DK167432B1

DK167432B1 - TRAILER COVER FOR AUTOMOBILES, ISRAEL FOR PERSONAL CARS

Info

Publication number: DK167432B1
Application number: DK294188A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Hans Riehle
Original assignee: Oris Metallbau Kg Riehle H
Priority date: 1987-06-03
Filing date: 1988-05-30
Publication date: 1993-11-01
Also published as: SE8802067D0; SE466995B; BE1001407A4; FR2616111B1; NL191982C; IT1219631B; GB2205291B; IT8848036A0; DE3718552A1; DK294188D0; GB8813046D0; CH675859A5; DK294188A; DE3718552C2; NO165228B; NL8801138A; NO882402D0; GB2205291A; SE8802067L; FR2616111A1

Description

Ulv ΙΌ/ΗΟ^ D IWolf ΙΌ / ΗΟ ^ D I

Opfindelsen angår et anhængertræk til automobiler, især personauto-mobiler, og i det væsentlige bestående af en ved automobilets bageste ende fast anbragt optagelsesdel, og en med en koblingskugle forsynet kuglehals, der kan fastgøres løsbart i optagelsesdelen, og 5 med sin modsat koblingskuglen beliggende kugleformede ende indgriber i et cylindrisk afsnit i optagelsesdelen og med mod siderne udragende tappe er optaget formsluttende i halvrunde udsparinger i optagelsesdelen og er forsynet med midler, ved hjælp af hvilke kuglehalsen ved indsætningen i optagelsesdelen automatisk fastspæn-10 des i optagelsesdelen, idet tappene trykkes i retningen mod deres optagel sesudsparinger.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to a towbar for automobiles, in particular passenger cars, and consisting essentially of a mounting member fixed at the rear end of the automobile and a ball neck provided with a coupling ball which can be detachably fastened to the receiving part and 5 with its opposite coupling ball. end engages in a cylindrical portion of the receptacle portion and with the side projecting pins are accommodated in semi-circular recesses in the receptacle portion and are provided with means by which the ball neck is automatically clamped in the receptacle portion upon insertion into the receptacle portion as the pins are pressed in the direction. against their uptake savings.

Fra det tyske offentliggørelsesskrift nr. 32 24 014 kendes et anhængertræk af denne art, ved hvilket den automatiske fastspænding 15 af kuglehalsen under indsætningen i den fast på køretøjet anbragte optagelsesdel sker ved hjælp af et spændesystem, der består af en i kuglehalsen lejret, fjederbelastet stødstang, af ledarme, af en drejelig knast og af en til optagelsesdelen fastgjort udløserstift. Formålet med opfindelsen er at angive et spændesystem, der er 20 billigt at fremstille, og ved hvilket alle dele udelukkende sidder i eller på kuglehalsen, og som, når kuglehalsen skal udtages af optagelsesdelen, kan betjenes med kun én hånd.From German Publication No. 32 24 014, a towbar of this kind is known in which the automatic clamping 15 of the ball neck during insertion into the fixed part of the vehicle is carried out by means of a tensioning system consisting of a spring-loaded shock absorber mounted in the ball neck. , of articulated arms, of a swivel cam and of a release pin attached to the receiving member. The object of the invention is to provide a tensioning system which is inexpensive to manufacture and in which all parts are exclusively in or on the ball neck and which, when the ball neck is to be removed by the pick-up part, can be operated with only one hand.

Denne opgave løses ifølge opfindelsen ved, at midlerne til automa-25 tisk fastspænding af kuglehalsen består af en i kuglehalsen lejret låsebolt, der under påvirkning af trykfjedre ligger an i spændesti 1 ling mod en påløbsskråflade i optagelsesdelen, samt af en i kuglehalsen lejret udløserstift, der er belastet af en trykfjeder, og ved løsnet kuglehals fastholder låsebolten i en tilbagetrukken 30 stilling, og ved indsætningen af kuglehalsen i optagelsesdelen glider på en skråflade i optagelsesdelen eller støder mod denne og derved frigiver låsebolten, således at denne kan bevæge sig til spændesti 11 ingen.This task is solved according to the invention in that the means for automatic clamping of the ball neck consists of a locking bolt, which is mounted in the ball neck, which, under the influence of compression springs, engages a tensioning bolt against an inlet inclined surface in the receiving part, as well as a ball bearing, which is mounted in the ball neck, which is loaded by a compression spring and in the case of loosened ball neck retains the locking bolt in a retracted position, and when inserting the ball neck in the receiving part slides on an inclined surface of the receiving part or abuts it, thereby releasing the locking bolt 11 none.

