DE3440901A1 - Arrangement for finely atomising fluids - Google Patents

Arrangement for finely atomising fluids

Info

Publication number
DE3440901A1
DE3440901A1 DE19843440901 DE3440901A DE3440901A1 DE 3440901 A1 DE3440901 A1 DE 3440901A1 DE 19843440901 DE19843440901 DE 19843440901 DE 3440901 A DE3440901 A DE 3440901A DE 3440901 A1 DE3440901 A1 DE 3440901A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
water
arrangement
spray
extinguishing
spray head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19843440901
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Wilfried Dipl.-Ing. DDR 4306 Harzgerode Heinze
Hans-Joachim DDR 3230 Oschersleben Herzog
Ernst DDR 1193 Berlin Mäschker
Hans-Joachim DDR 3230 Oschersleben Nowaczyk
Winfriede Dr.-Ing. DDR 3300 Schönebeck Randel
Günter Dipl.-Ing. DDR 9044 Karl-Marx-Stadt Schulze
Reinhold DDR 7026 Leipzig Wagler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
METALLEICHTBAU VEB K
Original Assignee
METALLEICHTBAU VEB K
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by METALLEICHTBAU VEB K filed Critical METALLEICHTBAU VEB K
Publication of DE3440901A1 publication Critical patent/DE3440901A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B05B1/3421Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
    • B05B1/3431Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/14Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/26Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets

Abstract

The arrangement for finely atomising fluids is preferably used for atomising water in extinguishing systems inside complexes of rooms such as cooking shelf stores, or for surface fires. The extremely fine atomisation produces an extinguishing method with the highest possible extinguishing intensity, in which the known water damage to buildings and to stock is largely avoided. In dust fires, the novel nozzle arrangement is intended to prevent dust explosions. Inside a spray head, a multiplicity of twisting bodies are positioned in an angular fashion to one another, as a result of which their individual emerging spray cones in the region of their cone envelope cause water microparticles to be formed in the entire distributor zone as a result of mutual penetration and splitting up of the water droplets. The cone envelope can be of convex construction for spatially limited areas and of concave construction for spatially unlimited areas. <IMAGE>

Description

Titel der ErfindungTitle of the invention

Anordnung zur Feinzerstäubung von Flüssigkeiten Anwendungsgebiet der Erfindung Die Erfindung betrifft die Anordnung von Düsen zur Feinzerstäubung von Flüssigkeiten, wie der Vernebelung von Wasser in Löschanlagen zum Zwecke der schwallartigen Nebelausbreitung innerhalb von Raumkomplexen, wie Hochregallagern, oder bei Flächenbränden.Arrangement for fine atomization of liquids Invention The invention relates to the arrangement of nozzles for fine atomization of Liquids, such as the nebulization of water in extinguishing systems for the purpose of surge-like Spread of fog within complexes of rooms, such as high-bay warehouses, or in the event of large-scale fires.

Charakteristik der bekannten technischen Lösungen Unter den stationären Feuerlöschanlagen wurde bereits eine Vielzahl von Verfahren entwickelt, die im wesentlichen auf eine intensive Benetzung des Brandherdes zielen.Characteristic of the known technical solutions Among the stationary Fire extinguishing systems have already developed a variety of procedures, essentially aim at intensive wetting of the source of the fire.

