AU727252B2 - Process for producing a strengthened fiber assembly - Google Patents

Process for producing a strengthened fiber assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
AU727252B2
AU727252B2 AU62001/98A AU6200198A AU727252B2 AU 727252 B2 AU727252 B2 AU 727252B2 AU 62001/98 A AU62001/98 A AU 62001/98A AU 6200198 A AU6200198 A AU 6200198A AU 727252 B2 AU727252 B2 AU 727252B2
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AU
Australia
Prior art keywords
fiber assembly
nmmo
cellulose
aqueous
solution
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Ceased
Application number
AU62001/98A
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AU6200198A (en
Inventor
Siegfried Ambrosch
Heinrich Firgo
Raimund Jurkovic
Hartmut Ruf
Christian Schlossnikl
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Lenzing AG
Original Assignee
Lenzing AG
Chemiefaser Lenzing AG
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Publication date
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Publication of AU6200198A publication Critical patent/AU6200198A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of AU727252B2 publication Critical patent/AU727252B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/587—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives characterised by the bonding agents used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/425—Cellulose series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
    • D04H1/645—Impregnation followed by a solidification process
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/388—Amine oxides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D06M23/10—Processes in which the treating agent is dissolved or dispersed in organic solvents; Processes for the recovery of organic solvents thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
    • D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a reinforced fiber composite which contains cellulosic fibers, the cellulose being present in the crystalline structure cellulose II, by bringing said fiber composite into contact with an aqueous solution of N-methylmorpholin-N-oxide (NMMO) at an elevated temperature and subsequently washing said fiber composite. Said method is characterized in that the fiber composite is brought into contact with the aqueous solution in such a way that the reationship -947 + 0.30xlog(10)t + 0.046xT - 3.53xC + 645xlog(10)C where t is the time in minutes during which the fiber composite is kept in contact with the aqueous NMMO solution, T is the temperature of the aqueous NMMO solution in DEG C and C is the concentration of the NMMO in % mass in relation to the aqueous NMMO solution, gives a figure in the region of 0.30 and 1.70 on the condition that the temperature T is less than 130 DEG C and the concentration C lies in the region of 70 to 84 % mass.

