NO146962B - EARNINGS. - Google Patents
EARNINGS. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO146962B NO146962B NO742241A NO742241A NO146962B NO 146962 B NO146962 B NO 146962B NO 742241 A NO742241 A NO 742241A NO 742241 A NO742241 A NO 742241A NO 146962 B NO146962 B NO 146962B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- elements
- mat
- beam elements
- vertical
- engagement
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
- E02D29/0233—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being anchors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/28—Stressing the soil or the foundation structure while forming foundations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
- E02D29/0241—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being reinforced earth elements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
- Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)
- Sewage (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Anordning for jordarmering.Ground reinforcement device.
Description
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en anordning for jordv-armer ing ved hjelp av minst ett armeringssjikt i form av en fleksibel matte av nettstruktur med tråder av korrosjonsfritt metall eller syntetisk materiale lagt i et med jordoverflaten vesentlig parallelt plan og ved to motsatte ender festet til en vertikal konstruksjon, dannet av minst to på hverandre stablede bjelkeelementer. The present invention relates to a device for ground heating using at least one reinforcement layer in the form of a flexible mat of mesh structure with threads of corrosion-free metal or synthetic material laid in a plane substantially parallel to the ground surface and attached at two opposite ends to a vertical construction, formed by at least two stacked beam elements.
Armeringsanordninger av denne generelle type har i stadig Reinforcement devices of this general type have constantly
økende omfang (spesielt i Frankrike og Japan) erstattet de gjengse, såvel kostbare som plasskrevende og tunge stålarme-ringer, først og fremst i form av strekk- eller ankerstag, increasing extent (especially in France and Japan) replaced the usual, both expensive and space-consuming and heavy steel arm rings, primarily in the form of tension or anchor rods,
for gardering mot skred og ras ved jordfyllingskonstruksjoner for skiftende formål. for guarding against landslides and landslides at earth fill constructions for changing purposes.
Imidlertid har de hittil praktiserte jordarmeringer ved hjelp However, they have hitherto practiced earth reinforcements with help
av matter ikke vist seg helt å tilfredsstille de stilte krav til effektivitet og har vært begrenset til forholdsvis snevre anvendelsesområder. of mats has not been shown to fully satisfy the requirements for efficiency and has been limited to relatively narrow areas of application.
En mere universell anvendelighet, kombinert med en bedre armeringseffekt, frembyr anordningen ifølge oppfinnelsen ved den kombinasjon at matten er heldekkende, og at i hvert par av bjelkeelementer, fortrinnsvis av betong, har det ene profilert overside for pasning til den tilgrensende komplementært profilerte undersiden av det andre, ovenforliggende bjelkeelementet, mellom hvilke to kontaktflater den ene endekanten på matten er fastklemt ved forminngrep i forbindelse med stabilisering av den vertikale konstruksjon. A more universal applicability, combined with a better reinforcement effect, is provided by the device according to the invention by the combination that the mat is full coverage, and that in each pair of beam elements, preferably made of concrete, one has a profiled upper side for fitting to the adjacent complementary profiled lower side of the second, the beam element above, between which two contact surfaces one end edge of the mat is clamped by form engagement in connection with stabilization of the vertical construction.
Konstruksjonen ifolge oppfinnelsen kan benyttes for stabilisering av veifyllinger på svak undergrunn, for redusering av jord-trykket mot murer av forskjellige slag, liksom for selve oppfør-elsen av murer, kaier, perronger o.l.; videre egner oppfinnelsen ,seg godt for låsing av kantsten ved oppfdreise av gater med fortau, stabilisering av veilegemer samt stabilisering av skrånende veikanter og skjæringer. The construction according to the invention can be used for stabilizing road embankments on weak subsoil, for reducing the earth pressure against walls of various kinds, as well as for the construction of walls, quays, platforms etc.; furthermore, the invention is well suited for locking kerbs when raising streets with pavements, stabilizing road bodies as well as stabilizing sloping roadsides and intersections.
Oppfinnelsen skal beskrives nærmere nedenfor under henvisning til tegningene, hvor: fig. 1 viser et skjematisk perspektivriss av et avsnitt av en perrong eller lastekai, The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings, where: fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a section of a platform or loading dock,
fig. 2 viser i storre målestokk et element eller modulenhet i konstruksjonen ifolge fig. 1, fig. 2 shows on a larger scale an element or module unit in the construction according to fig. 1,
fig. 3 viser i snitt et skjematisk perspektivriss av en kai (eller mur), fig. 3 shows in section a schematic perspective view of a quay (or wall),
fig. 4, 5 og 6 viser snitt gjennom en forste og en andre veifylling resp. en gate med fortau, samt fig. 4, 5 and 6 show sections through a first and a second road embankment respectively. a street with sidewalks, as well
fig. 7 viser et snitt gjennom en skråning. fig. 7 shows a section through a slope.
