DE4211260C1 - Concrete block brick set making machine - has automatically engaging mould box and punch on frame and moving yoke respectively - Google Patents

Abstract

The punch (14) forms the top of the mould box (12) and is moved up and down by a top yoke (20), while the box is on a base on which the blocks are formed and deposited and which is supported by a lifting table (40). Two conveyors deliver the bases to the table and remove loaded ones with blocks from it. Hoppers (30,36) contain the concrete mixt. The box and punch automatically engage and detach from the frame and the yoke respectively. To change the mould, the table automatically moves from its first position during the moulding operation, in which it is aligned with the first conveyor, into a second one where it is in line with the second conveyor, to discharge one mould and deliver another one. USE/ADVANTAGE - For concrete block and slab mfr.with reduced time for mould change.

Description

The invention relates to a layer paver for production of concrete blocks or concrete block inserts according to the Oberbe handle of claim 1.

Concrete blocks, such as hollow blocks, Chimney stones, curbs and garden stones nowadays usually either from mobile, itself moving floor pavers or from stationary, so-called Layer manufacturers manufactured. A layer paver produces the concrete blocks he shaped on a base, the there is usually a board with a deposit maker, which is why insert manufacturers also referred to as board manufacturers and usually as a pallet for multi-layer manufacturers is, so that the multilayer produced on the pallet Concrete blocks can be easily manipulated with a forklift are.

Layer pavers have the advantage over floor pavers that that the area required for concrete block production is essential Lich can be kept smaller, which often means Weather-protected production in a hall first is made possible.  

With one and the same layer paver you can under produced various types of concrete blocks will. The prerequisite for this is the exchange of a currently in use form against a ge wanted different shape.

Usually this is done Change of shape at a well-known layer paver at the beginning mentioned type manually and requires depending on the qualification the employee performing the change Time expenditure of about one to two hours. The form Box and stamp existing form is built in Condition relatively inaccessible, indicating their change and, if it is fastened with screws, the required tightening the screws difficult. For Facilitation of change of form has been proposed not to screw the form tight, but to screw it in easier releasable clamp connections on the frame of the layer paver fasten. The time required for a change of form however, expenditure cannot be ver wrestle.

As a layer paver during the entire change of form process for concrete block production, one is endeavors to keep this downtime as short as possible.

The invention has for its object a similar dimensions can be used as a single-layer paver and as a multi-layer paver Provide paver where the time required to change shape significantly ver wrestles. The solution to the task is also intended to be a high level of operational reliability unit, the production costs of a layered fabric not significantly increase and no special requirements Make changes to the operating personnel.

According to the invention, this task is with a layer paver solved, which has the features of claim 1.  

In contrast to conventional layer manufacturers, the Layer paver attached to the invention and the mold box attached to a and removable Oberjoch attached Stamp for changing the shape is no longer released manually or are attached, but are designed so that they can be solved and attached automatically. Farther is a base on which the concrete blocks are shaped and stored, supporting lifting table is not stationary arranged, but moves out of his when changing shape first taken during concrete block manufacturing Position together with a loosened, previously used form in a second position, in which he has a second Transport device interacts in such a way that automatically removed the previously used form and a desired one other form is supplied. Then the Lift table together with the other shape back into its first position, in which the other form automatically on Layer paver or its upper yoke is attached. He According to the invention, a layer paver with automa tical change of form was created in which the entire The mold change process only takes about 5 to 10 minutes.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention The second transport device guides the layer maker different shape in one to the working surface of the lifting table parallel plane in an x direction and a y direction centered too so that the fed shape on the lift table a predefined and precisely defined location occupies. The position centering with respect to the in the x direction extending axis is before in this embodiment pulls over guide rails extending in the y direction reached, in the x-rich perpendicular to the y-direction device are independently movable, their distance from one another and their position with respect to the to be able to set the second transport direction. For Position centering along the y axis is preferred at least  least one assigned to the second transport direction Position sensor available, for example a mecha nisch operable limit switch. Can as well however, position sensors working without contact be set. The center feed of the mold through the second transport device has the advantage that the Previously not at the place of installation of the mold before it was attached agile centering, which is there due to the relatively poor access is difficult to achieve, one constant travel path of the lifting table required is no longer required.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invent Layer maker according to the invention is the second transport stone direction trained so that the previously to the concrete block used a form to one side and the desired other shape on the opposite Side is fed, causing the feed and discharge process can run faster.

