DE3710699C1 - Hydraulische Steuervorrichtung fuer eine Verbrauchergruppe - Google Patents

Hydraulische Steuervorrichtung fuer eine Verbrauchergruppe

Info

Publication number
DE3710699C1
DE3710699C1 DE3710699A DE3710699A DE3710699C1 DE 3710699 C1 DE3710699 C1 DE 3710699C1 DE 3710699 A DE3710699 A DE 3710699A DE 3710699 A DE3710699 A DE 3710699A DE 3710699 C1 DE3710699 C1 DE 3710699C1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
control
consumer
line
pressure
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE3710699A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rudolf Brunner
Harald Dipl-Ing Klemens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heilmeier and Weinlein Fabrik fuer Oel Hydraulik GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Heilmeier and Weinlein Fabrik fuer Oel Hydraulik GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heilmeier and Weinlein Fabrik fuer Oel Hydraulik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Heilmeier and Weinlein Fabrik fuer Oel Hydraulik GmbH and Co KG
Priority to DE3710699A priority Critical patent/DE3710699C1/de
Priority to AT88103532T priority patent/ATE79448T1/de
Priority to EP88103532A priority patent/EP0284831B1/fr
Priority to ES198888103532T priority patent/ES2033959T3/es
Priority to DE8888103532T priority patent/DE3873576D1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3710699C1 publication Critical patent/DE3710699C1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/16Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
    • F15B11/161Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors with sensing of servomotor demand or load
    • F15B11/165Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors with sensing of servomotor demand or load for adjusting the pump output or bypass in response to demand
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/88Safety gear
    • B66C23/90Devices for indicating or limiting lifting moment
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F15B13/0416Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor with means or adapted for load sensing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205Systems with pumps
    • F15B2211/2053Type of pump
    • F15B2211/20546Type of pump variable capacity
    • F15B2211/20553Type of pump variable capacity with pilot circuit, e.g. for controlling a swash plate
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30Directional control
    • F15B2211/305Directional control characterised by the type of valves
    • F15B2211/30525Directional control valves, e.g. 4/3-directional control valve
    • F15B2211/3053In combination with a pressure compensating valve
    • F15B2211/30535In combination with a pressure compensating valve the pressure compensating valve is arranged between pressure source and directional control valve
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30Directional control
    • F15B2211/31Directional control characterised by the positions of the valve element
    • F15B2211/3122Special positions other than the pump port being connected to working ports or the working ports being connected to the return line
    • F15B2211/3127Floating position connecting the working ports and the return line
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30Directional control
    • F15B2211/31Directional control characterised by the positions of the valve element
    • F15B2211/3144Directional control characterised by the positions of the valve element the positions being continuously variable, e.g. as realised by proportional valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30Directional control
    • F15B2211/32Directional control characterised by the type of actuation
    • F15B2211/321Directional control characterised by the type of actuation mechanically
    • F15B2211/324Directional control characterised by the type of actuation mechanically manually, e.g. by using a lever or pedal
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/50Pressure control
    • F15B2211/505Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means
    • F15B2211/50509Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means the pressure control means controlling a pressure upstream of the pressure control means
    • F15B2211/50518Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means the pressure control means controlling a pressure upstream of the pressure control means using pressure relief valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/50Pressure control
    • F15B2211/55Pressure control for limiting a pressure up to a maximum pressure, e.g. by using a pressure relief valve
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/605Load sensing circuits
    • F15B2211/6051Load sensing circuits having valve means between output member and the load sensing circuit
    • F15B2211/6052Load sensing circuits having valve means between output member and the load sensing circuit using check valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/605Load sensing circuits
    • F15B2211/6051Load sensing circuits having valve means between output member and the load sensing circuit
    • F15B2211/6055Load sensing circuits having valve means between output member and the load sensing circuit using pressure relief valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/705Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor characterised by the type of output members or actuators
    • F15B2211/7051Linear output members
    • F15B2211/7053Double-acting output members
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/71Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Lifting Devices For Agricultural Implements (AREA)
DE3710699A 1987-03-31 1987-03-31 Hydraulische Steuervorrichtung fuer eine Verbrauchergruppe Expired DE3710699C1 (de)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3710699A DE3710699C1 (de) 1987-03-31 1987-03-31 Hydraulische Steuervorrichtung fuer eine Verbrauchergruppe
AT88103532T ATE79448T1 (de) 1987-03-31 1988-03-07 Hydraulische steuervorrichtung fuer verbrauchergruppen.
EP88103532A EP0284831B1 (fr) 1987-03-31 1988-03-07 Dispositif de commande hydraulique pour des groupes de consommateurs
ES198888103532T ES2033959T3 (es) 1987-03-31 1988-03-07 Dispositivo hidraulico de mando para grupos de aparatos consumidores.
DE8888103532T DE3873576D1 (de) 1987-03-31 1988-03-07 Hydraulische steuervorrichtung fuer verbrauchergruppen.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3710699A DE3710699C1 (de) 1987-03-31 1987-03-31 Hydraulische Steuervorrichtung fuer eine Verbrauchergruppe