Den i fig. 1 viste perrong eller lastekai har skinner The one in fig. 1 shown platform or loading dock has rails
og sviller antydet ved 1 resp. 2 på begge sider av konstruksjonen. Denne har i det viste tilfelle vegger eller murer av prefabrikerte, fortrinnsvis av betong bestående plateformede elementer 3, stablet på hverandre. Elementene holdes på plass i hoyde- og sideretning ved dels inngrepsorgan i form av ribber 4 på overkantene og resp. ene sidekanter (fig. 2) på hvert and sleepers indicated by 1 resp. 2 on both sides of the structure. In the case shown, this has walls or walls of prefabricated, preferably concrete, plate-shaped elements 3, stacked on top of each other. The elements are held in place vertically and laterally by partly engaging means in the form of ribs 4 on the upper edges and resp. one side edge (fig. 2) on each
element og tilsvarende renner 5 på underkantene og resp. andre sidekanter, og dels ved rundtjern, som er fort gjennom i fig. 1 skjematisk antydede vertikale kanaler 6 i hvert element. element and corresponding gutters 5 on the lower edges and resp. other side edges, and partly by round iron, which is fast through in fig. 1 schematically indicated vertical channels 6 in each element.
Mellom de horisontale inngrepsorgan for elementene i hvert av de to parallelle murer er resp. ender av matter 7 av ikke-korrosivt materiale, fortrinnsvis av syntetisk fiberduk, fastklemt. På figur 1 vises to slike matter, som avgrenser tre jordsjikt. På grunn av mattenes bærende forankring i betong-elementene utsettes hvert slikt element (av de to nedre) kun for det av hvert jordsjikt for seg utovede trykk i stedet for et nedad gjennom hele jorddybden akkumulerende trykk, Between the horizontal intervention means for the elements in each of the two parallel walls are resp. ends of mats 7 of non-corrosive material, preferably of synthetic fiber cloth, clamped. Figure 1 shows two such mats, which define three soil layers. Due to the load-bearing anchoring of the mats in the concrete elements, each such element (of the two lower ones) is only exposed to the pressure exerted by each layer of soil separately instead of a downward accumulating pressure throughout the entire soil depth,
slik som tidligere har vært tilfelle og da nødvendiggjorde en nedad tiltagende tykkelse av murverket. Elementene kan således as has previously been the case and then necessitated a downwardly increasing thickness of the masonry. The elements can thus
dels utfores med konstant tykkelse og dels holdes forbløffende tynne. partly made with a constant thickness and partly kept astonishingly thin.
På figur 1 vises også et par dreneringshull 8 i marken. Figure 1 also shows a pair of drainage holes 8 in the ground.
Fig. 2 viser mere i detalj et eksempel på et betongelement 3 Fig. 2 shows in more detail an example of a concrete element 3
med dettes ribber 4 på over- og den ene sidekant samt renner 5 with its ribs 4 on the top and one side edge as well as gutters 5
på under- og den andre sidekant. De i fig. 1 skjematisk antydede fire kanaler 6 gjenfinnes i fig. 2 parvis betegnet 6a og 6b samt 6a<1> og 6b'. Kanalene er beregnet på å lette monteringen og opprettingen ved byggingen av muren. Således anbringes forst de underste elementer i sideinngrep med hverandre og oppå disse ytterligere en rekke elementer, hvorpå rundtjern innfores i kanalene 6a og 6b. For påleggingen av den andre rekke elementer anbringes en forste omgang matter (fortrinnsvis av samme bredde som elementene) med endene oppå elementenes overkanter. For pålegging av den tredje rekke elementer anbringes en ny omgang matter m.v. Det er underforstått at jordfylling legges lagvis med mattene. on the bottom and the other side edge. Those in fig. 1 schematically indicated four channels 6 can be found in fig. 2 in pairs denoted 6a and 6b as well as 6a<1> and 6b'. The channels are intended to facilitate assembly and alignment during the construction of the wall. Thus, first the bottom elements are placed in lateral engagement with each other and on top of these a further series of elements, after which round iron is inserted into the channels 6a and 6b. For the application of the second row of elements, a first round of mats (preferably of the same width as the elements) is placed with the ends on top of the upper edges of the elements. For the imposition of the third row of elements, a new round of mats etc. is placed. It is understood that soil filling is laid in layers with the mats.
