DK143718B - CONSTRUCTION FOR BUILDING OF DOGS, MILLS, PERRONS OR CAYMAN - Google Patents
CONSTRUCTION FOR BUILDING OF DOGS, MILLS, PERRONS OR CAYMAN Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK143718B DK143718B DK331574AA DK331574A DK143718B DK 143718 B DK143718 B DK 143718B DK 331574A A DK331574A A DK 331574AA DK 331574 A DK331574 A DK 331574A DK 143718 B DK143718 B DK 143718B
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- elements
- construction
- mats
- perrons
- cayman
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
- E02D29/0233—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being anchors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/28—Stressing the soil or the foundation structure while forming foundations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
- E02D29/0241—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being reinforced earth elements
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
- Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)
- Sewage (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
i o U3718i o U3718
Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en konstruktion til opbygning af diger, moler, perroner eller kajmure og bestående af en armering, der er lagt i et i hovedsagen med jordoverfladen parallelt plan, og som ved mindst to 5 af sine modstående endepartier er fastklemt til en lodret, af mindst to på hinanden stablede bjælkeelementer dannet konstruktion, hvor hvert bjælkeelement, fortrinsvis af beton, har en overside, der er indrettet til at passe til den tilgrænsende underside af et ovenover liggende element ved hjælp af til hinanden svarende indgrebsorganer.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure for the construction of dikes, piers, platforms or quay walls and consisting of a reinforcement laid in a substantially parallel plane to the ground surface, which is clamped to a vertical at least two of its opposite end portions. of at least two stacked beam members formed of structure, each beam member, preferably of concrete, having an upper surface adapted to fit the adjacent underside of an overlying member by means of corresponding engagement means.
En konstruktion af denne art er for eksempel kendt fra USA patentskrift nr. 3.686.873. Ved denne konstruktion er de af bjælkeelementerne opbyggede støttevægge forenede med stive stag, der er forankret i bjælkeelementer- 15 ne ved hjælp af i disse indstøbte befæstelser.For example, a construction of this kind is known from U.S. Patent No. 3,686,873. In this construction, the support walls constructed of the beam elements are joined by rigid braces anchored to the beam elements by means of these embedded fasteners.
Det er formålet for opfindelsen at tilvejebringe en konstruktion, der er stærkt forenklet i sammenligning med de kendte^ og som frembyder et til et minimum reduceret monteringsarbejde.It is an object of the invention to provide a structure which is greatly simplified in comparison with the prior art and which presents a minimized assembly work.
2020
Dette opnås ifølge opfindelsen ved, at armeringen består af en fleksibel måtte af korrosionsfrit metal eller et syntetisk materiale, og at måtten er fastklemt mellem bjælkeelementernes indgrebsorganer.This is achieved according to the invention in that the reinforcement consists of a flexible mat of corrosion-free metal or a synthetic material, and that the mat is clamped between the engaging members of the beam elements.
Opbygningen ifølge opfindelsen kan anvendes til 25 stabilisering af dæmningsfyldninger på svag undergrund til formindskelse af jordtrykket imod mure af forskellig art, samt til selve opførelsen af mure, kajer eller perroner.The structure according to the invention can be used for stabilizing dam fillings on a weak surface for reducing the soil pressure against walls of various kinds, and for the construction of walls, quays or platforms themselves.
Endvidere er opfindelsen veleqnet til låsning af kantsten ved udførelse af gader med fortov, at stabilisere vejdæm-30 ninger og at stabilisere skråninger ved dæmninger og gennemskæringer .Furthermore, the invention is intended for locking curbs by making streets with sidewalks, stabilizing roadblocks and stabilizing slopes at dams and intersections.
Opfindelsen beskrives i det følgende nærmere under henvisning til tegningen, på hvilken fig. 1 i perspektiv skematisk viser et stykke 35 af en perron eller en lastkaj, fig. 2 i større målestok et element eller en modulenhed i opbygningen ifølge fig. 1, o 2 143718 fig. 3 i snit et skematisk perspektivisk billede af en kaj eller en mur, fig. 4, 5 og 6 et snit gennem henholdsvis en første og en anden dæmningsfyldning og en gade med fortove, og 5 fig. 7 et snit gennem en skrænt.The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which: FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic perspective view of a piece 35 of a platform or cargo berth; FIG. 2 shows, on a larger scale, an element or module unit in the structure according to FIG. 1, o 2 143718 fig. Figure 3 is a sectional schematic perspective view of a quay or wall. 4, 5 and 6 show a section through a first and a second dam filling and a street with pavements, respectively. 7 a section through a slope.
