DE944130C - Process for the preparation of quaternary ammonium compounds - Google Patents

Process for the preparation of quaternary ammonium compounds

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Publication number
DE944130C
DE944130C DEB29677A DEB0029677A DE944130C DE 944130 C DE944130 C DE 944130C DE B29677 A DEB29677 A DE B29677A DE B0029677 A DEB0029677 A DE B0029677A DE 944130 C DE944130 C DE 944130C
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Germany
Prior art keywords
parts
quaternary ammonium
ammonium compounds
preparation
formaldehyde
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Expired
Application number
DEB29677A
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German (de)
Inventor
Dr Ernst Ploetz
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BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
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Publication date
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Priority to DEB29677A priority Critical patent/DE944130C/en
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Publication of DE944130C publication Critical patent/DE944130C/en
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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/06Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/16Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom containing only one pyridine ring
    • C07D213/20Quaternary compounds thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C233/00Carboxylic acid amides
    • C07C233/89Carboxylic acid amides having nitrogen atoms of carboxamide groups quaternised

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung quaternärer Ammoniumverbindungen. Es wurde gefunden, daß man quaternäre Ammoniumverbindungen der allgemeinen Formel in der R, einen vorzugsweise höhermolekularen Alkylrest und R, einen Alkyl-, Aralkyl- oder Arylrest, Z eine die dargestellte Methylengruppe enthaltende quaternäre Ammoniumgruppe und X Halogen bedeutet, in einfacher Weise dadurch gewinnen kann, daB man auf Kondensationsprodukte von Formaldehyd mit primären Aminen Fettsäurehalogenide und tertiäre Amine einwirken läßt. Bei den Einwirkungsprodukten des Formaldehyds auf primäre Amine handelt es sich wahrscheinlich um am Stickstoff trisubstituierte Hexahydrotriazine. Die Bildung der quaternären Ammoniumverbindungen lä$t sich dann z. B. im Falle der Verwen- Jung von Triäthylamin als tertiäres Amin wie folgt formulieren: wobei R1, R2 und X die oben angegebene Bedeutung haben.Process for the preparation of quaternary ammonium compounds. It has been found that quaternary ammonium compounds of the general formula in which R, a preferably higher molecular weight alkyl radical and R, an alkyl, aralkyl or aryl radical, Z is a quaternary ammonium group containing the methylene group shown and X is halogen, can be obtained in a simple manner by using fatty acid halides on condensation products of formaldehyde with primary amines and allows tertiary amines to act. The products of the action of formaldehyde on primary amines are probably hexahydrotriazines trisubstituted on the nitrogen. The formation of the quaternary ammonium compounds can then be z. B. in the case of using Jung formulate triethylamine as the tertiary amine as follows: where R1, R2 and X have the meaning given above.

Die Kondensationsprodukte aus Formaldehyd und primären Aminen lassen sich durch Umsetzung äquimolekularer Mengen der Komponenten sehr einfach gewinnen. Als hierfür geeignete primäre Amine seien beispielsweise genannt Methyl-; Äthyl-, Propyl-, Butyl-, Dodecyl-, Cyclohexylamin oder Anilin. Es ist auch möglich, Umsetzungsprodukte von solchen primären Aminen zu verwenden, die noch Substituenten tragen, welche mit Säurechloriden keine Reaktionen eingehen.Let the condensation products of formaldehyde and primary amines can be obtained very easily by converting equimolecular amounts of the components. Primary amines suitable for this purpose include, for example, methyl-; Ethyl-, Propyl, butyl, dodecyl, cyclohexylamine or aniline. It is also possible to use reaction products to use of those primary amines that still carry substituents, which do not react with acid chlorides.

Als Fettsäurehalogenide, die sich für diese Umsetzung eignen, seien beispielsweise genannt Buttersäure-, Laurin-, Myristin-, L51- oder Stearinsäurechlorid oder -broinid. Man kann auch Gemische von Fettsäurehalogeniden verwenden. Als tertiäre Amine kommen beispielsweise in Betracht Trimethyl-, Dimethyläthyl-, Triäthyl-, Dimethyldodecyl- und Dimethylcyclohexylamin, N-Methylmprpholin oder -pyrrolidin, N, N'-Dimethylpiperazin, Pyridin, Athylimidazol oder Viruylimidazol.Fatty acid halides that are suitable for this reaction are for example called butyric acid, lauric, myristic, L51 or stearic acid chloride or broinid. Mixtures of fatty acid halides can also be used. As a tertiary Amines come into consideration, for example, trimethyl, dimethylethyl, triethyl, dimethyldodecyl and dimethylcyclohexylamine, N-methylmprpholine or -pyrrolidine, N, N'-dimethylpiperazine, Pyridine, ethylimidazole or viruylimidazole.

