DE902427C - Process for the production of strong, washable, fabric-like, felted fabrics from cellulose fibers without spinning and weaving - Google Patents
Process for the production of strong, washable, fabric-like, felted fabrics from cellulose fibers without spinning and weavingInfo
- Publication number
- DE902427C DE902427C DEP18054D DEP0018054D DE902427C DE 902427 C DE902427 C DE 902427C DE P18054 D DEP18054 D DE P18054D DE P0018054 D DEP0018054 D DE P0018054D DE 902427 C DE902427 C DE 902427C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- fabric
- spinning
- weaving
- washable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 title claims 2
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009950 felting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920000298 Cellophane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/425—Cellulose series
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/425—Cellulose series
- D04H1/4258—Regenerated cellulose series
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Description
(WiGBl. S. 175)(WiGBl. P. 175)
AUSGEGEBEN AM 4. APRIL 1955ISSUED APRIL 4, 1955
p 18054 IVc129b Dp 18054 IVc129b D
Für den textlien Einsatz, für Verpackung, Isolierung und viele andere Verwendungszwecke werden geeignete Fasern gewöhnlich versponnen und verwebt. Das stellt an das Fasermaterial bestimmte Anforderungen und verursacht hohe Kosten. Ohne Spinnen und Weben werden unter dem Handelsnamen »Cellophan« bekannte und andereKunstfolien aus Celluloselösungen, z. B. durch Gießen von Flächen hergestellt. Ähnliche Gebilde erzielt man durch Gelatinieren vom Baumwollfasern, z. B. in Form eines Krempelbandes, indem man solche vorzugsweise mit konzentrierter Schwefelsäure, aber auch mit Zinkchlorid oder Natronlauge behandelt. Die Wirkung ist hier ungefähr dieselbe wie bei dem bekannten Pergamentieren von Baumwollgeweben oder bei der Herstellung von Glasbattist aus solchen. In neuester Zeit schließlich werden Faserstoffe auch mittels Kunststoffen, insbesondere Kunstharzen, erzeugt, indem man sowohl Baumwollals auch Viscosefasern miteinander verklebt und so zu gewebeähnlichen Gebilden macht.For textile use, packaging, insulation and many other uses, suitable fibers are commonly spun and interwoven. This places certain demands on the fiber material and causes high costs. Without spinning and weaving, known and other art foils are known under the trade name »cellophane« from cellulose solutions, e.g. B. made by casting surfaces. Achieved similar structures by gelatinizing cotton fibers, e.g. B. in the form of a carding belt by placing such preferably treated with concentrated sulfuric acid, but also with zinc chloride or sodium hydroxide solution. The effect here is roughly the same as with the well-known parchment of cotton fabrics or in the manufacture of glass battist from such. In recent times, finally, will Fibers also produced by means of plastics, in particular synthetic resins, by using both cotton and Viscose fibers are also glued together and thus made into fabric-like structures.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß man aus Kunstfasern auf Cellulosebasis, beispielsweise aus Viscosefasern, allein oder in Mischung mit Naturfasern, wie Baumwolle od. dgl., aber auch Kammabfällen von der Spinnerei oder mit Reißprodukten solcher Gewebe durch das nachstehend beschriebene Verfahren gewebeähnliche, verfilzte Stoffe unter Umgehung des Spinn- und Webeprozesses herstellen kann. Es bestehen dabei zwei Möglichkeiten.It has now been found that from synthetic fibers based on cellulose, for example from viscose fibers, alone or in a mixture with natural fibers such as cotton or the like, but also comb waste from spinning or with torn products of such fabrics by the process described below Manufacture fabric-like, matted fabrics bypassing the spinning and weaving process can. There are two options.
Nach der einen Anwendungsweise wird das Fasermaterial z. B. durch Krempelvorrichtungen in ein trockenes Vlies verwandelt, wobei man die Fasern durch bekannte Maßnahmen zum Teil in Querlage bringen kann. Dieses Vlies wird über ein Laufband, das endlos angeordnet sein mag, durch ein Lauge-After one application, the fiber material is z. B. by carding devices in a transformed into dry fleece, whereby the fibers are partly in a transverse position by known measures can bring. This fleece is carried over a conveyor belt, which may be arranged endlessly, through a lye
bad von 5 bis 15% NaOH bei Temperaturen von — 5 bis + 150 und mehr geführt, wobei eine Faserverfestigung durch eine Art Verfilzung, kurz Verschmelzung der Fasern genannt, eintritt.bath of 5 to 15% NaOH at temperatures of -5 to + 15 0 and more, with fiber consolidation by a kind of felting, known for short as fusion of the fibers, occurs.