Den i fig. 1 viste perron eller lastkaj har skinner og sveller, der er angivet ved henholdsvis 1 og 2, på hver side af opbygningen.The FIG. 1 platform or loading berth has rails and sleepers indicated by 1 and 2 respectively on each side of the structure.
Opbygningen har i det viste tilfælde vægge eller 10 mure af præfabrikerede, fortrinsvis af beton bestående pladeformede elementer 3, der er stablet oven på hinanden. Elementerne holdes på plads i højde- og sideretningen dels ved indgrebsorganer i form af ribber 4 på henholdsvis overkanten og den ene sidekant, fig. 2, af hvert element og tilsvarende 15 render på henholdsvis underkanten og den anden sidekant, og dels ved rundjern, der er ført gennem i fig. 1 skematiske viste lodrette kanaler 6 i hvert element.In the case shown, the structure has walls or 10 walls of prefabricated, preferably concrete, plate-shaped elements 3 stacked on top of one another. The elements are held in position in the elevation and lateral directions, partly by engagement means in the form of ribs 4 on the upper edge and one side edge respectively. 2, of each element and corresponding 15 rows on the lower edge and the other side edge, respectively, and partly on round bars, which have been passed through in FIG. 1 schematically shows vertical channels 6 in each element.
Mellem de vandrette indgrebsorganer på elementerne i hver af de parallelle mure er de respektive ender af måtter 20 7 af ikke korroderende materiale, fortrinsvis af syntetisk fibervæv, fastklemt. I figuren vises to sådanne måtter, der afgrænser tre jordlag. Som følge af måtternes bærende forankring i betonelementerne udsættes hvert af de nedre elementer kun for det af hver sit jordlag for sig selv udøvede tryk i 25 stedet for et nedad gennem hele jorddybden akkumuleret tryk, som det tidligere har været tilfældet, hvad har krævet en tiltagende tykkelse af murværket nedad. Elementerne kan således dels udformes med konstant tykkelse og dels holdes forbløffende tynde.Between the horizontal engagement members on the elements of each of the parallel walls, the respective ends of mats 20 7 of non-corrosive material, preferably of synthetic fiber web, are clamped. The figure shows two such mats, which delimit three layers of soil. Due to the load-bearing anchoring of the mats in the concrete elements, each of the lower elements is subjected only to the pressure exerted by its own soil layer for 25 instead of a downward accumulation of pressure throughout the soil depth, as has been the case previously, which has required increasing thickness of the masonry face down. Thus, the elements can be formed with a constant thickness and kept astonishingly thin.
30 I figuren vises også et par dræningshuller 8 i jorden.30 The figure also shows a few drainage holes 8 in the ground.
Fig. 2 viser mere detaljeret et eksempel på et betonelement 3 med dets ribber 4 på overkanten og den ene sidekant samt render 5 på underkanten og den anden sidekant. De i 35 fig. 1 skematisk antydede fire kanaler 6 genfindes i fig. 2 parvis betegnet 6a og 6b samt 6a' og 6b'. Kanalerne er beregnet til at lette monteringen og opretningen ved bygning af muren.FIG. 2 shows in more detail an example of a concrete element 3 with its ribs 4 on the top and one side edge as well as grooves 5 on the bottom edge and the other side edge. The FIG. 1 schematically indicated four channels 6 are found in FIG. 2 in pairs denoted 6a and 6b and 6a 'and 6b'. The ducts are intended to facilitate mounting and erection when building the wall.
3 143718 o Således anbringes først de nederste elementer i sideindgreb med hinanden og oven på disse yderligere en række elementer, hvorefter der indføres rundjern i kanalerne 6a og 6b. Før pålægningen af de andre rækker elementer anbringes en første 5 samling måtter, passende af samme bredde som elementerne, med sine ender oven på elementernes øverste kanter. Før pålægningen af en tredje række elementer anbringes en ny samling måtter osv. Det er underforstået, at jordfyldningen lægges lagvis med måtterne.Thus, the lower elements are first interposed with each other and on top of these a further series of elements, after which the circular irons are inserted in the channels 6a and 6b. Prior to the application of the second row of elements, a first assembly of mats, suitably of the same width as the elements, is placed with its ends on the upper edges of the elements. Prior to the application of a third row of elements, a new collection of mats is placed, etc. It is understood that the soil filling is laid in layers with the mats.
^0 De tynde og derved forholdsvis lette betonelementer i forbindelse med den ovenfor beskrevne styringsfremgangsmåde letter i høj grad opføringen, der kan ske både hurtigt og nøjagtigt i modsætning til den tidligere teknik, hvor tunge mure blev støbt på plads efter en omstændelig opføring af l·* forme og ikke kunne anvendes før en behørig hærdning.The thin and thereby relatively lightweight concrete elements in connection with the above-described control method greatly facilitate the construction, which can be done both quickly and accurately, in contrast to the prior art, where heavy walls were cast in place after a cumbersome construction of l * molds and could not be used before proper curing.
