DK151941B

DK151941B - PLANT FOR SEPARATION OF A PARTICULAR BOTTLES AND EASY FRACTIONS

Info

Publication number: DK151941B
Application number: DK43179A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Uwe Schmidt; Dieter Schneider
Original assignee: Alpine Ag
Priority date: 1978-03-21
Filing date: 1979-02-01
Publication date: 1988-01-18
Also published as: FI790921A; CA1114333A; AT362736B; BE874975A; CH637037A5; DE2812286C2; DK43179A; SE435902B; FI63870C; JPS5632035B2; FR2420370A1; FR2420370B1; ATA859778A; DK151941C; SE7902466L; FI63870B; DE2812286B1; JPS54131174A

Description

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Opfindelsen angår et anlæg af den i krav l's indledning angivne art. I et sådant anlæg dannes der i luftvibrationsseparatoren et i det mindste delvis eller periodisk 5 fluidiseret leje af partikler, hvori de tunge partikler efterhånden vandrer nedad og de lette opad, så de tunge og lette fraktioner kan skilles ad ved hjælp af dertil indrettede organer.The invention relates to a plant of the kind specified in the preamble of claim 1. In such a plant, at least partially or periodically, fluidized bed of particles is formed in the air vibration separator, the heavy particles gradually migrating downwards and the light upwards, so that the heavy and light fractions can be separated by means arranged therefor.

Sådanne anlæg kendes f.eks. fra DE-patentskrift nr.Such plants are known e.g. from DE patent specification no.

10 623.320 og US-patentskrift nr. 1.832.048. indretningen til separering af den fra luftvibrationsseparatoren kommende tunggodsfraktion består her af en tværstrømsvindsigte, hvori det gods, der skal separeres under frit fald, passerer en tværblæsende luftstrøm, hvorved størsteparten 15 af de lettere dele medrives, medens de specifikt tungere dele synker længere ned. Disse anlæg er imidlertid behæftet med den ulempe, at den tilsigtede separering efter massefylde kun sker, når tunggodset og letgodset har samme kornstørrelse og samme kornform. Disse forudsæt-20 ninger er dog i reglen ikke til stede, eftersom hver bestanddel i en faststofblanding har sit eget bredere eller smallere kornstørrelsesspektrum og forskellige kornformer, således at der ved disse kendte anlæg ikke kan ske en nøjagtig separering af tunggods og letgods. For at 25 kunne opnå en nøjagtig separering kræves en yderligere apparaturmæssig indsats, som forøger udgifterne tilsvarende .No. 10,623,320 and U.S. Patent No. 1,832,048. The device for separating the heavy goods fraction coming from the air vibration separator here consists of a cross-flow windscreen, in which the goods to be separated during free fall pass a cross-blowing air flow, whereby the bulk of the lighter parts are entrained, while the specifically heavier parts sink further down. However, these plants suffer from the disadvantage that the intended separation by density only occurs when the heavy and light goods have the same grain size and the same grain shape. These assumptions, however, are generally not present, since each component of a solid mixture has its own wider or narrower grain size spectrum and different cereal forms, so that in these known plants no precise separation of heavy goods and light goods can be made. In order to achieve an accurate separation, an additional apparatus effort is required which increases the cost accordingly.

Det er opfindelsens formål at anvise en sådan udformning af et anlæg af den indledningsvis angivne art, at bygge-30 omkostningerne bliver små og driften bliver forstyrrelsesfri, og således at der opnås en bedre og af kornformen uafhængig separering af tunggods og letgods.It is the object of the invention to provide such a design of a plant of the type initially specified, that the construction costs become small and the operation becomes disruption-free, and so that a better and grain-independent separation of heavy goods and light goods is obtained.

