UA17200U - Gravitational-cascade type vertical separator - Google Patents

Abstract

A gravity cascade vertical separator contains a vertical transportation channel equipped with a number of pouring shelves installed at an angle to the horizon on internal opposite walls of the transportation channel, and equipped with receivers for undersize fraction. Pouring shelves are made with openings in the form of sieve and are equipped with pans, moreover, each pouring shelf is installed below previous one on internal opposite wall of the transportation channel with possibility of changing the slope angle toward the vertical axis ? 36 DEGREE -46 DEGREE , and each pan is located at an angle ? 40 DEGREE -50 DEGREE relative to pouring shelf, in this case, the transportation channel is equipped with clearances for passage of undersize fraction on the pan in the receiver.

Description

Description of the invention

The useful model refers to the field of processing of agricultural products and can be used 2 in the separation of grain and other bulk materials.

There is a known method of sorting bulk materials by particle size in a rotating horizontal cylindrical sieve with a system of paddles fixed inside the cylinder, which ensure a stable mode of movement of the loose medium and the separate removal of particles of different sizes, while the separate removal of small and medium-sized particles is produced through the corresponding the openings of the cylinder sieve, and 70 large particles - by rising from the surface of the sieve, and the specified thickness of the layer of the loose medium in the loading zone of the cylinder sieve is set by moving the lower end of the loading-telescopic tube in height and is automatically supported by a valve that slides over the surface of the layer of loose medium, and the setting optimal trajectory of the falling flow of the loose medium is carried out by rotating the fixed blades in the direction or against the rotation of the cylinder, to change the separation angle of the layer of the loose medium | see Stalemate. Ky Mo2232650, B0781/22, op. 2004.07.201.

However, this method is complicated, requires special equipment, significant energy costs, and is not very productive.

A well-known device for cleaning grain | see stalemate. SHA Mo57958A, VO7B13/00, op. 2003.07.15). The known device works as follows: the grain mixture from the hopper by gravity, under the influence of gravitational forces, falls to the surface of the first upper deck, where the grain, after impact, thanks to the transverse and longitudinal inclination, changes in flight in the transverse and longitudinal directions and, under the action of gravitational forces, falls down to the next deck deku, where the process is repeated, and the grain moves further to the next deku. The impact process is repeated until the grain hits the lower deck and enters the corresponding receiver. In this way, the grain is divided into fractions depending on elasticity, and each fraction falls into the corresponding receiver.

The disadvantage of this device is that the grain loses its integrity upon impact, and the presence of a large number of grain receivers complicates grain cleaning.

A known bulk material separator containing a central zigzag channel and two side channels zigzag channels parallel to the central |see Stalemate. Ky Mo2237526, B0781/04, op. 2004.10.101.

Sorting grain using such a separator requires significant energy costs, and the device itself is difficult to manufacture and has a small sieving surface. Ha")

A well-known vertical separator is a conveyor that includes a vertical conveying channel and at least two rows of overflow shelves |cm. Stalemate. Ky Mo2270062, B07813/04, op. 2006.02.201. with

The shelves are installed in pairs at the same level at an angle to the horizon on the opposite inner walls of the transport channel, consecutively in height. Directly above them in the walls of the transport channel are placed vertical separating elements with screening holes, the width of which increases from top to bottom. A movable carrier element is installed in the center of the channel, which moves in the guides with the help of a rail regulating device. The separator is equipped with shelves and collections of fractions. In addition, the separator is equipped with additional guide shelves, rigidly attached to the movable supporting element and made with partitions-dividers hinged on them. At the same time, additional C 70 guide shelves are located with a gap in relation to each other, the guide shelves and the movable carrier element with the formation of upper tiers and cascades. And at the place where the mixture is fed, two limiters are installed on the walls of the transporting channel.

This vertical conveyor separator is selected as a prototype. The prototype and the claimed device have the following common features: - vertical transport channel; - - rows of overflow shelves; - and - elements with holes.

