DE433180C - Process for the refinement of vegetable fibers - Google Patents
Process for the refinement of vegetable fibersInfo
- Publication number
- DE433180C DE433180C DEH89478D DEH0089478D DE433180C DE 433180 C DE433180 C DE 433180C DE H89478 D DEH89478 D DE H89478D DE H0089478 D DEH0089478 D DE H0089478D DE 433180 C DE433180 C DE 433180C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- refinement
- vegetable fibers
- acid
- pyridine
- cellulose
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical class C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetyl chloride Chemical compound CC(Cl)=O WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012346 acetyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000021736 acetylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006640 acetylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005517 mercerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/51—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof
- D06M11/55—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof with sulfur trioxide; with sulfuric acid or thiosulfuric acid or their salts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/35—Heterocyclic compounds
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Veredlung von pflanzlichen Faserstoffen. Konzentrierte Mineralsäuren, insbesondere Schwefelsäure, üben bei kurzer Einwirkungsdauer eine quellende Wirkung auf Cellulose aus. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß diese Reaktion unter geeigneten Bedingungen sich zur Veredlung von pflanzlichen-Faserstoffen verwerten ließ, und zwar wurde damit die Erzeugung von wollartigen und transparenten bzw. leinenähnlichen Effekten möglich. Diese Erfahrungen sind niedergelegt in den deutschen Reichspatenten 280134, 290444, 292213, 294571 295816, 340824 389428 391-190.Process for the refinement of vegetable fibers. Concentrated mineral acids, especially sulfuric acid, have a swelling effect on cellulose after a short exposure time. It has been shown that, under suitable conditions, this reaction can be used for the refinement of vegetable fibers, and that it is possible to produce wool-like and transparent or linen-like effects. These experiences are recorded in the German imperial patents 280134, 290444, 2922 1 3, 294571 295816, 340824 389428 391-190.
Bei der Ausübung der genannten Veredhingsverfahren hat sich erwiesen, daß es sehr wichtig war, die Einwirkung der Mineralsäure richtig zu bemessen. Es war erforderlich, die Reaktion nach genau einzuhaltender Zeit plötzlich zu unterbrechen, denn ein Übermaß der Einwirkung hatte stets einen weitergehenden Abbau der Cellulose zur Folge. Dieser Abbau macht sich ohnehin mehr oder weniger immer schon während der Quellungsreaktion bemerkbar. Die Folgen dieses hydrolytischen Abbaues der Cellulose zeigten sich einerseits als Festigkeitsverminderung und anderseits als ein unerwünschtes Hartwerden der Effekte.When carrying out the above-mentioned refining process, it has been shown that that it was very important to measure the action of the mineral acid correctly. It it was necessary to suddenly interrupt the reaction after a precise period of time, because an excess of the action always resulted in a further breakdown of the cellulose result. This degradation is more or less always happening anyway the swelling reaction noticeable. The consequences of this hydrolytic breakdown of cellulose showed on the one hand as a reduction in strength and on the other hand as an undesirable one The effects harden.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß Salze des Pyridins, seiner Homologen und Derivate überraschenderweise die Eigenschaft zeigen, bei Zusatz zu Mineralsäuren deren quellende Wirkung zu stabilisieren, d. h. einen hydrolytischen Abbau der Cellulose hintanzuhalten, so daß die Quellung sich ohne Nachteil völlig auswirken kann. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich geworden, die Einwirkungsdauer bis auf das Fünfzigfache der normalen Zeit ohne Schaden ausdehnen zu können. Läßt man z. B. auf vorgebleichtes inercerisiertes Mousselinegewebe ein Gemisch, bestehend aus i Teil Pyridin und 4 Teilen SChweYelSäure von 66° Be einwirken, so erlangt dasselbe nach ungefähr vier Minuten ein transparentes Aussehen, wobei sich eine bemerkenswerte Weichheit des Effektes feststellen läßt. Arbeitet man z. B. in der Weise, daß man ein geeignetes mercerisiertes Baumwollgewebe der Einwirkung einer Mischung von i Teil Pyridin und 9TeilenSchwefelsäure von 56,5° Be w iihrend fünf Minuten aussetzt, so erhält man einen ausgesprochen weichen Wolleffekt. Das Mischungsverhältnis zwischen Säure und Pyridin kann in weiten Grenzen wechseln, je nach dem gewünschten Effekt und der zu verarbeitenden Ware.It has now been found that salts of pyridine, its homologues and Surprisingly, derivatives show the property when added to mineral acids to stabilize their swelling effect, d. H. hydrolytic degradation of cellulose to be held back, so that the swelling can be fully effective without any disadvantage. on In this way it has become possible to increase the duration of the action by up to fifty times normal time to be able to expand without damage. If you let z. B. on pre-bleached inercerized mousseline tissue a mixture consisting of 1 part pyridine and 4 Parts of sulfuric acid of 66 ° Be act, so attains the same after about four Minutes a transparent appearance, with a remarkable softness of the Can determine the effect. Do you work z. B. in such a way that you have a suitable mercerized cotton fabric exposed to a mixture of i part pyridine and 9 parts sulfuric acid at 56.5 ° C. for five minutes is obtained an extremely soft wool effect. The mixing ratio between acid and Pyridine can vary within wide limits, depending on the desired effect and the goods to be processed.
