DE4117584B4 - Split flywheel - Google Patents

Abstract

divided Flywheel (1) with a first, attachable to an output shaft of an internal combustion engine and a second, connectable to the input shaft of a transmission Flywheel (2, 3, 202, 203), via a bearing (4, 6a) to each other rotatably mounted and over a damping device (7) drivingly coupled are, wherein the damping device in the circumferential direction effective energy storage (8, 208), the in a radially outward direction towards the components of the first flywheel limited annular space (9, 209) are received and provided by means of the flywheel masses Beaufschlagungsbereichen at a relative rotation of the flywheel masses are elastically deformable, wherein the annular space (9, 209) of the first flywheel radially outward over the Circumferentially distributed, segmental, radially inwardly open bulges (15; 209b) for receiving the energy storage has, at the end contours of the admission areas (17; 212, 213, 312, 313) of the first flywheel are provided, wherein the second flywheel mass has axial regions (14) in which the energy store (8, 208, ...

Description

The invention relates to split flywheels, as for example by the DE 37 21 705 A1 , the DE 39 19 545 A1 or the EP 270 980 A2 have become known. These have a first, attachable to an internal combustion engine and a second, via a clutch to a transmission and uncoupled flywheel, which are mounted rotatably relative to each other via a bearing. An effective between the two masses damping device has circumferentially effective energy stores in the form of helical compression springs, which are housed in a, at least substantially sealed to the atmosphere, annular space, which is here formed by taking into account sections of the first flywheel, which at least partially a viscous medium, such as fat or oil may be filled.

such Split or dual mass flywheels are common in vehicle use proven and are so far, especially in vehicles where the axial Space is not so extremely cramped, as this is e.g. with such Transverse arrangement of the drive unit engine and transmission often the Case has been used, namely mainly on vehicles with longitudinal arrangement of engine and transmission. For Motor vehicles with very limited installation space for the drive unit, in particular for such with transverse arrangement of engine and transmission, could such Dual mass flywheels just because of limited space, not in them enforce technically appropriate way. Besides, the previous ones were Construction generally reserved for vehicles of higher price.

Of the present invention was based on the object, a torque transmission device, as in particular a split flywheel, to create that both for themselves, but also with any additional unit required, such as B. a downstream friction clutch, by extremely small axial dimensions, which among other things the application is possible with transversely mounted drive units. About that In addition, an optimal function and the achievement of optimal Torque or damping rates guaranteed be. Furthermore, the generated by the internal combustion engine, often irregular Vibrations, such as torsional, axial and bending vibrations, degraded or absorbed or absorbed and also such facilities or aggregates inexpensive to produce and easy to install be - both for themselves as well as aggregate on other aggregates, such. B. on the crankshaft an internal combustion engine - and a higher one Have life. At the same time should also possible resource- and environmentally friendly aspects are taken into account, eg B. by optimum utilization of the materials used or a waste-preventing construction and manufacturing. Furthermore should be in the axial and radial space as well as in the function preferably integrated aggregate.

These objects are achieved according to the invention at least partially already by the features of claim 1 in an advantageous manner. For the construction and the function of the split flywheel, it is inventively advantageous if the second flywheel has radially outwardly in the circumferential direction segmentally arranged bulges or depressions in which the force acting in the circumferential direction of energy storage, such as helical compression springs, are added. In the same way, the first flywheel mass radially distributed outside over the circumference, have segment-shaped bulges or depressions, for receiving this energy storage. The bulges can be designed such that the bulges introduced in the first flywheel are substantially radially inwardly open and the bulges of the second flywheel are substantially radially outwardly open, wherein the bulges of the first and the second flywheel in pairs opposite and form a sector of a circumferentially extending, toroidal area. The depth of the bulges can be designed such that the ends of the energy storage are each acted upon at least approximately half the diameter of the first and second flywheel. A particularly simple structure of the split flywheel can be ensured by the fact that between the distributed over the circumference, segmental bulges Beeaufungsungsbereiche for the energy storage are integral with the respective flywheel. When using sheet metal parts to form a flywheel these Beaufschlagungsbereiche may be formed by embossed into the sheet pockets. When using a cast flywheel, the loading areas can be formed by correspondingly molded projections, such as lugs. However, it may also be useful for some applications if the Beaufschlagungsbereiche are formed by individual, applied components that can be riveted or welded with the corresponding flywheel, for example. The axial depth can be reduced even further, if, according to a further inventive feature that on the second Flywheel for engaging the clutch disc of the clutch assembly provided friction surface is immersed axially in the area enclosed by the annular space area. Furthermore, at least the pressure plate of the provided on the second flywheel friction clutch and the clutch disc can be accommodated substantially in the space enclosed by the annular space axial space. The clutch disc and the pressure plate can extend radially outward only up to at least approximately to the innermost, so smallest, diameter of the force accumulator effective in the circumferential direction.

Appropriately it for the structure of the flywheel will continue to be when the first flywheel a radially extending, disc-shaped or plate-shaped area for attachment to the output shaft of a motor, wherein this area radially outward in the direction of the second flywheel axially extending areas, which the annular Space radially outward limit and at least substantially seal. The axially extending areas can in an advantageous manner to the formation of the annular space at her the discoid Area facing away from free end a radially inwardly extending Wall carry, with this wall radially inward only at least approximately on the outer contour extend the second flywheel and can surround the storage.

