EA012009B1 - Collapsible building - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention concerns a building (1-6) provided with vertical displacement means (4-5), for moving the building (1-5) between an extended position interacting with the surroundings and a sheltered position for protection, and inversely. The vertical displacement means (4-5) comprise means forming hydraulic ballast (4), for moving the building (1-5) between said extended position corresponding to a discharge of the hydraulic ballast and said sheltered position corresponding to a filling of the hydraulic ballast (4). The building (1-6) comprises service rooms (6) implanted in the natural environment and independent of the vertical displacement means (4-5).

Description

The invention relates to a building that is provided with means of vertical movement.

In this application, the term "building", depending on the context, means "fixed" or "floating structure" in accordance with the environment in which the structure is located.

Such buildings are subject to the hazards of natural disasters, such as avalanches, floods, earthquakes, cyclones, storms or other weather phenomena.

In addition, these buildings are subject to hazards from unauthorized entry and attack by unauthorized persons, the spread of pollutants or toxic substances, viruses, radioactive substances or explosions.

Given the significance of current and potential hazards, buildings no longer provide sufficient protection for people and property.

The first objective of this invention is to provide an increased degree of protection for property, equipment and people located in a building.

The second goal is to provide an increased degree of protection by creating a simple and economical design.

The subject of the invention is a building having means of vertical movement intended to transfer a building from an external position in which it is located in the surrounding space to a hidden safe position and vice versa, moreover the means of vertical movement include a means of creating hydraulic ballast serving to move the building between said external the position to which the removal of the hydraulic ballast corresponds, and the indicated latent position to which the filling is hydraulic ballast, resulting in a building being installed in the environment, with the specified external position of the building corresponding to the appearance of at least one floor of the building above the surface level of the environment, and this hidden position corresponds to moving the building below the level of the environmental surface, while the building is distinguished by what has technical facilities that are built into the environment and are independent of the means of vertical movement. According to other alternative features of the invention, when a building is erected on a land plot, said external position corresponds to being above the ground at least one floor of the building, and this hidden position corresponds to placing the building underground;

These technical rooms have spaces for placing materials that can block emergency exits and fall through these emergency exits when they are opened;

emergency exit requires a staircase, elevator, gangway, lift or other lifting means;

the specified lifting means, ladder, elevator, gangway or other lifting devices can be horizontally moved between the disconnection position from the emergency exit, in which any existing materials can be removed, and the connection position with the emergency exit to ensure the evacuation of occupants;

when a building is constructed in an aquatic environment, the specified external position corresponds to the location above the water level of at least one floor of the building, and this hidden position corresponds to the immersion of the building below the water level;

the building contains one or more fixed supports or piles that are in an aquatic environment and provide guiding action during the vertical movement of the building;

the building has an emergency exit that communicates through the airlock, at least with the internal space of the building.

A more complete understanding of the invention will be achieved in view of the following description, made in the form of a non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which FIG. 1 schematically depicts a vertical section of a proposed building constructed on a land plot, while the building is in the external position in which it is located in the surrounding space;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic vertical section of a proposed building constructed on a land plot, while the building is in a hidden, secure position;

FIG. 3 schematically depicts a perspective view with a partial section of the technical premises of the proposed building, built on a land plot;

FIG. 4 schematically depicts a vertical section of a proposed building constructed in an aquatic environment;

FIG. 5 schematically depicts a perspective view with a partial section of a part of the proposed building constructed in an aquatic environment.

FIG. 1-3, the same or functionally equivalent elements are denoted by the same item numbers.

FIG. 1, the proposed building is depicted in an external position in which it is located in the surrounding space.

- 1 012009

The proposed building contains vegetation cover, which preferably forms the roof 1.

In addition, the proposed building contains the second floor 2 and the first floor 3, made in one piece with an airtight reservoir 4, serving as ballast.

All elements 1-4 are kept in the outer position due to hydraulic pressure, which is the reservoir 5 on the bottom of the ballast 4, from which water was pumped out.

Technical premises 6 are embedded in the ground, being independent of the means 4, 5 vertical movement.

FIG. 1 on the ground floor there may be a garage that has access to the road for a car 7 or other means of transportation.

In the process of vertical movement to move from the external position to the hidden part of the building in which the ballast 4 is located, small wheels 8 located along the three edges of the tank or ballast 4 serve as guides.

FIG. 2 water from reservoir 5 is shown moved to ballast 4 to lower the building vertically. In the ballast 4 is immersed pumping means, providing pumping water and causing the building to move vertically to the external position in which it is located in the surrounding space.

In the hidden safe position depicted in FIG. 2, the vegetable roof 1 is flush with the ground, so that it completely hides the proposed building in the ground.

Car 7 is protected inside the first floor 3, while the second floor 2 protects the occupants of the proposed building.

FIG. 3 shows the technical premises 6 of the proposed building.

In the lower part of the technical premises 6, embedded in the ground, there is a space 10, designed to accommodate and store fallen stones, dirt, debris, snow or water, or other objects that cover the opening of the emergency exit 11, located in the upper part of the technical premises.

Thus, when opening the emergency exit 11, objects that can block it, fall in the vertical direction, indicated by the arrow 12, freeing the emergency exit 11.