Dette opnås ifølge opfindelsen ved et anlæg, der er ejendommeligt ved den i krav 1's kendetegnende del angivne 2This is achieved according to the invention by means of a plant which is characterized by the characteristic part of claim 1

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udformning. Ved samvirkningen mellem luftvibrationsseparatoren og luftsigtebordet forbedres de enkelte indretningers egenskaber på særlig gunstig vis, således at 5 først og fremmest den tilsigtede separering derved også bliver mulig ved en meget lille andel tunggods. Med luftvibrationsseparatoren kan der opnås høje gennemgangseffekter, hvor der fremkommer en ren letgodsfraktion og en resterende tunggodsfraktion som blandingsgods af 10 tunggods og letgods. Luftsigtebordet derimod, som modtager den fra luftvibrationsseparatoren kommende tunggodsfraktion, kan indstilles til et meget rent tunggods, hvor det letgods, som endnu kan indeholde en vis tunggods-andel, bliver tilbageført til luftvibrationsseparatoren.design. By the interaction between the air vibration separator and the air sieve table, the properties of the individual devices are improved in a particularly favorable way, so that, first of all, the intended separation is thereby also possible by a very small proportion of heavy goods. With the air vibration separator, high throughput effects can be obtained, where a pure light-weight fraction and a residual heavy-weight fraction are obtained as mixture goods of 10 heavy goods and light goods. The air screen, on the other hand, which receives the heavy goods fraction coming from the air vibration separator, can be set to a very clean heavy goods, where the light goods, which may still contain a certain heavy goods share, are returned to the air vibration separator.

15 Luftsigtebordets gennemgangseffekt eller -kapacitet er ganske vist ringe, fordi det ifølge sit funktionsprincip arbejder i etkornslag, men det kan dog tilpasses optimalt efter den fra luftvibrationsseparatoren kommende, forudsat ringe mængde resterende tunggodsfraktion, således at der 20 med et forholdsvis lille samlet anlæg alt i alt kan opnås store gennemgangskapaciteter ved meget ren separation af tunggods og letgods. Som en yderligere fordel ved luftsigtebordet har det vist sig, at relativt små tunggods-stykker, der på grund af deres lille kornstørrelse føres 25 ud med letgodset på luftsigtebordet, ved højere koncentration på luftsigtebordet sammentrænges til en løs bunke og derved opfører sig som en kompakt del, dvs. bliver fraført sammen med det øvrige tunggods. Denne virkning kan med fordel udnyttes, når det på luftsigtebordet udskilte 30 letgods, der endnu indeholder noget tunggods, som nævnt på ny afgives til luftvibrationsseparatoren, hvilket fører til en forøgelse af de små tunggodsstykker i tunggods-fraktionen på luftvibrationsseparatoren og dermed til j fremme af den nævnte agglomerationsvirkning. ! 35 Eftersom luftsigtebordet er fast forbundet med den j svingende drevne sigtegodsbærer på luftvibrations- 315 The throughput effect or capacity of the air sieve table is poor because it operates according to its principle of operation in a unicorn layer, but it can be optimally adapted to that of the air vibration separator, provided a small amount of residual heavy goods fraction, so that 20 with a relatively small total plant all in everything can be achieved through a very clean separation of heavy goods and light goods. As a further advantage of the air sieve table, it has been found that relatively small heavy goods, which, due to their small grain size, are carried out with the light goods on the air sieve table, at a higher concentration on the air sieve table are contracted into a loose pile and thereby behave as a compact part, i.e. will be shipped along with the other heavy goods. This effect can be advantageously utilized when the lightweight material excreted on the air sieve table, which still contains some heavy goods, is mentioned again to the air vibration separator, which leads to an increase of the small heavy goods pieces in the heavy goods fraction on the air vibration separator and thus to promote the said agglomeration effect. ! 35 Since the air screen table is firmly connected to the swinging driven sieve load carrier on air vibration 3

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separatoren, kan et særligt drivorgan og et særligt fundament spares. Det har nemlig vist sig, at der findes et tilstrækkeligt stort område af svingningsparametre, 5 hvormed luftvibrationsseparatoren og luftsigtebordet samtidigt fungerer godt.the separator, a special drive means and a special foundation can be saved. Namely, it has been found that there is a sufficiently large range of oscillation parameters, with which the air vibration separator and the air sieve table simultaneously work well.

