EP1400648A2 - System for opening and closing of lids, especially of tailgates of motor vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The boot flap (2) is mounted by rotary fitments to swivel between open and closed position. At least one of the fitments (8) which acts between the frame of the vehicle rear and the boot flap (2) is connected to a spring (16) whose spring force assists in the opening of the boot. The hinges or rotary joints comprise a guide rod lever (8) mounted rotationally on the frame of the vehicle rear on one side and on the boot flap on the other. A gas compression spring (9) can be provided additionally between boot flap and vehicle frame.

Description

The invention relates to a system for opening and closing flaps, in particular Tailgates of motor vehicles, the tailgate by means of the frame and flap side attached hinges or other pivots between a closed position and an open position is pivotally mounted.

Such systems are e.g. B. from DE 297 05 362 U1 and from DE 41 24 869 A1 known. In both systems, to support the movement of the tailgate between the Closed position and the open position gas springs with motor drives used.

The invention has for its object the movement of flaps in particular Tailgates between the closed position and the open position without any structural effort support in a simple and reliable way.

According to the invention it is provided that at least one of the pivot joints effective between the frame of the vehicle rear and the tailgate is so connected to a spring that the opening of the tailgate by the force of Spring is supported (claim 1). Here, as will be clear, the spring be connected to both tailgate and frame-side swivel joints.

This solution, namely the swivel between the tailgate and the frame to connect directly with a spring should be used in particular for the To facilitate opening the tailgate of motor vehicles. With the same advantage However, the invention can also be used for other flaps and lids if the The flap or the lid is opened as automatically as possible, or in any case its opening movement should be supported.

The use of a spring to support the opening movement of the tailgate can be done in practice without any structural effort, as explained in the following Embodiments emerges, realize. Mechanical springs are used because of their Reliability and preferred because of their low manufacturing costs. In the area of they can be easily and unobtrusively on the frame side or the flap side pivot bearing Attach without much space so that they act on the swivel, namely support its turning or swiveling movement when opening the tailgate. simultaneously the spring unfolds a similar effect as a gas pressure spring by one counteracts accidental slamming or slamming of the tailgate and the movement the tailgate has an overall damping effect.

According to a development of the invention it is provided that the swivel joints on the one hand on the frame of the vehicle rear and on the other hand on the tailgate swivel Mounted handlebar lever include its frame-side or flap-side pivot bearing is connected to the spring (claim 2). The direct action of the spring on a handlebar pivoted between the tailgate and the frame leads to a structurally and technically particularly simple application of the Invention both in the frame-side and in the flap-side area of the pivot bearing the handlebar.

According to a further development according to the invention it is provided that the spring is arranged in this way is that it is tensioned when the tailgate is closed (claim 3). To this The weight of the tailgate can be used to tension the spring.

It is also advantageous if the spring is designed and arranged such that the Maximum spring force when opening the tailgate immediately at the start of the swivel movement the tailgate is effective (claim 4).

This type of spring support is particularly important because it has the greatest impact unfolds, namely the greatest spring energy releases when the tailgate is unlocked and the opening movement is initiated by lifting the tailgate. To this At the time of opening, the spring support is opened by one of the tailgate by hand. But also in the case of one Motorized opening of the tailgate is the spring support at the time the weight of the flap is particularly noticeable, a considerable advantage.

The following are preferred predominantly mechanical spring arrangements as a further development of the invention:

It is preferred that the spring is a leg spring from which a spring leg e.g. on a handlebar lever engages so that the leg spring when closing the tailgate tensioned, or, if the leg spring is inserted with pre-tension, further tensioned is, and the torque and the stored spring force of the leg spring, the opening movement the tailgate supports (claim 5). This solution stands out low manufacturing costs as well as high reliability. About that the leg spring is also maintenance-free. It takes up very little space and leaves through a suitable choice of the number of turns, the wire diameter and the spring properties adapt the material to the respective need. The connection with A handlebar, flap or frame side, can affect minor adjustment measures restrict because a spring leg anyway permanently on the handlebar lever rests under spring pressure or in any case attacks the handlebar lever.

The same advantages mentioned above for using a leg spring are also valid for a spiral spring (claim 10).

