SU1669590A1 - Air-operated classifier of loose materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the separation of bulk material into fractions and can be used in the construction, coal, and chemical industries. The goal is to improve the quality of material separation due to its preliminary classification. The pneumatic classifier contains a separation chamber (SC) with windows located in its upper part for removal of light impurities connected to an aspiration system. Receiving hoppers for different fractions of the material are located at the bottom of the SC. In the upper part of the SC there is a loading bunker and fixture (P) 1 for distribution of the initial mixture. The loading end P 1 is located under the loading bunker, and the discharge end is made in the form of inclined planes 5 and vertical planes 6. Planes 5 are located one above the other with a gap increasing towards the discharge end. The planes 6 are arranged with a gap one relative to the other, increasing towards the discharge end. The top of the angle of inclination of the П 1 faces the pneumosupercharger with a slit nozzle mounted opposite the discharge end of П 1. The vibratory effect on the bulk material (CM) is carried out with the help of a vibrator connected to П 1. The planes 5 and 6 form channels that expand as they move CM. This contributes to more intensive movement of the SM in them without the formation of congestion at the entrance to them. The air flow from the nozzle affects the falling SM so that the particles of large fractions descend along steep trajectories into the near bunkers, and the small fractions carry away further. 4 il.

Description

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The invention relates to devices for the separation of granular material into fractions and can be used in the construction, chemical, and coal industries.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the separation of the material by its preliminary classification.

FIG. Shows a pneumatic classifier, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 — node I in FIG. one; in fig. 3 is a view A of FIG. one; in fig. 4 is a view B in FIG. one.

The pneumatic classifier of the bulk material contains the device 1 for distribution of the initial mixture,

a separation chamber 2 with a pneumatic monitor 3 having a slotted nozzle 4. inclined planes 5. fixed at the outlet of the device 1 and forming a horizontal split flow of the original mixture, and vertical planes 6 separating the device widthwise into trays Fixture 1 is designed so that the inclined planes 5 and planes 6 form channels that expand as the material moves. In the lower part of the separation chamber 2 are located the receiving bins 7 of the fractions of the treated material, and in the upper part - the windows 8 for the removal of light impurities and an aspiration system.

Air classifier works as follows.

The initial mixture of bulk material entering device 1 is divided by planes 6 into the number of streams corresponding to the number of trays. At the same time, the thickness of the layer and the density of the mixture decrease as it moves through the trays due to its expansion. The vibration effect on the material particles is differentiated in such a way that the large particles are detached from the tray surface higher than the small ones, forming fluidized beds with blurred boundaries between them, with the number of particles of a certain fraction predominating in each layer. When the material flow reaches the inclined planes 5, it passes into layers in the channels between them and when reaching the edges, it falls in the form of vertical curtains, in each of which the material fraction of the corresponding layer predominates. Making the channels wider in the course of the material. Contributes to more intensive movement of material into them without forming gaps at the entrance to them. Airflow,

created by the pneumosupercharger, leaves the nozzle 4 and acts on the falling material so that particles of large fractions, falling into the stream closer to the nozzle 4, are lowered along a steep trajectory into the near bunkers

7. And particles of small fractions are carried away further. In this case, the probability of intersection of the trajectories of particles of different fractions is reduced compared with when the initial mixture of material falls in a total flow and in

Claims (1)

The cross section has a significant size in the direction of the air stream. The invention of the pneumatic classifier bulk material, including a separation chamber with windows for removal of light impurities located in its upper part, connected to an aspiration system, receiving bins for various fractions of the material being classified, located in the lower part of the separation chamber, located in the upper part of the separation chamber, the loading hopper and the device for distributing the initial mixture, the loading end located under the feed hopper; a pneumatic blower with a slit nozzle, mounted opposite the discharge end of the device for separating the initial mixture; that, in order to improve the quality of separation of the material due to its preliminary classification, the pneumatic classifier for bulk material is equipped with a vibrator associated with a device for distributing the initial mixture, the discharge end of which is made in the form of inclined planes arranged one above the other with a gap increasing to the discharge end and vertical planes arranged with a gap one relative to another, increasing towards the discharge end of the device for distributing the initial mixture, with the apex of the angle of inclination of the device for the distribution of the initial mixture faces the pneumosupercharger. / eight Fig 1