For at kunne påvirke fordelingen af godset over sigte-pladens bredde kan luftsigtebordet være vinkelindstilleligt lejret på den i krav 2 angivne måde. Ved den i krav 3 10 angivne udførelsesform opnås, at også sigtepladens hældning i længderetningen kan indstilles. Derved bliver der mulighed for på kendt vis at opnå en optimal separeringseffekt ved afpasning af sigtepladens hældning til det gods, der i de enkelte tilfælde skal separeres.In order to influence the distribution of the goods over the width of the sieve plate, the air sieve table can be angularly mounted in the manner specified in claim 2. In the embodiment of claim 310 it is obtained that the inclination of the sieve plate can also be adjusted longitudinally. In this way, it is possible in the known manner to obtain an optimal separation effect by adapting the inclination of the screen plate to the goods to be separated in each case.

15 Åbningerne i sigtepladen kan, som det er almindeligt, være indrettet således, at arbejdsluften strømmer vinkelret ud gennem sigtepladen. Der opnås imidlertid en bedre separationsvirkning, når åbningerne er anbragt som angivet i krav 4. Derved opnås, at tunggods og letgods fremføres i 20 modsatte retninger, således at der kan opnås en høj separeringsgrad. Sigtepladen med skråt forløbende åbninger kan være udformet som angivet i krav 5. De kendte trapez-bølgesigter findes på markedet med forskellige hulstørrelser, således at der ikke vil være nogen vanskeligheder i 25 de enkelte tilfælde ved at forsyne sigtepladen med en passende trapezbølgesigte, hvorved det også er muligt i én sigteplade samtidigt at anvende flere hulstørrelser.As usual, the openings in the sieve plate can be arranged so that the working air flows perpendicularly through the sieve plate. However, a better separation effect is obtained when the openings are arranged as defined in claim 4. This results in the fact that heavy goods and light goods are conveyed in 20 opposite directions, so that a high degree of separation can be obtained. The screening plate with sloping openings may be configured as claimed in claim 5. The known trapezoidal waveguides are available on the market with different hole sizes, so that there will be no difficulty in each case by providing the screen with a suitable trapezoidal waveguide, it is also possible to use several hole sizes in one screen at the same time.

Ved passende indstilling, muliggjort af den i krav 6 angivne udformning, af den i en jævn strøm til luft-30 sigtebordet tilførte arbejdsluftmængde kan også opnås, at separeringsvirkningen efter massefylde desuden overlejres med en sigtevirkning, hvor indstillingen i reglen sker således, at alt letgods sammen med en del af de mindste tunggodsstykker føres til letgodssiden. På denne måde 4By suitable adjustment, made possible by the design according to claim 6, the amount of working air supplied in a steady stream to the air-sieve table can also be obtained, that the separating effect after density is additionally overlaid with a sieving effect, where the adjustment is usually done so that all light goods along with some of the smallest pieces of heavy goods are carried to the light goods side. In this way 4

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opnås et helt rent tunggods. De med letgods til luftvibrationsseparatoren tilbageførte tunggodsstykker understøtter førnævnte agglomerationsvirkning for de små 5 tunggodsstykker på luftsigtebordet.a completely pure heavy goods is obtained. The heavy goods pieces returned to the air vibration separator with light weight support the aforementioned agglomeration effect for the small 5 heavy goods pieces on the air screen table.

Ved hulstørrelser, som er større end de mindste tunggodsstykker, kan det ikke undgås, at en ringe del af disse stykker falder gennem sigtepladen og ved hjælp af en dertil indrettet afgivelsesindretning må føres bort fra 10 luftsigtebordet. Denne proces kan fremmes ved at en del af den til luftsigtebordet tilførte arbejdsluft anvendes til at blæse de gennemfaldende tunggodsstykker via afgivelsesindretningen til det fri. Til dette formål kan anlægget være udformet som angivet i krav 7.With hole sizes larger than the smallest heavy goods pieces, it is not possible to prevent a small part of these pieces from falling through the screen plate and by means of a dispensing device arranged therefrom must be removed from the air screen table. This process can be facilitated by utilizing a portion of the working air supplied to the air sieve table to blow the falling heavy goods through the release device into the open. For this purpose, the plant may be designed as claimed in claim 7.