For the leg spring as well as for the spiral spring there are essentially two Consider alternatives for their positioning. Then the leg spring can do the same like the spiral spring with a small distance next to the frame-side or flap-side Pivot bearing of the handlebar lever regardless of the handlebar lever on the frame or its Fitting plate or attached to the tailgate or its fitting plate (claim 6), but in such a way that the free spring leg suitably rests on the handlebar lever, and in such a way that the leg spring or coil spring is tensioned when the tailgate is closed and their spring energy stored until the tailgate is closed again Handlebar lever not far from the pivot bearing can be effective. After the other Alternatively, the leg spring or coil spring should be directly on the axis of the pivot bearing the handlebar lever are arranged. In this case there is no separate frame or flap-side attachment of the leg spring or coil spring, and the leg spring or coil spring is instead between the frame and the handlebar on its Axis arranged.

The arrangement of the spring on the fitting plate of the tailgate is particularly preferred itself, because the spring action then directly between the tailgate and the tailgate side End of the handlebar lever takes effect. This version can be optimal Realize when the spring is directly on the tailgate axis of the handlebar is arranged. Both come for this preferred embodiment Leg springs as well as spiral springs. The arrangement is the same for both types of springs on the axis of the handlebar lever in a simple manner, and in both cases the spring force acts directly on the part to be lifted, namely the tailgate or on its fitting plate. Because there stands or comes a long one Leg of the leg spring comprising several turns or the outer long end the coil spring in contact with the tailgate hardware.

So slight relative movements between the stop point of the spring leg and the fitting plate no unwanted noise and / or permanent wear cause, are suitable sliding elements made of plastic on or in the fitting plate arranged, on which preferably the end of the long leg of the leg spring or the end of the outer arm of the coil spring comes to rest, either permanently or if the tailgate is already part of it when you close it Swivel movement.

Particularly simple and effective bearings both for the execution with one Leg spring as well as for the version with a spiral spring result from the Embodiments described later.

According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the spring is a tension spring or a coil spring, one end of which is attached to the handlebar lever - e.g. at a Lever extension of the handlebar lever - and the other end so on the frame or whose fitting plate or attached to the tailgate or its fitting plate that the tension spring is tensioned or tensioned further when the tailgate is in the open position pivoted into the closed position and the spring tension the opening movement of the Tailgate supported (claim 8). This version can also be done with little Realize manufacturing costs because a tension spring or coil spring used here Art is inexpensive and with its ends only in appropriate holes or the like in the handlebar or an extension thereof on the one hand and the Frame or the tailgate on the other hand needs to be hooked. For the rest is the effect similar to that of the leg spring or spiral spring.

Finally, a compression spring comes into consideration as a spring, which is provided by the handlebar lever when opening the tailgate is compressed resiliently and its spring force Opening movement of the tailgate supported (claim 9). For this, the compression spring attached to a welded tab or the like so that it with the handlebar not far from whose pivot bearing is in contact or comes in contact when the tailgate closed and the handlebar lever is pivoted accordingly. With the compression spring can it be e.g. around a coil spring arranged in a cylindrical housing act, of which a contact part in the form of a pin or a ball or the like protrudes and comes into contact with the handlebar lever.

It is also possible that the spring is a torsion spring (claim 11), for example one Rubber torsion spring, which is known to be a compact and insensitive as well as inexpensive Solution forms, especially since it includes a pivot bearing.

According to a development of the invention it is provided that between the tailgate and the frame is additionally provided with a gas pressure spring, which pivots the Tailgate next to the swivel that interacts with the spring, e.g. the handlebar controls and supports (claim 12). In this respect, overlap or complement each other the effects of and associated with the handlebar lever Spring with the gas pressure spring, which has a specific characteristic for the control and Has support for the movement of the tailgate. Due to the large opening angle the tailgate, the gas strut usually has kinematics that immediately after releasing the lock of the tailgate to open it only one relative allows little support of the opening movement by the gas spring. That is why strived according to the invention that after opening the tailgate by release the locking primarily the mechanical spring interacting with the handlebar lever should act, while the gas pressure spring accompanies the opening in the first section or controls. In the second stage, the gas pressure spring mainly takes over the further opening the tailgate up to the maximum opening angle, while the mechanical spring on Handlebar lever or on the relevant pivot bearing the opening movement - depending on the type of spring - only slightly or no longer supported.