Nach der zweiten Arbeitsweise werden Stapelfasern durch Aufschlämmen in Wasser oder einer schwach alkalischen Lösung in Form eines nassen Vlieses gebracht und als solches durch das Laugebad geleitet. Zum Aufschlämmen wählt man eine Alkalität nicht höher als 4 bis 5% NaOH. In der Verfilzungsflotte muß die Laugekonzentration etwa 2 bis 3% höher sein als beim Verarbeiten von Trockenvlies, wenn die Verfestigung in der gleichen Zeit wie dort eintreten soll. Zweckmäßig findet vor der Verfilzung des nassen Vlieses ein Abquetschen statt.According to the second procedure, staple fibers are made by slurrying in water or a weakly alkaline solution brought in the form of a wet fleece and as such through the lye bath directed. An alkalinity no higher than 4 to 5% NaOH is chosen for slurrying. In the Matting liquor, the alkali concentration must be about 2 to 3% higher than when processing Dry fleece, if the solidification is to occur in the same time as there. Appropriately takes place the matting of the wet fleece is squeezed off.
Das Ausmaß der »Verschmelzung« hängt von Konzentration und Temperatur der Lauge und der Dauer der Behandlung ab. Diese schwankt und liegt bei den oben angegebenen Bedingungen zwischen ι und V2 Minute. Es ist vorteilhaft, das Vlies zwischen zwei Laufbändern aus feinmaschigen Netzen zu führen. Neben einer sicheren Führung des in der Lauge gequollenen und dadurch glatten Materials erreicht man dabei durch einen leichten Druck während oder am Ende der Behandlung eine Oberflächenmusterung oder Strukturbildung der Masse, die ihr im fertigen Zustand ein gewebeähnliches Aussehen geben. Im übrigen können auch Absaugvorrichtungen, wie sie bei der Papierherstellung benutzt werden, zur Bildung und Verarbeitung des Vlieses angewendet werden.The extent of the "fusion" depends on the concentration and temperature of the lye and the Duration of treatment. This fluctuates and is between the conditions given above ι and V2 minutes. It is advantageous to fine-mesh the fleece between two treadmills To lead networks. In addition to a safe guidance of the swollen in the lye and thus smooth Materials can be reached by applying light pressure during or at the end of the treatment Surface patterning or structure formation of the mass, which gives it a tissue-like appearance in the finished state Give appearance. In addition, suction devices such as those used in paper manufacture can also be used can be used to form and process the fleece.
Auf den Umschmelzvorgang folgt ein Absäuern, z. B. mit 2°/oiger Schwefelsäure, gegebenenfalls mit zwischengeschaltetem Waschen, um einen Teil des Alkalis wiederzugewinnen und Säure zu sparen. Nach Auswaschen der Säure wird getrocknet. Bis dahin sind seit Einsatz der Fasern in einer kontinuierlich arbeitenden Anlage nur wenige Minuten verstrichen.The remelting process is followed by acidification, e.g. B. with 2% sulfuric acid, optionally with intermediate washing to recover some of the alkali and save acid. After washing out the acid, it is dried. Until then, the fibers have been used in a continuous manner working system only a few minutes passed.
Mögliche Variationen: Das Prägen einer Oberflächenstruktur kann anstatt zwischen Netzen während der Verfilzung auch gegen deren Ende oder zu Beginn des Absäuerns durch besondere Präge,-walzen geschehen. Auch kann man das Material während des Arbeitsganges beliebig - färben·, und durch Zugabe von Weichmachern im Griff einstellen. Possible variations: The embossing a surface structure, instead of between networks during the felting against the end or at the beginning Acid washing through Customized embossing re - done rollers. The material can also be colored in any way you like during the process, and the handle can be adjusted by adding plasticizers.
