DE4130782A1 - Vehicle door fixing appts. - uses motor-driven mechanism to clamp door when static or moving slowly until greater than defined force applied - Google Patents

Abstract

The appts. fixes the door, esp. of a motor vehicle, in at least one open position. A lockable fixing element (20) pivotably links one end (22) to a door frame (16) outside its pivot axis. The element is fixed and guided by a device (63) with a part which exerts a force on the element to hold the door in an open position against unintentional motion. The device is actuated by a controlled motor drive (62) to clamp the fixing element with a static or relatively moving door or release it if the door is moving at faster than a defined speed. ADVANTAGE - Operates automatically when door is static or moving slowly and retains door position until set force is exceeded.

Description

The invention relates to a device for detection a door, in particular a motor vehicle door, in at least one open position, with a fix baren locking element for pivoting articulation of his one end to a door frame outside of the swivel axis of the door and one to attach to the door placed locking device for locking and Guide the locking member, with a locking member the locking device on the moving Door moving relative to the locking device actuator in the at least one open position a holding force to lock the door against exercises visible movements.

For setting or determining particular strength Vehicle doors become door locks (also door adjusters  called ler) used, which is a festival to be determined Have actuator in the form of a locking arm. The Locking arm is articulated at one end with the Door frame, so the vehicle body connected and in such a way that its pivot outside of the Hinge axes predetermined pivot axis of the door lies. The locking arm protrudes through an opening in the Side edge of the door leaf into this; due to its eccentric with respect to the hinge axes the locking arm on the door frame performs steering Moving the door extend and retract movements relatively to the door leaf. There is a locking device in the door leaf attached for locking and guiding the locking arm. The locking device of the known door lock has locking elements in the form of spring-loaded Sliding or rolling bodies with the power of Press the springs against the spring arm. The locking arm is provided with several recesses into which the Locking devices can immerse. Since the Feststellvor direction in the extension of the locking arm rigidly on Door leaf is attached, the locking recesses arrive of the locking arm when opening the door into the hard opposite position in which the Locking devices for locking the door against unintentional inspected movements in the recesses dive. There are usually two on the locking arm spaced-apart locking recesses or two spaced-apart groups of recesses trained to open the motor vehicle door in two secure positions against unintentional movements. Only after overcoming one by designing the Locking device and the locking arm conditional The door can be moved with the minimum pressing force. A ge there is a disadvantage of the known door locks  in that the opening positions in which the door is determined, are given structurally; in the Practice shows, however, that it is often desirable if the door is in any freely definable position would be ascertainable. This is for example with tight Parking the case. With the well-known door locks at the end of an opening movement, the doors become Part automatically in the be through the recesses agreed opening position swiveled, what in cramped Space is also disadvantageous because the Door edge on adjacent vehicles or on garage walls or the like.

The invention has for its object a Türver with the the door locks in any open position can put.

To solve this problem with the invention Device for locking a door, in particular a motor vehicle door of the type mentioned proposed its locking device for the festival place the locking member at least one drivable Locking device that is used to set the hard actuator when not or only relatively slowly away door and / or to release the locking element from a controllable drive device when the door is moving tion is motor-operated.

The door arrester according to the invention has a moto Rical drive device of any kind, preferably an electromagnetic drive device that receives control signals from a control unit or the like. With the help of the motor drive device  move the locking device in a controlled manner. According to the inventor manure is provided that the locking member at not or only relatively slow moving door to set the Locking element and / or with a moving door to the free give the locking member is drivable. Depending on the out design of the locking device is the locking organ either to fix the locking element or to release the locking element or both Set as well as to release the locking element driven by the drive device.

The door arrester according to the invention is designed in this way specifies that the door is automatically locked when the door is not moving or is moving very slowly. The The door will be in the opening position just assumed held until a force is applied that is greater than the locking force, so that the door moved again. This is recognized by the locking device automatically to release the locking member float. The door movement is advantageously detected liability by a detector that a Relativbe recognizes movement of the locking element to the door. The out The detector is connected to the input with an input drive control unit connected, in which the output signal of the detector is evaluated and into a control signal for the drive device is implemented.

