DK147306B - FORGED WITH A REALLY WALKED FORGED COVER - Google Patents
FORGED WITH A REALLY WALKED FORGED COVER Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK147306B DK147306B DK264779AA DK264779A DK147306B DK 147306 B DK147306 B DK 147306B DK 264779A A DK264779A A DK 264779AA DK 264779 A DK264779 A DK 264779A DK 147306 B DK147306 B DK 147306B
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- formwork
- forged
- riding
- support
- support columns
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
- E04G11/48—Supporting structures for shutterings or frames for floors or roofs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
- E04G11/38—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings for plane ceilings of concrete
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
- Tables And Desks Characterized By Structural Shape (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
147306147306
Opfindelsen angår en forskalling med et i det væsentlige vandret forskallingsdæk/ som understøttes af underliggerdragere eller lignende afstivninger og med på tværs af underliggerdragerne anbragte ridebomme, samt med i ingreb med ridebommene stående understøtningssøjler, 5 der ved oplagring eller ved forskalling i et rum med brystninger kan klappes op mod undersiden af forskallingen.The invention relates to a formwork having a substantially horizontal formwork deck / which is supported by undercarriers or similar stiffeners and with support beams arranged transversely of the undercarriage supports, and with supporting pillars which can be mounted on storage or when formwork in a room with bristles. fold up against the underside of the formwork.
Ved kendte forskallinger af denne art har understøtningssøjlerne sædvanligvis deres egne led. Sådanne led gør konstruktionen dyr, idet de dels skal være så kraftige, at de kan bære forskallingen og optage 10 trykkræfterne fra betonens vægt og dels skal kunne drejes uden vanskelighed. Disse led på understøtningssøjlerne befinder sig desuden neden under forskallingsdækkets afstivning, således at hele forskallingen, når understøtningssøjlerne befinder sig i indklappet stiiling, stadig har en forholdsvis stor højde og derfor optager stor plads ved 15 oplagring. Endvidere er også håndteringen af forskallingen besværlig, idet understøtningssøjlerne skal betjenes enkeltvis.In known formulations of this kind, the support columns usually have their own joints. Such joints make the construction expensive, being partly so strong that they can bear the formwork and absorb the compressive forces from the weight of the concrete and partly must be able to turn without difficulty. Furthermore, these joints on the support columns are located below the formwork deck stiffening, so that the entire formwork, when the support columns are in folded style, still has a relatively high height and therefore occupies a large space at storage. Furthermore, the handling of the formwork is also difficult, since the support columns must be operated individually.
Formålet med opfindelsen er derfor at tilvejebringe en forskalling af den indledningsvis nævnte art, ved hvilken leddenes konstruktion er forenklet og pladsbehovet ved oplagring af forskallingen med indklap-20 pede understøtningssøjler er reduceret.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a formwork of the kind mentioned initially, in which the construction of the joints is simplified and the space requirement for storage of the formwork with collapsed support columns is reduced.
Denne opgave løses ifølge opfindelsen i det væsentlige ved, at ridebommene samtidig danner drejeaksler for understøtningssøjlerne.This task is solved according to the invention essentially by the fact that the riding beams simultaneously form pivot shafts for the support columns.
Derved opnås, at drejeakslerne for understøtningssøjlerne kommer til at ligge højere, således at forskallingen, når understøtningssøjlerne er 25 klappet ind, kræver mindre plads i højden. Endvidere opnås, at de med en ridebom indgribende understøtningssøjler kan svinges synkront, idet ved betjening af den ene understøtningssøjle den næste søjle kan klappes med ind. Samtidig opnås, at nødvendigheden af særskilte led er elimineret. Desuden er også den påkrævede belastbarhed af drejefor-30 bindeiserne sikret, idet forbindelsen mellem understøtningssøjle og ridebom under alle omstændigheder er dimensioneret efter den forventede belastning.This results in that the pivot shafts of the support columns will be higher, so that the formwork, when the support columns are folded in, requires less space in height. Furthermore, it is possible that the supporting columns intervening with a riding boom can be swung synchronously, by the operation of one support column the next column can be folded in. At the same time, the need for separate joints is eliminated. In addition, the required load capacity of the pivot joints is also ensured, the connection between the support column and the riding boom being dimensioned in any case according to the expected load.