But the device according to the prototype has quite significant disadvantages: it has a small surface for sieving; aw! 20 - the complexity of the design;

The basis of the useful model is the task of creating a simple and effective device for grain separation. c The task is solved by a gravity-cascade type vertical separator containing a vertical conveying channel equipped with a number of overflow shelves installed at an angle to the horizon on the inner opposite walls of the conveying channel and equipped with receivers for the passage 29 fraction due to the fact that the overflow shelves are made with holes in the form sieves and equipped with pallets, and each overflow shelf is installed below the previous one on the inner opposite wall of the conveying channel with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination to the vertical axis o, 362-462, and each pallet is located at an angle D 409-509 relative to the overflow shelf, while the transporting the channel is equipped with gaps for passage of the passing fraction along the pallet in the receiver. 60 The proposed gravity-cascade type separator is shown in the drawing.

The gravity-cascade vertical separator contains a vertical conveying channel 1, equipped with overflow shelves 2, made with holes 3, while each overflow shelf 2 is equipped with a pallet 4. On the inner surface, the vertical conveying channel 1 has a lining 5 that protects the grain from crushing, and transport channel 1 from wear. The overflow shelves 2 are equipped with vibrators 7. Because the grain falls on the overflow shelf 2, while the small particles pass through the holes C and on the pallets 4 and through the gaps 6 are removed from the transport channel 1 in the receiver 8.

The overflow shelves are located in the conveying channel at an angle o, 362-462 to the vertical axis, and the pallets are located at an angle of VD 402-502 relative to the overflow shelves. The angle of inclination of the overburden shelves to the vertical axis depends on the culture being separated. It is not advisable to go beyond these intervals, as this will lead to a change in the grain flow rate (its decrease if the angle of inclination to the vertical axis is 42462 or its increase if the angle of inclination to the vertical axis is 4369,

The device works as follows.

Grain of wheat, barley, rye or corn flows by gravity into a vertical conveying channel, 70 is equipped with a distribution channel that evenly distributes the grain over the entire plane (not shown in the drawing for simplicity) and falls on the first overflow shelf, made with holes in the form of a sieve and located at an angle o, 362 to the vertical axis. When the grain passes over the surface of the overflow shelf, small particles fall through the holes of the sieve onto a tray located at an angle of 452 relative to the overflow shelf, along which they are directed to the receiver. Thus, the impurities contained in the grain are removed from the conveying channel 72 along the pallet, and the remaining mass of grain is directed along the surface of the overflow shelf to the next overflow shelf, where the process of separating impurities from the grain is repeated. After passing through all the overflow shelves, the remaining grain (ladder fraction) is removed from the conveying channel.

Changing the direction of movement of the grain according to the system of overflow shelves allows the grain to be redistributed - to be sorted in the moving flow and to go as quickly as possible all the way in the vertical conveying channel.

In the gravity-cascade type vertical separator, automatic cleaning of the sieves is provided due to vibrators located in special channels. If automatic cleaning of the sieves is not carried out, the separator works without electricity consumption.

For example, with the dimensions of the conveying channel 2000 mmx1200 mmx400 mm and the sieve area 1000 mmx2000 mm, corn grain was separated with an efficiency of 66.07906 without electricity consumption at a productivity of 120 Ot/hour. -at

When changing the size of the holes in the bulk shelves, this device is used for the separation of various grain crops or other loose materials.

As can be seen from the data given above, the proposed arrangement of overflow shelves and their execution with holes allows to separate grain with great productivity and efficiency. at

The use of the proposed gravity-cascade type vertical separator allows to increase the speed of grain separation by 30090 Ha». with

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention is h- Vertical separator of the gravity-cascade type, containing a vertical conveying channel, equipped with a number of overflow shelves, installed at an angle to the horizon on the inner opposite walls of the conveying channel, and equipped with receivers for the passing fraction, which is distinguished by the fact that "overfill shelves made with holes in the form of a sieve and equipped with pallets, and each overflow shelf is installed below the previous one on the inner opposite wall of the conveying channel with the possibility of changing c) the angle of inclination to the vertical axis A 362-462, and each pallet is located at an angle B 402-502 relative to overflow from" the shelf, while the conveying channel is equipped with gaps for passage of the passing fraction along the pallet in the receiver. - -I name) at 50 (42) with 60 b5