The locking member is advantageously either in the set position or in the release position for Set or release the locking member resilient biased. The spring force in front in fixed position tensioned locking device must be so large that it the holding force for locking the door to the hard  can apply actuator. This is preferably done Setting the locking element by static friction. At spring biased into the release position actuator requires a much lower spring force such. The moves depending on the direction of the preload Drive device the locking element either for Detecting the locking member in the direction of this or to release the locking member in the direction of this way against the preload. Regarding the on supply energy to be provided for the drive units direction, it is advantageous if the locking member in its position for fixing the locking element is spring biased to the door without engagement the drive device to be able to and to only to release the locking element energy to have to spend. Since a motor vehicle door in Usually silent for a much longer period stands when it is moved, only one ver equally small amount of energy to operate the Door arrester are used. Independent of Design of the door arrester is in any case advantageous, the drive device and the Steuerein unit or control and evaluation electronics without power switch when the door is in the lock. That state is advantageously recognized by a sensor, the output of which is connected to an input of the electronics that is.

In an advantageous development of the invention has the locking device next to the movable Locking element on a rigid further locking element, between which the locking element moves back and forth is guided bar, the locking member in its determined state by the pressure of the min  at least a movable and from the drive device device driven locking device against the rigid Locking element is pressed. With this configuration the invention of the locking member of the two Locking elements of the locking device for fixing kept pinched. The two locking members are thereby advantageously articulated together the, preferably the locking member all enclose or surround each other.

To avoid (clamping) noises when setting of the locking element by bringing the min at least one that can be driven by the drive device Locking element with the locking element is according to one advantageous embodiment of the invention provided that can be driven by the drive device and movable locking member or both the movable as also the rigid locking device when the festival is released actuator lies loosely against it without pressing force. A striking of the locking element (s) on the Locking element when setting the same is done accordingly do not follow, so that there are no noises be fathered. The at least one movable lock organ is always on the locking member, whereby due to extremely slight movement of the locking element between the locking element and the locking element acting pressing force of almost zero (essentially powerless touching both parts) on the to hold the value of the door increases.

In order to always keep adjacent locking devices and Locking element even when the locking element moves relative to the one or more locking elements or the hard setting device to generate no noise is before partially provided that at least each other  touching surfaces of the locking element and locking organs or locking device smoothly sliding out forms are. In particular, materials such as Teflon (Teflon is a registered trademark) or art materials used.

In an advantageous development of the invention is pre see that the fixed locking member with a Guide part for guiding the movable locking member is connected, the guide member by one perpendicular to the direction of displacement of the lock link rotating axis rotatable on the door or is attachable to the door leaf. Because of regarding the axes of the door hinges eccentric linkage the locking element on the door frame is rotatable Articulation of the locking device he basically conducive. For reasons of stability, it is advantageous to fasten the guide part so rotatably on the door gene that the axis of rotation in close proximity to the contra bearing part and to the movable locking member. Since a via the locking member on the locking member Locking force in to move the locking element perpendicular direction, this should Force transmission in the immediate vicinity of the axis of rotation take place to the greatest possible extent in the axis of rotation to suppress.

As already indicated above, the Locking device the movement of the locking member relative to the locking device with the help of a detector tors recognized. The output of this detector is with an input of the drive device controlling Control unit connected. If the locking element is determined by the locking member, generates the  Control unit on receiving an output signal from the Detector, which is a movement of the locking element fixed locking element indicates a control approximately signal for the drive device to release of the locking element by the locking element. This The process takes place immediately and without delays tion, so that the locking element only for one extremely short distance with the locking force Moving locking element is moved. Once the tax unit for a festival released by the locking device actuator, that is, when the locking element moves Detector receives an output signal that is still stood the locking member or a movement of the hard actuator with vanishingly low speed speed, which is smaller than a predetermined minimum speed, indicates a drive signal to the Setting the locking element relative to the locking contraption. The advantage of this design of the Er Invention is that to determine the movement the door the movement of the locking member relative to Locking device is detected. The detector can be arranged within the locking device, so that the entire device according to the invention as kom pacts, the locking device, the locking element, that or the locking elements, the evaluation unit, the Drive device and the unit comprising the sensor is trained.