Det er endvidere hensigtsmæssigt, dersom ridebommene i det mindste ved understøtningssøjlernes lejringsområde har cirkulært tvær-35 snit og fortrinsvis er udformede som rørdragere. Derved opnås på særlig enkel måde den ønskede svingelighed af understøtningssøjlerne ved lejring af disse i rørmuffer eller rørstykker. Lejringsmufferne eller tilsvarende lejer for ridebommene kan være fastgjorte til underliggerdragerne.It is further advantageous if at least the support bars of the support columns have a circular cross-section and are preferably designed as pipe supports at least at the bearing area of the support columns. In this way, the desired pivotability of the support columns is obtained in a particularly simple manner by storing them in pipe sleeves or pieces of pipe. The bearing sleeves or similar bearings for the riding beams may be attached to the undercarriages.
147306 2147306 2
Understøtningssøjlerne kan være Jøsbart fastgjort til eller fast forbundne med ridebommene, fortrinsvis sammensvejst med disse. Ved drejning af en understøtningssøjle vil alle øvrige på samme rørdrager anbragte understøtningssøjler dreje med.The support columns may be joistably attached to or firmly connected to the riding beams, preferably welded thereto. When rotating a support column, all other support columns placed on the same pipe carrier will rotate.
5 Udformningen ifølge opfindelsen af forskallingens understøtnings konstruktion muliggør en særlig fordelagtig videreudformning, som består i, at de enkelte som rørdragere udformede ridebomme er opdelt i flere dele, der kan skydes teleskopisk ind i hinanden. Derved opnås, at forskallingens bredde kan indstilles efter ønske. I dette tilfælde har 10 ridebommene således tre forskellige funktioner, idet de dels tjener til afstivning, dels til breddeindstilling og samtidig, hvilket er væsentligt, tjener som drejeaksler for understøtningssøjlerne.The design according to the invention of the formwork of the formwork support enables a particularly advantageous further design, which consists of the individual riding beams designed as pipe bearers being divided into several parts that can be telescoped into each other. This ensures that the width of the formwork can be adjusted as desired. In this case, the riding beams thus have three different functions, serving partly for stiffening and partly for width adjustment and at the same time, which is essential, serves as pivot shafts for the supporting columns.
I det følgende beskrives opfindelsen med dens væsentlige enkeltheder nærmere under henvisning til tegningen. På tegningen viser del-15 vis skematiseret: fig, 1 et sidebillede, fig. 2 et perspektivisk billede af en forskalling, set nedefra, med understøtningssøj'lerne i funktionsstilling, og fig. 3 i mindre målestok et sidebillede af en bredere forskalling.In the following, the invention is described in detail with its essential details with reference to the drawing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a side view; FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a formwork, viewed from below, with the support columns in the operating position; and FIG. 3 on a smaller scale, a side view of a wider formwork.
20 En i sin helhed med 1 betegnet forskalling har et i funktionsstil ling vandret forskallingsdæk 2, som understøttes af et antal med hinanden parallelt forløbende underliggerdragere 3, og på tværs af underlig-gerdrage'rne 3's forløb anbragte, ligeledes med hinanden parallelle ridebomme 4, samt med disse ridebomme 4 forbundne understøtningssøjler 5.A formwork referred to in its entirety as 1 has a formwork horizontal horizontal tire 2 supported by a plurality of parallel supporting carriers 3, and arranged parallel to the course of the carrier carriers 3, also parallel to each other riding beam 4, as well as supporting columns 5 connected to these riding beams 4.
25 Ridebommene 4 danner samtidig drejeakslen for understøtningssøjlerne 5, således at disse kan drejes om ridebommene 4 i dobbeltpilretningerne Pf1, dersom de ikke er blokerede på en senere nærmere beskrevet måde.At the same time, the riding beams 4 form the pivot shaft for the support columns 5, so that they can be rotated about the riding beams 4 in the double arrow directions Pf1, if they are not blocked in a later described manner.
I den viste udførelsesform er ridebommene 4 udformede som rørdra-30 gere med cirkulært tværsnit, hvorved deres dobbeltfunktion, nemlig dels at tjene som en stiv ridebom og dels at tjene som dreje eller svingaksel kan opnås på særlig enkel måde. Som lejring for rørdragerne, der danner ridebommene 4, har forskallingen rørmuffer eller lejringsmuffer 6, der i den viste udførelsesform er fastgjorte til underliggerdragerne 35 3. Man ser navnlig i fig. 2, hvorledes dette medfører en meget enkel konstruktion.In the embodiment shown, the riding beams 4 are designed as circular cross-sectional tubers, whereby their dual function, namely to serve as a rigid riding boom and partly to serve as a pivot or pivot shaft, can be achieved in a particularly simple manner. As a bearing for the pipe supports forming the riding beams 4, the formwork has pipe sleeves or bearing sleeves 6, which in the illustrated embodiment are fastened to the supporting beams 35. 2, how this results in a very simple construction.