De tynne og dermed forholdsvis lette betongelementer i for-ening med den foran beskrevne styringsfremgangsmåte letter i hoy grad oppforelsen, som kan skje både raskt og noyaktig i kontrast til den tidligere teknikk, hvor tunge murer måtte stopes på plass efter en omstendelig oppforelse av former og ikke kunne benyttes for efter tilborlig herding. The thin and thus relatively light concrete elements in conjunction with the control method described above greatly facilitate the construction, which can be done both quickly and accurately in contrast to the previous technique, where heavy walls had to be stopped in place after a cumbersome construction of forms and could not be used for after adequate hardening.
Elementene vises i den nedre del å være forsynt med dreneringshull 9. The elements are shown in the lower part to be provided with drainage holes 9.
Ved kai- eller murkonstruksjonen ifolge fig. 3 svarer selve muren 10 helt til den venstre mur eller vegg i fig. 1. Av figu-ren fremgår spesielt tydelig den ensartede tynnhet for en mur som muliggjores ved den til grunn for oppfinnelsen liggende idé. Til venstre for kaimuren vises vann 11 og lengst til hoyre en temmelig steil skråning 12. Da det således ikke eksisterer noen mur til hoyre, må forankringen av mattenes 7 hoyre ender skje på annen måte, nemlig ved fastklemming av hver mattes ende-kant mellom to (betong)-bjelker 13 og 14. Fikseringen mellom bjelkene kan skje ved hjelp av inngrepselementer på samme måte som ved muren 10 og/eller ved boltforbindelse eller lignende. Muren 10 vises grunnlagt på peler 15. In the case of the quay or wall construction according to fig. 3, the wall 10 itself corresponds completely to the left wall or wall in fig. 1. The figure shows particularly clearly the uniform thinness of a wall which is made possible by the idea underlying the invention. To the left of the quay wall is water 11 and farthest to the right a rather steep slope 12. As there is thus no wall to the right, the anchoring of the mats 7 right ends must be done in a different way, namely by clamping the end edge of each mat between two (concrete) beams 13 and 14. The fixing between the beams can be done by means of engaging elements in the same way as with the wall 10 and/or by means of a bolted connection or the like. The wall 10 is shown founded on piles 15.
En armering ved hjelp av to par betongbjelker 13 og 14 samt mellomliggende matte 7 vises i fig. 4 for en veifylling på svak undergrunn, for en stabilisering av veikrone i fig. 5 og for en gate med fortau i fig. 6. A reinforcement using two pairs of concrete beams 13 and 14 and intermediate mat 7 is shown in fig. 4 for a road fill on weak subsoil, for a stabilization of the road crown in fig. 5 and for a street with pavement in fig. 6.
Til slutt vises i fig. 7 en skråningsstabilisering, hvor en matte 7 er forankret i veikronen ved hjelp av bjelkeparet 13, 14 Finally, fig. 7 a slope stabilization, where a mat 7 is anchored in the road crown by means of the pair of beams 13, 14
og lagt langsmed skråningen samt ved behov - dvs. hvis skråningen er steil og dermed mattelengden for kort til å gi til-strekkelig stor akkumulert friksjon - holdt på plass langsmed skråningen ved hjelp av mindre dimensjonerte bjelkepar 16, pla-sert på ut fra geoteknisk synspunkt strategiske avstander fra hverandre. and laid along the slope as well as if necessary - i.e. if the slope is steep and thus the mat length too short to provide sufficiently large accumulated friction - held in place along the slope by means of smaller-sized pairs of beams 16, placed on from a geotechnical point of view strategic distances from each other.
Som konklusjon frembyr oppfinnelsen muligheter til anvendelse In conclusion, the invention offers possibilities for application
av prefabrikerte, materialbesparende og dermed såvel lettranspor-terbare som letthåndterlige element-"moduler" for på rask og okonomisk måte å oppfore perrong- og kaikonstruksjoner liksom stabilisering av skråninger, veikanter og skråningskroner of prefabricated, material-saving and thus both easy-to-transport and easy-to-handle element "modules" for quickly and economically erecting platform and wharf constructions as well as stabilizing slopes, roadsides and slope crowns
på veilegemer m.v. on road bodies etc.