The detector advantageously inputs the speed digkeit the movement of the locking member relative to Output device indicating locking device. This allows an "intelligent" control of Drive device and thus locking device rea lize. If the door is used with excessive force  opens or closes, can damage the door store are prevented by the control unit the drive device for a predetermined period of time supplies a signal for fixing the locking element, once the speed of the relative movement between Locking device and locking member a pre given or predeterminable threshold value. Dude natively it can be provided that the control unit the drive device the signal for setting the Locking member outputs until the Relativbe movement to below a predefinable default value is delayed. The controlled slowdown of the Rela Active movement of the locking element and locking device up to a predetermined value is particularly against End of movement to close the door advantageous to to achieve a quiet closing of the door.

The detector preferably also detects the movement position of the locking member relative to the locking mechanism direction and thus the opening position of the door. These Function can also be performed by an integer in the control unit grie institution are taken over. A short time term control of the drive device for fixing of the locking element can depend on the extended position of the locking element from the fixed adjusting device can be realized, depending on Use case can be advantageous.

Instead of a movement of the locking member rela tiv to the locking device monitoring detector a detector can also be used to detect the door movement recorded directly. Here is, for example a rotation angle detector thought in the door hinge is integrated. The advantage of such a shoot  angle detector consists in the linearity of the output signals and the proportionality of the output signal for door movement. Because the movement of the locking member relative to the locking device neither linear nor pro is proportional to the door movement, the output signal of the detector monitoring the actuator processed to make it necessary for the above controls agile conclusions about the door movement can. This could be due to a relatively complex con structure of the detector can be avoided. Example could be wise with a trained as a light barrier Detector, the individual with moving locking member Receives light pulses, can be achieved in that the the slits or through-generating light pulses breaks the movement of the locking element in Depends on the opening position of the door have a speaking distance from each other.

The release of the locking element by appropriate The locking device is driven according to a distance ren advantageous embodiment of the invention in Ab dependence on the output signal of an approximation detector on the door, preferably on the door handle or in the door edge area, for example in the window edge of the force Vehicle door is provided and touching the door recognized by hand. This proximity detector can in addition to the movement of the locking member monitoring detector or the angle of rotation detector be seen.

The following will refer to the drawings an embodiment of the invention explained in more detail. In detail show:  

Fig. 1 in top view of a motor vehicle for Verdeut lichung the arrangement of the door stay for motor vehicle doors,

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the transition area between the door and the frame or the vehicle body with door stop with the door closed,

Fig. 3 as in FIG. 2, but in partially open door,

Fig. 4 is a schematic side view of the door fixed actuator in the direction of arrow IV of FIGS . 2 and

Fig. 5 is a view along the line VV of Fig. 4 on one end of the door arrester.

In the figures, a device 10 for locking a motor vehicle door 12 (hereinafter also referred to as door lock 10 ) is shown in any open position; Fig. 1 is illustrative only of the assembly of the door-converter 10. The motor vehicle door 12 is articulated by a plurality of hinges 14 on the vehicle body 16 about an axis 18 pivoting bar. In addition to the hinges 14 , the motor vehicle body 16 , which is equated here with the door frame, and the motor vehicle door 12 are connected to one another via a locking element 20 in the form of an arm. One end 22 of the rectilinear locking member 20 is rotatably supported on the Karos series 16 via a bearing 24 . The pivot axis 26 , about which the locking member 20 is rotatably mounted on the body 16 , runs parallel at a distance from the hinge axes 18th

The essentially bolt-like locking member 20 extends laterally into the door 12 , where it is slidably guided by a guide part 28 which is rotatably attached to the door 12 about an axis 30 parallel to the axes 18 and 26 , which is indicated at 32 is. The guide member 28 , which extends coaxially to the locking member 20 , has a receiving through bore 34 through which the bolt 20 extends.