Description

WO 98/38373 PCT/AT98/00040 Process for Producing a Strengthened Fiber Assembly The present invention relates to a process for producing a strengthened fiber assembly containing cellulosic fibers with the cellulose being present in the crystalline structure of cellulose II, by contacting the fiber assembly with an aqueous solution ofNmethylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) at elevated temperature and subsequently washing the fiber assembly.
For the purposes of this description and the annexed claims, the expression ,,fiber assembly" is to denote any kind ofwovens, nonwovens or random webs.
During the past years, a number of processes in which cellulose is dissolved in an organic solvent, a combination of an organic solvent with an inorganic salt, or in aqueous salt solutions, without forming a derivative have been described as alternatives to the viscose process. Cellulose fibers made of such solutions were given the generic name lyocell by BISFA (The International Bureau for the Standardisation of Man-Made Fibres). According to the BISFA definition, lyocell is a cellulose fiber obtained from an organic solvent by means of a spinning process. By ,,organic solvent", a mixture of an organic chemical and water is understood by BISFA.
To date but a single process for the production of a cellulose fiber of the lyocell type has, however, become accepted to the point of large-scale realization, namely the amine oxide process. In that process, N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) is preferably used as the solvent. For the purposes of the instant specification, the term ,,tertiary amine oxides" substitutionally is referred to by the abbreviation,, NMMO", NMMO additionally representing the presently preferred N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide.
Tertiary amine oxides have been known for long as alternative solvents for cellulose. Thus, it is known, for instance, from U.S. Patent No. 2,179,181 that tertiary amine oxides are capable of dissolving high-quality chemical pulp without the formation of derivatives and that cellulose moulded bodies such as fibers may be obtained from such solutions by precipitation.
U.S. Patents Nos. 3,447,939, 3,447,956 and 3,508,941 describe further processes for the production of cellulose solutions with cyclic amine oxides being used as the preferred solvents. In all of those processes, cellulose is physically dissolved at elevated temperature.
In EP-A 0 356 419 to applicant a process is decribed, which preferably is carried out in a thin-layer treating apparatus in which a suspension of the comminuted pulp in an aqueous ary amine oxide is spread in the form of a thin layer, transported over a heating surface, e the surface of the thin layer is exposed to a vacuum. During transportation of the WO 98/38373 P'T/ATQ/InnAn suspension over the heating surface water is evaporated and the cellulose can be dissolved such that a spinnable cellulose solution is discharged from the thin-layer treating apparatus.
A process and an arrangement for spinning cellulose solutions are known, for instance, from WO 93/19230 to applicant. There, the spinning solution is spun in the hot state and the filaments obtained are introduced into a precipitation bath in order to precipitate the cellulose contained therein, the filaments being cooled prior to their introduction into the precipitation bath. Cooling is effected immediately after moulding and, preferably, consists in horizontally blowing air at the cellulose moulded body.
German Patent No. 902 427 describes the strengthening of a fleece of cellulose fibers by means of a lye bath containing 5 to 15 NaOH. The celluose fibers are swollen by the lye bath and thereby strengthened.
From WO 95/07386 to applicant, a process for producing paper is known, in which an aqueous suspension of comminuted cellulose material is mechanically treated and subsequently subjected to a sheet forming procedure, the suspension containing tertiary amine oxide. That process allows for the production of high-strength paper.
A process for strengthening a fibrous material is known from US-A 3,447,956.
Strengthening is effected in that the fibrous material is soaked with an amine oxide and heated to a temperature at which the amine oxide is able to strengthen the fibrous material. Proposed fibrous materials are wovens and nonwovens containing natural cellulosic fibers such as, e.g., wood pulp, cotton, linen, but also synthetic fibers such as rayon (viscose fibers). Particularly preferred is the treatment of paper with amine oxide. In doing so, NMMO apparently is used as a monohydrate in the molten or liquid state or dissolved in a volatile solvent capable of being evaporated.
From WO 96/37653 fiber assemblies provided with a cellulosic coat, impregnation or sheath are known. Those fiber assemblies are produced by coating the fiber assembly on one side with a solution of cellulose in aqueous NMMO, whereupon the layer is coagulated in a water bath.
US-A 4,196,282 describes the three-component system NMMO/H 2 0/cellulose and the socalled ,,dissolution frame", those conditions under which the cellulose dissolves in aqueous NMMO.
WO 98/38373 PCT/AT98/00040 3 Furthermore, it is known that cellulose fibers may be swollen with NMMO (Chancy et al., ,,Swelling and Dissolution of Cellulose in Amine Oxide/Water Systems"; J. App. Pol. Sci: Appl. Pol. Symp. 37, 239-259 (1983)).
