DE3345029A1 - DEVICE FOR ALIGNING TUBES AND RODS - Google Patents

Description

European Patent Attorneys Rainer A. Kühnen *. Dipl.-Ing.

Dalmine S. ρ. A. ^Pau '- ^A - ^Wacker * · ^Di P' · - '^ ·· Dipi.-wirtsch.-ing

Via Brera 19 Wolfgang Luderschmidt **, Dr., Dipl.-Chem.

Milan / Italy ^{16 DA05 02 2} / ^öc

Device for aligning pipes or rods

The invention relates to a device for aligning pipes or rods with a circular cross-section, after Preamble of claim 1.

In order to align tubes or rods, the so-called "punch method" has traditionally been used for a long time, in which a The punch is lowered onto the pipe to be aligned, the pipe being arranged between two at the appropriate distance from one another Auflagern is aligned so that the convex side is facing up and the punch is then lowered for so long until the yield point of the pipe material is exceeded in this area. This essentially static method however, it is inaccurate and quite slow, requires trained personnel for visual monitoring, and is used for Time only applied in very special cases.

Furthermore, there are methods for alignment by means of a pulling device known in which the tube is very tightly clamped at each of its ends between two pairs of clamps is, after which the brackets are moved apart in the axial direction and thus a flow effect as a result of the causing more stretching than bending motion.

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This method also has various disadvantages such as discontinuity and therefore slowness causing it a large chip waste at the ends which must be removed after being squeezed through the clamp were and continue to require considerable effort.

Furthermore, a method for aligning by means of vibrations is known, in which the portion to be aligned is pushed through arrays of shaped rollers, which are arranged side by side and in two planes where the two planes are perpendicular to each other and each contain the ideal axis of the section, so that the vibrations, which are applied to the two levels with a set of cams, reach the Cause the yield point in the entire fibers of the section. Although this method has the advantage of continuity , i.e. that a single work pass is used, in practice it is only used in Cases of non-circular cross-sections are used. Indeed, these systems would be for circular cross-sections uneconomical as it does not have any screw movement of the section that could be more easily exploited.

Finally there are the methods of aligning that are known and widespread nowadays and are used in the majority of cases with regard to tubes and rods, the tube being formed by a set of shaped tubes which are oriented such that their axes are oblique with respect to the axis of the tube itself, whereby the latter is subjected to a helical movement which is decisive with respect to the various Planes that contain the ideal axis contributes to alignment. Apart from the fact that this Rolls have different diameters and shapes, which

depend on the respective different use cases, can they all be powered or some can idle; they can be individually or in terms of insist that more than one simultaneous contact with the peripheral surface of the same section of tube is desired is arranged in pairs or in groups of three.

On the other hand, it is known that the rigid rotational movement of a segment around a line which with respect to the segment is inclined, creates a rolling surface known as a "single skin hyperboloid", which is is a square surface system made up of straight lines. Despite the freedom of design, which above As mentioned, this curved surface is generally designed to be a generatrix or generatrix of the tube can be reached, which always coincides with one of the generators of the hyperboloid. this is made in order to achieve not only linear, but rather straight-line contact between roller and tube, in order to reduce wear, effort and, in particular, disturbances caused by impressions and traces which arise on the outer surface of the tube due to relative sliding movements of the same. The use of roles, which are arranged in pairs or in groups of three, also prevents any oval deformation of the tube, which can be achieved with a single, circumferential contact cannot be prevented.

.30 Nonetheless, prevents the hyperboloid contour, which is often difficult to manufacture, as special gauges are required and the quality of the steel used must be taken into account, slipping processes are not complete, because at the points of the rollers, which have different distances from their axes, there are different peripheral speeds result. On the other hand it arises

rectilinear contact between the generators only if the angle of inclination of the roller axis with respect to the of the tube with the characteristic angle of the hyperbola, i.e. with the angle which is between the asymptotes and the Transverse axis are formed, corresponds. Surface contours are therefore determined in practical operation, which deviate from the theoretical hyperbola; they are either more refined or more empirical, up to one circular contour, this being often done by the user is accomplished, which revise the roles themselves again.

In any event, if only two hyperboloid rollers are provided, the characteristic angle should be relative be small to limit sliding movement; i.e. that the rollers therefore have a fairly large axial length, to create sufficient adhesion to move the pipe forward, the speed of that movement is proportional to the sine of the angle. However, if, on the other hand, several roles in a row in are arranged in the axial direction, the mass load on the axis can often have negative effects the need for greater expansion with respect to the roll stand and there is also the disadvantage that a considerable waste of material occurs at the end regions, since their bending does not prevent can be.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device for aligning rod material with a circular cross-section, such as tubes or rods, with which the elimination of at least one of the disadvantages the state of the art is possible.

This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1, according to which at least one

rotating ring is provided which has any outer peripheral surface, a convex inner peripheral surface and in particular has a diametrical cross-section »which represents a hyperbola. 5

In accordance with a preferred embodiment the invention, the device has three such rings, which one behind the other along the axis of the Tube are arranged, the axis of each ring with respect to the tube longitudinal axis with the same angular amount is arranged obliquely. The two outer rings are driven and rotate at the same speed, whereas the middle ring rotates without a drive and its rotation due to the friction with the tube self is enforced. The angle of attack of the two end rings points in the same direction, i.e. in the direction in which the tube is moved forward, whereas the middle ring is inclined even in the opposite direction can be.