15 På grund af den i forhold til kendte luftsigteborde noget højere afgivelseshastighed for arbejdsluften fra sigte-pladen kan den i krav 8 angivne udførelsesform være hensigtsmæssig.Due to the somewhat higher discharge rate of the working air from the sieve plate relative to known air sieve tables, the embodiment of claim 8 may be suitable.

Opfindelsen vil i det følgende blive nærmere forklaret i 20 forbindelse med et udførelseseksempel og under henvisning til tegningen, hvor fig. 1 skematisk set fra siden viser et anlæg til separering af en faststofblåndings tunggods og letgods, hvor anlægget består af en luft-25 vibrationsseparator med et luftsigtebord og et tilbageføringsbånd for den fra luftsigtebordet separerede letgodsfraktion, fig. 2 det i fig. 1 viste set fra oven, fig. 3 i større målestok set fra siden det i fig.l 30 viste luftsigtebord, fig. 4 luftsigtebordet set fra venstre i fig. 3 i samme målestok, og fig. 5 sigtepladen i udsnittet A i fig. 3.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment and with reference to the drawing, in which: FIG. Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of a plant for separating the heavy and light goods of a solid-state mixture, the plant consisting of an air-vibration separator with an air screen and a return band for the light-weight fraction separated from the air screen. 2 shows the embodiment of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of the air screen table shown in FIG. 4 shows the air screen table from the left in FIG. 3 on the same scale; and FIG. 5 shows the sieve plate in section A of FIG. Third

55

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Faststofblandingen, som skal separeres, og som består af letgods med en ringe andel tunggods, tilføres doseret til en luftvibrationsseparator 1 ved et tilførselssted 2 på en 5 sigtegodsbærer 4’s perforerede bund 3. Sigtegodsbæreren 4 er udformet som ryste- eller vibrationstransportør, der understøttes af styrefjedre 5 oven over en fundamentplade 6, der også bærer en drivmotor 7 for en krumtapmekanisme 8 til drivning af sigtegodsbæreren 4.The solid mixture to be separated, consisting of light weight with a small proportion of heavy weight, is fed dosed to an air vibration separator 1 at a feed point 2 on the perforated bottom of a 5 sieve carrier 4. 5 above a base plate 6, which also carries a drive motor 7 for a crank mechanism 8 for driving the screen carrier 4.

10 Ved to forbindelser 9 til en luftkasse 10 under den perforerede bund 3 tilføres via ledninger 11 en pulserende separeringsluftstrøm til frembringelse af en periodisk fluidisering. Ved den derved frembragte separering synker tunggodset nedad, således at det øverste lag på den 15 perforerede bund 3 består af rent letgods, som ved den svingende eller rystende sigtegodsbærer 4’s fremføringsbevægelse fraføres via et overfald 12 og en afgivelsesgliderende 13. Den perforerede bund 3 har kun til opgave at tillade gennemstrømning af separeringsluften, og udøver 20 således ikke selv nogen egentlig sigtning eller sortering efter kornstørrelse.10 At two connections 9 to an air box 10 below the perforated bottom 3, via pipes 11, a pulsating separation air flow is applied to produce a periodic fluidization. In the resulting separation, the heavy goods sink downwards, so that the upper layer of the perforated base 3 consists of pure light goods which, by the swinging or shaking screen carrier 4's conveying movement, is conveyed via an overflow 12 and a release sliding 13. The perforated base 3 has only for the purpose of permitting the passage of the separating air, and thus 20 itself does not carry out any actual screening or sorting by grain size.