The lifting table is particularly preferably guided on rails from his first position to his second position movable. This is a constant in a simple way to provide a defined, defined travel path of the lifting table Afford.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention Layer producers are the first and the second transport unit direction parallel to each other and along roller conveyors extending in a first direction, the Lift table for changing the shape transversely to this direction between the two roller conveyors. The two roller conveyors can be spaced from each other or also be arranged one below the other.

In all embodiments, preference is given to during the Form change process both the one previously used form  as well as the desired other shape on a pedestal center manipulated. The handling of the forms at one This makes transportation and storage in a warehouse simplified and reduced the risk of their damage puts. For centering the bearing block on top of each other and shape, each pedestal has two on opposite Edges arranged centering pins that correspond to Insert the centering openings formed in the mold fen. Of course, the centering in and for achieved in a known manner by other means be, for example, by interlocking profiles. Handling the molds on pedestals also simplifies the one carried out in the second transport device centered feeder because of existing centering devices regardless of the dimensions of different shapes only to the constant dimensions of the pedestal must be set.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the Layer maker according to the invention is through the molding box Clamp levers and the stamp which can be actuated with air bellows fixed by screws, and the screws are each a gear having coupled hydraulic screwdriver. The Clamp levers that can be actuated by means of air bellows can quickly from their clamped position to their open position and back be brought into the clamped position and have additional the advantage that the mold box in the clamped position Allow the desired slight play up and down. The hydraulic screwdrivers are like a paving machine hydraulic system already connected. Above her They easily bring the gearbox to the attachment of the Stamp on the Oberjoch required high tightening torque the corresponding screws. The pulsating work a hydraulic screwdriver also enables loosening of screws that are in the operation of the layer paver tightened even more due to vibrations.  Instead of the hydraulic screwdriver you can also if necessary electric motors provided with a subordinate gear be used. Also, the stamp does not have to be screwed on, but can also be clamped.

The previously described embodiments relate equally on single and multi-layer pavers. At Mehrla Manufacturers usually remain in operation The height of the shape is the same as that of the base de The lifting table becomes concrete blocks after each layer has been made lowered by a corresponding amount. At the deposit maker this lowering is naturally not necessary, so that the lifting table only needs to be able to change shape sel that usually on supports in the layer paver slightly lift the stored shape to release it. The There is a difference between single and multi-layer manufacturers therefore essentially only different in one large stroke of the lift table.

A preferred embodiment of a fiction In the following, the layer manufacturer is based on the diagram table drawings explained. It shows

Fig. 1 is a side view of a multi-layer paver according to the invention and

FIG. 2 shows the top view of the multi-layer paver from FIG. 1 arranged in a hall.

A multi-layer paver 10 for the production of concrete blocks or concrete block inserts has a shape which consists of a lower part formed as a molding box 12 and an upper part formed as a stamp 14 . The molding box 12 is releasably attached to the frame of the layer paver 10 by means of clamping levers, not shown, which can be actuated via air bellows 16 . The stamp 14 is screwed to an upper yoke 20 of the layer paver 10 which can be moved up and down in guides 18 . The screws 22 , of which only two are visible in FIG. 1, are each coupled to a hydraulic screwdriver 24 , which is also attached to the upper yoke 20 and has a transmission. The hydraulic screws 24 are connected to a central hydraulic system 26 of the multi-layer paver 10 , which in turn is connected to a controller 28 (see FIG. 2). Both the hydraulic screwdrivers 243 and the air bellows 16 can be controlled via the control 28 , so that the mold consisting of the molding box 12 and the stamp 14 can be detached and fastened automatically.

A first storage silo 30 for core concrete is supported on guide rods 32 hydraulically up and down, which are attached to the frame 34 of the layer paver 10 . A second storage silo 36 for facing concrete, which is shown in the raised position in FIG. 1, is supported in the same way on guide rods 38 .

Below the molding box 12 1 is located in Fig. 40, a lifting table, which is a scissor-type in the illustrated embodiment and having a roller working surface 58 has.

As can be seen from Fig. 2, the multi-layer paver 10 has a first roller conveyor 42 which extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of the layer paver 10 in the x-direction and extends on both sides in the y-direction and for feeding empty pallets 44 from a pallet stack 46 and serves to remove pallets 44 covered with concrete blocks 48 .

Parallel to the first roller conveyor 42 , a second roller conveyor 50 extends at a lateral distance from it, likewise on both sides of the layer paver 10 . On the side edges of the second roller conveyor 50 extending in the y-direction guide rails 52 are attached so that they are independently adjustable to a certain extent in the x-direction. The guide rails 52 are used for the precise lateral guidance of bearing blocks 54 , with which the different shapes are manipulated. In Fig. 2, an empty bearing block 54 and a bearing block 54 'is shown on the second roller conveyor 50 , on which a desired shape 55 is set. So that a shape with respect to the bearing block assumes a defined position, on opposite edges of each bearing block 54, 54 ' upwardly projecting centering pins 56 are arranged, which engage in corresponding, formed in the form of centering holes.