For the thermal Resilience of the flywheel, it may be particularly useful if between first and second flywheel at least approximately in radial area of the friction surface the second flywheel an air gap is present, wherein the first flywheel in the radial region of the air gap axial openings for the passage a cooling air flow can have. It can help to improve the cooling of Be beneficial if the second flywheel in the region of the air gap additional Provision for increase the heat transfer, such as cooling fins, having.

For the damping characteristic the split flywheel, it may also be advantageous if an additional Friction device is provided, said friction in the radially inner region of the second flywheel in a particularly space-saving Way can be provided. It can be useful if the friction device generates a so-called dragged friction.

The Sealing the, containing a viscous medium, annular space can be achieved in a particularly simple manner that between the supported by the first flywheel radial wall and the second flywheel is provided a seal. Another seal can advantageously at least approximately in the region of the radial innermost sections of introduced into the second flywheel Indentations between this second flywheel and the first Flywheel be provided. It is particularly useful if at least a seal in the area adjacent to the springs between the first and second flywheel is arranged. The seal can be because at nestle on the springs. By such an arrangement a Seal can be the annular one Chamber relatively small held, and the radial portions of the second flywheel, where the clutch disc attacks, can be cooled by an air flow. The seal or seals can in a simple manner by an axially braced plate spring-like Component be formed on the one hand on the first flywheel and on the other hand supported on the second flywheel. According to one another embodiment At least one seal can be formed by a labyrinth seal be, so by a virtually non-contact seal.

• – eine die erste Schwungmasse bildende, an der Kurbelwelle befestigbare Platte, die gehäuseförmig bzw. schalenförmig ausgebildet sein kann,
• – eine zweite, axial daneben angeordnete, relativ dazu verdrehbare, eine Reibfläche für die Reibbeläge einer Kupplungsscheibe aufweisende Schwungmasse,
• – ein axial zwischen der ersten Schwungmasse und der zweiten Schwungmasse vorgesehener Luftspalt,
• – ein im radial äußeren Bereich der ersten Schwungmasse im Wesentlichen abgedichteter, eine Dämpfungseinrichtung aufnehmender, ringförmiger Raum,
• – eine an der zweiten Schwungmasse unter Zwischenlegung einer Kupplungsscheibe befestigte Reibungskupplung,
• – eine zwischen erster und zweiter Schwungmasse vorgesehene Lagerung.

A particularly simple construction and a simple assembly as well as an inexpensive production and a reliable function of a split flywheel are made possible by the following structure:

• A plate which can be fastened to the crankshaft and forms the first flywheel mass, which can be designed in the form of a shell or a shell,
• A second, axially arranged next thereto, rotatable relative thereto, a friction surface for the friction linings of a clutch disc having flywheel,
• An air gap provided axially between the first flywheel and the second flywheel,
• A ring-shaped space which is substantially sealed in the radially outer region of the first flywheel and accommodates a damping device,
• A friction clutch attached to the second flywheel with the interposition of a clutch disc,
• - An intended between the first and second flywheel storage.

• – die erste Schwungmasse,
• – die zweite Schwungmasse,
• – die Kupplungsscheibe,
• – die eine Reibfläche für die Kupplungsscheibe aufweisende Druckplatte der Reibungskupplung
• – die zwischen Druckplatte und Deckel der Reibungskupplung verspannte Tellerfeder
• – den Kupplungsdeckel.

In such a structure, it may be particularly advantageous if the flywheel has the following components in the order of the axial listing:

• - the first flywheel,
• - the second flywheel,
• - the clutch disc,
• - The one friction surface for the clutch disc having pressure plate of the friction clutch
• - Between the pressure plate and the lid of Rei Clutch clamped plate spring
• - the clutch cover.

Based on 1 to 4 the inventive solutions are explained in more detail. Showing:

1 a section through a dual mass flywheel with screwed friction clutch,

2 one in a dual mass flywheel according to 1 usable seal,

3 one in a dual mass flywheel according to 1 usable friction device,

4 one in a dual mass flywheel according to 1 usable storage facility and

the 5 and 6 various sections through further configured according to the invention torque transfer devices.

In 1 is the split flywheel 1 with attachable to the not shown crankshaft of the internal combustion engine first or primary flywheel 2 as well as with the second or secondary flywheel 3 recognizable. The momentum 2 and 3 are about a storage 4 rotatably mounted to each other. On the second swing mass 3 is the friction clutch 5 with the interposition of the clutch disc 6 attached, over which the likewise not subscribed transmission can be connected and disconnected.

It is still recognizable between the two momentum 2 and 3 effective damping device 7 , the helical compression springs 8th owns and which in an annular space 9 , which is a toroidal area 9a is formed, which is at least partially filled with a viscous medium, such as a grease, which may be a pure lubricant.

The primary flywheel 2 is predominantly a sheet metal body 2a formed, which has a substantially planar and radially extending portion 2 B owns, the radially inside holes 10 has, in which fastening screws 11 for attaching the flywheel 1 are added to the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine. The radial area 2 B goes radially outward into an axially extending region 12 over, moving in the direction of the second flywheel 3 or the clutch 5 extends and the annular space 9 bounded radially outwards. It can be seen that the annular space 9 or the torus-like region 9a with immediate reference to sections of the sheet metal body 2a is formed or shaped. The embodiment of the sheet metal body 2a is done such that the toroidal region 9a opposite the radial region 2 B offset in the direction away from the engine.