It is preferably provided that the swivel connection between the tailgate and the frame from the handlebar and also on the frame and tailgate side Articulated rotary lever, which form a pivot bearing that the course of the Swiveling movement of the tailgate between the closed position and the open position of the Tailgate determined (claim 13). Rotary bearings of this type are already used, to guide the tailgate into a position that is as large as possible when opening Allows access to the trunk of the motor vehicle. In this case, for Spring support of the handlebar lever usually located further back is preferred, so that the rotary lever only has a travel control function together with the spring-assisted one Handlebar lever takes over. It does not matter whether the spring support acts on the flap or on the frame-side linkage of the lever.

In particular for the manufacture and assembly of the system according to the invention, that the frame-side and the tailgate-side attachment of the pivot bearing by means of the fitting plates on which the swivel joints are arranged e.g. the handlebar lever with the spring and the rotary lever and, if present, the gas pressure spring are articulated (claim 14). In this way, the right and left sides Fittings with the springs and handlebars are completely prefabricated for assembly. The hardware plates then only need on the sides of the frame of the vehicle rear to be attached to the trunk while the metal fittings at the other end the fittings take up the tailgate.

Springs are expediently used on both sides of the tailgate (claim 15).

Fig. 1:

eine schematische, perspektivische Ansicht eines Teils eines Kraftfahrzeughecks mit geöffnetem Kofferraum, d.h. mit einer Heckklappe in der Offenstellung;

Fig. 2:

eine Seitenansicht eines Beschlags für ein System zum Öffnen und Schließen der Heckklappe für ein Kraftfahrzeug der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Art, mit einer Öffnungshilfe in Gestalt einer auf einen Lenkerhebel wirkenden Schenkelfeder, die neben einem rahmenseitigen Drehlager des Lenkerhebels an einem Beschlag befestigt ist, wobei sich die Heckklappe in der Offenstellung befindet;

Fig. 3.

eine Seitenansicht des Beschlages von Fig. 2, wobei sich die Heckklappe jedoch in der Schließstellung befindet;

Fig. 4:

eine Seitenansicht eines Teils eines Beschlages wie in Fig. 2, jedoch mit einer auf den Lenkerhebel wirkenden Schenkelfeder, die auf der Achse des Drehlagers des Lenkerhebels angeordnet ist;

Fig. 5:

eine Draufsicht des Beschlages von Fig. 4;

Fig. 6:

eine Seitenansicht wie in Fig. 4, jedoch mit einer auf den Lenkerhebel wirkenden Zugfeder bzw. Schraubenfeder;

Fig. 7:

eine Seitenansicht eines Teils des Beschlages wie in Fig. 4 und 6, jedoch mit einer auf den Lenkerhebel wirkenden Druckfeder;

Fig. 8:

eine ähnlich Seitenansicht eines Beschlages wie in Fig. 3, jedoch mit einer Schenkelfeder, die am anderen Ende des Lenkerhebels auf dessen Drehlagerachse an dem klappenseitigen Beschlag angeordnet ist;

Fig. 8a:

eine zusätzliche Teilansicht zu Fig. 8 unter einem anderen Blickwinkel;

Fig. 9:

eine Seitenansicht des Beschlages wie in Fig. 8, jedoch mit einer Spiralfeder, die zwischen dem Lenkerhebel und dem klappenseitigen Beschlag wirksam ist;

Fig. 9a:

eine weitere Teilansicht zu Fig. 9 unter einem anderen Blickwinkel;

Fig. 10:

eine perspektivische Teilansicht der Anlenkung eines Lenkerhebels an einem Beschlagblech mit einer zur Aufnahme einer Spiralfeder vorbereiteten Drehachse;

Fig. 11:

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer für die Konstruktion nach Fig. 10 bestimmten Spiralfeder;

Fig. 12:

eine weitere perspektivische Teilansicht zu Fig. 10 unter einem anderen Blickwinkel;

Fig. 13:

eine Seitenansicht der sich aus Fig. 10 - 12 ergebenden Konstruktion des Beschlages in einer Offenstellung einer Heckklappe eines Kraftfahrzeugs;

Fig. 14:

eine Teilansicht des Beschlages von Fig. 13 in der Schließstellung der Heckklappe mit entsprechend gespannter Spiralfeder.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. The drawings show:

Fig. 1:

is a schematic, perspective view of part of a vehicle rear with an open trunk, ie with a tailgate in the open position;

Fig. 2:

a side view of a fitting for a system for opening and closing the tailgate for a motor vehicle of the type shown in Fig. 1, with an opening aid in the form of a leg spring acting on a handlebar lever, which is attached to a frame-side pivot bearing of the handlebar lever on a fitting, wherein the tailgate is in the open position;

Fig. 3.

a side view of the fitting of Figure 2, but the tailgate is in the closed position.