Oppfinnelsen er ikke begrenset til de foran beskrevne utforel-sesformer, idet forskjellige modifikasjoner er mulige innenfor oppfinnelsens ramme, spesielt utskifting av viste detaljer med lignende slike. Således kan elementenes (ikke nødvendigvis av betong) med hverandre samvirkende inngrepsorganer varieres på mange forskjellige måter, og de i kanaler i elementene lop-ende rundtjern for opprettingen kan erstattes med faste styre-tapper for innforing i tilsvarende hull i tilgrensende element. Med hensyn til mattene kan disse i stedet for syntetisk fiber (polyesterduk) bestå av et korrosjonsfritt metallnett; generelt gjelder at mattematerialet bor ha forholdsvis hoy elastisitets-modul og stort sett ubetydelig krypning ved belastning. The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, as various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention, in particular the replacement of shown details with similar ones. Thus, the interlocking elements of the elements (not necessarily made of concrete) can be varied in many different ways, and the round bars running in channels in the elements for the alignment can be replaced with fixed guide studs for insertion into corresponding holes in the adjacent element. With regard to the mats, instead of synthetic fiber (polyester cloth), these can consist of a corrosion-free metal mesh; in general, the mat material should have a relatively high modulus of elasticity and largely negligible creep under load.
Da mattene relativt sett normalt turde svare for den storre omkostningsdel i kombinasjonen element/matter, kan ma"n i den grad de geotekniske forhold tillater det, redusere totalomkost-ningene ved i vertikalretning å sløyfe matter i visse element-skjøter. Mattene kan også legges i sløyfer om annethvert element i stedet for å fastklemmes i avskårne ender. As the mats, relatively speaking, normally have to answer for the larger part of the cost in the element/mat combination, the man can, to the extent that the geotechnical conditions permit, reduce the total costs by looping mats in the vertical direction in certain element joints. The mats can also be laid in loops around every other element instead of being clamped at cut ends.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE7308792A SE389358B (en) | 1973-06-21 | 1973-06-21 | GROUND REINFORCEMENT DEVICE. |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO742241L NO742241L (en) | 1975-01-20 |
NO146962B true NO146962B (en) | 1982-09-27 |
NO146962C NO146962C (en) | 1983-01-05 |
Family
ID=20317856
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO742241A NO146962C (en) | 1973-06-21 | 1974-06-19 | EARNINGS. |
Country Status (18)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3925994A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5069803A (en) |
AU (1) | AU7077274A (en) |
BR (1) | BR7405098D0 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1003231A (en) |
DD (1) | DD116279A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2429949A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK143718C (en) |
FI (1) | FI58192C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2234427B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1453537A (en) |
HU (1) | HU178226B (en) |
IN (1) | IN139791B (en) |
NL (1) | NL7408165A (en) |
NO (1) | NO146962C (en) |
SE (1) | SE389358B (en) |
YU (1) | YU174774A (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA743941B (en) |
Families Citing this family (48)
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FR2303121A1 (en) * | 1975-03-03 | 1976-10-01 | Vidal Henri | Reinforced embankment with retaining screen - has reinforcement mesh sections folded into U-shapes so webs form screen (BR210976) |
JPS5270516A (en) * | 1975-12-09 | 1977-06-11 | Kyokado Eng Co | Method of building soil construction |
FR2377482A1 (en) * | 1977-01-17 | 1978-08-11 | Setec Geotechnique | Quay wall for canal wall construction - uses lost coffering in successive layers with reinforcements compacted in two stages |
GB1577149A (en) * | 1977-04-19 | 1980-10-22 | Ici Ltd | Method of reinforcing and stabilising soil |
US4141184A (en) * | 1977-08-09 | 1979-02-27 | Vidal Henri C | Terraced dwellings |
DE2753243A1 (en) * | 1977-11-29 | 1979-06-07 | Bayer Ag | REINFORCEMENT OF REINFORCED EARTH STRUCTURES |
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US5156495B1 (en) * | 1978-10-16 | 1994-08-30 | Plg Res | Plastic material mesh structure |
AT380288B (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1986-05-12 | Schwarz Gerhard | CONSTRUCTION, PREFERABLY STUETZMAUER, DAMM OD. DGL. |
NL7906585A (en) * | 1979-09-03 | 1981-03-05 | Akzo Nv | SUPPORT FABRIC FOR BEARING DUMPING MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A ROAD, Dike OR DAM BODY. |
