plate-terminal;

1.6 - track screw;

Ra - downforce.

FIG. 2. Mounting unit in assembled condition:

2.1 - the edge of the metal clamping plate-terminal;

2.2 - the painted part of the lining;

Pb is the clamping force;

PC is the force used for dismantling.

FIG. 3. Metal pressure plate-terminal:

3.1 is a cross section of a metal clamping plate-terminal;

3.2 - fixing edge;

3.3 - pressure plate;

3.4 - bending line;

3.5 - oval hole for the travel screw.

FIG. 4. Lining:

4.1 - cross section of the lining;

4.2 - fixing groove;

4.3 - fixing limiter;

4.4 - groove space for deformation of the metal pressure plate;

4.5 - hole for the travel screw;

4.6 - support for the edge of the metal pressure plate-terminal;

4.7 - tilt of the lining;

4.8 - the bearing surface of the lining and sleepers.

6. Detailed description of at least one embodiment of the invention

The system, which provides reliable and quick fastening of rails to wooden and concrete sleepers, includes two main components. The first component is a metal pressure plate (Fig. 3), or a terminal that exerts the required force on the base (Fig. 1, pos. 1.3) of the rail. The metal clamping plate-terminal (Fig. 3) has the shape of an equilateral trapezoid, the longer side (Fig. 3, pos. 2.1) of which has a bend of a certain radius, providing smooth sliding along the lining (Fig. 1, pos. 1.4), and along the base (Fig. 1, pos. 1.3) of the rail during pressure. The opposite, shorter side of the metal pressure plate-terminal (Fig. 3) is also curved in the same direction as the longer side, but in such a way that its edge (Fig. 3,

- 2 016114 poses. 3.2), formed as a result of bending, is sharp or forms an angle of 90 °, respectively. This edge is intended to be in the groove (Fig. 4, pos. 4.2), made on the lining, in its final position after assembly.

The surface (Fig. 3, pos. 3.3) of the pressure that is formed after the shorter side of the metal pressure plate-terminal is bent (Fig. 3, pos. 3.1) serves as a point to which a force acting on such a surface vertically should be applied, with the purpose of pressing and installing a metal pressure plate-terminal to the base of the rail. An additional function of the pressure plate (Fig. 3, item 3.3) is the prevention of any shift of the metal pressure plate of the terminal after installation or installation, respectively. This is achieved by the fact that the surface (Fig. 3, pos. 3.3) of the pressure rests on the inner edge (Fig. 4, pos. 4.3) of the groove (Fig. 4, pos. 4.2) made on the lining (Fig. 4). The metal clamping plate-terminal (Fig. 3) has an oval hole along its central line (Fig. 3, pos. 3.5), designed to be a screw (Fig. 3, pos. 3.4). The metal clamping plate-terminal (Fig. 3) is bent along an oblique line at an obtuse angle (Fig. 3, pos. 3.4), creating elastic prestressing in the metal clamping plate to exert the required clamping force on the base (Fig. 1, pos. 1.3) rail.

The second component of the system is a plastic lining (Fig. 4), having a round hole (Fig. 4, item 4.5), designed to pass the travel screw (Fig. 1, item 1.6). The lining (Fig. 4) has a groove (Fig. 4, pos. 4.2) designed to fix or snap the metal pressure plate (Fig. 3) in its final, assembled state so that the lower edge enters into it (Fig. 3 , item 3.2) of a metal clamping plate-terminal (Fig. 3). The shape and depth of the locking groove (Fig. 4, item 4.2) are such that it makes it possible to snap. The shape of the locking groove (Fig. 4, pos. 4.2) fully corresponds to the lower edge (Fig. 3, pos. 3.2) of the metal clamping plate-terminal.