At its the radial area 2 B opposite end carries the axially extending portion 12 a radially inwardly extending wall 13 , which also contribute to the formation or delimitation of the annular space 9 serves. This wall 13 is radially outward with the sheet metal body 2a welded and extends radially inwardly only to at least approximately to the outer diameter of the second flywheel 3 , To limit the annular space 9 or its torus-like region 9a continue to serve the radially outer contours and the radially outer regions 14 the second flywheel 3 ,

To act on the energy storage 8th owns the first flywheel 2 radially outwardly distributed over the circumference segmental bulges 15 that are open radially inward. Similarly, the second flywheel also has 3 at radially outer regions extending in the circumferential direction, segmentally arranged bulges 16 that the bulges 15 facing the first flywheel. The bulges 15 . 16 are doing, as this particular from the lower half of 1 can be seen, essentially designed so that they the energy storage 8th , viewed over the diameter, each record at least approximately half. The between the circumferentially distributed segmental bulges 15 . 16 intended areas of application 17 . 18 for the energy storage 8th are one-piece with the respective flywheel 2 . 3 educated. The admission areas 17 of the primary flywheel 2 are through in the sheet metal part 2a embossed pockets formed. The admission areas 18 are by nose-shaped projections, which are attached to the flywheel 3 are molded, formed. As from the lower half of the 1 is apparent, are the admission areas 17 . 18 for the energy storage 8th arranged radially one above the other. By such a configuration, the toroidal region 9a essentially at least approximately halfway through one of the flywheels 2 . 3 educated.

The rolling bearing 4 is at least approximately at the same radial height as the power storage and the side of these and within the sealed annular space 9 intended. The rolling bearing 4 consists of balls 19 that extends over the entire circumference of the second flywheel 3 or the institution are distributed and between careers 20 . 21 . 22 that from the first 2 or the second flywheel 3 are worn, are included. The raceways 20 . 21 . 22 extend over the entire circumference, so are continuous. The rolling bearing 4 is on the side facing away from the engine of the energy storage 8th intended. The career 22 is directly on the outer circumference of the second flywheel 3 formed. The career 22 is designed such that the balls 19 only at two axially beab stood areas on the track 22 abut, so practically a two-point contact takes place. The career 21 is also directly to the radially extending wall section 13 formed. The career 20 is in the radially inner region of the plate spring 23 provided at least approximately in the radially outer diameter region of the springs 8th is arranged. The raceways 21 and 20 are formed such that between these and the balls 19 only a point contact takes place, so that the rolling bearing 4 forms a so-called four-point storage. The axially between the radial wall 13 and the energy stores 8th provided plate spring 23 is installed in tensioned condition. This is supported by the diaphragm spring 23 with radially outer areas at a gradation 24 of the axially extending region 12 from and applied radially inside with her career 20 the balls 19 of the rolling bearing 4 , By this elastic loading, the balls 19 between the support points or support areas of the raceways 20 . 21 . 22 clamped so that a play-free storage is available.

In that at least the diaphragm spring 23 which the balls 19 acted upon, is resilient, manufacturing tolerances, especially in the field of storage 4 , As well as different (or unequal) thermal expansion phenomena between the individual components are compensated. This can also be the radial wall 13 which the career 21 carries elastically or resiliently formed. To reduce wear in the area of the raceways 20 . 21 . 22 For example, at least one of these tracks may be hardened, such as laser hardened. Such a cure is particularly suitable for the career 22 at which the secondary flywheel 3 forming casting is formed on. To reduce wear in the raceways, however, these can also be coated. For example, a hard nickel coating can be applied. The wear in the area of storage is further reduced by the fact that the filling of the annular chamber 9 with a viscous medium such that the rolling elements 19 at least partially immersed in the viscous medium.

The balls 19 the rolling bearing 6 can be arranged virtually without clearance over the entire circumference, so that a so-called full spherical bearing is present, or it can these balls 19 in a cage 25 be held, which keeps them at a certain distance and evenly distributed over the circumference. For sealing the annular space 9 is between a radially inner portion of the radial wall 13 and one side of the camp 4 provided shoulder 26 the flywheel 3 a plate spring-like component 27 axially braced. Furthermore, for sealing a plate-spring-like component 28 between the radial area 2 B of the bowl-shaped sheet metal part 2a and the engine-facing side of the second flywheel 3 braced. The plate spring-like component 28 is at least approximately in the region of the radially innermost portions of the introduced into the second flywheel indentations 16 between the second flywheel 3 and the radial area 2 B the first flywheel 2 braced. This allows the annular chamber 9 are made relatively small, and it ensures that on the back of the flywheel 3 between this and the radial areas 2 B the flywheel 2 an air gap 29 is available. Like from the upper half of the 1 it can be seen are in the radial regions of the shell-like body 2 cutouts 30 introduced for the passage of a cooling air flow, which is symbolically indicated by dashed lines. As can be seen, the cooling air flow extends from the radially inner regions of the flywheel 1 from the coupling side to the back of the flywheel towards the engine 2 , The cooling air flow is on the back of the flywheel 3 guided along and through the recesses 30 directed radially outwards. As in the upper half of the 1 shown is the second flywheel 3 at least in the area of the air gap 29 to improve the heat transfer ribs or projections have. These ribs can, as in 1 shown, run in the circumferential direction or even radially, and they may additionally be formed like a blade, to increase the air flow. To ensure proper air circulation, also has the lining carrier disc 6a the clutch disc 6 axial passages 31 , which, as will be described in more detail, in addition to the assembly of the flywheel 1 serve on the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine. To improve the air flow can be in the area of the passages 30 and or 31 additional air conveyors, such. B. wings, are provided.