At the end 22 of the bolt 20 facing away from the end 36 of the guide part 28 , a fixed first fixed actuator 38 is welded, which has an almost semicircular recess 40 which is aligned with the through bore 34 in the guide part 28 . The locking member 20 is slidably displaceable in the recess 40 . Arranged opposite the first locking element 38 is a movable second locking element 42 which has a recess 44 which is symmetrical to the recess 40 of the first locking element 38 . The two locking members have essentially the same dimensions and are articulated to one another at two of their opposite ends via a joint 46 . The the hinge 46 opposite the ends of the two clamping members 38 and 42 are provided with mutually aligned through holes 48 which are directed at right angles to the hinge axis. On the mutually facing inner sides of the two fixed actuators 38 , 42 concentric recesses 52 are formed on these stanchions to the Durchgangssboh, which together with the space between the two fixed actuators 38 , 42 form a spring chamber for receiving a helical compression spring 54 . The helical compression spring 54 biases the two locking members 38 , 42 away from each other. Through the two through holes 48 he stretches a bolt 56 , the protruding end of the second locking member 42 is provided with a screw ben nut 58 , which is located on a washer 60 on the second locking member 42 . At its other end, the bolt 56 extends beyond the fixed first locking element 38 , where it is coupled to an electromagnetic drive device 62 for axial displacement. The two fixed actuators 38 , 42 form a locking device 63 for locking the locking member 20th

The drive device 62 is connected to a control unit 66 via a line 64 . The control unit 66 is also connected to a detector 70 via a line 68 . The detector 70 formed in the form of a forked light barrier is integrated in the guide part 28 and detects a longitudinal displacement of the locking member 20 relative to the guide part 28 . For this purpose, the locking member 20 is provided with an upstanding radial rib or elongated flag 72 (see FIG. 4), in which a plurality of holes 74 are formed. The two arms of the fork light barrier of the detector 70 extend on both sides of the flag 72 , so that the detector 70 outputs pulse signals to the control unit 66 via the line 68 . These pulse signals are first used to detect a movement of the locking member 20 rela tive to the guide member 28 and thus to detect a movement of the door 12 about the hinge axes 18 . Since the pivot axes of the door 12 and locking member 20 do not coincide and the guide member 28 is secured against displacement in the longitudinal direction of the locking member 20 secured to the door 12 , a movement of the door 12 results in a displacement of the locking member 20 relative to the guide member 28th . The pulse signals of the detector 70 can also be used to determine the speed of the locking member 20 relative to the guide part 28 and thus to detect the speed of the door movement. Finally, the displacement position of the locking member 20 relative to the guide part 28 and thus the opening position of the door 12 can be determined by counting the pulse signals.

To set the locking member 20 and thus to lock the door 12 is in the embodiment shown in the figures, the drive device 62 controls for tightening the bolt 56 is . The two locking members 38 and 42 hold the locking member 20 between them with a holding force known in a clamping manner, their concave surfaces defined by the recesses 40 and 44 abutting the peripheral surface of the locking member 20 and pressing with force. In this state of the Türfeststel lers 10 , the door 12 is found against unwanted movement. Only when the static friction force between the locking members 38 and 42 on the one hand and the locking member 20 on the other hand, the door 12 can be moved. This movement leads to a relative movement of the locking member 20 and the guide part 28 , which in turn is detected by the detector 70 . In response to the relative movement of the locking element 20 to the output signal of the detector 70 , the control unit 66 outputs a deactivation signal to the drive device 62 , whereupon the bolt 56 "falls off". The compression spring 54 moves the second locking member 42 away from the first locking member 38 , with the result that the locking member 20 is released. The door 12 can now be moved freely. As soon as it is detected again via the detector 70 that the locking element 20 no longer moves with respect to the guide part 28 , and consequently the door 12 is no longer moved, the drive device 62 is activated again and by pulling the bolt 56 over the locking members 38 , 42 the locking member 20 again determined. When the door is in the lock, which can be recognized, for example, by the buttons for switching the vehicle interior lighting on and off, the drive device 62 and possibly also the control unit 66 are switched off.