35 Låsebolten og udløserstiften kan fordelagtigt stå i samvirkende forbindelse med hinanden ved hjælp af en kugle, der af udløser stiften trykkes ind foran et bryst på låsebolten, når denne befinder sig i sin tilbagetrukne stilling, og ved tilbageskudt stilling af udløserstiften trykkes ind i et til denne stilling svarende, med en 2 mindre diameter udformet afsnit af udløserstiften ved hjælp af låsebolten.Advantageously, the locking pin and release pin may interact with one another by means of a ball which, by releasing the pin, is pressed in front of a chest of the locking bolt when in its retracted position and in a retracted position of the trigger pin this position is similar, with a 2-smaller diameter section of the trigger pin using the locking bolt.

Til tilbagetrækning af låsebolten kan anhængertrækket have et 5 tandhjul, der kan betjenes ved hjælp af et håndhjul eller et håndtag, og som indgriber med en tandstang på låsebolten.For retracting the locking bolt, the towbar may have a 5 sprocket, which can be operated by a handwheel or handle, and which engages with a rack on the locking bolt.

Håndhjulet eller håndtaget og tandhjulet kan være anbragt på en aksel, der er lejret forskydeligt i dets længderetning på tværs af 10 låsebolten på en sådan måde, at den fra en stilling, i hvilken den er formsluttende sammenlåst med låsebolten kan forskydes mod en trykfjeders kraft til en anden stilling, i hvilken sammenlåsningen er ophævet, men tandhjulets tænder endnu ikke er i indgreb med tandstangen, og at dette tandindgreb opnås ved en tredje stilling af 15 akslen.The handwheel or handle and sprocket may be mounted on a shaft that is slidably displaced transversely in its longitudinal direction across the locking bolt in such a way that it can be displaced from a position in which it is formally interlocked with the locking bolt against the force of a compression spring. a second position in which the interlocking is lifted, but the teeth of the gear are not yet engaged with the rack, and this tooth engagement is achieved by a third position of the shaft.

Akslen kan fordelagtigt med sin modsat håndhjulet eller håndtaget beliggende ende rage ud fra kuglehalsen, når akslens sammenlåsning med låsebolten er ophævet, således at en visuel kontrol af låsetil-20 standen er mulig.Advantageously, with its opposite handwheel or handle, the shaft may protrude from the ball neck when the shaft interlocking with the locking bolt is lifted so that a visual check of the locking condition is possible.

Dersom tappene på kuglehalsen ifølge yderligere en ejendommelighed ved opfindelsen ovenfra griber ind i opad åbne optagelsesudsparinger i optagelsesdelen, kan midlerne til den automatiske sammenspænding 25 være anbragte i kuglehalsen oven over tappene. Dersom tappene på kuglehalsen nedefra griber ind i nedad åbne optagelsesudsparinger, kan sammenspændingsmidlerne i kuglehalsen ligge neden under tappene.If, according to a further feature of the invention from above, the pins on the ball neck engage in upwardly open uptake recesses in the uptake member, the means for the automatic clamping 25 may be disposed in the ball neck above the pins. If the pins on the ball neck from below engage in downwardly open recess recesses, the clamping means in the ball neck may lie below the pins.

Låsebolten og udløserstiften kan være anbragte parallelt med hinan-30 den. Endvidere kan kuglehalsen være forsynet med en tværboring, der dels i forbindelse med tappene kan tjene som optagelse for bearbejdningen, og dels er egnet til at kuglehalsen efter aftagning kan fikseres ved hjælp af en skrue, f.eks. i køretøjets bagagerum.The locking pin and release pin may be positioned parallel to each other. Furthermore, the ball neck may be provided with a cross bore which, in conjunction with the pins, may serve as a receptacle for machining, and partly suitable for the ball neck to be fixed by means of a screw, e.g. in the trunk of the vehicle.