Fig. 4:

a side view of part of a fitting as in Figure 2, but with a leg spring acting on the handlebar, which is arranged on the axis of the pivot bearing of the handlebar.

Fig. 5:

a plan view of the fitting of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6:

a side view as in Figure 4, but with a tension spring or coil spring acting on the handlebar lever;

Fig. 7:

a side view of part of the fitting as in Figures 4 and 6, but with a compression spring acting on the handlebar lever;

Fig. 8:

a side view similar to a fitting as in Figure 3, but with a leg spring, which is arranged at the other end of the handlebar lever on its pivot axis on the flap-side fitting.

8a:

an additional partial view of Figure 8 from a different angle;

Fig. 9:

a side view of the fitting as in Figure 8, but with a coil spring which is effective between the handlebar and the flap-side fitting.

Fig. 9a:

another partial view of Figure 9 from a different angle;

Fig. 10:

a partial perspective view of the articulation of a handlebar lever on a fitting plate with an axis of rotation prepared for receiving a coil spring;

Fig. 11:

a perspective view of a coil spring intended for the construction of FIG. 10;

Fig. 12:

another perspective partial view of Figure 10 from a different angle;

Fig. 13:

a side view of the construction of the fitting resulting from FIGS. 10-12 in an open position of a tailgate of a motor vehicle;

Fig. 14:

a partial view of the fitting of Fig. 13 in the closed position of the tailgate with a correspondingly tensioned coil spring.

A trunk 1 in the rear of a motor vehicle has a tailgate 2, which means Fittings 3, of which the right-hand fitting 3 can be seen in Fig. 1, between the shown open position and a closed position, not shown, for closing the trunk 1 is pivotable.

The fitting 3 consists of a fitting plate attached to the frame 4 of the trunk 1 5 and a fitting plate 6 fastened to the tailgate 2, on which, as shown in FIG. 1 shows - arranged from the inside out - a rotary lever 7 and one with this one Handlebar lever 8 forming the pivot bearing and a gas pressure spring 9 are articulated.

The structure of the fitting 3 is shown in detail in Fig. 2, where the only indicated Tailgate 2 is in the open position, the a certain current position of the parts of the Fitting 3 corresponds. In contrast, the tailgate 2 is in Figure 3 in the Closed position where the parts of the fitting 3 one of these closed position of the tailgate 2 Assume the appropriate arrangement and position.

The ends of the rotary lever 7 are on the fitting plates 5, 6 with corresponding pivot bearings 10, 11 articulated. The articulation of the handlebar lever 8 on the fitting plates 5, 6 take over pivot bearing 12,13. And the gas pressure spring 9 is in the usual way with ball heads at their ends in corresponding pivot bearings 14, 15 of the fitting plates 5, 6 stored.

The rotary lever 7 and the handlebar lever 8 form a pivot bearing with the fitting plates 5, 6, with the desired pivoting movement of the tailgate 2 from the open position (Fig. 2) in the closed position (Fig. 3) is movable by hand. In this embodiment no motor support is provided. The movement is carried out by the gas pressure spring 9 controlled in a conventional manner, and the gas pressure spring 9 prevents unintentional slamming of the tailgate 2.

In addition to the frame-side pivot bearing 12 of the handlebar lever 8, as shown in FIG. 2, as a spring 16 a leg spring 16a mounted on an axis 17 on the fitting plate 5 so that a Free spring leg 18 on the narrow side 22 of the leg spring 16a Handlebar lever 8 abuts and the other free spring leg 19 on a narrow side 21 of the Fitting plate 5 is held. The free spring leg 18 preferably has one at the end Roller 20, which with a U-shaped to the cross section of the handlebar lever 8 External profile with the narrow side 22 of the handlebar lever 8 is engaged and on this can roll off.

The fitting 3 is prefabricated as a whole and can be screwed 23, 24 to the Attach the frame of the trunk 1, as shown in Fig. 1, while the fitting plate 6 is attached to the tailgate 2.

If the tailgate 2 is to be closed, i.e. by hand from the open position (Fig. 2) is moved into the closed position (Fig. 3), the rotary lever 7 and the handlebar 8 pivoted in the direction of arrow P1 or P2 (Fig. 2), while the fitting plate 6 with the Tailgate 2 an essentially opposite pivoting and translational movement (cf. Arrow P3 at the top in FIG. 2) executes until the closed position shown in FIG. 3 is reached. During this movement, the handlebar lever 8 takes the free leg end 18 of the leg spring 16a with (pivoting to the left with reference to Fig. 2), so that the leg spring 16a tensioned or in the case of a preload is further tensioned so that the leg spring 16a in the closed position of the tailgate 2 according to FIG. 3 via stored spring energy features. The gas pressure spring 9 is also tensioned.

When the tailgate 2 is opened, the tailgate is unlocked first 2 instead, so that it pops up. At that moment, the stored spring force energy the leg spring 16a effective, and under that of the leg spring 16a on the handlebar 8 pressure force exerts the handlebar lever 8 against the direction of the arrow in Fig. 2 upwards. The rotary lever 7 and the other movable fittings as well as the tailgate 2 swiveled or carried. The gas pressure spring 9 supports and controls the sequence of this section of the opening movement with a dampening effect. After reaching a certain opening angle of the tailgate 2, the gas pressure spring 9 becomes fully effective and takes over the greater part of the spring support the manual operation of the tailgate 2 while supporting the Movement of the tailgate 2 by the leg spring 16a decreases somewhat. That way 2 is reached, in which the gas pressure spring 9 the tailgate 2 holds open.

The mode of operation of the other exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 4-7 corresponds to essentially the structure of the fitting 3 described above and the resulting resulting motion sequence. However, the spring support of the handlebar lever 8 each designed in a different way.

In the embodiment in Fig. 4, the spring 16 is as in the previously described Exemplary embodiment also from a leg spring 16b. However, this is immediate mounted on the axis of rotation 28 of the pivot bearing 12 of the handlebar lever 8. One at the inner narrow side 22 of the handlebar lever 8 adjacent free spring leg 25 of the Leg spring 16b is deflected when the leg spring 16b is tensioned while the other free end 26 of the leg spring 16b either by bending over the upper Narrow side 21 of the fitting plate 5 or by embossed or punched projections is set on the fitting plate 5. The illustration in FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrates the small footprint of the spring 16 in this embodiment, and it lies on the Hand that such a leg spring 16b to manufacture and with low manufacturing costs is to be used. A leg spring 16b made of wire is preferred. The leg spring 16b is preferably used with pre-tension. The interpretation of the leg spring 16b is adapted to the respective need.

In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the handlebar lever 8 has one at the lower end Lever extension 29 with an opening 30 at the lower end. In the opening 30 is a End of a tension spring or helical spring 16c used as spring 16, whose the other end is attached to the fitting plate 5 in an eyelet 32 or the like. The Tension and relaxation with release of the stored spring energy when closing and Opening the tailgate 2 also takes place in this exemplary embodiment as has been described in connection with the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 2-3.

In the embodiment of Fig. 7, the handlebar lever 8 by a as a compression spring 16d trained spring 16 supported when opening the tailgate 2. On one on the Fitting plate 5 attached console 35, a sleeve 36 is adjustably attached. The sleeve 36 serves as the housing of a compression spring, not shown, with a corresponding axial resilient contact element 37 at the upper end, with the narrow side 22 of the handlebar lever 8, which is adapted for this purpose, is in engagement or at least when closing the tailgate 2 engages so that the compression spring 16d its stored Spring energy to support the opening movement of the tailgate 3 on the handlebar 8 can act when the tailgate 2 is opened. Otherwise, the Structure and operation of the fitting 3 in this embodiment in Principle the same as in the embodiment described above according to FIGS. 2 and Third