Navnlig i fig. 1 og ved sammenligning med fig. 3 ses, at de enkelte ridebomme 4's rørdragere kan skydes teleskopisk ind i hinanden.In particular in FIG. 1 and by comparison with FIG. 3 it can be seen that the tubes of the individual riding bar 4 can be telescoped into each other.
3 1473063 147306
Hertil består hver ridebom 4 i den viste udførelsesform af tre rørdele 7 og 8. Den midterste rørdel, som griber ind i de to yderste rørdele 8, er betegnet med 7, og understøtningssøjlerne 5 indgriber med de yderste rørdele 8. Dersom en midterste underliggerdrager 3 fjernes sammen 5 med et stykke af forskallingsdækket, kan hele forskallingen gøres smallere end vist i fig. 1, og ved omvendt håndtering udformes bredere. Derved får ridebommene 4 en tredie funktion.For this, each riding boom 4 in the illustrated embodiment consists of three pipe parts 7 and 8. The middle pipe part which engages the two outer pipe parts 8 is designated 7, and the supporting columns 5 engage with the outer pipe parts 8. If a middle undercarriage 3 removed together with a piece of the formwork deck, the entire formwork can be made narrower than shown in FIG. 1, and by reverse handling, a wider design. Thereby the riding beams 4 have a third function.
I den viste udførelsesform er understøtningssøjlerne 5 sammensvejste med de tilhørende rørdele 8. Der kunne dog også tænkes en 10 løsbar forbindelse, dersom en demontering ville være ønskelig i enkelte tilfælde.In the embodiment shown, the support columns 5 are welded together with the associated pipe parts 8. However, a detachable connection could also be conceived if a dismantling would be desirable in some cases.
I fig. 2 ses, at to med hinanden parallelle ridebomme hver har to understøtningssøjler. Dette giver en stabil forskalling, ved hvilken der ved indklapning af den ene understøtningssøjle samtidig fås den samme 15 bevægelse af den anden på samme ridebom 4 fastgjorte understøtningssøjle. Derved forenkles håndteringen af forskallingen. Hver understøtningssøjle har i sit øverste område i det mindste en og i den i fig. 3 viste udførelsesform endog to skråstivere 5a, der indgriber med samme rørdel 8 som selve understøtningssøjlen. Skråstiverne ligger herunder 20 praktisk taget i samme plan som de tilhørende understøtningssøjler.In FIG. 2 it is seen that two parallel riding rods each have two supporting columns. This provides a stable formwork, by which, when the one support column is folded in, at the same time the same movement of the other on the support column fixed on the same riding beam 4 is obtained. This simplifies the handling of the formwork. Each support column has at least one in its upper region and in the one shown in FIG. 3, even two oblique struts 5a which engage with the same pipe part 8 as the supporting column itself. The inclined struts include 20 practically in the same plane as the supporting columns.
Hver rørdel 8 har til breddeindstilling hulrækker 8a, ved hjælp af hvilke en ikke nærmere vist tværbolt også kan rage gennem rørdelen 7.Each pipe part 8 has for width adjustment hole rows 8a, by means of which a cross bolt not shown, can also project through the pipe part 7.