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3710699C1 true DE3710699C1 (de) 1988-08-18

Family

ID=6324472

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE3710699A Expired DE3710699C1 (de) 1987-03-31 1987-03-31 Hydraulische Steuervorrichtung fuer eine Verbrauchergruppe
DE8888103532T Expired - Lifetime DE3873576D1 (de) 1987-03-31 1988-03-07 Hydraulische steuervorrichtung fuer verbrauchergruppen.

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE8888103532T Expired - Lifetime DE3873576D1 (de) 1987-03-31 1988-03-07 Hydraulische steuervorrichtung fuer verbrauchergruppen.

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0284831B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE79448T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3710699C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2033959T3 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3841507C1 (fr) * 1988-01-22 1989-06-29 Danfoss A/S, Nordborg, Dk
DE3901207A1 (de) * 1989-01-17 1990-07-19 Rexroth Mannesmann Gmbh Ventilanordnung fuer mehrere hydraulische antriebe, insbesondere fuer die antriebe eines krans
DE4127327A1 (de) * 1991-02-20 1993-02-25 Teves Gmbh Alfred Hydraulikanlage
EP0550257A1 (fr) * 1991-12-25 1993-07-07 Kayaba Industry Co., Ltd. Dispositif de commande pour plusieurs servomoteurs
EP0603722A1 (fr) * 1992-12-23 1994-06-29 HEILMEIER & WEINLEIN Fabrik für Oel-Hydraulik GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif de commande hydraulique
DE19714141A1 (de) * 1997-04-05 1998-10-08 Mannesmann Rexroth Ag Hydraulische Steueranordnung
DE4324177B4 (de) * 1992-08-10 2004-02-19 Hawe Hydraulik Gmbh & Co. Kg Hydraulische Steuervorrichtung
DE102004014113A1 (de) * 2004-03-23 2005-10-20 Sauer Danfoss Aps Nordborg Hydraulische Ventilanordnung
EP3093505A1 (fr) * 2015-05-11 2016-11-16 HAWE Hydraulik SE Dispositif de commande hydraulique et sélecteur
DE102016200458B4 (de) 2015-01-16 2024-06-06 Xuzhou Construction Machinery Group Co., Ltd. Lastabtastendes Mehrwegventil und Hydrauliksystem einer technischen Maschine

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9310857U1 (de) * 1993-07-20 1993-09-30 Heilmeier & Weinlein Fabrik für Oel-Hydraulik GmbH & Co KG, 81673 München Hydraulisches Steuerventil
US5813226A (en) * 1997-09-15 1998-09-29 Caterpillar Inc. Control scheme for pressure relief
DE19828963A1 (de) 1998-06-29 1999-12-30 Mannesmann Rexroth Ag Hydraulische Schaltung
DE102004028437B3 (de) * 2004-06-14 2006-03-02 Sauer-Danfoss Aps Ventilanordnung

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2656059A1 (de) * 1976-01-23 1977-07-28 Caterpillar Tractor Co Stroemungsmittelsystem
DE3022592A1 (de) * 1980-06-16 1981-12-24 Heilmeier & Weinlein Fabrik für Oel-Hydraulik GmbH & Co KG, 8000 München Hydraulische steuervorrichtung

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3911942A (en) * 1974-03-28 1975-10-14 Gen Signal Corp Compensated multifunction hydraulic system
DE2601999C3 (de) * 1976-01-21 1980-02-21 Danfoss A/S, Nordborg (Daenemark) Anordnung zur Beeinflussung der Arbeitsmenge eines Servomotors

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2656059A1 (de) * 1976-01-23 1977-07-28 Caterpillar Tractor Co Stroemungsmittelsystem
DE3022592A1 (de) * 1980-06-16 1981-12-24 Heilmeier & Weinlein Fabrik für Oel-Hydraulik GmbH & Co KG, 8000 München Hydraulische steuervorrichtung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Druckschrift: "Lastunabhängige Proportionalven- tile" PVG 60, HK.50.A1.03, Ausgabe 3.83 der Fa. DANFOSS, S. 22 *