The space 9 or the toroidal region 9a is radially outside the friction surface 32 and the corresponding mass 3a the flywheel 3 intended. It can also be seen that the annular space 9 or its torus-like region 9a , the flywheel 3 , the rolling bearing 4 , the clutch disc 6 and at least partially the clutch 5 axially in the through the shell-like sheet metal part 2a and the radial wall 13 formed or enveloped space to intervene or are nested. The through the sheet metal part 2a and the radial Wan dung 13 formed first flywheel 2 , the second flywheel 3 and the pressure plate 33 the clutch 5 are not only nested axially, but also radially. For this has the flywheel 3 an axially extending section 34 extending radially outward to the friction surface 32 connects and the pressure plate 33 embraces. In the area of this axial section 34 is also the storage 4 intended. As can be seen, the outer friction diameter of the clutch 5 or the clutch disc 6 smaller, or at least approximately equal, than the smallest diameter of the annular space 9 ,

To improve or intensify the cooling are still in the lid 35 the clutch 5 openings 36 provided, through which a cooling air flow is performed radially outward. There are several such openings over the circumference 36 intended. Together with the clutch unit, consisting of clutch 5 and clutch disc 6 , that forms in 1 illustrated dual mass flywheel 1 a structural unit A, which is pre-assembled as such, so shipped and stored and can be screwed onto the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine in a particularly simple and efficient manner. In this unit A is the rolling bearing 4 already integrated. The Allen screws 11 are held captive in the unit or the unit A.

The clutch disc 6 is in a pre-centered to the axis of rotation of the crankshaft position between pressure plate 33 and the radially extending mass 3a the second flywheel 3 clamped and moreover in such an angular position that for the passage of the screwing tool in the clutch disc 6 provided openings 31 are in such a position that the screwing tool can be moved through during the assembly process of the unit to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine. For mounting are also in the clutch actuator spring 37 , in the area of the diaphragm spring tongues 38 , Cutouts or openings 39 intended for the passage of the screwing tool. The openings or cutouts 31 . 39 in the clutch disc 6 and in the plate spring 37 cover each other in the axial direction, so that the assembly tool, such as an Allen key, properly through the openings 39 . 31 pass through and into the recesses of the heads of the screws 11 can intervene.

It can be seen that the openings in the clutch disc 6 smaller than the heads of the screws 11 so that a perfect and captive mounting of the screws is ensured in the unit.

One Such complete unit facilitates the assembly of the flywheel considerably, because it eliminates various operations, such as the otherwise required centering for the clutch disc, the Operation for the insertion of the clutch disc, the placement of the clutch, the insertion of the Centering mandrel, centering the clutch disc itself, the Inserting the screws and screwing the clutch and the removal of the centering mandrel.

For any required maintenance work, in particular the replacement of the clutch disc 6 , is the clutch 5 in a conventional manner by means of screws 40 from the dual mass flywheel 1 solvable.

The screws 40 are in the axially extending section of the flywheel 3 added. For this purpose, in the axial section 34 , starting from the face, tapped holes 41 provided, wherein at least one of these threaded holes is continuous, so open, and in the annular space 9 opens, allowing the filling of the annular space 9 with a viscous medium, such as oil or grease, can be done through this open threaded hole. After installation of the coupling 5 is such a through hole through a screw 40 sealed.

A particularly simple, efficient and inexpensive manufacture of the assembly A can be achieved in that the radial wall 13 , which with the shell-like body 2a welded radially on the outside and the lid 35 the clutch 5 made of the same material, that is, the same sheet metal strip, by concentrically shaping it out of the material so that the waste is reduced to a minimum. It may be particularly useful if the clutch cover 35 and the radial wall 13 are initially in one piece, so initially only form a sheet metal part and then separated by a punching or separating section. Furthermore, the two plate spring-like seals 27 . 28 and the lining carrier disc 42 the clutch disc 6 be punched concentrically from the same metal strip, so that here too the use of material is reduced to a minimum. Similarly, the disc springs can 23 and 37 be punched out of a metal strip.

Instead of the plate spring-like sealing elements 27 . 28 could also so-called labyrinth seals are used. Such a labyrinth seal is in 2 shown. This labyrinth seal consists of a groove or a groove 50 radially in the inner surface of the radial wall 13 is introduced. In this radial groove 50 picks up a ring 51 one on one shoulder 52 of axial section 34 the flywheel 3 pressed and thus rotatably with the flywheel 3 is. The radial groove 50 is designed in the axial direction in such a way that it is insignificantly wider gig than the ring 51 so that both sides of the ring 51 between this and the groove 50 a small gap is present. This avoids friction that affects the functioning of the elastic damper 7 could affect.