Elementet er i sin nedre del vist forsynet med et dræningshul 9.The element is shown in its lower part with a drain hole 9.
Ved kaj- eller muropbygningen ifølge fig. 3 svarer selve muren 10 helt til den venstre mur eller væg i fig. 1.In the quay or wall structure of FIG. 3, the wall 10 itself corresponds completely to the left wall or wall of FIG. First
20 Af figuren fremgår specielt tydeligt den ensartede tykkelse af en mur, som den til grund for opfindelsen liggende ide muliggør. Til venstre for kajmuren ses vand 11 og længst til højre en temmelig stejl skråning 12. Eftersom der således ikke findes nogen mur til højre, må forankringen af måtterne 25 7is højre ender ske på anden måde, nemlig ved fastklemning af hver måttes endekant mellem to bjælker 13 og 14 af f.eks. beton. Fikseringen mellem bjælkerne kan ske ved hjælp af indgrebselementer på samme måde som ved muren 10 og/eller ved boltforbindelser eller lignende. Muren 10 er vist grund-50 lagt på piller 15.20 The figure shows in particular the uniform thickness of a wall which the idea underlying the invention enables. To the left of the quay wall, water 11 and to the far right a rather steep slope 12. As there is no wall to the right, the anchoring of the mats 257 at the right ends must be done differently, namely by clamping the end edge of each mat between two beams 13 and 14 of e.g. concrete. The fixing between the beams can be done by means of engaging elements in the same way as at the wall 10 and / or by bolt connections or the like. The wall 10 is shown as basic 50 laid on pellets 15.
En armering ved hjælp af to betonbjælker 13 og 14 samt mellemliggende måtte 7 er vist i fig. 4 for en digefyldning på svag undergrund, til stabilisering af en digetop i fig. 5 og for en gade med fortove i fig. 6.A reinforcement by means of two concrete beams 13 and 14 and intermediate mats 7 is shown in fig. 4 for a dike filling on weak subsurface, for stabilizing a dike top in FIG. 5 and for a street with sidewalks in FIG. 6th
55 Endelig vises i fig. 7 en skråningsstabilisering, hvor en måtte 7 er forankret i bakketoppen ved hjælp af o 4 143718 bjælkeparret 13, 14 og- er lagt langs skråningen, og om nødvendigt, dvs. hvis skrænten er stejl og måttelængden hermed for kort til at give tilstrækkelig stor akkumuleret friktion, holdes på plads langs skråningen ved hjælp af mindre dimensionerede bjælker 16, der er anbragt i ud fra et geoteknisk 5 synspunkt strategisk afstand fra hinanden.55 Finally, FIG. 7 shows a slope stabilization, where a mat 7 is anchored in the hilltop by means of the beam pair 13, 14 and- is laid along the slope, and if necessary, ie. if the slope is steep and the mat length is too short to provide sufficiently large accumulated friction, it is held in place along the slope by means of smaller dimensioned beams 16 which are placed at a strategic distance from a geotechnical point of view.
Sammenfattet giver opfindelsen mulighed for at anvende præfabrikerede, materalebesparende og dermed både let transportable og let håndterlige elementmoduler til på hurtig ^ og økonomisk måde at fremstille perron- og kajopbygninger samt til stabilisering af skrænter, vejkanter og toppe på vejdæmninger osv. Opfindelsen er ikke begrænset til de ovenfor beskrevne udførelsesformer, men forskellige udformninger er mulige inden for opfindelsens rammer, specielt udskiftning af visse detaljer med lignende sådanne. Således kan de samvirkende indgrebsorganer på elementerne, der ikke nødvendigvis er af beton, varieres på mangfoldig måde, og de i kanalerne i elementet løbende rundjern til opretning kan erstattes af faste styretappe til indføring i tilsvarende huller i det tilgrænsende element. Hvad angår måtterne, kan disse i stedet 20 for af syntetiske fibre, polyestervæv, bestå af et korrosionsfrit metal. Alment gælder, at måttematerialet bør have forholdsvis højt elasticitetsmodul og stort set forsvindende krybning ved belastning. Eftersom måtterne relativt ses normalt står for den største del af prisen i kombinationen 25 element/måtter, kan man, i det omfang de geotekniske forhold tillader det, nedbringe totalomkostningerne ved i lodret retning at udelade måtter i visse elementsamlinger. Måtterne kan også lægges i sløjfer om hvert andet element i stedet for at fastklemmes i afskårne ender.In summary, the invention allows the use of prefabricated, material-saving and thus both easily transportable and easily manageable element modules to produce platform and berth structures quickly and economically, as well as for the stabilization of slopes, road edges and peaks on road dams