In addition to the detector 70 , actuation of the door 12 can also be detected by a proximity sensor or detector which responds to touches of the door 12 by hand. This proximity detector 76 is arranged, for example, in the door edge area and is shown schematically in FIG. 1. The proximity detector 76 is designed in the form of an electrical conductor which works in the manner of an antenna and is installed in the door 12 in the region of the window frame and in the rear region in the direction of travel. With the aid of the proximity detector 76 , touching the door 12 by hand to actuate the door 12 can be detected. The output signal of the proximity detector 76 is fed to the control unit 66 , which activates or deactivates the drive device 62 as a function of the received output signal.

In the description of the figures and in the description line, the invention is described in the event that the locking element is articulated on the door frame and in the door is arranged to be longitudinally displaceable. It goes without saying even that the invention also applies in the event that the locking element is articulated on the door and itself when opening and closing the door relative to the door frame moves where it is slidably guided.

Claims (17)

1. Device for locking a door, in particular a motor vehicle door, in at least one open position with

• - A fixable locking member ( 20 ) for pivotally articulating its one end ( 22 ) on a door frame ( 16 ) outside the pivot axis ( 18 ) of the door ( 12 ) and
• - One for fastening to the door ( 12 ) laid out locking device ( 63 ) for locking and guiding the locking member ( 20 ), with a locking element ( 38 ; 42 ) of the locking device ( 63 ) on which when the door moves ( 12 ) relative to the locking device ( 63 ) be moving locking member ( 20 ) in the at least one opening position exerts a holding force for locking the door ( 12 ) against unintentional movements,

characterized,

• - That the locking device ( 63 ) for fixing the locking member ( 20 ) has at least one fixed actuator ( 42 ) which for locking the locking member ( 20 ) when the door is stationary or only moving at a relatively low first speed ( 12 ) and / or Release of the locking member ( 20 ) when the door is moved or at least at a greater speed than the first speed ( 12 ) can be actuated by a controllable drive device ( 62 ).