The arrangement of the diaphragm spring 23 according to 1 essentially radially outside the balls 19 can also be reversed, that is, such that this plate spring substantially radially within the balls 19 is provided. The balls 19 or rolling elements 19 can continue to at least approximately radially in the region of the extension of the springs 8th be provided.

To better load the springs 8th To ensure at least two end turns of the springs 8th abut each other, so that the end portions are stiffer and with single-sided loading not so easy to kink against the screw axis. Furthermore, so-called spring cups or spring plate, which can partially engage axially in the springs, can be used for this purpose.

In order to ensure proper functioning of the unit A over the entire speed range of this cooperating internal combustion engine, it is advantageous if the springs 8th are designed so that they are between the two flywheel masses 2 . 3 produce a torsional rigidity on the order of 1 Nm per degree and 10 Nm per degree, preferably between 2 Nm per degree and 6 Nm per degree. For this purpose, provided on the same diameter springs 8th extend over 70% to 98% of the angular extent of the unit, wherein it is particularly advantageous if only two, but at most four springs 8th are provided on the same diameter. Due to the small number of springs, these can cover a relatively long travel.

To improve the damping characteristic of the dual mass flywheel 1 For example, a load friction device or a friction device with delayed friction can be provided. In 3 is a friction device 60 shown in section, between the two flywheels 2 and 3 is effective. The friction device 60 is in the radially inner region of the radial section 3a the flywheel 3 intended. The friction device 60 consists of a support plate 61 that radially outward a radially extending region 62 has, at which a friction ring 63 that of a plate spring 64 is acted upon, radially supported. The radially extending inner area 65 is between the screw heads 11a for fixing the unit to the output shaft of a motor and the radially inner portions of the sheet metal body 2a the flywheel 2 axially clamped. The plate spring 64 acts radially on the inside of the friction ring 63 and is supported radially on the outside of the sheet metal body 2a from. The plate spring 64 has radially inward projections 66 in the form of radial noses, in cut-outs 67 of the support plate 61 engage to prevent rotation of the diaphragm spring 64 opposite this support plate 61 , The friction ring 63 and the plate spring 64 are on one of the two radially extending areas 62 and 65 connecting axial area 68 of the sheet metal part 61 intended. The friction ring 63 has radially outward projections in the form of radial tongues 69 in cutouts 70 the flywheel 3 intervention. The extent of the projections 69 in the circumferential direction is less than that of the open spaces 70 , So that a so-called dragged friction arises, that means that when reversing the direction of rotation, the friction effect of the friction device 60 First, off, until the game between the protrusions 69 and the cutouts 70 is bridged. For some applications, it may also be appropriate if between the projections 69 and the cutouts 70 no play exists, so that then the friction device 60 over the entire twist angle range of the torsionally elastic damper 7 is effective.

At the in 4 illustrated embodiment of a storage, the inner race consists of two each extending over about half of the circumference of the device half shells 80 , which in a over the entire circumference extending groove-shaped receptacle 81 in the second flywheel 3 are included for axial guidance. Between the half-shells 80 and the flywheel 3 is in the recording 81 an intermediate layer 82 intended. This liner 82 Can be used as thermal insulation for storage 4 serve. Advantageously, this intermediate layer 82 be elastically yielding and be formed for example by a rubber-like material, whereby a radial suspension is made possible. The preload or the spring hardness of the intermediate layer 82 must be designed so that a perfect concentric and virtually side impact-free storage between the two masses 2 and 3 given is. Due to the elastic yielding liner 82 Thermal expansion phenomena, which may be different between the individual components, can also be compensated.

The friction clutch 5 here a "depressed" and over the plate spring 37 operable clutch is, has on the clutch cover 35 on the one hand, the cover side a swivel pad 35a and on the side facing away from the lid a swivel location 35b , The latter is formed by a circular disk body 42 , from which integrally connected to it, leaf spring-like torque transmission and Abhubmittel 43 go out, the chord-like and radially within the Reibdurchmessers on the pressure plate 33 over rivets 44 are attached. These leaf-spring-like elements 44 transmit the torque from the lid 35 on the printing plate 33 , The support or the annular body 42 and hence the leaf springs 43 are made of elastic or resilient sheet, so that the leaf springs 43 also take over the Abhubfunktion the printing plate.

One Another inventive idea to solve the present invention underlying task is that the second flywheel in the torus enveloped Space dips and the torus radially over the friction diameter of the Coupling is arranged, wherein the torus against the wall carrying it can be offset in the direction away from the engine. This results in an axial Direction especially crowded Construction, where it may be particularly advantageous if the arrangement is so taken that also at the second flywheel for Attack for the clutch disc of the clutch unit provided friction surface in the enveloped by the torus Immersed space axially. Furthermore, it may be advantageous if the engaging in the torus and connected to the second flywheel disc-like body at least in the field of energy storage also in the direction away from the engine is inclined and the second flywheel in the inclined or tiled area encased At least dips in space. In this case, the device can be designed in this way be that the torus with the circumferentially effective force stores, the inclined portion of the disc-like body, which is the friction surface for the attack of the Clutch disc having second flywheel and the rolling bearing for the Storage of the two flywheels all nested in each other axially are. In this case, the inclined portion of the disc-like body, the second flywheel together with the friction surface for the clutch disc and the camp in the torus enveloped be accommodated axial space and still the friction linings of the clutch disc.