Tunggodset bliver ved hjælp af en på den perforerede bund 3 anbragt styreliste 14, der ligesom overfaldet 12 er anbragt forløbende skråt i forhold til sigtegodsbæreren 25 4’s fremføringsretning, ledet til en afgivelsesåbning 15 i en sidevæg 16, hvor det blandet med noget letgods afgives via en gliderende 17 til et på siden af sigtegodsbæreren 4 fastgjort luftsigtebord 18. Dette er udformet som en parallelepipedisk kasse 19 med en overliggende sigteplade 30 20, en forbindelsesstuds 21 for arbejdsluftens tilførsel og en gliderende 22 til afgivelse af tunggodset, en gliderende 23 til afgivelse af letgodset og en afgivelsesstuds 24 for det gods, der falder igennem sigtepladen 20. Luftsigtebordet 18’s længdeakse 25 forløber derved 35 parallelt med sigtegodsbæreren 4's svingbevægelsesretning 6The heavy goods are guided by means of a guide strip 14 arranged on the perforated base 3, which, like the assault 12, is arranged inclined in relation to the direction of delivery of the sieve carrier 25 4, to a delivery opening 15 in a side wall 16, where it is mixed with some light goods. sliding 17 to an air sieve table 18 attached to the side of the sieve carrier 4. This is designed as a parallelepipedic box 19 with an overlying sieve plate 30 20, a connecting rod 21 for supply of the working air and a sliding 22 for the delivery of the heavy goods, a sliding 23 for the delivery of the light goods. and a delivery nozzle 24 for the goods falling through the screen plate 20. The longitudinal axis 25 of the air screen table 18 thereby extends 35 in parallel with the swinging direction 6 of the screener carrier 4.

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26. Luftsigtebordet 18 er fastklemt i et bøjleformet holdeorgan 27 og kan efter behov indstilles om sin længdeakse 25 til indvirkning på godsets fordeling over 5 sigtepladen 20's bredde. En pil 28 og en i fig. 4 stiplet indtegnet stilling antyder denne indstillelighed. En tap 29, hvis akse 30 forløber vinkelret på længdeaksen 25, og som f.eks. ved svejsning er fastgjort til holdeorganet 27, er ført ind i en fast med sigtegodsbæreren 4 forbundet 10 bøsning 31, således at holdeorganet 27 og dermed også luftsigtebordet 18 er indstilleligt lejret om aksen 30, dvs. svingeligt i pilen 32’s retning. I fig. 3 er indstilleligheden antydet ved en stiplet tegnet stilling for luftsigtebordet. Under anlæggets drift fastholdes holde-15 organet 27 ved hjælp af ikke viste organer i den stilling, der giver en optimal separeringsvirkning.26. The air screen table 18 is clamped in a hanger-shaped retaining means 27 and can be adjusted as needed about its longitudinal axis 25 to affect the distribution of the goods over the width of the screen plate 20. An arrow 28 and one in FIG. 4 dotted inset indicates this adjustability. A pin 29 whose axis 30 extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 25 and, e.g. by welding is attached to the holding means 27, is inserted into a socket 10 connected to the sieve goods carrier 4, so that the holding means 27 and thus also the air screen table 18 are adjustably mounted about the axis 30, ie. pivoting in the direction of arrow 32. In FIG. 3, the adjustability is indicated by a dotted drawn position for the air screen table. During operation of the system, the retaining means 27 is retained by means not shown in the position which gives an optimum separation effect.