Som drejningssikring for hver understøtningssøjle 5 findes der en ekstrastiver 9, der med den ene ende løsbart kan indgribe med en af 25 forskallingsdækket 2's underliggerdragere 3. På denne måde fås med en forholdsvis stor vægtstangarm en god fiksering, der ved passende spænding tillader en præcis fastholdelse og ekstra afstivning. Som det ses i fig. 2, er disse ekstrastivere 9 anbragte i et plan vinkelret pi forskallingsdækket og på det plan, som en ridebom 4‘s understøtnings-30 søjler 5 danner, hvilket vil sige, at de fra understøtningssøjlerne 5 rager skråt opad ind mod det indre af forskallingsdækket. Endvidere er den del, hvormed de indgriber med understøtningssøjlen 5, udformet som et led 10, og deres forbindelsesorgan, hvormed de er forbundne med forskallingen, udformet som et led 11. Derudover kan den egentlige 35 ekstrastiver 9 være drejelig om sin længdeakse i forhold til sit drejeled på understøtningssøjlen 5 og/eller i forhold til hængselforbindelsen med forskallingen. Derved er en tilpasning efter forskellige fastgørelsesforhold mulig. Sædvanligvis vil fastgørelsesstederne til understøtningssøj- 4 147306 lerne og fastgørelsesstedet for drejesikringen til forskallingsdækket være ens fra tilfælde til tilfælde.As a pivot lock for each support column 5, there is an extra strut 9 which can be detachably at one end with one of the undercarriages 3 of one of the formwork tire 2. In this way, with a relatively large lever arm, a good fixation is obtained which permits precise retention at appropriate tension. and extra stiffening. As seen in FIG. 2, these extra struts 9 are arranged in a plane perpendicular to the formwork deck and on the plane formed by a support beam 4's support pillars 5, that is, they project from the support columns 5 upwardly towards the interior of the formwork deck. Further, the portion by which they engage with the support column 5 is formed as a link 10 and their connecting means by which they are connected to the formwork are formed as a link 11. In addition, the actual extra strut 9 can be rotatable about its longitudinal axis with respect to its rotary joint on the support column 5 and / or in relation to the hinge connection with the formwork. This makes it possible to adapt to different fastening conditions. Usually, the attachment points of the support pillars and the attachment location of the pivot tire to the formwork deck will be the same on a case by case basis.
Som sikring mod aksial forskydning af de rør, der danner ridebommene 4, har disse på ikke nærmere vist måde føringsanslag for lejrings-5 mufferne 6, der rager frem fra rørdelenes yderside og eventuelt kan være pisvejste på disse rørdele.In order to prevent axial displacement of the pipes forming the riding beams 4, these have not shown in any way the guide stop for the bearing 5 sleeves 6, which project from the outside of the pipe parts and may be piss welded on these pipe parts.
Som følge af, at de som ridebomme anvendte profiler også udnyttes som drejeakse for de svingbare understøtningssøjler, kan forskallingen 1 fremstilles af forholdsvis få enkeltdele, således at fremstillingen er for-10 enklet, og samtidig er også betjeningen af den færdige forskalling forenklet, således at der ved indklapning af en understøtningssøjle også fis en indklapning af nabounderstøtningssøjlen. Desuden opnås den væsentlige fordel, at understøtningssøjlernes drejeakse! ligger så nær forskallingsdækket som muligt, således at hele forskallinen 1 ved indklappe-15 de understøtningssøjler har en tilsvarende mindre højde. Alligevel er også en breddeindstilling af forskallingen mulig på enkel måde.Due to the fact that the profiles used as riding beams are also utilized as a pivot axis for the pivotal support columns, the formwork 1 can be made of relatively few individual parts, so that the production is simplified, and at the same time the operation of the finished formwork is simplified, so that when collapsing a support column, there is also a collapse of the neighboring support column. Furthermore, the essential advantage is obtained that the pivot axis of the support columns! is as close to the formwork deck as possible, so that the entire formwork line 1 with folding support columns has a correspondingly smaller height. Still, a width adjustment of the formwork is also possible in a simple way.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2827435 | 1978-06-22 | ||
| DE2827435A DE2827435C2 (en) | 1978-06-22 | 1978-06-22 | Formwork table for ceiling formwork or the like |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK264779A DK264779A (en) | 1979-12-23 |
| DK147306B true DK147306B (en) | 1984-06-12 |
| DK147306C DK147306C (en) | 1985-01-07 |
Family
ID=6042485
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK264779A DK147306C (en) | 1978-06-22 | 1979-06-22 | FORGED WITH A REALLY WALKED FORGED COVER |