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3841507C1 (fr) * 1988-01-22 1989-06-29 Danfoss A/S, Nordborg, Dk
DE3901207A1 (de) * 1989-01-17 1990-07-19 Rexroth Mannesmann Gmbh Ventilanordnung fuer mehrere hydraulische antriebe, insbesondere fuer die antriebe eines krans
DE4127327A1 (de) * 1991-02-20 1993-02-25 Teves Gmbh Alfred Hydraulikanlage
EP0684387A3 (fr) * 1991-12-25 1996-10-30 Kayaba Industry Co Ltd Système de commande hydraulique de détection de la charge.
EP0684389A3 (fr) * 1991-12-25 1996-10-30 Kayaba Industry Co Ltd Système de commande pour appareil hydraulique avec plusieurs consommateurs.
EP0550257A1 (fr) * 1991-12-25 1993-07-07 Kayaba Industry Co., Ltd. Dispositif de commande pour plusieurs servomoteurs
EP0684388A3 (fr) * 1991-12-25 1996-11-06 Kayaba Industry Co Ltd Système de commande hydraulique de détection de la charge.
DE4324177B4 (de) * 1992-08-10 2004-02-19 Hawe Hydraulik Gmbh & Co. Kg Hydraulische Steuervorrichtung
EP0603722A1 (fr) * 1992-12-23 1994-06-29 HEILMEIER & WEINLEIN Fabrik für Oel-Hydraulik GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif de commande hydraulique
DE19714141A1 (de) * 1997-04-05 1998-10-08 Mannesmann Rexroth Ag Hydraulische Steueranordnung
DE102004014113A1 (de) * 2004-03-23 2005-10-20 Sauer Danfoss Aps Nordborg Hydraulische Ventilanordnung
DE102016200458B4 (de) 2015-01-16 2024-06-06 Xuzhou Construction Machinery Group Co., Ltd. Lastabtastendes Mehrwegventil und Hydrauliksystem einer technischen Maschine
EP3093505A1 (fr) * 2015-05-11 2016-11-16 HAWE Hydraulik SE Dispositif de commande hydraulique et sélecteur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0284831B1 (fr) 1992-08-12
ES2033959T3 (es) 1993-04-01
EP0284831A2 (fr) 1988-10-05
EP0284831A3 (en) 1990-08-16
ATE79448T1 (de) 1992-08-15
DE3873576D1 (de) 1992-09-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1092095B2 (fr) Circuit hydraulique
EP1915538B1 (fr) Montage pour commander un cylindre d'entrainement hydraulique a double effet
DE1921977C3 (de) Ventileinrichtung zur Steuerung der Druckmittelwege eines doppelwirkenden Servomotors
DE2450846C3 (de) Nebenstromventil
DE102004050294B3 (de) Hydraulische Ventilanordnung
DE3710699C1 (de) Hydraulische Steuervorrichtung fuer eine Verbrauchergruppe
DE2232857C2 (de) Steuereinrichtung für ein hydraulisch angetriebenes Arbeitsgerät
EP0935713B1 (fr) Systeme de soupape et procede de realisation
DE3516747C2 (de) Steuereinrichtung für ein hydrostatisches Getriebe
DE69623958T2 (de) Antriebsvorrichtung für einen hydraulischen motor
DE2228040A1 (de) Steuerventil
WO2008116451A1 (fr) Ensemble de commande hydraulique
EP0074423B1 (fr) Appareil de commande hydraulique
EP0231804A2 (fr) Soupape de réglage
DE2601999A1 (de) Anordnung zur beeinflussung der arbeitsmenge eines servomotors
DE4230183C2 (de) Steuervorrichtung für Hydromotoren
DE3536219C2 (fr)
DE2423595C2 (de) Hydraulische Schaltungsanordnung
DE19548943B4 (de) Ventilanordnung
DE2647372A1 (de) Einrichtung bei einem lastbewegenden hydraulikmotor zum verhindern einer unkontrollierbaren lastbewegung bei einem leitungsbruch
DE3025949C2 (fr)
DE2810375A1 (de) Steuereinrichtung fuer eine hydraulische kraftuebertragung
DE19603899A1 (de) Hydraulische Steuervorrichtung zur Druckmittelversorgung mehrerer hydraulischer Verbraucher
DE3040041A1 (de) Verteiler fuer einen hydraulischen kreis
DE2261628C2 (de) Steuerung für einen umkehrbaren Druckflüssigkeitsmotor

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
8100 Publication of patent without earlier publication of application
D1 Grant (no unexamined application published) patent law 81
8364 No opposition during term of opposition
8339 Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee