DK142140B

DK142140B - Crane in a ship's engine room.

Info

Publication number: DK142140B
Application number: DK328277AA
Authority: DK
Inventors: Poul Walter Brendorp; Knud Bernt Hasling
Original assignee: B & W Diesel As
Priority date: 1977-07-19
Filing date: 1977-07-19
Publication date: 1980-09-08
Also published as: NL7807680A; SE418278B; IE781345L; DE2829336A1; ES471864A1; YU172178A; IT1160427B; FI60690C; DK328277A; FR2398016A1; JPS5422650A; DE2829336C2; FI60690B; DK142140C; IT7868702A0; BE869051A; NO147481C; PL208498A1; FR2398016B1; GB2001291B

Description

U2U0U2U0

Opfindelsen angår en kran i et skibs maskinrum og af den art, hvor der findes et kranstel, der er kørbart på langsgående skinner ophængt under bjælker, som bærer et overliggende dæk i skibet, og en kørevogn, 5 som er kørbar på tværgående skinner i kranstellet, og som bærer en i et lodret plan svingbar udliggerarm med et fra udliggerarmens frie ende nedhængende løfteorgan .BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to a crane in a ship's engine room and of the kind in which there is a crane frame that can be mounted on longitudinal rails suspended under beams carrying an overboard deck in the ship, and a trolley which can be run on transverse rails in the crane frame. and carrying a vertical swivel arm with a lifting member suspended from the free end of the arm.

Fra USA-patentskrift nr. 2 846 081 kendes 10 en kran af denne art med en kørevogn, der er udført som en lukket ramme, og en udliggerarm, der er lejret på den ene tværgående rammeside og strækker sig under rammen ud forbi den modstående rammeside.US Patent No. 2,846,081 discloses a crane of this kind with a closed-car trolley and a boom mounted on one transverse frame side and extending below the frame beyond the opposite frame side .

Ved en sådan kran kommer det laveste punkt af 15 udliggerarmen, når denne befinder sig i sin laveste stilling, til at ligge relativt langt under kørevognens underkant, jo længere jo større armens maksimale udsvingsvinkel er.With such a crane, the lower point of the boom arm, when in its lowest position, will be relatively far below the bottom of the truck, the longer the larger the maximum swing angle of the arm.

Kranen ifølge opfindelsen adskiller 20 sig fra den kendte ved, at kørevognen i planbillede har U-form med to med kranstellets skinner parallelle ben og en forbindende travers, og at udliggerarmen strækker sig mellem kørevognens parallelle ben og er lejret på kørevognens travers med sin svingningsakse 25 vinkelret på vognens parallelle ben.The crane according to the invention differs from the known in that the flatbed carriage has a U-shape with two parallel legs with the rails of the crane frame and a connecting traverse, and that the boom arm extends between the parallel legs of the vehicle and is mounted on the traverse of the truck with its pivot axis 25 perpendicular to the carriage's parallel legs.

Herved opnås først og fremmest en betydelig forøget maksimal løftehøjde af kranens løfteorgan under snævre pladsforhold i lodret retning, som typisk forekommer i de såkaldte Ro-Ro fartøjer, hvor en lav 30 frihøjde over fremdrivningsmaskinen er væsentlig for opnåelse af et maksimalt nyttelastvolumen, samtidig med at de tværgående dæksbjælker, som bærer det overliggende vogndæk, skal være forholdsvis høje af hensyn til dæksbelastningen.Hereby, a significant increase in the maximum lift height of the crane lifting device is achieved, in narrow vertical conditions, typically occurring in the so-called Ro-Ro vessels, where a low ground clearance above the propulsion machine is essential for achieving a maximum payload volume. the transverse tire beams which carry the overlying car tire must be relatively high in view of the tire load.

35 Kørevognens udformning som en åben U-ramme med tværgående svingningsakse for udliggerarmen mulig- 142140 2 gør, at armen kan udføre sin svingningsbevægelse uhindret af rammeelementerne og derved specielt kan passere gennem rammens plan under svingningen mellem sine yderstillinger. I områderne mellem de tværgående dæks-5 bjælker er armens svingning opad kun begrænset af det overliggende dæk, og når kranstellet skal køre i skibets længderetning, kan armen svinges ned til en stilling, hvor den i sin helhed ligger mellem dæksbjælkernes underkant og underkanten af kørevognen, således at den ikke kolli-10 derer med hverken bjælkerne eller de højest opragende dele af motoren.The design of the trolley as an open U-frame with transverse pivot axis for the boom arm allows the arm to carry out its pivotal movement unobstructed by the frame members and thereby to pass specifically through the plane of the frame during the pivot between its outer positions. In the areas between the transverse deck-5 beams, the swing of the arm upwards is limited only by the overlying deck, and when the crane frame is to travel in the longitudinal direction of the ship, the arm can be swung down to a position where it lies entirely between the bottom of the deck beams and the bottom of the truck. so that it does not collide with neither the beams nor the highest projecting parts of the engine.

En yderligere fordel ved opfindelsen er, at man kan opnå en gunstig fordeling af de mellem kørevognen og dennes skinner virkende hjultryk, fold i udliggerar-15 mens frie ende, hvorfra løfteorganet hænger ned, kan placeres stort set i samme tværgående lodrette plan som kørevognens ene hjulsæt i modsætning til det før omtalte kendte arrangement, hvor afstanden fra armens frie ende til det nærmeste hjulsæt er betyde-20 lig og for en given maksimal løftehøjde må være større, jo mindre den frie højde under kørevognen er.A further advantage of the invention is that one can obtain a favorable distribution of the wheel pressure acting between the vehicle and its rails, fold in the free end of the boom, from which the lifting member hangs down, can be placed substantially in the same transverse vertical plane as the one of the truck. wheel set in contrast to the prior art arrangement in which the distance from the free end of the arm to the nearest wheel set is significant and for a given maximum lift height must be greater, the smaller the free height under the vehicle.

X en foretrukket udførelsesform for opfindelsen er en motordrevet tovtromle til optagelse af et løftetov, hvori løfteorganet er ophængt, lejret i fast 25 forbindelse med udliggerarmen, og armens svingningsakse er parallel med tromleaksen og beliggende uden for tromlen. Herved opnår man, at løftetovets indløbsvinkel på tromlen opretholdes uændret ved armens svingning, og at lejringspunkterne for armens 30 svingningsaksel på kørevognen kan anbringes med forholdsvis kort indbyrdes afstand, mindre end længden af tovtromlen og dennes drivmaskineri.X is a preferred embodiment of the invention is a motor driven rope drum for receiving a lifting rope in which the lifting member is suspended, mounted in fixed connection with the boom arm, and the pivot axis of the arm is parallel to the drum axis and located outside the drum. In this way, it is obtained that the inlet angle of the lifting rope on the drum is maintained unchanged by the swing of the arm, and that the bearing points of the swinging shaft of the arm 30 can be placed at a relatively short distance from each other, less than the length of the rope drum and its driving machine.

Udliggerarmens svingningsakse kan være beliggende bag tromleaksen set i forhold til armens frie en-35 de og højere end tromleaksen. Med denne relativt højtliggende placering af svingningsaksen opnås, at 142140 3 udliggerarmen i sin højeste stilling danner en forholdsvis lille vinkel med vandret, hvilket sikrer tilsvarende stor frigang i vandret retning mellem løfteorganet og armen, således at gods med ret stor dia-5 meter kan håndteres uden at støde mod udliggerarmen.The pivot axis of the boom may be located behind the drum axis relative to the free end of the arm and higher than the drum axis. With this relatively high position of the axis of oscillation, it is achieved that the boom arm in its highest position forms a relatively small angle with the horizontal, which ensures a correspondingly large clearance in the horizontal direction between the lifting member and the arm, so that goods with a fairly large diameter of 5 meters can be handled. without bumping against the boom.

Opfindelsen forklares i det følgende nærmere under henvisning til den noget skematiske tegning, på hvilken fig. 1 viser et tværsnit gennem maskinrummet i 10 et skib med en kran ifølge opfindelsen til udførelse af overhalingsarbejder på skibets motor, fig. 2 et lodret billede af selve kranen i større skala, og fig. 3 et planbillede af det i fig. 2 viste.The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the somewhat schematic drawing, in which FIG. 1 shows a cross-section through the engine room of a ship with a crane according to the invention for performing overhaul work on the ship's engine; FIG. 2 is a vertical view of the crane itself on a larger scale; and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the embodiment of FIG. 2.

15 I fig. 1 er skibets klædning antydet ved 1, ne dens 2 generelt betegner en dieselmotor monteret i maskinrummet 3, som foroven afgrænses af et vogndæk 4. Vogndækket er understøttet af tværgående bjælker 5 anbragt med en indbyrdes afstand i skibets læng-20 deretning, som helt eller med tilnærmelse er lig med motoren 2's cylinderafstand eller et multiplum heraf, således at de enkelte bjælker 5 ligger midt mellem to motorcylindre.In FIG. 1, the lining of the ship is indicated by 1, its 2 generally denoting a diesel engine mounted in the engine compartment 3, which is delimited at the top by a carriage deck 4. The carriage deck is supported by transverse beams 5 spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the ship as fully or with approximation equal to the cylinder distance of the engine 2 or a multiple thereof, so that the individual beams 5 lie in the middle between two engine cylinders.

Til undersiden af dæksbjælkerne 5 er fastgjort 25 to langsgående I-bjælker 6, der tjener som bære- og køreskinner for et generelt med 7 betegnet kranstel omfattende en rektangulær ramme med længdedragere 8 og tværdragere 9. Kranstellet bæres af kørehjul 10, som er lejret i dragerne 8, og forskydes i længde-30 retningen på skinnerne 6 ved hjælp af tandhjul, som drives af motorer 11 og indgriber i tandstænger på undersiden af skinnerne 6.To the underside of the deck beams 5 are attached two longitudinal I-beams 6, which serve as support and drive rails for a generally designated crane frame 7, comprising a rectangular frame with longitudinal supports 8 and transverse supports 9. The crane frame is supported by drive wheels 10, which are mounted in the rails 8 and are displaced longitudinally on the rails 6 by means of gears driven by motors 11 and engaging in rods on the underside of the rails 6.

Kranstellets tværdragere 9 tjener som bære-og køreskinner for en generelt med 12 betegnet 35 kørevogn, som har en U-formet ramme omfattende to parallelle ben 13, hvori vognens kørehjul 14 er lejret, samt en travers 15, der forbinder benene 13 4 M2U0 ved deres ene ende. Kørevognen bevæges langs tværdragerne 9 ved hjælp af en drivmotor 16, som trækker to tandhjul, der indgriber med tandstænger på undersiden af dragerne.The crane frame transverse supports 9 serve as supporting and driving rails for a generally designated 12 trolley, which has a U-shaped frame comprising two parallel legs 13 in which the trolley wheel 14 is mounted, and a traverse 15 connecting the legs 13 4 M2U0 at their one end. The trolley is moved along the transverse supports 9 by means of a drive motor 16, which pulls two gears that engage with the rods on the underside of the supports.

5 To konsoller 17 rager op fra traversen 15, og ved hjælp af vandrette, indbyrdes flugtende dreje-tappe 18 er et i det følgende nærmere beskrevet aggregat 19 svingbart lejret i de to konsoller.5 Two brackets 17 protrude from the traverse 15, and by means of horizontal, reciprocating pivot pins 18, an assembly 19 hereinafter described is pivotally mounted in the two brackets.

Aggregatet 19 indbefatter to lejehuse 20 og 21 for 10 kranens tovtromle 22 og dennes drivmotor, som kan være indbygget i selve tromlen, samt en vinkelret på drejningsaksen udragende udliggerarm 23, der som bedst vist i fig. 3 ved sin inderste ende er fastgjort til lejehusene 20 og 21. Fra tovtromlen 22 15 forløber kranens løftetov 24 over en lederulle 25, som er drejeligt lejret i armen 23 ved dennes frie ende, ned gennem en blok 26, hvori krankrogen 27 er monteret, og over endnu en lederulle 28 tilbage til armen 23, hvortil tovenden er fastgjort.The assembly 19 includes two bearing housings 20 and 21 for the crane's drum drum 22 and its drive motor, which may be built into the drum itself, as well as a projection arm 23 extending perpendicular to the axis of rotation, as best shown in FIG. 3 at its innermost end is secured to the bearing housings 20 and 21. From the rope drum 22 15, the crane lifting rope 24 extends over a guide roller 25, which is pivotally mounted in the arm 23 at its free end, down through a block 26 in which the crane hook 27 is mounted; and over yet another guide roller 28 back to the arm 23 to which the rope is attached.

20 En hydraulisk arbejdscylinder 29 er ved sin ene ende drejeligt fastgjort til kørevognen 12, medens den udragende ende af cylinderens stempelstang 30 er drejeligt fastgjort til et punkt af udliggerarmen 23 mellem dennes ender. Gennem et ikke vist 25 ventilarrangement fødes cylinderen 29 fra en oliepumpe 31, der sammen med sin drivmotor 32 er monteret på kørevognen 12. Ved hjælp af cylinderen 29 kan armen 23, hvorfra krankrogen 27 hænger ned, svinges mellem de to i fig. 2 viste yderstillin-30 ger, dvs. fra en vandret stilling, hvor armen og dermed også hele aggregatet 19 er fri af bjælkerne 5's underside, til en løftet stilling, hvor det øverste punkt af aggregatet 19 ligger umiddelbart under dækket 4.A hydraulic working cylinder 29 is pivotally attached at one end to the trolley 12, while the protruding end of the piston rod 30 of the cylinder is pivotally secured to a point by the boom arm 23 between its ends. Through a valve arrangement not shown, the cylinder 29 is fed from an oil pump 31, which, together with its drive motor 32, is mounted on the trolley 12. By means of the cylinder 29, the arm 23, from which the crane hook 27 hangs, can be pivoted between the two in FIG. 2, i.e. from a horizontal position where the arm and thus also the entire assembly 19 is free of the underside of the beams 5, to a raised position where the top of the assembly 19 lies immediately below the deck 4.

35 Det vil forstås, at den nævnte svingning af aggregatet 19 alternativt kunne udføres med en pneumatisk cylinder eller rent mekanisk.It will be appreciated that said oscillation of the assembly 19 could alternatively be performed with a pneumatic cylinder or purely mechanical.