Further details, features and advantages of the present invention emerge from the following description of three embodiments based on the drawing.

It shows:

Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of the device according to the Invention, the representation is limited to the three alignment rings;

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the three rings

according to FIG. 1;

Fig. 3 is a side view of an embodiment of the gg entire device according to the invention, wherein

the device is provided with the three rings according to FIG. 1;

Fig. 4 is a schematic side view of another embodiment of the invention;

and
5

5 shows a schematic side view of a further embodiment.

With regard to the drawing, FIGS. 1 and 2 show schematically the arrangement of three rings around one to be aligned Steel tube 1 around, the three rings being part of the invention Device are.

Two end rings 2 and 4 are driven by drive units not shown in the drawing and rotate at the same speed in the direction of arrow F, with the result that the tube 1 is not only in the direction of the arrow F rotates, but it also becomes a component of a translational movement in the direction of the arrow G applied to them, whereby they are with moved forward in a helical motion. One of the rings, in the drawing ring 2, is shown transparent to show its inner contour, which is identical to that of the other two rings, i.e. it is ideally one in its diametrical cross-section Hyperbola, or in other words: it defines a concave single-shell hyperboloid in its interior. Of the Angle of inclination oC with respect to the longitudinal axis of the tube 1 is the same for all three rings, but the middle ring 3 can just as easily be inclined in the opposite direction as can be seen better from FIG. Furthermore, the middle ring 3 can with respect to the two end rings be set lower and come into contact with the tube 1 along the upper generatrix, in contrast to the other two rings, which are in contact with the inner one, so that the tube acts like a support.

holds, which rests on two unilateral bearings and is loaded in the middle.

It can be seen that even a small angle of inclination oc is a twist or attack angle generated, which is three or four times larger than that which can be achieved with the previously known end rollers. This fact, which also means less forward movement and therefore closer together streaks the tube, which is exposed to the load up to the yield point, thus has the effect that im essentially the entire surface of the tube and not just a helical strip is immediately covered in one work pass and thus the necessary avoids further work cycles.

The larger twist angle reduces the possibilities that blows compared with previously known roles and jamming occur when entering the roles and that lateral sliding of the beginning and end pieces occurs, so that the number of operational incidents or even accidents is also reduced.

In Fig. 3, a preferred embodiment of the device is shown in its entirety. Each of the three Rings is enclosed in a stand 12, 13 and 14 for receiving the rings, the stand being the option has to rotate around its own vertical diametrical axis until the required angle of attack is reached. Mechanical, hydraulic or oleodynamic links are between the axes 6 and 8 of the two uprights 12 and 14 provided to ensure that the latter have the same angle of attack. In Fig. 3 these are links shown diagrammatically by a lever 9, at the ends of which the axes 6 and 8 of the stands 12 and 14 are rotatably mounted and which also has a central support pin 10 on which an arm 7 is

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is stored, this arm 7 is intended to hold the height position of the central stand 13 and adjust. All rings rotate about their own axes within "their own stands; Corresponding bearings, not shown in the drawing, are provided for this, as well as for the end rings, gear rims and motors, preferably hydraulically driven in order to drive the rings themselves. Each stand is built on a platform 11 which is divided into two different areas corresponding to the different stands; a middle part II ¹ is adjustable in height with respect to the other areas and can be moved by the adjustment arm 7, for example with a screw thread, so that an adjustment in the vertical direction with respect to the diameter of the tube to be aligned and in accordance with the zero point error of the curvature is possible.

Since two systems of parallel straight lines can be established on any hyperboloid surface, which one both have the same characteristic angle, but an inclination, 'which is opposite in sign with respect to the axis the tube has, can in some cases the middle stand 13 and thus the ring 3 in the opposite direction of rotation are driven with respect to the two outer uprights of the driven rings, as shown in FIG. In this case, the ring 3 is moved at a slow angular speed and exercises a slight Braking effect from, which is more or less desired, whereas on the other hand the axial compression increases and thus the zero point error of the curvature is somewhat larger. However, the compression can be limited enough when the arrangement of FIG. 1 is used with rings which are all parallel to one another, which is shown in FIG a reduction in the overall axial compression of the device and the tension exerted by the tube 1 is generated in it, results, which has the essential advantage that an even greater reduction

of the zero point error of the curvature is reached, which, for a given diameter, is proportional to the square of the length, ie equidistant distance between the two penetrations 3 and 4. Another essential advantage, for the same reasons, is the drastic reduction of the remaining curvature on dön end areas and the resulting exciting finishing, which, in contrast to this, was inevitable in the previously known devices for aligning with multiple rollers.
j