The surface (Fig. 3, pos. 3.3) of the pressure of the metal clamping plate-terminal and the surface (Fig. 4, pos. 4.3) of the locking stop, resting on each other, provide strong fixation in the final, assembled state and prevent any shift of the clamping plate and the possibility of separating the locking end (Fig. 3, pos. 3.2) from the fixing groove (Fig. 4, pos. 4.2). The lining (Fig. 4) also has a larger groove (Fig. 4, item 4.4), which is designed for inelastic deformation of the metal clamp plate-terminal, as required during the dismantling of the clamp plate.

The lining (Fig. 4) also has a surface (Fig. 4, item 4.6), on which, in a pre-assembled state, there is a metal pressure plate-terminal (Fig. 3, item 3.4). The surface height (Fig. 4, pos. 4.6) of the lining corresponds to the height of the base itself (Fig. 1, pos. 1.3) of the rail and is in contact with it, which means that these two points are on the same level.

This surface (Fig. 4, pos. 4.6) is followed by the inclined surface (Fig. 4, pos. 4.7) of the lining, located at an angle corresponding to the angle (Fig. 4, pos. 3.4) of the bend of the metal clamp plate-terminal. On the upper surface there is a surface (Figs. 2 and 4, pos. 2.2) painted in a bright color, which in the state of preliminary assembly is closed by a pressure plate (Fig. 1, pos. 1.5). After installing the pressure plate in the final position (Fig. 2, pos. 1.5), this painted surface (Fig. 2, pos. 2.2) becomes visible, indicating that the pressure plate is in the final position. Thus, using visual inspection, you can determine that the installation of the plate is completed.

7. Method of using the invention in industry or in other fields

The system described in the invention can be used in all cases of fastening rails to concrete or wooden sleepers. This system provides a high degree of automation during the installation of railway rails and their dismantling from sleepers. It is possible to use a self-propelled car with maintenance equipment or a device installed on it, which will constantly move the pressure plates to their final position.

The advantage of this system compared to existing systems is the possibility of pre-assembly, which means that the whole process, except for the installation of rails, which is carried out directly on site, can be performed in the workshop. This avoids the separate transportation of sleepers, pads and mounting clamps.

This system is applicable in all conditions and areas where the rails are attached to the sleepers and where a significant reduction in cost and time is desirable.

8. The solution of the technical problem described in the description of the invention

The solution of the technical problem in accordance with the invention is based on the design of the metal pressure plate-terminal (Fig. 3) and the plastic lining (Fig. 4) and their application in the assembly in accordance with the following description.

An assembly in a preassembled state and shown in FIG. 1, consists of a railway sleepers (Fig. 1, pos. 1.1) and a lining (Fig. 1, pos. 1.4 and Fig. 4) located on the sleepers, and a metal clamp plate-terminal (Fig. 1, pos. 1.5 and Fig. 3) is located on the lining in such a way that its wider side (Fig. 1 and 3, position 2.1) rests on the surface (Fig. 1 and 4,

- 3 016114 pos. 4.6) the lining, and the rest of the metal pressure plate-terminal is located on the upper surface (Fig. 1, item 1.4) of the lining; the outer, narrower side, together with the locking and snapping edge (Fig. 3, pos. 3.3), extends beyond the edge of the lining (Fig. 1, pos. 1.4).

The lining (Fig. 1, pos. 1.4 and Fig. 4) has in its lower part opposite to the groove intended for deformation of the metal pressure plate (Fig. 4, pos. 4.4) a corresponding protrusion (Fig. 4, pos. 4.8) going in the same direction as the groove, the surface of which is designed to rest on a similar groove made on the sleeper (pos. 4.8, Figs. 1 and 2), this means that they have one support surface (pos. 4.8 , Fig. 1 and 2) and prevent any shift between the lining (item 1.4, Fig. 1 and 2) and the sleepers (item 1.1, Fig. 1 and 2).

The formed structure, consisting of a lining (Fig. 1, pos. 1.4) and a metal clamping plate-terminal (Fig. 1, pos. 1.5), is mounted on a sleeper (Fig. 3, pos. 1.1) by screwing it into a sleeper (Fig. 1, pos. 1.1) of a travel screw (Fig. 1, pos. 1.6), which passes through an oval hole (Fig. 3, pos. 3.5) made in a metal clamping plate-terminal (Fig. 3), and then through a round a hole made in the lining (Fig. 4, item 4.5).