35 På tegningen er et udførelseseksempel for anhængertrækket ifølge opfindelsen anskuel iggjort. På tegningen viser:35 In the drawing, an embodiment of the towbar according to the invention is illustrated. In the drawing:

Fig. 1 et sidebillede, delvis i snit, af en i en optagelsesdel indsat kuglehals,FIG. 1 is a side view, partly in section, of a ball neck inserted in a recording member,

Ulv ti IWolf to I

3 fig. 2 et snit efter linien II-II i fig. 1 af det i fig. 1 viste anhængertræk, fig. 3 et snit gennem den aftagne kuglehals, og 5 fig. 4, 5 og 6 snit gennem kuglehalsen efter linien IV-IV i fig. 3.3 FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1 of the FIG. 1 shows the towing feature, FIG. 3 shows a section through the removed ball neck, and FIG. 4, 5 and 6 section through the ball neck along the line IV-IV of FIG. Third

I fig. 1 og 2 er en optagelsesdel 2, der løsbart optager en kuglehals 3 med en koblingskugle 4 eksempelvis fastgjort til en tværdra-10 ger 1 ved bagenden af et personautomobil. Kuglehalsen 3 er ved sin ende forsynet med et kugleformet område 5, med hvilket kuglehalsen nedefra er skudt ind i en cylindrisk udsparing 6 i optagelsesdelen 2. Kuglehalsen 3 har endvidere to mod siderne udragende tappe 7, der i nedad åbne, halvrunde udsparinger 8 nedefra ligger an mod opta-15 gelsesdelen 2. Ved den viste stilling af kuglehalsen 3 fastholdes denne i optagelsesdelen 2 ved hjælp af et spændesystem, der er anbragt i kuglehalsen. Spændesystemet består i det væsentlige af en låsebolt 9, der er anbragt i en boring 10, og ved hjælp af trykfjedre 11 trykkes med en konisk ende 12 mod en påløbsskråflade 13 i 20 optagelsesdelen 2. En cylindrisk stift 14 tjener til sikring af låsebolten 9 mod drejning i boringen 10. Låsebolten 9 har ved sin bageste ende en som tandstang 15 udformet fortanding. I fig. 2 ses, at der i en boring 16 i kuglehalsen 3 er anbragt en med låsebolten 9 parallel udløserstift 17, der er belastet af en fjeder 18's kraft, 25 men mod denne fjederkraft fastholdes ved hjælp af en kugle 19, der ligger i en boring 20 mellem låsebolten 9 og udløserstiften 17 og indgriber i et med mindre diameter udformet afsnit 21 af udløserstiften. Kuglen 19 fastholdes i denne stilling ved hjælp af låsebolten 9.In FIG. 1 and 2 is a take-up part 2 which removably accommodates a ball neck 3 with a coupling ball 4, for example, attached to a transverse carrier 10 at the rear of a passenger car. The ball neck 3 is provided at its end with a spherical region 5 with which the ball neck is projected from below into a cylindrical recess 6 in the receiving part 2. The ball neck 3 also has two side projecting pins 7 which lie in downwardly open, semi-circular recesses 8 from below. abutting the mounting member 2. At the position shown by the ball neck 3, it is held in the mounting member 2 by means of a tensioning system arranged in the ball neck. The clamping system consists essentially of a locking bolt 9 arranged in a bore 10 and, by means of compression springs 11, is pressed with a tapered end 12 against an inlet bevel 13 in the receiving part 2. A cylindrical pin 14 serves to secure the locking bolt 9 against turning in the bore 10. The locking bolt 9 has a toothed tooth 15 at its rear end. In FIG. 2 it is seen that in a bore 16 in the ball neck 3 a release pin 17 parallel to the locking bolt 17 is loaded, which is loaded by the force of a spring 18, but is held against this spring force by a ball 19 which lies in a bore 20 between the locking pin 9 and the trigger pin 17 and engages in a smaller diameter section 21 of the trigger pin. The ball 19 is held in this position by the locking bolt 9.

3030

Oven over låsebolten 9 og på tværs af denne er der i en boring 22 i kuglehalsen 3 lejret en aksel 23, der ved hjælp af et håndtag 24 både kan drejes og forskydes i akseretningen mod en fjeder 25's kraft. Akslen 23 er forsynet med et tandhjul 26 og har ved den 35 modsat håndtaget 24 beliggende ende en stempel formet del 27 med større diameter. Den frie ende af akslen har et afrundet hoved 28. I kuglehalsen 3 er der endvidere udformet en tværboring 29,, ved hjælp af hvilken den aftagne kuglehals kan fastgøres under opbevaring. Endvidere tjener denne tværboring i forbindelse med tappene 7 som 4 optagelse ved bearbejdning af kuglehalsen. Den forreste ende af udløserstiften 17 er lejret i en bøsning 30, og den forreste ende af låsebolten 9 er lejret i en bøsning 31 med en bag denne anbragt anslagsbeskyttelsesring 32. Bøsningerne 30,31 fikseres ved hjælp af 5 en fælles cylindrisk stift 33 (fig. 1).Above and above the locking bolt 9 a shaft 23 is mounted in a bore 22 in the ball neck 3 which can be rotated and displaced in the axial direction against the force of a spring 25 by means of a handle 24. The shaft 23 is provided with a sprocket 26 and has at the end opposite the handle 24 a piston shaped portion 27 of larger diameter. The free end of the shaft has a rounded head 28. In the ball neck 3, a cross bore 29 is also formed, by means of which the removed ball neck can be secured during storage. Furthermore, this cross bore, in connection with the pins 7, serves as 4 uptake in machining the ball neck. The front end of the trigger pin 17 is housed in a bushing 30 and the front end of the locking pin 9 is housed in a bushing 31 with a stop guard ring 32 disposed therein. The bushings 30, 31 are fixed by means of a common cylindrical pin 33 (FIG. 1).