Sigtepladen 20 er fremstillet af en i handelen værende trapezbølgesigte 33, der i tværsnit har den i fig. 5 viste form. Ved udformningen og anbringelsen af sigteåbningerne 20 opnås, at arbejdsluften, som tilføres via forbindelsesstudsene 21 i en jævn strøm og i en mængde, der er indstillet med et spjæld 34, strømmer skråt ud af sigtepladen 20 i pilen 35' s retning, modsat den af svingbevægelsen for sigtegodsbæreren 4 og luftsigtebordet 18 i 25 længderetningen forårsagede fremføring af tunggodset, hvorved separeringen på luftsigtebordet 18 sker ved, at tunggods- og letgodsfraktionerne fremføres i modsatte retninger, dvs. imod venstre henholdsvis højre i fig. 1-3. Tunggodset afgives via gliderenden 22 og transporteres 30 bort via en ikke vist indretning af egnet art til den videre anvendelse.The sieve plate 20 is made of a trapezoidal waveguide 33 having a cross section having the cross section of FIG. 5. In designing and positioning the sieve openings 20, it is achieved that the working air supplied via the connecting studs 21 in a uniform flow and in an amount adjusted with a damper 34 flows obliquely out of the sieve plate 20 in the direction of the arrow 35, opposite to that of the the swinging movement of the sieve load carrier 4 and the air sieve table 18 in the longitudinal direction caused the feeding of the heavy goods, whereby the separation on the air sieve table 18 is effected by carrying the heavy goods and light goods fractions in opposite directions, ie. to the left and right respectively in FIG. 1-3. The heavy goods are delivered via the slide end 22 and transported 30 away via a device not shown of suitable type for further use.

Små tunggodsstykker eller -partikler, som er faldet gennem åbningerne i sigtepladen 20, afgives pneumatisk med en del af arbejdsluften gennem afgivelsesstudsen 24. Det frie 35 tværsnit for denne afgivelsesstuds 24 er her såledesSmall heavy goods pieces or particles which have fallen through the openings in the sieve plate 20 are pneumatically discharged with a portion of the working air through the discharge nozzle 24. The free 35 cross-section of this release nozzle 24 is thus

Claims

A system for separating heavy and light goods in a mixture of solid materials, in particular with a small proportion of heavy goods, comprising: a) a first separation device in the form of an air vibration separator (1) with a vibrating screen goods carrier (4), at one end of which the mixture of solid materials is introduced and at whose other end the heavy goods-free fraction of light goods is carried out, and b) another device for separating it from the air vibration separator according to density or specific weight. (1) as a mixture of light and heavy goods fraction of heavy goods, characterized by 25 c) an export ring (17) for the heavy goods fraction placed next to the air vibration separator (1); ) and fixed with the sieve load carrier (4) of the air vibration separator (1) connected to the air sieve table (18), which serves to separate the fraction of heavy goods coming from the air vibration separator (1), by e) the air sieve table (18) being of the type which is designed as a parallelepipedic box (19) and has DK 151941B an overhead air permeable screen plate (20) with a connection (21) for the air supply and with delivery devices (22,23,24) for heavy and light goods as well as for the goods falling through the screen plate (20), and by f) a transport device (36) for returning the light goods separated on the air screen table (18) to the air vibration separator (1).

Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the air sieve table (18) is angularly mounted around its longitudinal axis (25) in a holder (27) connected to the sieve load carrier (4).

Installation according to claim 2, characterized in that the holder 15 (27) for the air screen table (18) is angularly adjustable about an axis (30) which is fixed relative to the sieve load carrier (4) and extends perpendicular to the direction (26). ) for its vibrational motion.

System according to one or more of claims 1-3, 20, characterized in that the sieve plate (20) of the air sieve table (18) is provided with openings whose axes extend obliquely to the direction of the sieve plate and are so directed that they cause a blowout of the working air towards the direction of transport of the heavy goods on the air screen table (18). An installation according to claim 4, characterized in that the screen plate (20) of the air table (18) comprises or consists of a trapezoidal wave screen (33).

The light goods, which may, however, contain small heavy goods particles, lie via a sliding end 23 on an inclined conveyor belt 36 with which they are moved upwards and again via an overthrow 37 is delivered to the air vibration separator 1.

10 PATENT REQUIREMENTS

System according to one or more of claims 1-5, characterized in that the amount of the working air supplied through the connection (21) to the air sieve table (18) can be adjusted. DK 151941B

System according to one or more of claims 1-6, characterized in that the free cross-section of the dispensing device (24) for the goods falling down through the sieve plate (18) of the air screen (20) can be adjusted.

System according to one or more of claims 1-7, characterized in that a suction cap is arranged over the air screen table (18).