The operation of the multi-layer paver 10 is described below, it being assumed that there is a mold in the layer paver and the two storage silos 30, 36 contain a sufficient amount of concrete mixture. For the production of concrete blocks, a pallet 44 is first guided into the layer paver 10 via the first roller conveyor 42 below the molding box 12 . The working surface 58 of the lifting table 40 is at a level marked b in FIG. 1 so that it closes the first roller conveyor 42 interrupted in the layer paver 10 and supports the pallet 44 . The stamp 14 is in a raised position (see FIG. 1) in which it does not engage in the molding box 12 .

By means of a filling car 60 , which is not shown in any more detail and which can be displaced along the x-axis (see FIG. 2) as far as below the first storage silo 30 or the second storage silo 36 , is now known per se and therefore cannot be explained in more detail Filled core or facing concrete from the corresponding storage silo 30, 36 into the molding box 12 , where it is then compacted by shaking. The stamp 14 is not used for the compression of the filled in the molding box 12 Betonge mix, but is only used to close the top of the box and for demolding finished compacted concrete blocks.

After a first layer of concrete blocks has been produced on the pallet 44 , the working surface 58 of the lifting table 40 is lowered by an amount which corresponds to the height of the concrete blocks produced. As a release agent, a layer of sand is sprinkled on the surface of the concrete blocks just produced with a known and not explained device. Then a second layer of concrete blocks is produced on the first layer in the manner just described. This process is repeated until the work surface 58 has reached the level designated in FIG. 1 or until a predetermined number of concrete stone layers have been produced on the pallet 44 . The pallet 44 is then transported out of the layer paver 10 via the first roller conveyor 42 , where it can be picked up by a forklift 62 and brought into a warehouse. The working surface 58 of the lifting table 40 is now raised again to level b and the concrete stone production described above begins again after an empty pallet 44 has been fed from the pallet stack 46 via the first roller conveyor 42 .

It should now be assumed that the control 28 of the layer paver 10 has issued a command to change the form sel. After the pallet 44 currently in the layer paver 10 has been completely covered with concrete blocks 48 and has been transported out of the layer paver via the first roller conveyor 42 , the working surface 58 of the lifting table 40 is no longer raised to the level b, but remains, As shown in Fig. 1, in the lowered position and the lifting table 40 moves on rails 64 automatically against the x-Rich direction from its position below the molding box 12 , which is referred to here as the first position, in a second position in which its working surface 58 is aligned with the second roller conveyor 50 , so that the interrupted second roller conveyor 50 in the layer paver 10 is now continuous.

Then the empty bearing block 54 is driven by the second roller conveyor 50 and the rollers 40 arranged on the working surface 58 of the lifting table onto the working surface 58 until it hits an appealing first limit switch 66 in the y direction. Since the travel path of the lifting table 40 is constant in or counter to the x-direction, which can be ensured, for example, by mechanical stops or limit switches, the guide rails 52 and the first limit switch 66 provide for an initial adjustment to be carried out when the layer 10 is put into operation for the bearing block 54 always occupying the same, precisely defined position on the working surface 58 of the lifting table 40 .

While the empty pedestal 54 is being moved onto the lifting table 40 , the punch 14 lowers into the empty molding box 12 and the molding box 12 and punch 14 are actively released. For this purpose, air is discharged from the air bellows 16 , as a result of which the clamping levers reach their open position and the molding box 12 is unclamped. At the same time, the hydraulic screwdrivers 24 are automatically activated and loosen the screws 22 with which the stamp 14 is fastened to the upper yoke. The stamp 14 now rests in the molding box 12 , which in turn is supported on a support (not shown) attached to the frame 34 .

The lifting table 40 with the empty pedestal 54 moves back in the x direction from the second position to its first position. Once there, the working surface 58 with the bearing block 54 lying thereon is raised until the centering pins 56 of the bearing block 54 engage in the corresponding centering openings of the mold in the working area of the layer paver 10 in the installed position. Since the bearing block 54 had already been centered when it was moved onto the working surface 58 , it is ensured that the centering pins 56 meet the centering openings formed in the shape.