etc. The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but different designs are possible within the scope of the invention, in particular the replacement of certain details with similar ones. Thus, the interacting engagement members of the elements not necessarily of concrete can be varied in many ways and the straightening irons running in the channels of the element can be replaced by fixed guide pins for insertion into corresponding holes in the adjacent element. As for the mats, these may instead consist of synthetic fibers, polyester fabric, of a corrosion-free metal. In general, the mat material should have a relatively high modulus of elasticity and largely vanishing creep under load. Since the mats are relatively normally seen to account for the greater part of the price in the 25 element / mats combination, to the extent geotechnical conditions allow, the total cost can be reduced by vertically excluding mats in certain element collections. The mats can also be looped around every other element instead of being clamped at cut ends.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE7308792 | 1973-06-21 | ||
SE7308792A SE389358B (en) | 1973-06-21 | 1973-06-21 | GROUND REINFORCEMENT DEVICE. |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DK331574A DK331574A (en) | 1975-02-10 |
DK143718B true DK143718B (en) | 1981-09-28 |
DK143718C DK143718C (en) | 1982-03-15 |
Family
ID=20317856
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DK331574A DK143718C (en) | 1973-06-21 | 1974-06-20 | CONSTRUCTION FOR BUILDING OF DOGS, MILLS, PERRONS OR CAYMAN |
Country Status (18)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3925994A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5069803A (en) |
AU (1) | AU7077274A (en) |
BR (1) | BR7405098D0 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1003231A (en) |
DD (1) | DD116279A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2429949A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK143718C (en) |
FI (1) | FI58192C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2234427B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1453537A (en) |
HU (1) | HU178226B (en) |
IN (1) | IN139791B (en) |
NL (1) | NL7408165A (en) |
NO (1) | NO146962C (en) |
SE (1) | SE389358B (en) |
YU (1) | YU174774A (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA743941B (en) |
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- 1973-06-21 SE SE7308792A patent/SE389358B/en unknown
-
1974
- 1974-06-18 FR FR7421118A patent/FR2234427B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-06-18 FI FI1857/74A patent/FI58192C/en active
- 1974-06-18 NL NL7408165A patent/NL7408165A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1974-06-19 NO NO742241A patent/NO146962C/en unknown
- 1974-06-19 ZA ZA00743941A patent/ZA743941B/en unknown
- 1974-06-20 GB GB2745374A patent/GB1453537A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-06-20 CA CA202,996A patent/CA1003231A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-06-20 US US481296A patent/US3925994A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1974-06-20 DK DK331574A patent/DK143718C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-06-21 YU YU01747/74A patent/YU174774A/en unknown
- 1974-06-21 BR BR5098/74A patent/BR7405098D0/en unknown
- 1974-06-21 JP JP49071207A patent/JPS5069803A/ja active Pending
- 1974-06-21 HU HU74FO699A patent/HU178226B/en unknown
- 1974-06-21 DE DE2429949A patent/DE2429949A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1974-06-21 DD DD179366A patent/DD116279A5/xx unknown
- 1974-07-03 AU AU70772/74A patent/AU7077274A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-08-09 IN IN1788/CAL/74A patent/IN139791B/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1453537A (en) | 1976-10-27 |
US3925994A (en) | 1975-12-16 |
ZA743941B (en) | 1975-06-25 |
BR7405098D0 (en) | 1975-10-07 |
JPS5069803A (en) | 1975-06-10 |
SE7308792L (en) | 1974-12-23 |
FR2234427B1 (en) | 1979-08-17 |
YU174774A (en) | 1982-02-25 |
HU178226B (en) | 1982-04-28 |
IN139791B (en) | 1976-07-31 |
CA1003231A (en) | 1977-01-11 |
DD116279A5 (en) | 1975-11-12 |
DK143718C (en) | 1982-03-15 |
DK331574A (en) | 1975-02-10 |
DE2429949A1 (en) | 1975-01-16 |
FI58192C (en) | 1980-12-10 |
NL7408165A (en) | 1974-12-24 |
FI58192B (en) | 1980-08-29 |
NO742241L (en) | 1975-01-20 |
NO146962B (en) | 1982-09-27 |
SE389358B (en) | 1976-11-01 |
FI185774A (en) | 1974-12-22 |
FR2234427A1 (en) | 1975-01-17 |
NO146962C (en) | 1983-01-05 |
AU7077274A (en) | 1976-01-08 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PBP | Patent lapsed |