After this opening 11 has been cleared, in the direction indicated by the arrow 14, using appropriate means, it is possible to move the lifting means, including a ladder, elevator, gangway, winch or other similar types of devices 13, to ensure the evacuation of the occupants.

The movement in the direction indicated by the arrow 14 can also be carried out backwards between the detachment position from the emergency exit, which ensures the possibility of the fall of materials blocking the emergency exit, and the position of the connection to the emergency exit providing evacuation of residents.

Thus, in a normal safe position, the lifting means 13, including the staircase, the elevator, or other types of devices, are not coordinated with the exit 11, which is closed by double doors opening inwards, as well as a sliding panel.

At level 15, which is located above space 10, designed to accommodate fallen stones or other objects, several storage tanks are provided: the first tank 16 for storing drinking water, the second tank 17 for storing rainwater, the third tank 18 for storing fuel; there may also be other tanks for waste and flush water.

Access to levels 10 and 15 is provided primarily by means of a ladder or steps 19.

On the floor above level 15, on which a staircase or elevator 13 is located, in room 20 there are electrical facilities that may contain a low-voltage generator or other sources of electricity.

Room 21 may be provided for computers and communications; In room 22, adjacent to room 23, which is an insulating compartment or an airlock, a plant for air treatment and for cleaning air and water can preferably be located.

In this embodiment, access to control devices located in rooms 2023 is easily provided by means of ladders or lifting means 13.

FIG. 4 and 5, the same or functionally equivalent elements are denoted by the same item numbers.

The guides shown in FIG. 4 and 5 of the proposed building serve one or several piles 30, for example four, providing the possibility of its vertical movement.

The proposed building is shown in the external position in which it is located in the surrounding space, and contains, for example, level 31, intended for communication with water, the second floor 32 and the third floor 33.

In the lower part of the proposed building contains a ballast 34, which can communicate with the body of water.

Below at level 31, intended for communication with the body of water, there are technical rooms. These technical premises may contain means for cleaning and disinfecting water, one or several electric generators, means for purifying air and storage tanks, which

- 2,012,009 ry similar to the tanks described with reference to FIG. 3

In the ballast 34 immersed pumping means 36, which are not shown in detail.

The lower level 31, intended for communication with the body of water, can be made adjacent to the garage for boats 37 or other types of vessels.

The proposed building preferably comprises several guide lugs 38 in which, for example, holes are made whose diameter is larger than the diameter of the respective piles 30 and which are equipped with an appropriate control system.

The proposed building preferably has an emergency exit communicating with an airlock with the interior of the building and the interior of one or more piles 30.

This invention, which is described with reference to two specific embodiments, is not limited to these options, but, on the contrary, covers any form changes and embodiments within its concept and essence.

Claims (8)

CLAIM 1. The building (1-6, 31-38), equipped with means (4-5, 34) of vertical movement, designed to move the building (1-5, 31-38) between the external position in which it is located in the surrounding space, and a hidden safe position and vice versa and containing hydraulic means (4, 34) for creating ballast for moving the building (1-5, 31-38) between the indicated external position corresponding to the pumping out of the hydraulic ballast and the indicated hidden position corresponding to the filling with a hydraulic ballast (4 , 34), while the building (1-6, 31-38) but in a natural environment, and the indicated external position of the building (1-6, 31-38) corresponds to the placement above the level of this environment of at least one floor (2 or 3, 32 or 33) of the building (1-6, 31-38), and the specified hidden position corresponds to the care of the building (1-6, 31-38) below the level of the specified environment, characterized in that it contains technical rooms (6) that are built into the natural environment and are independent of the means of vertical movement. 2. The building according to claim 1, equipped with vertical moving means designed to move the building between the external position and the hidden position, characterized in that it is built on a land plot, while the specified external position of the building (1-5) corresponds to the location above ground at least one floor (2 or 3) of the building (1-5), and the indicated hidden position corresponds to the building (1-5) going underground. 3. The building according to claim 1 or 2, in which the indicated technical rooms (6) have a space (10) for placing materials that can clutter up the emergency exit (11) and which fall through this emergency exit (11) when it is opened. 4. The building according to claim 3, in which the emergency exit (11) is connected with a staircase, elevator, ladder, elevator or other lifting means (13). 5. The building according to claim 4, in which the said lifting means (13) - a ladder, elevator, gangway or other lifting devices, is made with the possibility of horizontal movement (14) between the release position of the emergency exit (11), which provides the possibility of ejection of any objects present, and the position of the connection to the emergency exit (11), which provides the possibility of evacuation of residents (1-6). 6. A building equipped with vertical movement means designed to move the building between an external position and a hidden position, and constructed in an aquatic environment, wherein the indicated external position of the building corresponds to the location of at least one floor (32, 33) of the building above the water level, and the indicated hidden position corresponds to the plunge of the building below the water level. 7. The building according to claim 6, which contains one or more stationary supports or piles (30), which are installed in the aquatic environment and provide a guiding effect during the vertical movement of the building. 8. The building according to claim 6 or 7, which contains an emergency exit, communicating via an airlock at least with the interior of the building.