Die Reaktion erfolgt beim Zugeben der Komponenten unter Wärmeentwicklung und wird zweckmäßig durch Kühlung geregelt. Sie kann in An-oder Abwesenheit indifferenter Lösungsmittel; wie Aceton, Chloroform, Benzol, Dimethylformamid, Methylpyrrolidon, Butyrolacton, durchgeführt werden. Wasser bzw. Lösungsmittel, die Gruppen enthalten, welche mit Fettsäurechloriden reagieren können, müssen ausgeschlossen werden. Bei der Reihenfolge der Zugabe der Einzelkomponenten ist darauf zu achten, daß bei Verwendung tertiärer Amine, die unter Halogenwasserstoffabspaltung mit Fettsäurehalogeniden reagieren können, diese nur in Gegenwart der Formaldehydkondensationsprodukte mit den tertiären Aminen zusammentreffen. Sonst ist die Reihenfolge der Zugabe beliebig. Der bei den jeweils angewandten Komponenten günstigste Weg kann durch Vorversuche leicht ermittelt werden.The reaction takes place with the development of heat when the components are added and is expediently regulated by cooling. It can be more indifferent in the presence or absence Solvent; such as acetone, chloroform, benzene, dimethylformamide, methylpyrrolidone, Butyrolactone. Water or solvents that contain groups, which can react with fatty acid chlorides must be excluded. at the order in which the individual components are added, care must be taken that when using tertiary amines, which split off hydrogen halides with fatty acid halides can react, these only in the presence of the formaldehyde condensation products meet the tertiary amines. Otherwise the order of addition is arbitrary. The most favorable way for the components used in each case can be determined by means of preliminary tests can be easily determined.

Die drei Reaktionskomponenten werden zweckmäßig in solchen Mengenverhältnissen angewendet, die dem obigen Reaktionsschema entsprechen. Falls das tertiäre Amin wasserlöslich ist, kann es auch im überschuB verwendet werden. In manchen Fällen empfiehlt sich ein Zusatz geringer Mengen von Formaldehyd oder Formaldehydkondensationsprodukten, wie Dimethylolharnstoff oder Tetrarüerhylolacetylend'iharnstoff, wobei man oft besser lösliche Produkte erhält. Die nach dem geschilderten Verfahren erhältlichen quaternären Acyl:amirnometahylenammoniumverbindungen sindjenach denAusgangsmaterialien zähe, dickflüssige Massen bis feste Produkte, die in Wasser gut löslich oder leicht verteilbar sind. Sie lassen sich als Textilhilfsmittel, insbesondere als Weichmachungs- und Hydrophobierungsmittel, verwenden.The three reactants are expedient in such proportions which correspond to the reaction scheme above. If the tertiary amine is water-soluble, it can also be used in excess. In some cases We recommend adding small amounts of formaldehyde or formaldehyde condensation products, like Dimethylolurea or Tetrarüerhylolacetylend'iharnstoff, whereby one is often better receives soluble products. The quaternary which can be obtained by the process described Acyl: amirnometahylenammoniumverbindungen are tough, depending on the starting materials, viscous masses to solid products that are easily soluble or easily distributed in water are. They can be used as textile auxiliaries, especially as softeners and Use water repellants.