Now the shape is lifted from the support by a further slight lifting of the working surface 58 and moved against the x-direction out of the working area of the layer paver 10 into a position which is shown in broken lines in FIG. 1 at the level b. So that the second storage silo 36 does not hinder this process, it has previously been hydraulically raised to the position also shown in FIG. 1 or, if this should not be sufficient, pivoted to one side of the guide rods 38 (not shown). With regard to the x-direction, this position corresponds to the second position of the lifting table 40 , so that now the working surface 58 of the lifting table 40 is lowered until it is at the level of the second roller conveyor 50 and is flush with it.

Then the bearing block 54 with the form from the Lagenferti ger 10 originating in the direction of the free part of the second roller conveyor 50 from the work surface 58 , whereupon the second bearing block 54 'with the desired other shape 55 from the opposite side of the second roller conveyor 50 as beforehand, the first bearing block 54 automatically moves onto the work surface 58 until it strikes a second limit switch 68 which responds to a touch in the opposite direction to the y direction. This second limit switch 68 generally only needs to be adjusted once when the layer finisher 10 is started up.

Now the work surface 58 is raised to level b and the lifting table 40 moves in the x direction from its second position back to its first position in order to bring the other mold 55 into the work space of the layer paver 10 . Arrived in the first position, the work surface 58 is lowered to the level a, the other shape 55 coming to rest on the support and the second bearing block 54 'remains on the work surface 58 .

While the lifting table 40 now moves with the now empty bearing block 54 'from the first to the second position, where the second bearing block 54 ' for receiving a desired further shape on the empty section of the second roller track 50 , the previously raised upper yoke lowers 20 and the hydraulic screwdrivers 24 are activated in order to fasten the stamp 14 of the other mold 55 which is now in the installed position. At the same time, compressed air is supplied to the air bellows 16 , as a result of which the clamping levers are moved from their open position into their clamping position and firmly clamp the molding box 12 of the other mold 55 . In the meantime, the lifting table 40 has moved from its second position into its first position with an empty working surface 58 , so that after reaching the first position and lifting the working surface 58 to level b, the concrete block production can be resumed.

The entire mold changing process takes place automatically and takes place fully automatically in about 5 minutes.

Claims (9)

1. Layer paver for the production of concrete blocks or concrete block inserts with

• - A mold for concrete blocks ( 48 ), which has a molded lower part as a molded box ( 12 ) and a molded upper part designed as a stamp ( 14 ), the molded box ( 12 ) on the frame of the layer paver ( 10 ) above a base on which the concrete blocks ( 48 ) are shaped and deposited, and the stamp is detachably attached to an up and down movable upper yoke ( 20 ) of the layer paver ( 10 ),
• - a lifting table ( 40 ) for supporting the base,
• - A first transport device for supplying empty documents to the lifting table ( 40 ) and for removing concrete blocks ( 48 ) covered with documents, the first transport device being arranged in a first direction in alignment with the lifting table ( 40 ), and
• - at least one storage silo ( 30, 36 ) for a concrete mixture,

characterized in that the attachment

• - The molding box ( 12 ) on the frame and the stamp ( 14 ) on the upper yoke ( 20 ) is designed so that the molding box and the stamp are automatically detachable and attachable, and
• - The lifting table ( 40 ) for changing the shape automatically from a first position, which it occupies during the production of concrete blocks, can be moved transversely to the first direction into a second position, in which it can be used with a second transport device to remove one form and to supply another Form ( 55 ) is aligned.

2. Layer paver according to claim 1, characterized in that the second transport device supplies the other shape ( 55 ) in a plane parallel to the working surface ( 58 ) of the lifting table ( 40 ) in an x-direction and a right-angled y-direction. 3. Layer paver according to claim 2, characterized in that the second transport device for centering extending in the y-direction and displaceable in the x-direction guide rails ( 52 ) and at least one in the y-direction responsive position sensor ( 66, 68 ). 4. Layer paver according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the second transport device removes one form on one side and the other form ( 55 ) on the opposite side. 5. Layer paver according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lifting table ( 40 ) is guided on rails ( 64 ) from its first position into its second position. 6. Layer paver according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and the second transport device are arranged parallel to each other and extending along the first direction roller tracks ( 42, 50 ). 7. Layer paver according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for changing the shape one and the other shape ( 55 ) centered on a bearing block ( 54, 54 ') are removed or supplied. 8. layer paver according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mold box ( 12 ) by means of air bellows ( 16 ) actuatable clamping lever and the stamp ( 14 ) is fastened by screws ( 22 ) and the screws each having a gear Hydraulic screwdriver ( 24 ) are coupled.