In contrast to the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 2-7, where the spring 16 each between the frame-side fitting plate 5 and the lower end of the handlebar 8 acts and in this respect is arranged on the frame side, the spring 16 is located in the others Embodiments of FIGS. 8 and 9 each at the upper end of the handlebar 8 with flap-side arrangement or action of the spring 16 on the fitting plate 6. Die direct action of the spring 16 from the upper end of the handlebar lever 8 on the tailgate-side fitting plate 6 has proven to be very advantageous, so that this Order is clearly preferred. If, as will become clear below, in addition, a simple arrangement of the spring 16 on the axis of rotation 28 'of Pivot bearing 13 of the handlebar lever 8 is made on the fitting plate 6, a ideal constructive and practical integration of the spring 16 in the pivot bearing 13 with simultaneous effective support of the spring 16 as an opening aid by a corresponding effective transmission of the spring force to the fitting plate 6.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, a leg spring 16b 'is on the Axis of rotation 28 'of the pivot bearing 13 of the handlebar lever 8 is arranged on the fitting plate 6. At the same time, Fig. 8a is to be used, where the leg spring 16b 'with the adjacent Components from a different perspective is shown. However, here is the Rotary lever 7 on the other side of the fitting plate 6 in relation to the handlebar lever 8. A free spring leg 25 'of the leg spring 16b' engages, as shown in Fig. 8, in an opening 29 of the handlebar lever 8, while the other free spring leg 26 'one engages under angled part 6a of the fitting plate 6. A not shown separately Sliding element at point 6c preferably made of plastic on the underside of the angled Part 6a of the fitting plate 6 supports slight relative movements between the spring leg 26 'and the part 6a and avoids unwanted noise when the slide both of the above components on each other. Because of this arrangement, the Force of the leg spring 16b 'in the closed position of the tailgate 2 against that at the Bottom of the tailgate 2 attached fitting plate 6, so that the spring force is effective is as soon as the tailgate 2 is unlocked when it is opened. Otherwise on the leg spring arrangement in FIGS. 4 and 5 and on the above description the operation of the spring 16 in the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 3 reference taken. However, it is emphasized again that the arrangement of the spring 16 on this Body is particularly effective for the reasons mentioned above.

The same advantages apply in principle to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 9 Taking into account Fig. 9a, where the rotary lever 7 on the other side of the fitting plate 6 is arranged as a 90 ° rotated view of this embodiment. Here acts as spring 16 a spiral spring 16e ', which consists of a relatively wide spring steel strip with a correspondingly high spring force reserve and in the pivot bearing 13 of Handlebar lever 8 is attached to the axis of rotation 28 'and the free spring leg 30' the point 31 on the angled part 6a of the fitting plate 6 of the tailgate 2 attacks. Here, too, to avoid noise, a sliding element 32 made of plastic on the Part 6a of the fitting plate 6 are arranged, with which the spring leg 30 ' Coil spring 16e 'is engaged or in any case during the closing movement of the tailgate comes into engagement. The operation of the spiral spring 16e 'corresponds essentially to that Leg spring 16b 'of the exemplary embodiment advantageously arranged in a similar manner of Fig. 8. Otherwise, this embodiment also refers to the above Description referred to where in connection with the embodiment of 2 and 3, the basic operation of the spring 16 and the sequence when opening and closing the tailgate 2 is described in detail.

The exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 9 and 9a is shown in more detail in FIGS. 10-14, so on the one hand the constructive structure and on the other hand the function and effect of the Coil spring 16e 'becomes clearer than from the more schematic representations of FIG. 9 and 9a.

From FIGS. 10 and 12 it can be seen that the axis of rotation 28 ', which is used here for receiving the in FIG. 11 coil spring 16e 'is prepared, consists of several sections. The rotatable mounting of the handlebar lever 8 on the fitting plate 6 does not take place by one visible pivot section in a likewise not visible bearing opening in the Fitting plate 6 instead. The axial fixing is carried out by a disk section 34 rotationally fixed to the end of the handlebar 8 axis of rotation 28 'on one side and a rivet 33 on the other side at the end of the axis of rotation 28 '. Of the The disk section 34 projects from a square section 35, to which a rivet pin is attached 36 connects. The square section 35 corresponds to a square opening 35 ' is formed by the inner spring end of the coil spring 16e '.

During assembly, the spiral spring 16e 'can be seen in FIGS. 13 and 14 Position placed on the square section 35 of the axis of rotation 28 'with an interference fit up to the stop on the disc section 34. For the axial securing of the spiral spring 16e 'is then with the rivet bolt 36 and with the interposition of a not shown Cover plate made a corresponding rivet head.