Når kuglehalsen 3 er indsat i optagelsesdelen 2, indtager alle delene den i fig. 1 og 2 viste stilling, hvor akslen 23's stempelformede del 27 indgriber i en udsparing 34 i låsebolten 9. Ved 10 frigørelse af kuglehalsen trykkes akslen 23 så langt ind i kuglehalsen, at tandhjulet 26 indgriber med låseboltens tandstang 15. Ved en drejning på 90* af håndtaget 24 trækkes låsebolten mod fjedrene ll's kraft derefter så langt tilbage, at låsebolten går fri af optagelsesdelen 2. I denne stilling falder kuglehalsen ud af opta-15 gelsesdelen 2, og i dette øjeblik trykker fjederen 18 udløserstiften 17 ud af kuglehalsen, således at kuglen 19 trykkes ind foran et bryst 35 på låsebolten. Ved hjælp af fjederen 25 ophæves tandindgrebet mellem tandstangen 15 og tandhjulet 26. Akslen 23's hoved 28 rager ud fra omkredsen af kuglehalsen. Alle dele indtager den i fig. 20 3 viste stilling.When the ball neck 3 is inserted into the receiving member 2, all of the parts occupy the one shown in FIG. 1 and 2, in which the piston-shaped part 27 of the shaft 23 engages in a recess 34 in the locking bolt 9. Upon release of the ball neck, the shaft 23 is pushed so far into the ball neck that the sprocket 26 engages with the locking pin 15. At a rotation of 90 * of the handle 24, the locking bolt is then pulled against the force of the springs 11 so far back that the locking bolt is released from the receiving member 2. In this position, the ball neck falls out of the receiving member 2, and at this moment the spring 18 pushes the release pin 17 out of the ball neck. The ball 19 is pressed in front of a chest 35 on the locking bolt. By means of the spring 25, the tooth engagement between the rack 15 and the sprocket 26. is disengaged. The head 28 of the shaft 23 protrudes from the circumference of the ball neck. All parts occupy the one shown in FIG. 20 3.

iin

Ved indsætningen af kuglehalsen 3 i optagelsesdelen 2 støder udløserstiften 17 mod optagelsesdelen 2. Udløserdelen skydes tilbage, og den ved hjælp af fjedrene 11 fremskudte låsebolt skyder kuglen 19 25 ind i det indsnævrede afsnit 21 af udløserstiften og lægger sig i spændestilling an mod påløbsskråfladen 13, hvorunder den stempel-formede del 27 på akslen 23 sikrende indgriber i udsparingen 34 i låsebolten 9. Akslen 23's hoved 28 forsvinder ind i kuglehalsen som tegn på, at sammenspændingen er opnået.Upon insertion of the ball neck 3 into the receptacle portion 2, the trigger pin 17 abuts the receptacle portion 2. The trigger portion is pushed back and the locking bolt advanced by the springs 11 pushes the ball 19 25 into the narrowed portion 21 of the trigger pin and engages in the tensioning face 13. under which the piston-shaped portion 27 of the shaft 23 securely engages in the recess 34 of the locking bolt 9. The shaft 28 of the shaft 23 disappears into the ball neck as a sign that the tightening has been achieved.