Beim Einsatz von Trockenvlies steht auch nichts im Wege, dieses vor der Einführung in die Lauge durch Zugabe geringer Mengen von verklebend wirkenden Fremdstoffen, etwa durch Ein- oder Aufstäuben, zu verfestigen. Hierfür kommen entweder direkt verklebende Stoffe, wie leim- und harzartige Körper, in Betracht oder, beispielsweise auch feinverteilte Viscoselösungen, aus denen beim späteren Absäuern der Zellstoff ausgefällt wird, der dem fertigen Stoff eine gewisse Fälligkeit verleiht.When using dry fleece, nothing stands in the way of introducing it into the lye by adding small amounts of foreign substances that have a sticky effect, for example by dusting or dusting, to solidify. For this purpose either directly adhesive materials such as glue or resin-like are used Body, under consideration or, for example, also finely divided Viscose solutions, from which the pulp is precipitated during the later acidification, which is the gives a certain due date to finished fabric.
Beispiel ιExample ι
Ein Krempelband aus Kammabfällen vonKupfer- und Viscosestapelfasern in Mischung mit 40% Baumwollabfällen wird auf einem Laufband mit einer Verweilzeit von etwa V2 Minute durch eine gebrauchte Lauge von" 8% NaOH bei io° oder durch Frischlauge von 7% NaOH bei 200 geführt. Gegen Ende des Verfilzungsvorganges wird zwischen glatten Walzen abgepreßt, darauf folgt Absäuern, Nachwaschen und Trocknen. Der fertige Stoff kann gefärbt, bedruckt und gewaschen werden.A carding strip of comb waste vonKupfer- and viscose staple fibers in a mixture with 40% cotton wastes is performed on a treadmill with a residence time of about V2 minute through a used liquor from "8% NaOH at io ° or by fresh liquor from 7% NaOH at 20 0th counter At the end of the felting process, it is pressed between smooth rollers, followed by acidification, rewashing and drying.The finished fabric can be dyed, printed and washed.
Bei spie 1 2At game 1 2
Behandlung wie bei 1, wobei das Vlies zwischen zwei netzartigen Laufbändern durch das Laugebad geführt wird, die gegen das Ende hin einen leichten Druck erfahren, um auf den Oberflächen ein Strukturbild zu erzeugen. Der fertige Stoff zeigt eine waschbeständige Musterung.Treatment as in 1, with the fleece between two net-like treadmills through the caustic bath which experience a slight pressure towards the end to create a structure on the surfaces to create. The finished fabric shows a washable pattern.
An Stelle des trockenen Vlieses wird eine Faseraufschlämmung in einer 4- bis 5°/oigen Laugelösung in dünner Schicht auf das Laufband gebracht und mit diesem durch I2%ige NaOH-Lauge geführt. Weiterbehandlung wie oben. Um gefärbtes Material zu erhalten, wird zwischen Absäuern und Nachwaschen eine Färbeflotte eingeschaltet.Instead of the dry fleece, a fiber slurry in a 4 to 5% caustic solution is used placed in a thin layer on the treadmill and guided with this through I2% NaOH lye. Further treatment as above. In order to obtain colored material, acidification and After washing a dye liquor switched on.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP18054D DE902427C (en) | 1948-10-12 | 1948-10-13 | Process for the production of strong, washable, fabric-like, felted fabrics from cellulose fibers without spinning and weaving |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE698123X | 1948-10-12 | ||
| DEP18054D DE902427C (en) | 1948-10-12 | 1948-10-13 | Process for the production of strong, washable, fabric-like, felted fabrics from cellulose fibers without spinning and weaving |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE902427C true DE902427C (en) | 1955-04-04 |
Family
ID=25946467
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP18054D Expired DE902427C (en) | 1948-10-12 | 1948-10-13 | Process for the production of strong, washable, fabric-like, felted fabrics from cellulose fibers without spinning and weaving |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE902427C (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1068117B (en) * | 1956-07-07 | 1959-10-29 | ||
| DE1088016B (en) * | 1957-11-25 | 1960-09-01 | Freudenberg Carl Fa | Process for the production of binder-free nonwovens |
| DE1161384B (en) * | 1957-05-11 | 1964-01-16 | Lohmann K G | Metallized absorbent dressing material for wound treatment |