On the underside of the angled part 6a of the fitting plate 6 is a sliding element 32 ' attached, which can be positioned and fixed with a corresponding part in an opening 36 'extends on part 6a. The free element comes with the sliding element 32 ' Spring leg 30 'of the spiral spring 16e' when pivoting the tailgate from the in Fig. 13 shown open position engages in the closed position and in this way, 14 shows, excited. The spring force thus stored comes into effect as soon as the Tailgate is unlocked and springs open under the action of the coil spring 16e ' the free spring leg 30 'presses the fitting plate 6 against the part 6a. With regard to the further process and also with regard to the interaction with the Gas spring 9 is based on the previous description of other embodiments Referred.

Claims (15)

System for opening and closing hatches, in particular hatchbacks of motor vehicles, the hatchback being pivotally mounted between a closed position and an open position by means of hinges or other pivot joints attached to the frame and hatch side, characterized in that at least one of the frames (4) of the Vehicle rear and the tailgate (2) effective pivot joints is connected to a spring (16) such that the opening of the tailgate (2) is supported by the force of the spring (16). System according to Claim 1, characterized in that the swivel joints comprise a control lever (8) which is mounted on the one hand on the frame (4) of the vehicle rear and on the other hand on the tailgate (2), the frame-side or flap-side pivot bearing (12, 13) with the spring ( 16) is connected. System according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spring (16) is arranged in such a way that it is tensioned when the tailgate (2) is closed. System according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the spring (16) is designed and arranged such that the greatest spring force is effective when the tailgate (2) is opened immediately at the start of the pivoting movement of the tailgate (2). System according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the spring (16) is a leg spring (16a, 16b; 16b '), from which a spring leg (18, 25; 25') acts on the handlebar lever (8) that the leg spring (16a; 16b; 16b ') is tensioned when the tailgate (2) is closed, or, if the leg spring (16a; 16b; 16') is inserted with pretension, it is tensioned further, and the spring force of the leg spring (16a , 16b; 16b ') supports the opening movement of the tailgate (2). System according to claim 5, characterized in that the leg spring (16a) next to the frame or flap-side pivot bearing (12; 13) of the handlebar lever (8) on the frame (4) or its fitting plate (5) or on the tailgate (2) or the fitting plate (6) is attached. System according to claim 5, characterized in that the leg spring (16b; 16b ') is arranged on the axis (28; 28') of the pivot bearing (12; 13) of the handlebar lever (8). System according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the spring (16) is a tension spring (helical spring) (16c), one end of which is attached to the handlebar lever (8) - for example to a lever extension (29) of the handlebar lever ( 8) - and the other end on the frame (4) or its fitting plate (5) or on the tailgate (2) or its fitting plate (6) is attached so that the tension spring (16c) is tensioned or further tensioned when the tailgate (2) is pivoted from the open position to the closed position, and the spring force supports the opening movement of the tailgate (2). System according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the spring (16) is a compression spring (16d) which is compressed by the handlebar lever (8) when the tailgate (2) is opened and whose spring force is the opening movement of the tailgate ( 2) supported. System according to one of Claims 1-4, characterized in that the spring (16) is a spiral spring (16e '), one end of which is attached to the handlebar lever (8) and the other end to the frame (4) or whose fitting plate (5) or on the tailgate (2) or its fitting plate (6) is attached so that the coil spring (16e ') is tensioned or further tensioned when the tailgate (2) is pivoted from the open position into the closed position , and the coil spring force supports the opening movement of the tailgate (2). System according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the spring (16) is a torsion spring. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a gas pressure spring (9) is provided between the tailgate (2) and the frame (4), which adjusts the pivoting movement of the tailgate (2) in addition to the swivel joint which cooperates with the spring (16) For example, the handlebar lever (8) controls and supports. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the swivel connection between the tailgate (2) and the frame (4) consists of the handlebar lever (8) and a pivot lever (7) which is also articulated on the frame and tailgate sides and which form a pivot bearing , which determines the course of the pivoting movement of the tailgate (2) between the closed position and the open position of the tailgate (2). System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frame-side and the tailgate-side fastening of the rotary bearing is carried out by means of the fitting plates (5, 6) on which the rotary joints are arranged, for example the handlebar lever (8) with the spring (16) and the rotary lever (7) and, if present, the gas pressure spring (9) are articulated. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that springs (16) are used on both sides of the tailgate (2).

Images