Nach dem neuen Verfahren gelingt es auch, sehr dichte Fasergebilde, z. B. grobe Garne, durchgreifend zu veredeln, was bisher nicht möglich war, da entweder nur eine oberflächliche Veränderung stattfand, oder bei länger andauernder Einwirkung ein völliges Pergainentisieren bzw. Zerstörung der Fasern eintrat. Auch wird auf diese Weise ermöglicht, leinenartige Effekte auf Baumwolle durch ausschließliche Behandlung derselben mit Mineralsäure ohne Anwendung der in dein Patent 391490 erwähnten Kaltmercerisation zu erzielen.The new process also makes it possible to produce very dense fiber structures, z. B. coarse yarns to thoroughly refine, which was previously not possible, as either only a superficial change took place, or with prolonged exposure a complete pergainentisation or destruction of the fibers occurred. Also will be on this way enables linen-like effects on cotton through exclusive Treatment of the same with mineral acid without the use of those mentioned in patent 391490 To achieve cold mercerization.
In der deutschen Patentschrift 139669 von A. W o h 1 (siehe auch Schwalbe, Chemie der Cellulose 1911, 320) wurde allerdings die Anwendung heterocyklischer Basen bei der Acetylierung der Celiulose mittels Acetylchlorid beschrieben. Diese bei Gegenwart eines organischen Säurechlorids in der Kunstsroffindustrie vorgeschlagene Verwendung hat aber mit derjenigen des vorliegenden neuen Verfahrens der Faserstoffveredlung mittels konzentrierter Mineralsäure nichts gemein.In the German patent 139669 by A. W oh 1 (see also Schwalbe, Chemie der Cellulose 1911, 320) , however, the use of heterocyclic bases in the acetylation of cellulose by means of acetyl chloride was described. However, this use proposed in the plastics industry in the presence of an organic acid chloride has nothing in common with that of the present new process of fiber finishing by means of concentrated mineral acid.
In allen Fällen, wo bisher konzentrierteMineralsäuren zur Veredlung von Faserstoffen verwendet wurden, läßt sich die Säure vorteilhaft durch ein Gemisch von Säure und Pyridin oder einem seiner Homologen oder Derivate ersetzen.In all cases where previously concentrated mineral acids for refinement of fibrous materials have been used, the acid can advantageously be mixed with a mixture of acid and pyridine or one of its homologues or derivatives.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEH89478D DE433180C (en) | 1922-04-15 | 1922-04-16 | Process for the refinement of vegetable fibers |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE196298X | 1922-04-15 | ||
| DEH89478D DE433180C (en) | 1922-04-15 | 1922-04-16 | Process for the refinement of vegetable fibers |
| US631374A US1666082A (en) | 1922-04-15 | 1923-04-11 | Permanent finish vegetable material and process of producing same |
| US631745A US1666083A (en) | 1922-04-15 | 1923-04-12 | Vegetable yarn and fabric with woollike effects |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE433180C true DE433180C (en) | 1926-08-30 |
Family
ID=27430987
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEH89478D Expired DE433180C (en) | 1922-04-15 | 1922-04-16 | Process for the refinement of vegetable fibers |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE433180C (en) |
-
1922
- 1922-04-16 DE DEH89478D patent/DE433180C/en not_active Expired
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