| WO1998038373A1 (en) * | 1997-02-25 | 1998-09-03 | Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft | Method for producing a reinforced fiber composite |
| DE102016205954A1 (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2017-11-02 | Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg -Körperschaft Des Öffentlichen Rechts- | Method and plant for producing a flat impregnated pulp product |
| US10011931B2 (en) | 2014-10-06 | 2018-07-03 | Natural Fiber Welding, Inc. | Methods, processes, and apparatuses for producing dyed and welded substrates |
| US10982381B2 (en) | 2014-10-06 | 2021-04-20 | Natural Fiber Welding, Inc. | Methods, processes, and apparatuses for producing welded substrates |
| US11085133B2 (en) | 2016-05-03 | 2021-08-10 | Natural Fiber Welding, Inc. | Methods, processes, and apparatuses for producing dyed and welded substrates |
| US11766835B2 (en) | 2016-03-25 | 2023-09-26 | Natural Fiber Welding, Inc. | Methods, processes, and apparatuses for producing welded substrates |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE112773C (en) * | ||||
| DE572643C (en) * | 1928-04-08 | 1933-03-25 | Raduner & Co Akt Ges | Process for converting products with a mesh structure made of cellulose and regenerated cellulose into fabric-like products |
| DE587886C (en) * | 1931-01-23 | 1933-11-09 | Friedrich Carl Jaeger | Process for the production of multi-layer textile fabrics from vegetable fibers |
| DE748154C (en) * | 1937-10-05 | 1944-10-27 | Heberlein & Co Ag | Process for the production of linen-like effects on threads or fabrics made of hydrate cellulose wool |
-
1948
- 1948-10-13 DE DEP18054D patent/DE902427C/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE112773C (en) * | ||||
| DE572643C (en) * | 1928-04-08 | 1933-03-25 | Raduner & Co Akt Ges | Process for converting products with a mesh structure made of cellulose and regenerated cellulose into fabric-like products |
| DE587886C (en) * | 1931-01-23 | 1933-11-09 | Friedrich Carl Jaeger | Process for the production of multi-layer textile fabrics from vegetable fibers |
| DE748154C (en) * | 1937-10-05 | 1944-10-27 | Heberlein & Co Ag | Process for the production of linen-like effects on threads or fabrics made of hydrate cellulose wool |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1068117B (en) * | 1956-07-07 | 1959-10-29 | ||
| DE1161384B (en) * | 1957-05-11 | 1964-01-16 | Lohmann K G | Metallized absorbent dressing material for wound treatment |
| DE1088016B (en) * | 1957-11-25 | 1960-09-01 | Freudenberg Carl Fa | Process for the production of binder-free nonwovens |
| WO1998038373A1 (en) * | 1997-02-25 | 1998-09-03 | Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft | Method for producing a reinforced fiber composite |
| AU727252B2 (en) * | 1997-02-25 | 2000-12-07 | Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft | Process for producing a strengthened fiber assembly |
| US10011931B2 (en) | 2014-10-06 | 2018-07-03 | Natural Fiber Welding, Inc. | Methods, processes, and apparatuses for producing dyed and welded substrates |
| US10982381B2 (en) | 2014-10-06 | 2021-04-20 | Natural Fiber Welding, Inc. | Methods, processes, and apparatuses for producing welded substrates |
| US11555263B2 (en) | 2014-10-06 | 2023-01-17 | Natural Fiber Welding, Inc. | Methods, processes, and apparatuses for producing dyed and welded substrates |
| US12091815B2 (en) | 2014-10-06 | 2024-09-17 | Natural Fiber Welding, Inc. | Methods, processes, and apparatuses for producing welded substrates |
| US11766835B2 (en) | 2016-03-25 | 2023-09-26 | Natural Fiber Welding, Inc. | Methods, processes, and apparatuses for producing welded substrates |
| DE102016205954A1 (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2017-11-02 | Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg -Körperschaft Des Öffentlichen Rechts- | Method and plant for producing a flat impregnated pulp product |
| US11085133B2 (en) | 2016-05-03 | 2021-08-10 | Natural Fiber Welding, Inc. | Methods, processes, and apparatuses for producing dyed and welded substrates |
| US11920263B2 (en) | 2016-05-03 | 2024-03-05 | Natural Fiber Welding, Inc. | Methods, processes, and apparatuses for producing dyed and welded substrates |
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