The embodiment according to FIG. 3, in which the stands completely enclose the associated rings, is particularly suitable for driving the driven end rings by means of hydraulic motors or turbines instead of electric motors, the rings themselves being provided with radially peripheral blades and working fluid in the stands is introduced via electrical control elements such as, for example, electrical valves 22, 22 ', 24 and 24', as shown schematically in FIG. 3. In this way, disadvantages with regard to the drive can be avoided and a synchronization between the two driven rings can easily be achieved by means of a hydraulic switching arrangement. _;

<L

From what has been said so far, it follows that the main advantage of the present invention is to be seen in the fact that the structural design is extremely simple / which not only greatly simplifies the adjustment of the alignment elements, but also sehy low set-up and operating costs. ]

Of course, more complex embodiments are also possible possible with those series of more than three rings, all of which work as described above, or combinations of rings with rollers are provided, the middle free running ring is replaced by a pressure roller, the

BATH ORIGINAL

is also free running. Such an embodiment is shown schematically in FIG. Especially if two-sided bearings are necessary, it is possible to have a hyperboloid roller inside a according to the invention To arrange the ring, the ring having a surface similar and complementary to that of the roller in order to have a calibration effect to achieve and to prevent the tube from deforming oval. Such an embodiment is shown in Fig; * 5 schematically.

On the other hand, the one-sided bearings prevent the tube from being flattened, especially in the case of a small one Thickness or wall thickness, and still allows considerable energy savings. In conclusion, it is with the application a device as previously described possible to align tubes that have already been finished End areas (thread, upset, overlapping, etc.) have, simply the middle one in due course Stand, which cooperates with the idle ring, is adjusted vertically, so that the result End portions of the tube can run loosely through the ring, whereas the end portions in the other case the movement forward and must be handled carefully.

Possible additions, variations and improvements to the above-described and illustrated embodiments of the device according to the invention can be made by a person skilled in the art are carried out without going beyond the scope of the invention itself, all already in the description thereof known considerations and methods already used for devices for aligning tubes with several roles have been omitted.

Claims (10)

25 30 PATENT CLAIMS 1.] Device for cold alignment of pipes or rods with a circular cross-section, characterized in that that three work tools are provided, at least one of which is a rotating ring, which has any outer surface and a curved convex inner surface; that the smallest inner diameter of the ring is larger than the outer diameter of the tube to be aligned; and in that the ring is arranged around the tube with its axis of rotation inclined with respect to the axis of the tube so that the distance between the two is canceled. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two rings (2, 3, 4) are rotatably arranged around the pipe (1) to be aligned; in that at least one of the rings is driven to rotate about its own axis and to apply a rotational movement to the tube and, at the same time, a translational movement in the direction of the axial advancement component; and that the angle of attack ( oL) between ring and tube is the same for all driven rings, the rings rotating at the same peripheral speed in the points of contact with the tube. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that that three rings (2, 3, 4) one behind the other and close together are arranged with minimal compression along the tube (1); that the two outer rings (2, 4) are driven and thus push the pipe; that the two outer rings with the same angle of attack (oL) parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pipe • · stand each other; and that the middle ring (|) is free running is arranged, but is also inevitably oriented in the axial direction, wherein .'seine The axis of rotation is at a predetermined and adjustable height, so that it is due to friction with the Tube (1) rotates and thereby applies a downward force to the latter, which the Nearing the yield point of the material. * 4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the rings (2, 3, 4) in uprights (12, 13, j 14) ge are stored, which are mounted on platform sections (11, 11 '), and which are rotatably connected to axles (6, 8) on support bearings in order to adjust the angle of incidence ( ei ) for the outer uprights (12, 14) and also the setting angle (ot) and a vertical rod (7) of the central stand (13) to be set, the vertical axes (6, 7, 8) being connected to one another by means of at least one transmission device (9 £ are. } 5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that that the outer uprights (12, 14) are containers, which sealingly surround the associated rings (2, 4), the latter having a scoop-like outer surface have and thus under the action of a working fluid, which under pressure in the stator; means a hydraulic motor is introduced via electrical control elements (22, 22 ', 24, 24'), with one another work synchronized as turbines. ; 6. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that that the profile of the inner surface of "each of the rings (2, 3, 4) is a hyperbola, and the J-free volume within each of the rings is in the shape of a cupola hyperboloid which: is coaxial with the ring. BATH ORIGINAL · ' ft ** t> Λ- * * * ff »t Λ α 7. Device according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that all three rings (2, 3, 4) are parallel to each other and have the same angle of attack ( OL ) which is oriented in the same axial direction. 8. Device according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized characterized in that the middle ring (3) has the same angle of attack with respect to the axis of the tube (1), however, the angle of attack with respect to the two outer rings (2, 4) in the opposite direction points and thus exerts a braking effect on the tube to be aligned. 9. The device according to claim 2, characterized by two outer driven rings and a middle roller which has a concave outer surface and which is free running with its axis in a predetermined one Height is arranged so that a downward force is exerted on the tube (1) and the roller rotates due to the frictional effect. 10. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that a roller with a concave outer surface, which is similar and complementary to the inner surface of the ring, between each of the two driven ones outer rings (2, 4) and the tube to be aligned is inserted and by means of friction the reverse Rotary movement of the associated ring transmits.