3030

Akslen 23's enkelte stillinger ses i fig. 4-6. Den i fig. 4 viste stilling svarer til stillingen i fig. 2. Fortandingen er ude af indgreb, delen 27 griber ind i udsparingen 24 på låsebolten 9. Fig. 5 viser stillingen ifølge fig. 3 med frigjort kuglehals, og fig. 6 35 viser fortandingsindgrebet ved tilbagetrækning af låsebolten 9. For låsebolten 9 og udløserstiften 17 kan der alt efter konstruktionen udformes passende påløbsskråflader i optagelsesdelen. Det er også muligt at anbringe udløserstiften på tværs af låsebolten 9.The individual positions of the shaft 23 are shown in FIG. 4-6. The FIG. 4 corresponds to the position of FIG. 2. The toothing is out of engagement, the part 27 engages in the recess 24 on the locking bolt 9. FIG. 5 shows the position of FIG. 3 with detached ball neck, and FIG. 6 35 shows the tooth engagement by retracting the locking bolt 9. For the locking bolt 9 and the release pin 17, depending on the construction, suitable mounting slant surfaces can be formed in the receiving part. It is also possible to place the trigger pin across the locking bolt 9.

5 I tilfælde af en udformning, hvor tappene 7 på kuglehalsen 3 ovenfra hægtes ind i optagelsesudsparingerne i optagelsesdelen, anbringes spændesystemet i kuglehalsen oven over tappene på en sådan måde, at låsetappen ovenfra trykker tappene ned i optagelsesåbningerne.In the case of a design in which the pins 7 on the ball neck 3 are connected from above into the uptake recesses in the upturn part, the clamping system is placed in the ball neck above the pins in such a way that the locking pin from above pushes the pins down into the uptake openings.

5 10 15 20 25 30 355 10 15 20 25 30 35

Claims

1. Towbar for automobiles, in particular for passenger cars, and consisting essentially of a mounting member located at the rear end of the automobile and a ball neck provided with a coupling ball which can be detachably fastened into the receiving part and engaging with its opposite coupling ball a cylindrical portion of the receiving portion and with the side projecting pins is formed molded in semi-circular recesses in the receiving portion and is provided with means by which, when inserted into the receiving portion, the ball neck is automatically clamped in the receiving portion, the pins being pressed in the direction of their receiving cutout; the means for automatically clamping the ball neck (3) consists of a locking bolt (9) mounted in the ball neck (9) which, under the influence of compression springs (11), engages in a tensioning position against an actuating bevel surface (13) in the receiving part (2) as well as a also loaded in the ball-neck trigger pin which is loaded by a compression spring (18) and at released ball neck, the locking pin retains in a retracted position, and upon insertion of the ball neck into the receiving member slides on an inclined surface of the receiving member or abuts it, thereby releasing the locking bolt so that it can move to its tensioning position. .

Trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking bolt (9) and the trigger pin (17) are in cooperative communication with one another by means of a ball (19) which is pressed in by the trigger pin (17) in front of a chest (35). on the locking bolt (9) when it is in its retracted position and which ball is pushed into the 30 position by a backward position of the trigger pin (17) corresponding to a smaller diameter corresponding to a smaller diameter (21) of the trigger pin (17). using the locking bolt (9).

Towbar according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it has a pinion (26) for retracting the locking bolt (3), which can be operated by a handwheel or handle (24) and engages with a toothed rod (15). ) on the locking bolt (3).

Towbar according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the handwheel or handle (24) and the sprocket (26) are arranged on a 7 shaft (23) which is slidably longitudinally transverse to the locking bolt (3) on a in such a way that from a position in which it is formally interlocked with the locking bolt (3) it can. is displaced against a compression spring (25) to a second position in which the interlocking is lifted, but the teeth of the sprocket (26) are not yet engaged with the rack (15) and this tooth engagement is obtained at a third position of the shaft (23) .

Towbar according to claims 1-4, characterized in that the shaft (23) with its end opposite the hand wheel or handle (24) protrudes from the ball neck (3) when the locking of the shaft (23) with the locking bolt (9) is removed. .

Towbar according to claims 1-5, wherein the part of the ball neck (3) inserted in the receiving part (2) extends vertically, characterized in that the pins (7) on the ball neck (3) from above engage in upwardly open uptake recesses (8) in the receiving member (2) and the means for the automatic clamping are placed in the ball neck above the pins (7). 20

6 Patent claims.

Towbar according to claim 7-5, wherein the part of the ball neck inserted in the receiving part extends vertically, characterized in that the tabs (7) on the ball neck (3) from below engage in downwardly open opening recesses (8) in the receiving part (2). and that the means for the automatic clamping are placed in the ball neck below the pins (7).

Towbar according to claims 1-7, characterized in that the locking bolt (9) and the release pin (17) are arranged parallel to each other.

Towbar according to claims 1-8, characterized in that the ball neck (3) is provided with a cross bore (29). 35