Country Status (19)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AR (1) | AR218985A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT364512B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE876600A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7903928A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1112072A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH638271A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2827435C2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK147306C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES243549Y (en) |
| FI (1) | FI791942A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2429308A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2023705B (en) |
| IL (1) | IL57579A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1121847B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX147316A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7904363A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO792081L (en) |
| PT (1) | PT69568A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7905444L (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE9300735U1 (en) * | 1993-01-21 | 1994-05-26 | NOE-Schaltechnik Georg Meyer-Keller GmbH + Co, 73079 Süßen | Ceiling folding table |
| DE20318912U1 (en) * | 2003-12-05 | 2004-03-04 | Doka Industrie Gmbh | formwork table |
| JP2006183313A (en) * | 2004-12-27 | 2006-07-13 | Nippon Rittai Chushajo Kaihatsu Kk | Slab form unit and supporting frame unit |
| CN109667418B (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2024-04-26 | 煤炭工业合肥设计研究院有限责任公司 | Template platform of beam column integration installation |
| CN112459471A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-09 | 中国二十二冶集团有限公司 | Beam slab support construction method |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1866877U (en) * | 1962-08-23 | 1963-02-07 | Holzmann Philipp Ag | SUPPORT DEVICE FOR CREATING BUILDING CEILINGS OR OTHER STRUCTURAL STRUCTURES. |
| FR1504778A (en) * | 1966-10-27 | 1967-12-08 | Entpr Oger | Advanced system of shuttering tables for the execution of solid reinforced concrete slabs |
| DE1759904A1 (en) * | 1968-06-20 | 1971-07-22 | Huennebeck Gmbh | Movable formwork table for shuttering building ceilings |
| DE1803626A1 (en) * | 1968-10-17 | 1970-06-25 | Edmond Bourge | Scaffolding |
| DE2019044A1 (en) * | 1969-04-26 | 1970-11-12 | Mills Scaffold Company Ltd., London | Scaffolding element |
| CH566471A5 (en) * | 1972-08-23 | 1975-09-15 | Kistler Soehne Ag | Shuttering holding frame made from tubular members - has connecting members for making composite frames from unit frames |
| DE2311582A1 (en) * | 1973-03-08 | 1974-09-12 | Lumi Zug Ag | HEAD FOR FORMWORK SUPPORT, IN PARTICULAR FOR CEILING FORMWORK |
-
1978
- 1978-06-22 DE DE2827435A patent/DE2827435C2/en not_active Expired
-
1979
- 1979-05-02 PT PT69568A patent/PT69568A/en unknown
- 1979-05-11 AT AT0350279A patent/AT364512B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-05-22 FR FR7913728A patent/FR2429308A1/en active Granted
- 1979-05-23 CH CH483079A patent/CH638271A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-05-25 ES ES1979243549U patent/ES243549Y/en not_active Expired
- 1979-05-29 BE BE0/195439A patent/BE876600A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-06-01 NL NL7904363A patent/NL7904363A/en active Search and Examination
- 1979-06-07 AR AR276857A patent/AR218985A1/en active
- 1979-06-15 GB GB7920893A patent/GB2023705B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-06-17 IL IL57579A patent/IL57579A/en unknown
- 1979-06-18 FI FI791942A patent/FI791942A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-06-20 SE SE7905444A patent/SE7905444L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-06-20 IT IT23711/79A patent/IT1121847B/en active
- 1979-06-21 BR BR7903928A patent/BR7903928A/en unknown
- 1979-06-21 MX MX178168A patent/MX147316A/en unknown
- 1979-06-21 NO NO792081A patent/NO792081L/en unknown
- 1979-06-21 CA CA330,286A patent/CA1112072A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-06-22 DK DK264779A patent/DK147306C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1121847B (en) | 1986-04-23 |
| NO792081L (en) | 1979-12-28 |
| ES243549Y (en) | 1980-03-01 |
| FR2429308B1 (en) | 1983-03-11 |
| DK264779A (en) | 1979-12-23 |
| NL7904363A (en) | 1979-12-28 |
| AR218985A1 (en) | 1980-07-15 |
| AT364512B (en) | 1981-10-27 |
| PT69568A (en) | 1979-06-01 |
| SE7905444L (en) | 1979-12-23 |
| FI791942A (en) | 1979-12-23 |
| IT7923711A0 (en) | 1979-06-20 |
| IL57579A (en) | 1981-07-31 |
| FR2429308A1 (en) | 1980-01-18 |
| BE876600A (en) | 1979-09-17 |
| DE2827435B1 (en) | 1979-12-20 |
| DK147306C (en) | 1985-01-07 |
| ES243549U (en) | 1979-09-16 |
| CH638271A5 (en) | 1983-09-15 |
| BR7903928A (en) | 1980-02-20 |
| MX147316A (en) | 1982-11-10 |
| IL57579A0 (en) | 1979-10-31 |
| GB2023705A (en) | 1980-01-03 |
| CA1112072A (en) | 1981-11-10 |
| DE2827435C2 (en) | 1980-08-28 |
| ATA350279A (en) | 1981-03-15 |
| GB2023705B (en) | 1982-07-21 |
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