Brände in Räumen mit installierten Löschanlagen führen in den meisten Fällen zu dem Ergebnis, daß der Wasserschaden beträchtlich, wenn nicht gar höher als der Brandschaden ist. Auf dieser Erkenntnis basieren insgesamt Versuche, mit denen die Fachwelt bemüht ist, eine feinere Verteilung des Wasserschleiers zu erreichen. Neben den verschiedenen Düsenformen kann vor allem eine Dralldüse zur Erzeugung von Sprühnebeln als sehr vorteilhaft bezeichnet werden. Ihre Funktionsweise ist in den DD-PS 116 398 und 141 626 beschrieben und beruht darauf, daß ein in ein Gehäuse eingeschraubtes Drallstück aus mehreren exzentrisch angeordneten, konischen, sich verjüngen den, mehr oder weniger tiefen Drallnuten besteht, die auf dem Drallstück mit starker Ablenkung drallförmig verlaufen und in einem Zapfen enden. Wenn auch - wie bereits dargelegt - mit dieser Düse eine relativ intensive Vernebelung erreicht wird, befinden sich doch im sogenannten Sprühschatten noch Räume, die den Düsen abgewandt sind und in denen die Löschwirkung nicht völlig ausreicht.Fires in rooms with installed extinguishing systems result in most Cases found that the water damage was considerable, if not greater than the fire damage is. Attempts to use are based on this finding which the professional world tries to achieve a finer distribution of the water veil. In addition to the various nozzle shapes, a swirl nozzle can be used to generate can be described as very beneficial by spray mist. How they work is in the DD-PS 116 398 and 141 626 and is based on that a swirl piece screwed into a housing consisting of several eccentrically arranged, conical, tapering, more or less deep twist grooves that exist on the twisting piece with a strong deflection and twisting in a pin end up. Even if - as already explained - a relatively intensive one with this nozzle Fogging is achieved, are still in the so-called spray shadow Rooms that are facing away from the nozzles and in which the extinguishing effect is not completely sufficient.

Begründet ist dies dadurch, daß die Nebeltropfen noch zu groß sind und deshalb wegen fehlenden ausreichenden Schwebevermögens nicht hinreichend den gesamten Raum durchsetzen können.The reason for this is that the mist droplets are still too big and therefore not sufficient due to the lack of sufficient floating capacity can enforce entire space.

Es wurden weiterhin Düsenkästen mit Düsenköpfen zum Einblasen von Bewetterungs- oder Kühlluft bekannt, worin kreisrunde Löcher für die Düsenköpfe ausgebildet sind, mit denen eine zuverlässige Einstellung der Strahlrichtung innerhalb weiter Grenzen erreichbar sein soll. Mit dieser Lösung läßt sich jedoch keine Wasserverteilung und intensive Durchnebelung schaffen, da sich der Strahlaustritt günstigenfalls erst im Unendlichkeitsbereich treffen würde und der Wasserschaden im Brandfalle wiederum erheblich ansteigt.There were still nozzle boxes with nozzle heads for blowing in Ventilation or cooling air known, wherein circular holes for the nozzle heads are designed with which a reliable setting of the beam direction within further limits should be achievable. However, this solution cannot be used to distribute water and create intensive fogging, since the beam exit is ideal would only hit in the infinite range and the water damage in the event of a fire again increases significantly.

Weitere Beregnungs- und Sprinklerdüsen arbeiten dermaßen intensiv, daß beim Auftreffen des Sprühstrahles auf brennbaren Staub dieser aufwirbelt und zusätzliche Staubexplosionen eintreten, Ziel der Erfindung Die Erfindung hat das Ziel, ein Löschverfahren zu schaffen, welches bei höchstmöglicher Löschintensität Wasserschäden an Gebäuden und Inventar weitestgehend ausschließt und den Brandschaden auf das geringstmögliche reduziert.Other irrigation and sprinkler nozzles work so intensively that that when the spray jet hits the flammable dust it swirls up and additional dust explosions occur, aim of the invention The aim is to create an extinguishing process that uses the highest possible extinguishing intensity Water damage to buildings and inventory largely excludes and fire damage reduced to the least possible.

Darlegung des Wesens der Erfindung Wenn auch die neuartige Düsenanordnung zur Feinstvernebelung von Flüssigkeiten nicht nur speziell zum Zwecke der Brandbekämpfung einsetzbar sein soll, so besteht doch primär die Aufgabe darin, eine Lösung zu schaffen, mit der es möglich ist, den gesamten Brandraum so intensiv mit feinstverteiltem Wasser zu durchsetzen, daß auch im Sprühschatten ein maximaler Löscheffekt gewährleistet ist und negative Nebenerscheinungen des Löschvorganges ausgeschaltet werden.Explaining the essence of the invention albeit the novel nozzle arrangement for the finest nebulization of liquids not only specifically for fire fighting purposes should be usable, the main task is to create a solution, with which it is possible to intensively distribute the entire fire area with the finest To enforce water that ensures a maximum extinguishing effect even in the spray shadow and negative side effects of the deletion process are eliminated.