A track screw (Fig. 1, pos. 1.6), screwed into the sleepers in the manner described, can be fixed even in the factory, using a pre-installed and sufficient force to make the structure strong in its final assembled condition (Fig. 2) and force metal clamping plate-terminal (Fig. 1, pos. 1.5) exert the force required to press the rail base (Fig. 1, pos. 1.3) to the rail, holding the rail (Fig. 2, pos. 1.2) in the required position. In this position, the pressure plate (Fig. 3, pos. 1.5) covers the brightly painted upper surface of the lining (Fig. 2, pos. 1.4), making it invisible.

The finished design is ready for transportation to the rail mounting point to the sleepers.

After the rail is installed at the installation site (Fig. 1, pos. 1.2) in a certain position on the sleepers (Fig. 1, pos. 1.1), the final fastening of the rail on the sleepers can begin with a shift of the metal pressure plate-terminal (Fig. 1 , pos. 1.5) along the lining (Fig. 1, pos. 1.4) under the action of the force Ra (Fig. 1, pos. Ra) acting perpendicular to the surface (Fig. 3, pos. 3.3) of the pressure plate, which at the same time acts perpendicular to the rail.

The free movement of the metal clamping plate-terminal (Fig. 1, pos. 1.5) towards the action of the force Ra (Fig. 1, pos. Ra) is possible due to the oval hole (Fig. 3, pos. 3.5), the dimensions of which are sufficient to to allow free passage of the screw shaft (Fig. 1, item 1.6), but not enough to skip the screw head. The force Ra (Fig. 1, pos. Ra) acting on the surface (Fig. 3, pos. 3.3) of the metal pressure plate-terminal, the metal pressure plate-terminal is shifted towards the base (Fig. 1, pos. 1.3) of the rail until its upper sharp fixing edge (Fig. 3, pos. 3.2) on the opposite side does not fit into the fixing groove (Fig. 4, pos. 4.2) made on the lining. The shape of the locking edge made on the metal clamping plate-terminal (Fig. 3, pos. 3.2) and the depth of the groove (Fig. 4, pos. 4.2) made on the lining completely coincide, not allowing the clamping plate-clamp (Fig. 3, item 3.3) to return to the previous position.

The force Pb (Fig. 2, pos. Pb) with which the metal pressure plate-terminal in the assembled state (Fig. 2, pos. 1.5) acts with its edge (Fig. 2, pos. 2.1) on the base (Fig. 2, pos. 1.3) of the rail, is actually the force created by the traveling screw (Fig. 2, pos. 1.6), screwed into the sleeper (Fig. 2, pos. 1.1), the clamping force directed to the metal clamp plate (Fig. 1, pos. 1.5), made of spring sheet steel with elastic characteristics in such a way that in an unassembled state it is pre-bent and has a bending line and at an appropriate angle in the direction of action of the force Pb.

The process of fixing the rail on the railroad ends with the installation of a metal clamping plate-terminal (Fig. 2, pos. 1.5) in the final position in which its lower sharp fixing edge (Fig. 3, pos. 3.2) enters the fixing groove (Fig. 4, pos. 4.2), made on the lining. After the pressure plate has been installed in the final position, the surface (Figs. 2 and 4, pos. 2.2) painted with a bright color becomes visible, confirming that the metal pressure plate is in the final position and that the rail (Fig. 2, pos. . 1.2) is fixed on the sleeper (Fig. 2, pos. 1.1) by the action of a sufficient force Pb.

The rail assembled in this way is ready for traffic and no manual work is required, including mounting the rails on the sleepers at the installation site.