The axial depth can be further reduced if, according to a another efinderischen feature forming the torus and in the axial Space in the area of the second flywheel dipping wall of the first flywheel radially only up to at least approximately the inner diameter of the circumferentially effective energy storage ranges, following the dipping wall of the torus a membrane seal adjoins, which is nestled on those in the torus enveloped Space dipping contour of the second flywheel, where it is beneficial can be when it works sealingly with the disc-like Body. This membrane seal, opposite the torus housing forming sheet metal walls is designed considerably thinner - it needs, after the Interior of the first flywheel only partially with viscous medium, for example, a paste-shaped Medium, such as grease or the like, is filled, virtually no to absorb the grease acting on them centrifugal forces - needs practically only a certain sealing effect against the ingress of dirt and in the extremely rare cases, in which the fat is liquid should be and then also extends radially to the sealing edge, to exert a sealing effect against the leakage of grease. Thereby, that the seal also very close to the inner diameter of the coil springs nestle can, can the radial space for the formation of the friction surface the second flywheel be optimally utilized, and thereby, that the seal in the radially inwardly extending region close to the flange-like body can cling, can be so compressed in the axial direction construction be achieved that even at least the friction surface of the pressure plate on the the second flywheel provided friction clutch also in the torus enveloped can dive axial space.

Advantageous it is also, if the membrane seal at least approximately in those radial areas extending in which in the second Flywheel ventilation slots are provided. It can then be the cooling air flow along the corresponding surfaces led the seal become.

to Improvement of cooling it may be advantageous if the in the space enclosed by the torus submerged areas of the second flywheel at least in their radially outer regions Provide arrangements to improve the heat transfer, z. B. Arrangements for generating a cooling air flow or for improvement the effect of such. Therefor can For example, be provided ribs or breakthroughs that - directly or indirectly - in lead the outer space or intensify an existing air flow even more.

Another independent inventive measure, which allows a particularly simple handling and assembly and inexpensive production, is that the split flywheel forms together with the clutch unit, consisting of clutch and clutch disc, an attachable to the crankshaft of the engine and preassembled unit that expediently In addition, the two flywheel masses bearing each other also contains rolling bearings. It may be useful if the unit further has a provided on the first momentum mass support flange for the bearing, in the bores then the mounting screws for mounting the unit to the crankshaft already included, so it can be pre-assembled. It is also expedient if these fastening screws are held captive in the unit, said captive can be formed by resilient means, the holding force then during assembly, for. B. by tightening the screws overcome.

According to one Another feature is the clutch disc in this preassembled unit already in an axis of rotation of the crankshaft or of the Pilot bearing pre-centered position between second flywheel and clamped the pressure plate of the clutch. It is also advantageous if in the clutch disc or in the flange of the same openings are provided, which are congruent with the screw holes for the Attachment to the engine and if still the clutch disc so clamped between the second flywheel and pressure plate of the clutch is that the screw holes and the openings at least overlap each other, wherein these can also be designed in alignment. In addition, in the plate spring of the coupling, expediently between two individual tongues, openings be provided for introducing a Screwing tool, these openings also overlapping are with the openings in the clutch disc and the holes in the support flange for the bearing. It can the openings in the diaphragm spring be aligned with the holes in the support flange. The holes in the latter, however, are usually asymmetrical provided to each other to the second flywheel against the Only install the crankshaft in a specific position to be able to. The openings in the diaphragm spring and those in the clutch disc can also according to the division of the openings in the support flange and in the crankshaft in uneven distribution be provided. But it is also possible if the irregularity the distribution of the holes in the flange and in the crankshaft only slightly is, the openings in the plate spring for to arrange the passage of a screwing tool symmetrically, However, they are larger in diameter than the diameter the screwing tool in such a way that the one or more screwing can be properly placed on the screw or screws.

Independent of the distribution of these openings It may be advantageous that the openings in the plate spring are smaller than the heads the fixing screws. In some cases it may also be appropriate if the openings in the clutch disc are smaller than the heads of the mounting screws, so these fixing screws against falling out in the the direction of the engine or the first flywheel direction either secured by the plate spring or by the clutch disc are. In the latter case, the distribution of openings be made in the same way as in the clutch disc this is described in connection with the diaphragm spring.

The Position in which the mounting screws are captive in the Unit are held, is suitably such that on the one hand, as already mentioned, the heads are held in the interior of the unit - ie z. B. within the of the plate spring enclosed space - and on the other hand on the On the other hand, the threaded areas are not above the motor-side contour protrude from the first flywheel, which in connection with the already mentioned compliant means can be achieved, which screws in hold, clamp or lock in this position.

Advantageous It can still be, if the first flywheel also the Pilot bearing pre-assembled, where the pilot camp is also in the first flywheel sheathed Space can be provided.

A Such completely pre-assembled unit can, as already mentioned, simple and inexpensively transport and assemble, while possibly required Maintenance work, in particular the replacement of the clutch disc with worn clutch linings, can be done in a known manner, by the coupling in a known manner to the second flywheel is screwed on. The connection of all other items and components can be done by riveting or welding operations.