Darüber hinaus soll bei relativ großem Brandraum der gesamte Brandbereich derart mit Feuchtigkeit durchsetzt werden, daß dem Brand der Sauerstoffzutritt verwehrt und der Löscheffekt ohne die negativen Begleiterscheinungen des Wasserschadens günstig beeinflußt wird.In addition, if the fire area is relatively large, the entire fire area should be be permeated with moisture in such a way that the fire is denied access to oxygen and the extinguishing effect is favorable without the negative side effects of water damage being affected.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß innerhalb eines Sprühkopfes eine Vielzahl von feststehenden Drallkörpern winkelartig zueinander gestellt sind, wodurch ihre einzelnen austretenden Sprühkegel im Bereich ihres Kegelmantels infolge gegenseitigen Durchdringens und Aufspaltung der Wassertröpfchen zu einer Ausbildung von Mikrowasserpartikeln in der gesamten Verteilerzone führen. Für räumlich begrenzte Bereiche, wie sie beispielsweise Hochregallager darstellen, trägt der Sprühkopf die Drallkörper auf einem konvexen Kegelmantel; für räumlich unbegrenzte Bereiche, wie größere Flächen, auf denen Staubexplosionen zu befürchten sind, trägt der Sprühkopf die zugehörigen Drallkörper auf einer konkaven Oberfläche.According to the invention the object is achieved in that within a Spray head a large number of fixed swirl bodies at an angle to one another are placed, whereby their individual exiting spray cone in the area of their cone shell due to mutual penetration and splitting of the water droplets into one Lead formation of micro-water particles in the entire distribution zone. For spatial The Spray head the swirl body on a convex conical surface; for spatially unlimited Areas, such as larger areas, where dust explosions are to be feared, carries the spray head the associated swirl body on a concave surface.

Die aus den Drallkörpern austretenden Sprühkegel durchdringen sich vorteilhafterweise in einem Winkel von 250 ... 75° 75° gegenseitig und führen dadurch zu der gewünschten Aufspaltung.The spray cones emerging from the swirl bodies penetrate one another advantageously at an angle of 250 ... 75 ° 75 ° to each other and thereby lead to the desired split.

Ausführungsbeispiele An Hand von zwei Ausführungsbeispielen soll die Erfindung näher erläutert werden. Die zugehörigen Zeichnungen zeigen in Fig. 1 einen Düsenkopf mit konvexer Oberfläche Fig. 2 einen Düsenkopf mit konkaver Oberfläche.Exemplary embodiments Using two exemplary embodiments, the invention are explained in more detail. The accompanying drawings show 1 shows a nozzle head with a convex surface. FIG. 2 shows a nozzle head with a concave surface Surface.

Die erfindungsgemäße Düsenanordnung erfolgt grundsätzlich auf einen Sprühkopf 1, auf dessen Kegelmantel 2 eine Vielzahl von Drallkörpern 3 so angeordnet ist, daß das austretende Wasser mit einem Austrittswinkel oc einen Sprühkegel 4 bildet. Die Wassertröpfchen der einzelnen Sprühkegel 4 treffen mit hohem Druck aufeinander und spalten sich zu Mikrowasserpartikeln auf, die sich über die gesamte Verteilerzone 5 ausbreiten.The nozzle arrangement according to the invention is basically carried out on one Spray head 1, on the conical surface 2 of which a plurality of swirl bodies 3 are arranged is that the exiting water with an exit angle oc a spray cone 4 forms. The water droplets of the individual spray cones 4 hit each other at high pressure and split into micro-water particles that spread over the entire distribution zone 5 spread out.

Im ersten Ausführungsbeispiel besitzt der Sprühkopf 1 einen konvexen Kegelmantel 2', auf dem ein Drallkörper 3 zentral und weitere hierzu kranzartig angeordnet sind.In the first embodiment, the spray head 1 has a convex one Conical shell 2 ', on which a swirl body 3 is central and further to this in a wreath-like manner are arranged.