The removal of the rail (Fig. 2, pos. 1.2) from the sleepers (Fig. 2, pos. 1.1) is achieved by applying a force Pc (Fig. 2, pos. Pc), which acts perpendicular to the surface of the metal clamp plate-terminal (Fig. 2 , pos. 1.5), which achieves bending deformation in order to fill the groove space (Fig. 4. pos. 4.4) for deformation of the metal pressure plate-terminal.

Taking into account the fact that the wider side of the metal clamping plate of the terminal (Fig. 2, pos. 1.5), resting on the base (Fig. 2, pos. 1.3) of the rail, is fastened with a travel screw, the other side of the clamping plate having a fixing the edge (Fig. 3, pos. 3.2) comes out of the groove (Fig. 4, pos. 4.2) as a result of constant inelastic deformation created by the action

- 4 016114 the force Pe, and allows the metal pressure plate to move to the previous position in which it was in a state of preliminary assembly, acting on it with the corresponding force, in the direction opposite to the direction of the force Ra.

Thus, the shear of the deformed metal plate-terminal to the previous position, which it occupied in the state of pre-assembly, by the force acting in the direction opposite to the direction of the force Ra releases the rail. After applying this method of dismantling, there is no waste left on the tracks that would subsequently have to be collected and transported.

The system for fastening rails to sleepers using elastic terminals according to the invention includes the use of an appropriate device that can be installed on the device for repair, and the entire process of fastening rails to sleepers and removing them from sleepers can be performed quickly with a high degree of automation, cost reduction, reduction the number of workers and reducing the time required for installation and dismantling.

Claims (5)