Another independent invention which, when used on a two- or multi-mass flywheel, allows a still further reduced size of the aggregate two (or more) mass flywheel with clutch in both the axial and radial directions, relates to a clutch of the type In such couplings, the plate spring acts with radially outer regions of the pressure plate and is radially further inside between two provided in a circular arrangement pads - a lid-side and a lid facing away - pivotally mounted, and pressure plate and lid are connected via leaf spring elements together rotationally. According to the further invention, the cover facing away from the cover is now supported by a circular disc, and go from the disc piece with her affiliated, radially mounted within the supports on the pressure plate torque transmitting means, which take over the Abhubfunktion for the pressure plate from, at the same time. This leaf spring-like torque transmitting means can be attached radially within the friction surface of the pressure plate to the same, for. B. riveted to be his and longing. By such a measure eliminates the otherwise required in a known coupling radially outside the friction surface and radially outwardly projecting lugs or cams for fixing the leaf springs, and it eliminates the otherwise required in another construction of a friction clutch areas radially outward on the lid, the necessary for fixing the leaf springs on the lid. In addition, eliminates axial space for housing the leaf springs. The swivel pad facing away from the lid can be integral with the disc.

A Further advantageous embodiment results when the annular trained Support between the torque transmitting means radially inwardly facing tabs has to attach the tabs on the lid. This attachment can be formed in a particularly simple manner on the lid Nietwarzen done, on the support or the tabs with it provided openings placed and then the rivet connection is formed.

A such training a pad with attached thereto, inside pointing lugs for securing the support itself ensures the lid Also, that a relatively long radial spring arm between pad diameter and attachment to the lid is present, resulting in an adjustment of this edition at wear of Ensured disc spring and / or the conditions.

Farther It is advantageous if at least one of the disc spring on the plate spring the tongues in the area of the tongue root bounding openings extended radially inwards are, such that these extensions Covering are with the riveting for fixing the leaf springs on the pressure plate. This is a cheap way to riveting the Leaf springs on the pressure plate given. It can be advantageous here be when attaching the leaf spring to the pressure plate via two riveting points takes place and accordingly two adjacent openings in the diaphragm spring such inward extensions exhibit.

At the in 5 illustrated embodiment, the starter ring gear 236 integrally formed with the shell-like body 210 , with the sheet metal part 202a is welded. The section 210a the molded part or the shell-like body 210 also extends axially and surrounds the energy storage 208 at least partially. In the illustrated embodiment in 5 overlaps the area 210a the feathers 208 in about half of its diameter. How this is broken in 5 is shown, the component 210 However, also be designed such that the axial region or approach 210a over the entire diameter of the energy storage 208 extends axially and with the sheet metal body 202a connected, such. B. is welded. In the embodiment shown by dashed lines is the axial approach 210a such that this also the sheet metal body 202a axially overlaps radially outside, so that the sheet metal body 202a axially in the shell-like body 210 is included.

In the embodiment according to 5 forms the outer shell-like area 202c of the sheet metal body 202a together with the shell-like body 210 Segmented indentations or depressions 209b that are open radially inward. Similarly, the second flywheel also has 203 - At radially outer regions - extending in the circumferential direction, segmentally arranged recesses or depressions 214 that the wells 209b the first flywheel 202 are opposite. The recordings or recesses 209b and 214 are essentially designed so that they the energy storage 208 , taken over the diameter, in each case at least approximately, absorb half. The between the distributed over the circumference, segmental bulges 209b . 214 intended areas of application 212 . 213 . 216 for the energy storage 208 are one-piece with the respective flywheel 202 . 203 educated. The admission areas 212 . 213 are through in the sheet metal parts 202a . 210 embossed pockets formed. The admission areas 216 are by nose-shaped projections 216 that are at the second flywheel 203 are molded, formed. As from the lower half of the 5 is apparent, are the admission areas 212 . 213 radially over the loading areas 216 arranged. In such an embodiment, the toroidal region 209a through both momentum masses 202 . 203 formed or limited.

The radial extension of the at least partially filled with a viscous medium annular space 209 corresponds approximately to the radial extent of the room 9 according to 1 ,

For sealing the annular space 209 is a plate-spring-like seal 227 provided directly between the second flywheel 203 and the sheet metal part 202a axially braced. Through the plate-spring-like seal 227 becomes the space 209 opposite the radially inner air gap 221 that, in a similar way as in connection with 1 described, used for cooling, sealed. Radially further out, approximately at the radial height of the axes of the coil springs 208 , is another seal 228 intended. In the illustrated embodiment according to 5 is the seal 228 formed by a rubber or plastic ring. However, it could also be used a plate spring or membrane-like seal.

In the embodiment according to 5 are for generating a cooling air flow in the second flywheel 203 radially inner passages 222 provided to the camp 6a are adjacent and can be configured similar to the passages 22 according to 25 , as well as axial recesses 223 . 223a , which are arranged radially one above the other and in the sheet metal part 202a are introduced. The radially further inward recesses 223 are at least approximately at the same radial height as the passages 222 whereas the radially outermost recesses 223a opposite these passages 222 are radially offset. The individual, related to 1 described measures for generating a cooling air flow, can also in an embodiment according to 27 be applied and vice versa.