Mit dieser Düsenform wird eine Nebelausbreitung in einer Zone erreicht, die über die Hälfte eines Halbkreises hinausgeht und dabei in alle innerhalb dieser Verteilerzone 5 liegenden Zwischenräume eindringt.With this nozzle shape, the fog is spread in a zone, which goes beyond half of a semicircle and all within it Distribution zone 5 penetrates the intermediate spaces.

Im zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel besitzt der Sprühkopf 1 einen konkaven Kegelmantel 2". Dadurch, daß die Drallkörper 3 wie in einer Schale angeordnet sind, führt die gegenseitige Durchdringung der Sprühkegel 4 zu einem diffusen Nebelschwall, der sich in einer Verteilerzone ohne feste Abgrenzung mit hoher Immensität ausbreiten kann. Diese Ausführungsform ist unter anderem dort einsetzbar, wo Kohlenstaubbrände auftreten können, da an diesen Stellen aus Gründen der Explosionsgefahr ein Aufwirbeln des Staubes unbedingt verhindert werden muß.In the second embodiment, the spray head 1 has a concave one Cone shell 2 ". Because the swirl bodies 3 are arranged as in a shell, the mutual penetration of the spray cones 4 leads to a diffuse surge of mist, which spread in a distribution zone without fixed delimitation with high immensity can. This embodiment can be used, among other things, where coal dust fires can occur, as there is a swirling up at these points due to the risk of explosion the dust must be prevented.

Hiermit ist es nunmehr gelungen, daß eine für Löschzwecke erforderliche Wassermenge durch ihre Feinstverteilung so minimiert werden kann, wie sie zwar den Löscheffekt sehr positiv beeinflussen, aber den Wasserschaden an Gebäuden, Anlagen und Inventar weitestgehend ausschließen kann.Hereby it has now been possible that a required for deletion purposes The amount of water can be minimized by its finest distribution as it does the Influence the extinguishing effect very positively, but the water damage to buildings, systems and can largely exclude inventory.

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Claims (4)

Patentansprüche 1. Anordnung zur Feinzerstäubung von Flüssigkeiten, wie der Wasservernebelung in Löschanlagen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß innerhalb eines Sprühkopfes (1) eine Vielzahl von feststehenden Drallkörpern (3) winkelartig miteinander gestellt sind, wodurch ihre einzelnen austretenden Sprühkegel (4) im Bereich ihres Kegelmantels (2) infolge gegenseitigen Durchdringens und Aufspaltens der Wassertröpfchen zu einer Ausbildung von Mikrowasserpartikeln in der gesamten Verteilerzone (5) führen.Claims 1. Arrangement for fine atomization of liquids, such as water misting in extinguishing systems, characterized in that within a spray head (1) a plurality of fixed swirl bodies (3) angularly are made with each other, whereby their individual exiting spray cone (4) in the Area of their cone jacket (2) as a result of mutual penetration and splitting the water droplets lead to a formation of micro water particles throughout Guide the distribution zone (5). 2. Anordnung nach Punkt 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vorzugsweise für räumlich begrenzte Bereiche der Sprühkopf (1) auf einem konvexen Kegelmantel (2') die zugehörigen Drallkörper (3) trägt.2. Arrangement according to item 1, characterized in that preferably for spatially limited areas the spray head (1) on a convex conical surface (2 ') carries the associated swirl body (3). 3. Anordnung nach Punkt 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vorzugsweise für räumlich unbegrenzte Bereiche der Sprühkopf (1) auf einem konkaven Kegelmantel (2") die zugehörigen Drallkörper (3) trägt.3. Arrangement according to item 1, characterized in that preferably for spatially unlimited areas the spray head (1) on a concave conical surface (2 ") carries the associated swirl body (3). 4. Anordnung nach Punkt 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß aus den Drallkörpern (3) austretende Sprühkegel (4) sich in einem Winkel (α) von 250 ... 750 gegenseitig durchdringen.4. Arrangement according to items 1 to 3, characterized in that from the Spray cones (4) emerging from swirl bodies (3) are at an angle (α) of 250 ... 750 penetrate each other.
DE19843440901 1983-12-30 1984-11-09 Arrangement for finely atomising fluids Withdrawn DE3440901A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DD25892883 1983-12-30

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