The invention has as its object to provide a process of the initially defined kind, in which a fiber assembly can be strengthened without cumbersome evaporation of a volatile solvent and without requiring the use, or preparation by evaporation, of an NMMO monohydrate.
The process according to the invention for producing a strengthened fiber assembly containing cellulosic fibers with the cellulose being present in the crystalline structure of cellulose II, by contacting the fiber assembly with an aqueous solution ofNmethylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) and subsequently washing the fiber assembly is characterized in that contacting is effected in a manner that from the relation -947 0.30xlog(,o)t 0.046xT 3.53xC 645xlogoo)C wherein t indicates the time in minutes during which the fiber assembly is contacted with the aqueous NMMO solution, T indicates the temperature of the aqueous NMMO solution in °C and C is the concentration of NMMO in by mass, based on the aqueous NMMO solution, a number in the range of 0.30 to 1.70 and, preferably, in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 and, in a particularly preferred manner, in the range of 0.8 to 1.2 results with the proviso that the temperature T is smaller than 130°C and the concentration C ranges between 70 and 84 by mass.
The invention is based on the finding that, for strengthening an assembly of cellulose fibers such as, a nonwoven, the three parameters mentioned, the concentration of the NMMO solution, its temperature and the time of impregnation, apparently are essential and sufficient and that, in addition, they must be chosen such that the above relation is met. If, in contrast, these parameters are chosen such that a value smaller than 0.30 results from the relation, no strengthening of the assembly will be obtained. If, on the other hand, the parameters are chosen such that a value of more than 1.70 results from the relation, the dissolution of the fiber assembly in the NMMO solution is observed.
"In the process according to the invention, the temperature T preferably is smaller than 100 0
C.
A particular embodiment of the process according to the invention is characterized in that the Sl T fiber assembly is pressed before washing. Pressing may be effected in a simple manner, e.g., S P y conducting the nonwoven between two rolls exerting a pressure on the fiber assembly.
Ir- WO 98'/38373 PCT/AT98/00040 4 The use of a fiber assembly containing fibers produced at least partially according to the amine oxide process or the viscose process has proved particularly successful in the process according to the invention.
The invention will be explained in more detail by way of the following examples.
General working instruction -v Slightly needle punched viscose nonwovens each having a size of 12 x 16 cm and a weight per unit area of about 70 g/cm 2 were immersed into an aqueous NMMO solution between two sieves and allowed to impregnate, whereupon the impregnated nonwovens were pressed by means of a laboratory press (pressing pressure: 3 bars; corresponding to a line pressure of 12.6 N/mm at a nonwoven width of 12 cm). After this, the pressed nonwovens were washed with tap water for 15 minutes.
Examples According to the above working instruction, several tests were carried out, the parameters to be set according to the invention, the concentration of the respective NMMO solution (in by mass, based on the total mass of the solution), its temperature (in and the time of impregnation (in minutes) having been chosen as indicated in Table 1 below. All of the examples comply with the above-defined relation. The values resulting with the respective parameters are also apparent from the Table.
NMMO Concentration 84.0 82.0 82.0 80.6 80.6 80.6 78.2 76.2 76.2 73.9 74.2 74.2 71.9 Table 1 Temperature 80 80 70 70 80 80 70 70 80 70 80 90 90 Time 0.08 0.08 0.17 0.50 0.08 0.50 1.00 0.50 0.17 4.00 0.50 0.17 2.00 Value 0.95 1.30 0.94 1.20 1.42 1.66 1.29 1.00 1.32 0.81 1.07 1.39 1.02 WO 98/38373 PCT/AT98/00040 71.9 70.0 100 100 0.17 0.50 1.16 0.49 Examples 1 to 15 fall within the scope of invention, since the values resulting from the abovementioned relation with the NMMO concentrations, temperatures and times of impregnation are within the range defined by the invention. All of the nonwovens were found to be strengthened after having been treated according to the invention.
Similarly good results could be obtained with a nonwoven comprised of fibers produced according to the amine oxide process.
Comparative Examples For reasons of comparison, additional tests were carried out according to the general working instruction, yet the parameters had been chosen such that the relation was not met. These examples are summarized in Table 2.
NMMO Concentration 82.0 80.6 80.6 78.2 78.2 76.2 76.2 74.2 72.2 72.2 70.0 70.0 70.0 Table 2 Temperature 90 80 90 80 90 90 100 100 70 120 80 90 100 Time 0.17 1.00 0.08 2.00 0.08 0.50 0.08 0.08 4.00 4.00 12.0 2.00 0.08 Value 1.86 1.75 1.88 1.84 1.88 1.92 2.14 1.75 0.29 2.59 -0.10 0.21 0.25 In case of Examples 16 to 23 and 25, whose parameters yielded values larger than 1.70, the nonwoven dissolved in the NMMO solution.
In case of Examples 24 and 26 to 28, whose parameters yielded values smaller than 0.30, no strengthening of the nonwoven was obtained.