Die in den Beispielen angegebenen Teile sind Gewichtsteile. Beispiel i i4o Teile Stearinsäurechlorid -lä$t man bei etwa 40° zu 22 Teilen N, N', N"-Tributylhexahydrotriazin zutropfen. 7o Teile des erhaltenen Umsetzungsproduktes gibt man langsam zu 25 Teilen Pyridin, wobei die Temperatur 5o° nicht .überschreiten soll. Bei der Zugabe des Pyridins wird das Produkt immer viskoser. Nach 1/2stündigem Nachruhren ist die Umsetzung beendet. Das Reaktionsprodukt erstarrt zu einer hellfarbigen Masse, die sich in Wasser gut verteilen läßt und hauptsächlich aus N-Stearol-N-butylaminomethylpyridiniumchlorid besteht. Beispie12 76 Teile des nach Beispiel i erhaltenen Umsetzungsproduktes aus Stearinsäurechlorid und N, N', N"-Tributylhexahydrotriazin läBt man bei einer Temperatur bis zu 6o° zu 35 Teilen Triäthylamin zutropfen. Man erhält eine in Wasser gut verteilbare quaternäre Ammoniumverbindung als hellgefärbte feste Masse. Beispiel 3 Zu einer Mischung aus 45 Teilen N, N', N"-Tributylhexahydrotriazin, 65 Teilen Dimethylcyclohexylamin und ' i Teil Paraformaldehyd läBt man i io Teile Laurinsäurechlorid bei 4o° zutropfen. Nach vollendetem Zulauf rührt man noch 1/z Stunde nach. Die quaternäre Ammoniumverbindung fällt nach dem Erkalten als feste, farblose, wachsartige Masse an, die sich in .4o bis 50° warmem Wasser leicht löst. Beispie14 Zu i4o Teilen Ölsäurechlorid und i Teil Paraformaldehyd läßt man23 Teile N, N', N"-Trimethylhexahydrotriazin bei 35 bis 45° zutropfen. Die so erhaltene ziemlich .zähflüssige Masse gibt man in kleinen Portionen zu einer Lösung von -2o Teilen Tetramethylolacetylendiharnstoff in 6o Teilen Pyridin, wobei man die Temperatur bei etwa 65' hält. Das erhaltene Umsetzungsprodukt ist in Wasser von 6o° praktisch klar löslich.The parts given in the examples are parts by weight. EXAMPLE 14o parts of stearic acid chloride are added dropwise at about 40 ° to 22 parts of N, N ', N "-tributylhexahydrotriazine. 70 parts of the reaction product obtained are slowly added to 25 parts of pyridine, the temperature not exceeding 50 ° When the pyridine is added, the product becomes more and more viscous. After stirring for 1/2 hour, the reaction is complete. The reaction product solidifies to a light-colored mass that can be easily distributed in water and consists mainly of N-stearol-N-butylaminomethylpyridinium chloride 76 parts of the reaction product obtained according to Example i of stearic acid chloride and N, N ', N "-tributylhexahydrotriazine are allowed to add dropwise to 35 parts of triethylamine at a temperature of up to 60 °. A quaternary ammonium compound which is readily dispersible in water is obtained as a light-colored solid mass. EXAMPLE 3 10 parts of lauric acid chloride are added dropwise at 40 ° to a mixture of 45 parts of N, N ', N "-tributylhexahydrotriazine, 65 parts of dimethylcyclohexylamine and 1 part of paraformaldehyde. When the feed is complete, the mixture is stirred for a further 1/2 hour After cooling, the quaternary ammonium compound is obtained as a solid, colorless, waxy mass which dissolves easily in water at 40 ° to 50 ° C. Example 23 parts of N, N ', N "-trimethylhexahydrotriazine are added to 14o parts of oleic acid chloride and 1 part of paraformaldehyde Add dropwise at 35 to 45 °. The relatively viscous mass thus obtained is added in small portions to a solution of -2o parts of tetramethylolacetylenediurea in 60 parts of pyridine, the temperature being kept at about 65 ' . The reaction product obtained is practically clearly soluble in water at 60 °.

Beispiel s Zu einer Mischung -aus 14o Teilen Stearinsäurechlorid, io Teilen Paraformaldehyd und 7o Teilen Dimethylformamid läßt man eine Lösung von 45 Teilen N, N' N"-Tributylhexahydrotriazin in 22 Teilen Dimethylformamid zutropfen, wobei die Temperatur bei etwa 4o° gehalten wird. Dieses Umsetzungsprodukt wird bei der gleichen Temperatur in mehreren Portionen zu einer Mischung aus 45 Teilen Pyridin und 23 Teilen Dimethylformamid gegeben. Das hellfarbige quaternäre Ammoniumsalz erstarrt zu einer weichen Paste,- die in Wasser nahezu klar löslich ist.Example s To a mixture of 14o parts of stearic acid chloride, 10 parts of paraformaldehyde and 70 parts of dimethylformamide are allowed to form a solution of 45 parts of N, N 'N "-tributylhexahydrotriazine in 22 parts of dimethylformamide are added dropwise, keeping the temperature at about 40 °. This conversion product is at the same temperature in several portions to a mixture of 45 parts of pyridine and 23 parts of dimethylformamide. The light colored quaternary ammonium salt solidifies to a soft paste - which is almost clearly soluble in water.

Claims (2)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: i. Verfahren zur Herstellung quaternärer Ammoniumverbindungen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man -auf Kondensationsprodukte von Formaldehyd mit primären Aminen Fettsäurehalogenide und tertiäre Amine einwirken läßt. PATENT CLAIMS: i. Process for the preparation of quaternary ammonium compounds, characterized in that fatty acid halides and tertiary amines are allowed to act on condensation products of formaldehyde with primary amines. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch i, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß, man die Umsetzung in Gegenwart geringer Mengen von Formaldehyd, Paraformaldehyd oder Formaldehydkondensationsprodukten ausführt.2. Procedure according to Claim i, characterized in that the reaction is lower in the presence Amounts of formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde or formaldehyde condensation products.
DEB29677A 1954-02-14 1954-02-14 Process for the preparation of quaternary ammonium compounds Expired DE944130C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB29677A DE944130C (en) 1954-02-14 1954-02-14 Process for the preparation of quaternary ammonium compounds

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB29677A DE944130C (en) 1954-02-14 1954-02-14 Process for the preparation of quaternary ammonium compounds

Publications (1)

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DE944130C true DE944130C (en) 1956-06-07

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DEB29677A Expired DE944130C (en) 1954-02-14 1954-02-14 Process for the preparation of quaternary ammonium compounds

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