In 6 become the two spring groups 308 and 308a , which are arranged axially adjacent to each other and parallel effectively, in a similar manner, as in connection with 5 has been described, applied, in such a way that they, viewed over the diameter or the cross section, in each case about half of the primary flywheel 302 and the secondary flywheel 303 be charged. For joint admission of the energy storage 308 . 308a became the cupped area 302c and the shell-like body 310 as well as the outer area of the flywheel 303 extended accordingly, so that also the admission areas 312 . 313 . 316 are extended accordingly in the axial direction.

The shell-like body 310 according to 6 can be done in a similar way as in conjunction with 5 has been described, trained and modified with the corresponding sheet metal part 302a be connected. The admission areas 312 . 313 are formed so that they each have associated springs 308 . 308a , viewed over the diameter or cross section, act at least approximately half.

Claims (19)

Split flywheel ( 1 ) with a first, attachable to an output shaft of an internal combustion engine and a second, connectable to the input shaft of a transmission flywheel ( 2 . 3 ; 202 . 203 ), which have a storage ( 4 . 6a ) rotatably mounted to each other and via a damping device ( 7 ) are drivingly coupled, wherein the damping device in the circumferential direction effective energy storage ( 8th . 208 ), which in a radially outwardly bounded by the components of the first flywheel annular space ( 9 . 209 ) are received and are elastically deformable by means provided on the flywheel masses at a relative rotation of the flywheel masses, wherein the annular space ( 9 . 209 ) of the first flywheel radially outwardly distributed over the circumference, segment-shaped, radially inwardly open bulges ( 15 ; 209b ) for receiving the force accumulator, at whose end contours the loading areas ( 17 ; 212 . 213 . 312 . 313 ) of the first flywheel are provided, wherein the second flywheel axial areas ( 14 ), in which the energy storage ( 8th . 208 . 308 . 308a ) immersed space axially enveloping space and both to limit the energy storage ( 8th . 208 . 308 . 308a ) receiving space ( 9 . 209 ) as well as for the formation of axially extending over the energy storage supports ( 18 . 216 . 316 ) serve for deformation of the energy storage, which ( 18 . 216 . 316 ) radially inward of the supports ( 17 . 212 . 213 ) of the first flywheel arranged segmental bulges ( 15 . 214 ) are formed. Flywheel according to claim 1, characterized in that radially outer contours ( 14 ) of the second flywheel ( 3 ) serve directly for the formation of the annular space. Flywheel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outer friction diameter of the coupling is smaller than the smallest diameter of the annular space ( 9 ). Flywheel according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the second flywheel ( 3 ) radially outwardly in the circumferential direction segmentally arranged bulges ( 16 ) has for receiving force accumulators. Flywheel according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the energy storage ( 8th . 208 . 308 . 308a ) are each received at least approximately over half the diameter in the bulges. Flywheel according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the loading areas ( 17 ; 212 ; 213 ; 312 . 313 ; 18 . 216 . 316 ) for the energy storage are integral with the respective flywheel. Flywheel according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that also at the second flywheel ( 3 ) provided for a clutch disc friction surface ( 32 ) axially immersed in the area enclosed by the annular space. Flywheel according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least the pressure plate ( 33 ) on the second flywheel ( 3 ) provided friction clutch is received substantially in the space enclosed by the annular space axial space. Flywheel according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the first flywheel ( 2 ) a radially extending disc-shaped area ( 2 B ) Be fastening on the output shaft of the internal combustion engine, the radially outward in the direction of the second flywheel ( 3 ) axially extending regions ( 12 ), which bound the annular space radially outwardly carries. Flywheel according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the axially extending portions ( 12 ) at its disc-shaped area ( 2 B ) facing away from a radially inwardly extending wall ( 13 ) bear radially inward only at least approximately to the contour of the second flywheel ( 3 ). Flywheel according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that between the first and the second flywheel ( 2 . 3 ), at least approximately in the radial region of the friction surface of the latter, an air gap ( 29 ) is available. Flywheel according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that in the radially inner region of the second flywheel a friction device ( 60 ) is provided. Flywheel according to claim 12, characterized in that the friction device ( 60 ) generates a so-called dragged friction. Flywheel according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that at least one seal ( 27 . 28 ) for the annular space ( 9 ), in the area adjacent to the springs between the first and second flywheel mass ( 2 . 3 ) is provided. Flywheel according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that at least approximately in the region of the radially innermost portions of the second flywheel ( 3 ) ( 18 ) between this two th flywheel and the first flywheel a Dichtüng (28) is provided. Flywheel according to claim 15, characterized in that the seal by an axially braced plate-spring-like component ( 28 ) is formed. Flywheel according to claim 15, characterized that the seal is formed by a labyrinth seal. Split flywheel according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized by the following construction: - one the first flywheel ( 2 ), attachable to the crankshaft plate, - the second axially adjacent thereto, rotatable relative thereto, a friction surface ( 32 ) for the friction linings of a clutch disc ( 6 ) containing inertia ( 3 ), - an axially provided between the first flywheel and the second flywheel radial air gap ( 29 ), - in the radially outer region of the first flywheel ( 2 ) substantially sealed, the damping device ( 7 ) receiving, annular space ( 9 ), - one at the second flywheel ( 3 ) with the interposition of a clutch disc ( 6 ) fixed friction clutch ( 5 ), - the bearing provided between the first and second flywheel masses ( 4 ). Flywheel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the annular space ( 9 ) is at least partially filled with a viscous medium.