Claims (6)

1. A process for producing a strengthened fiber assembly containing cellulosic fibers with the cellulose being present in the crystalline structure of cellulose II, by contacting the fiber assembly with an aqueous solution ofN-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) and subsequently washing the fiber assembly, characterized in that contacting is effected in a manner that from the relation -947 0.30xlog(o)t 0.046xT 3.53xC 645x1og(,o)C wherein t indicates the time in minutes during which the fiber assembly is contacted with the aqueous NMMO solution, T indicates the temperature of the aqueous NMMO solution in °C and C is the concentration of NMMO in by mass, based on the aqueous NMMO solution, a number in the range of 0.30 to 1.70 results with the proviso that the temperature T is smaller than 130 0 C and the concentration C ranges between 70 and 84 by mass.
2. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that the parameters t, T and C are chosen such that a number in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 results from the relation.
3. A process according to claim 2, characterized in that the parameters t, T and C are chosen such that a number in the range of 0.8 to 1.2 results from the relation.
4. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the temperature T is smaller than 100 0 C. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fiber assembly is pressed prior to washing.
6. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a fiber assembly whose fibers have at least partially been produced according to an amine oxide process is used for strengthening.
7. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a fiber assembly whose fibers have at least partially been produced according to a viscose process is used for strengthening.
AU62001/98A 1997-02-25 1998-02-25 Process for producing a strengthened fiber assembly Ceased AU727252B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0031997A AT404368B (en) 1997-02-25 1997-02-25 METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FASTENED FIBER COMPOSITE
ATA319/97 1997-02-25
PCT/AT1998/000040 WO1998038373A1 (en) 1997-02-25 1998-02-25 Method for producing a reinforced fiber composite

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
AU6200198A AU6200198A (en) 1998-09-18
AU727252B2 true AU727252B2 (en) 2000-12-07

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AU62001/98A Ceased AU727252B2 (en) 1997-02-25 1998-02-25 Process for producing a strengthened fiber assembly

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EP (1) EP0901533B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2000509771A (en)
CN (1) CN1105798C (en)
AT (2) AT404368B (en)
AU (1) AU727252B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9805914A (en)
CA (1) CA2251728A1 (en)
DE (1) DE59800265D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2152745T3 (en)
ID (1) ID20258A (en)
NO (1) NO310205B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1998038373A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009028306B4 (en) * 2009-08-06 2011-04-21 Tpr Fiberdur Gmbh & Co. Kg double tube
EP2363108B1 (en) 2010-03-02 2017-08-30 Neubourg Skin Care GmbH & Co. KG Foam formulation containing at least one triterpenoid
DE202015102564U1 (en) 2015-05-19 2015-08-13 W. Pelz Gmbh & Co. Kg Oral tobacco pack
CN105728565A (en) * 2016-04-22 2016-07-06 安徽联盟模具工业股份有限公司 Rotating flip type no-indention mold

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE902427C (en) * 1948-10-12 1955-04-04 Dr Otto Eisenhut Process for the production of strong, washable, fabric-like, felted fabrics from cellulose fibers without spinning and weaving
US3447956A (en) * 1966-09-02 1969-06-03 Eastman Kodak Co Process for strengthening swellable fibrous material with an amine oxide and the resulting material
WO1995007386A1 (en) * 1993-09-06 1995-03-16 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Papermaking process

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3488302B2 (en) * 1995-01-31 2004-01-19 ユニチカ株式会社 Hand processing method of cellulose fiber cloth
JP3445865B2 (en) * 1995-04-06 2003-09-08 花王株式会社 Cellulosic fiber modification method
EP0827557A1 (en) * 1995-05-22 1998-03-11 Akzo Nobel N.V. Shaped bodies coated, impregnated or covered with a cellulosic composition

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE902427C (en) * 1948-10-12 1955-04-04 Dr Otto Eisenhut Process for the production of strong, washable, fabric-like, felted fabrics from cellulose fibers without spinning and weaving
US3447956A (en) * 1966-09-02 1969-06-03 Eastman Kodak Co Process for strengthening swellable fibrous material with an amine oxide and the resulting material
WO1995007386A1 (en) * 1993-09-06 1995-03-16 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Papermaking process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT404368B (en) 1998-11-25
ATE196329T1 (en) 2000-09-15
JP2000509771A (en) 2000-08-02
WO1998038373A1 (en) 1998-09-03
DE59800265D1 (en) 2000-10-19
ID20258A (en) 1998-11-12
NO984883D0 (en) 1998-10-20
BR9805914A (en) 1999-08-24
CA2251728A1 (en) 1998-09-03
AU6200198A (en) 1998-09-18
ES2152745T3 (en) 2001-02-01
CN1105798C (en) 2003-04-16
EP0901533A1 (en) 1999-03-17
CN1224474A (en) 1999-07-28
NO984883L (en) 1998-10-20
EP0901533B1 (en) 2000-09-13
ATA31997A (en) 1998-03-15
NO310205B1 (en) 2001-06-05

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