1. The system of fastening the rails (Fig. 1, pos. 1.2) to wooden or concrete railway sleepers (Fig. 1, pos. 1.1) with elastic terminals according to the invention using the appropriate screws and track screws (Fig. 1, pos. 1.6 ), characterized in that the lining (Fig. 1, item 1.4 and Fig. 4), having a round hole (Fig. 4, item 4.5), designed to pass through it the corresponding, usually traveling, screw (Fig. 1, pos. 1.6), has on its upper surface a groove in the shape of a right-angled triangle (Fig. 4, pos. 4.2) and a groove-space for deformation and in the form of an equilateral triangle (Fig. 4, pos. 4.4), this surface is followed by the inclined surface of the lining (Fig. 4, pos. 4.7) at an angle corresponding to the angle (Fig. 3, pos. 3.4) of the bend of the metal pressure plate - terminal, which continues as a surface (Fig. 4, pos. 4.6), supporting the edge of the metal pressure plate-terminal, and on the bottom surface of the lining (Fig. 1, pos. 1.4 and Fig. 4), opposite the groove-space (Fig. 4, pos. 4.4) for deformation of the metal pressure plate in the same direction as the groove, there is a corresponding protrusion (Fig. 4, pos. 4.8), the surface of which is made in such a way that it rests on the same groove (Fig. 1, pos. 4.8 and Fig. 2), made on the sleeper, and the metal clamping plate-terminal (Fig. 1, pos. 1.5 and Fig. 3) in the form of an isosceles trapezoid, the wider side of which is bent with a certain radius (Figs. 1 and 3 , pos. 2.1), rests on the surface (Figs. 1 and 2, pos. 4.6) of the lining, while the rest of the metal clamp the plate-terminals lies on the upper surface (Fig. 1, pos. 1.4) of the lining, and its opposite, narrower side is also bent from the same side as the long one, but in such a way that its edge (Fig. 3, pos. 3.2), obtained by bending, is sharp or has an angle of 90 °, and together with the locking and snapping edge (Fig. 3, pos. 3.3) goes beyond the edge of the lining (Fig. 1, pos. 1.4), and the metal pressure terminal plate (Fig. 1, pos. 1.5 and FIG. 3) has an oval hole (Fig. 3, pos. 3.5) designed to pass through the screw (Fig. 3, pos. 3.4), and the metal plate-terminal (Fig. 3) is bent along the bend line at an obtuse angle to one side (Fig. 3, pos. 3.4), giving elastic pressure to the metal clamp plate-terminal to exert the required clamping force on the rail base (Fig. 1, pos. 1.3). 2. The system of fastening rails to wooden or concrete railway sleepers using elastic terminals according to claim 1, characterized in that the formed structure, consisting of a lining (Fig. 1, item 1.4) and a metal clamp plate-terminals (Fig. 1, pos. 1.5), attached to the railway sleepers (Fig. 3, pos. 1.1) by screwing into the sleepers (Fig. 3, pos. 1.1) a travel screw (Fig. 1, pos. 1.6) passing through the oval hole (Fig. 3 , pos. 3.5), made in the metal clamping plate-terminal (Fig. 3), and then through a round hole (Fig. 4, pos. 4.5), made in the lining, achieving a predetermined tightening force sufficient to ensure a strong connection in the assembled state (Fig. 2) and allowing the metal pressure plate to achieve the required force to press the base (Fig. 1, item 1.3) of the rail to the rail and hold the rail (Fig. . 2, item 1.2) in the required position. 3. The system of fastening rails to wooden or concrete railway sleepers using elastic terminals according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the final fastening of the rails to the sleepers is achieved by shifting the metal pressure plate-terminals (Fig. 1, item 1.5) along the lining ( Fig. 1, pos. 1.4) using the force Ra (Fig. 1, pos. Ra), which acts perpendicular to the surface (Fig. 3, pos. 3.3) of pressure and at the same time in the direction perpendicular to the rail, and free movement metal clamping plate-terminals (Fig. 1, item 1.5) in the direction of force Ra (Fig. 1, pos. Ra) is possible due to the oval hole (Fig. 3, pos. 3.5), the dimensions of which are sufficient to allow free passage of the rod of the traveling screw (Fig. 1, pos. 1.6), but not sufficient in order to allow the passage of the head of the traveling screw in such a way that the action of the force Ra (Fig. 1, pos. Ra) on the surface (Fig. 3, pos. 3.3) of the metal clamping plate-terminal - 5 016114 shifts the metal pressure plate-terminal to the base (Fig. 1, pos. 1.3) of the rail until its lower sharp locking edge (Fig. 3, pos. 3.2) on its opposite side enters the lining fixing groove (Fig. 4, pos. 4.2), as a result of which the shape of the fixing edge (Fig. 3, pos. 3.2) made on the metal clamping plate-terminal and the depth of the groove on the lining (Fig. 4, pos. 4.2) ) completely rely on each other, not allowing the pressure plate-terminal (Fig. 3, item 3.3) to return to the previous position nie. 4. The system of fastening rails to wooden or concrete railway sleepers using elastic terminals according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the force E (Fig. 2, pos. E), with which the metal clamping plate is a terminal (Fig. 2, pos. 1.5) in the assembled state acts with its edge (Fig. 2, pos. 2.1) on the base (Fig. 2, pos. 1.3) of the rail, in fact it is a force resulting from the action produced by the track screw (Fig. 2, pos. . 1.6), screwed into the sleeper (Fig. 2, pos. 1.1), the tightening force on the metal clamping plate-terminal (Fig. 1, pos. 1.5), ennuyu of spring sheet metal having resilient characteristics, such that in its unassembled state preliminarily folded along the folding line (Fig. 3, Pos. 3.4) at an appropriate angle towards forces Eh. 5. The system of fastening rails to wooden or concrete railway sleepers using elastic terminals according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the metal clamp plate of the terminal (Fig. 2, item 1.5) is installed in its final position, in which its lower sharp fixing the edge (Fig. 3, pos. 3.2) enters the fixing groove (Fig. 4, pos. 4.2), made on the lining, completes the fastening of the rail to the railroad tie, and in this position a brightly painted surface (Figs. 2 and 4, pos. 2.2) becomes visible, showing that the metal pressure plate-terminal is in its echnom position and that the rail (Fig. 2, Pos. 1.2) is fastened on the sleeper (Fig. 2, Pos. 1.1) Eh force.