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive device ( 62 ) is an electromagnetic drive device. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one locking member ( 42 ) for locking the locking member ( 20 ) from the drive device ( 62 ) in the direction of the locking member ( 20 ) to be moved and in static friction generating system with the fixed actuator ( 20 ) can be brought and / or to release the locking member ( 20 ) from the Antriebsvorrich device ( 62 ) in the direction of the locking member ( 20 ) is movable. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the at least one locking member ( 42 ) for releasing the locking member ( 20 ) biased away from this and for locking the locking member for generating static friction from the drive device ( 62 ) against the bias is movable in the direction of the locking member ( 20 ) or to fix the locking member ( 20 ) by static friction to the locking member ( 20 ) and to release the locking actuator ( 20 ) from the drive device ( 62 ) against the bias in the direction from the fixed actuator ( 20 ) is movable away. 5. Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the locking device ( 63 ) has a rigid locking member ( 38 ) against which the locking member ( 20 ) in its fixed state by the pressing force of the at least one movable locking member ( 42 ) Force is pressed. 6. Device according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the locking device ( 63 ) is designed such that the at least one movable locking member ( 42 ) or both locking members ( 38 , 42 ) with released fixed actuator ( 20 ) without Pressure force is applied to this without force. 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the actuated locking device ( 63 ), the locking member ( 20 ) fixes. 8. Device according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the two locking members ( 38 , 42 ) are hinged together. 9. Device according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the two locking members ( 38 , 42 ) enclose or surround the locking member ( 20 ) on all sides. 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the locking device ( 63 ) has a displaceable locking member ( 20 ) guiding part ( 28 ) and connected to this and on the locking member ( 20 ) lying abutment part ( Locking organ ( 38 )), relative to which the movable locking member ( 42 ) generating static friction against the locking member ( 20 ) is movable, and that the guide member ( 28 ) at a right angle to the direction of displacement of the locking member ( 20 ) within the Guide part ( 28 ) in the immediate vicinity of the abutment part (locking member ( 38 )) and the movable locking member ( 42 ) extending axis of rotation ( 30 ) is rotatably attachable to the door ( 12 ). 11. The device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least the contacting surfaces of the locking member ( 20 ) and locking device ( 63 ) are formed softly sliding. 12. The device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a detector ( 70 ) for detecting a movement of the locking member ( 20 ) relative to the locking device ( 63 ) or a rotary angle designed to be arranged in a door hinge for detecting a movement of the Door ( 12 ) is provided, and that the output of the detector ( 70 ) is connected to an input of a control unit ( 66 ), the locking member ( 20 ) defining locking member ( 38 ) upon receipt of a movement of the locking member ( 20 ) indicating output signal of the detector ( 70 ), the drive device ( 62 ) for releasing the locking element ( 20 ) by the locking element ( 42 ) and the locking element ( 20 ) releasing locking element ( 42 ) upon receipt of a a standstill or a movement of the locking member ( 20 ) with vanishingly low speed at the output signal from the detector ( 70 ) triebsvor direction ( 62 ) controls for fixing the locking member ( 20 ). 13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the detector ( 70 ) a the speed of movement of the locking member ( 20 ) relative to the locking device ( 63 ) or the angle of rotation detector outputs an output signal indicating the speed of the door movement and that the control unit ( 66 ) outputs a signal for fixing the locking element ( 20 ) to the drive device ( 62 ) for a predeterminable period of time, as soon as the speed of the relative or rotary movement exceeds a predefinable preset value, or that the control unit ( 66 ) to the drive device ( 62 ) outputs a signal for setting the locking element ( 20 ) until the speed of the relative movement has fallen below a predeterminable pre-specified value. 14. The apparatus of claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the detector ( 70 ) a Be the movement position of the locking member ( 20 ) relative to the locking device ( 63 ) or the angle of rotation detector outputs an output signal indicating the opening position of the door ( 12 ) or the control unit ( 66 ) generates a device for determining the movement position of the locking element ( 20 ) or the opening position of the door ( 12 ) on the basis of the output signal of the detector ( 70 ) indicating a movement and that the control unit ( 66 ) briefly drives the drive device ( 62 ) Setting the locking member ( 20 ) driven by the locking member ( 42 ) when the fixed actuator ( 20 ) is in at least one predetermined movement position relative to the locking device ( 63 ). 15. The device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that a proximity detector ( 76 ) for attachment to the door ( 12 ), preferably on the door handle or in the door edge area is provided, which detects a touch of the door by hand and that the output of the proximity detector ( 76 ) is connected to an input of a control unit ( 66 ) which, when the locking element ( 20 ) defines the locking element ( 38 ) upon receipt of an output signal of the locking element ( 20 ) indicating the output of the proximity detector ( 76 actuates) the drive device (62) for releasing the locking member (20) by the locking member (42) and the freigebendem wherein the locking member (20) locking member (42) upon receipt of a stoppage or movement of the locking member (20) with vanishingly small Speed indicating output signal of the proximity detector ( 76 ) the drive device ( 62 ) for setting the Locking element ( 20 ) controls. 16. The device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that a sensor for knowing the closed position of the door ( 12 ) is provided, on the output signal indicating the taking of the closed position, the energy supply for the drive device ( 62 ) and a controlling this Control unit ( 66 ) can be switched off.