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GB2131063B (en) * | 1982-11-19 | 1985-07-24 | Atlas Ind Ltd | Method of and apparatus for retaining earth formations |
EP0130949A3 (en) * | 1983-06-28 | 1985-11-27 | Luciano Sangiorgio | Concrete panels and relative means for their anchoring to earth, for forming a facing wall of variable planimetric course and allowing settlement of the panels in the facing wall surface, and the facing wall thus obtained |
US4519730A (en) * | 1984-01-20 | 1985-05-28 | Tekken Construction Co., Ltd. | Method for constructing underground structure |
US4591297A (en) * | 1984-04-19 | 1986-05-27 | Tekken Construction Co., Ltd. | Method of building strengthened, embanked foundation |
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CA1243497A (en) * | 1986-01-15 | 1988-10-25 | Hugh G. Wilson | Retaining wall structure |
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DE3917500A1 (en) * | 1989-05-30 | 1990-12-06 | Sf Vollverbundstein | (CONCRETE) MOLDED STONE FOR SUPPORT WALLS, MOLD FOR THE PRODUCTION AND SUPPORT WALL |
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US6488448B1 (en) | 1999-10-15 | 2002-12-03 | Kiltie Corp. | Block module |
US7524144B2 (en) | 2004-06-22 | 2009-04-28 | Allan Block Corporation | Retaining wall |
US20060096180A1 (en) * | 2004-10-06 | 2006-05-11 | Price Brian A | Retaining wall block and grid system |
CN105040539A (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2015-11-11 | 成都聚智工业设计有限公司 | Subgrade structure |
AU2016340014B2 (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2019-08-29 | Armour Wall Group Pty Limited | Earth retention levee system |
CN105696701B (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2017-11-10 | 武汉大学 | A kind of suitable slope shear wall building development platform and its construction method |
EP4267804A1 (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2023-11-01 | Zhen's Corporation | Retaining-wall panel system and flexible reinforcement mechanical connection method therefor |
CN114086572A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-25 | 上海交通大学 | Waterproof energy dissipation supporting construction is used on inflation soil slope |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2315351A (en) * | 1941-07-02 | 1943-03-30 | Schaefer Frederic | Embankment retainer |
GB1208205A (en) * | 1967-10-13 | 1970-10-07 | Toray Industries | Textile lining structure for use as revetment |
US3587964A (en) * | 1969-04-18 | 1971-06-28 | Meadows W R Inc | Protective course for bridge deck |
US3613382A (en) * | 1969-08-06 | 1971-10-19 | West Construction Enterprises | Sea wall construction |
FR2055983A5 (en) * | 1969-08-14 | 1971-05-14 | Vidal Henri |
-
1973
- 1973-06-21 SE SE7308792A patent/SE389358B/en unknown
-
1974
- 1974-06-18 FR FR7421118A patent/FR2234427B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-06-18 FI FI1857/74A patent/FI58192C/en active
- 1974-06-18 NL NL7408165A patent/NL7408165A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1974-06-19 NO NO742241A patent/NO146962C/en unknown
- 1974-06-19 ZA ZA00743941A patent/ZA743941B/en unknown
- 1974-06-20 GB GB2745374A patent/GB1453537A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-06-20 CA CA202,996A patent/CA1003231A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-06-20 US US481296A patent/US3925994A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1974-06-20 DK DK331574A patent/DK143718C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-06-21 YU YU01747/74A patent/YU174774A/en unknown
- 1974-06-21 BR BR5098/74A patent/BR7405098D0/en unknown
- 1974-06-21 JP JP49071207A patent/JPS5069803A/ja active Pending
- 1974-06-21 HU HU74FO699A patent/HU178226B/en unknown
- 1974-06-21 DE DE2429949A patent/DE2429949A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1974-06-21 DD DD179366A patent/DD116279A5/xx unknown
- 1974-07-03 AU AU70772/74A patent/AU7077274A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-08-09 IN IN1788/CAL/74A patent/IN139791B/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1453537A (en) | 1976-10-27 |
US3925994A (en) | 1975-12-16 |
ZA743941B (en) | 1975-06-25 |
BR7405098D0 (en) | 1975-10-07 |
JPS5069803A (en) | 1975-06-10 |
SE7308792L (en) | 1974-12-23 |
FR2234427B1 (en) | 1979-08-17 |
YU174774A (en) | 1982-02-25 |
HU178226B (en) | 1982-04-28 |
DK143718B (en) | 1981-09-28 |
IN139791B (en) | 1976-07-31 |
CA1003231A (en) | 1977-01-11 |
DD116279A5 (en) | 1975-11-12 |
DK143718C (en) | 1982-03-15 |
DK331574A (en) | 1975-02-10 |
DE2429949A1 (en) | 1975-01-16 |
FI58192C (en) | 1980-12-10 |
NL7408165A (en) | 1974-12-24 |
FI58192B (en) | 1980-08-29 |
NO742241L (en) | 1975-01-20 |
SE389358B (en) | 1976-11-01 |
FI185774A (en) | 1974-12-22 |
FR2234427A1 (en) | 1975-01-17 |
NO146962C (en) | 1983-01-05 |
AU7077274A (en) | 1976-01-08 |
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