55

U2UDU2UD

Med den beskrevne kran er det muligt at udføre overhalingsarbejder på motoren 2, specielt udtagning og indsætning af stempler og cylinderforinger, hvor den disponible løftehøjde under bjælkerne 5's 5 underkanter er utilstrækkelig til at frigøre de pågældende dele fra motoren. Til udførelse af en sådan overhalingsoperation køres kranstellet 7 først ved hjælp af motorerne 11 og med aggregatet 19 i vandret stilling hen over den pågældende motorcylinder, og 10 da dennes lodrette centerlinie som nævnt ovenfor ligger mellem to dæksbjælker 5, er det før eller efter anhugning af den pågældende motorkomponent muligt at svinge aggregatet 19 med udliggerarmen 23 til den i fig. 2 viste løftede stilling og derved opnå den 15 nødvendige forøgelse af løftehøjden, således at motorkomponenten kan udtages og derefter køres sidelæns bort fra motoren 2 ved tværforskydning af kørevog-nen 12 i kranstellet 7. Motorkomponenten kan derefter sænkes direkte ned på en arbejdsplads, som an-20 tydet til venstre i fig. 1, hvor et motorstempel 33 med tilhørende stempelstang 34 er sat ned i en rørformet holder 35 på et af dieselmotoren 2's gallerier. Alternativt kunne man efter tværforskydning af kørevognen 12 med den ophængte byrde sænke ag-25 gregatet 19 til vandret stilling, hvorefter man ved længdeforskydning af hele kranstellet 7 kan bringe byrden hen til et andet ønsket arbejdssted i afstand fra den pågældende motorcylinder.With the crane described, it is possible to carry out overhaul work on the motor 2, especially the removal and insertion of pistons and cylinder liners, where the available lifting height under the lower edges of the beams 5 is insufficient to release the relevant parts from the motor. For carrying out such an overhaul operation, the crane frame 7 is first driven by means of the motors 11 and with the assembly 19 in the horizontal position over the respective engine cylinder, and 10 as its vertical center line, as mentioned above, lies between two tire beams 5, it is before or after tapping the motor component in question possible to swing the assembly 19 with the boom arm 23 to that of FIG. 2, thereby achieving the necessary increase of the lift height so that the motor component can be removed and then moved sideways away from the motor 2 by transverse displacement of the trolley 12 in the crane frame 7. The motor component can then be lowered directly into a work place as -20 indicated on the left in FIG. 1, wherein a motor piston 33 with associated piston rod 34 is inserted into a tubular holder 35 on one of the galleries of the diesel engine 2. Alternatively, after transverse displacement of the trolley 12 with the suspended load, the assembly 19 could be lowered to a horizontal position, after which, by longitudinal displacement of the entire crane frame 7, the load can be moved to another desired working distance away from the relevant engine cylinder.

En sikringsmekanisme til at forebygge, at kra-30 nen ved kørsel langs skinnerne 6 støder mod en dæksbjælke 5, kan indbefatte en i kørevognen 12 monteret kontakt, som aktiveres af aggregatet 19 og ved løftet arm 23 afbryder strømtilførslen til motorerne 11, i det mindste hvis aggregatet 19 be-35 finder sig i farlig nærhed af en bjælke 5. Det kan også være formålstjenligt at indbygge en sikrings-A safety mechanism for preventing the crane from traveling along the rails 6 against a tire beam 5 may include a contact mounted in the trolley 12 which is activated by the assembly 19 and at the raised arm 23 interrupts the power supply to the motors 11, at least if the unit 19 is located 35 in dangerously close proximity to a beam 5. It may also be useful to incorporate a securing device.

Claims

142140 mechanism which allows lifting of the assembly 19 only when it is at a safe distance from a beam 5. The rope drum or, alternatively, a waist may be located at or near the free end of the pivotal arm. The latter variant reduces the width of the lower end of the pivotal assembly, thereby allowing operation of the crane closer to a tire bar when the arm is raised.

10 The crane can have two swivel arms, each with its own waist or rope drum. The arms may be arranged to be used individually or interconnected, e.g. for the purpose of lifting a piston by means of a tester which attacks under the piston skirt and is carried by two hooks suspended from each arm. It will also be understood that the drive motors for the crane frame and the trolley may be hydraulic motors instead of electric motors as shown.

A crane in a ship's engine room and of the type in which there is a crane frame (7) that can be mounted on longitudinal rails (6) suspended under beams (5) carrying an overlying deck (4) in the ship, and a a trolley (12) operable on transverse rails (9) in the crane frame and carrying a vertical swinging arm (23) with a lifting member (27) suspended from the free end of the boom, characterized in that the trolley (12) in plan view has a U-shape with two parallel legs (13) with rails (7) of rails (9) and a connecting traverse (15), and that the boom (23) extends between the parallel legs (13 of the trolley) ) and is mounted on the traverse (15) of the carriage (12) with its pivot axis (18, 18) perpendicular to the parallel leg (13) of the carriage.