DE2736218C3 - Anordnung zur automatischen Erfassung von Luftblasen in einer Strömungsmittelleitung - Google Patents
Anordnung zur automatischen Erfassung von Luftblasen in einer StrömungsmittelleitungInfo
- Publication number
- DE2736218C3 DE2736218C3 DE2736218A DE2736218A DE2736218C3 DE 2736218 C3 DE2736218 C3 DE 2736218C3 DE 2736218 A DE2736218 A DE 2736218A DE 2736218 A DE2736218 A DE 2736218A DE 2736218 C3 DE2736218 C3 DE 2736218C3
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- input
- gate
- output
- line
- fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims description 72
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 8
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/36—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests with means for eliminating or preventing injection or infusion of air into body
- A61M5/365—Air detectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/85—Investigating moving fluids or granular solids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P13/00—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement
- G01P13/008—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement by using a window mounted in the fluid carrying tube
- G01P13/0086—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement by using a window mounted in the fluid carrying tube with photo-electric detection
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S128/00—Surgery
- Y10S128/13—Infusion monitoring
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/713,664 US4114144A (en) | 1976-08-12 | 1976-08-12 | Automatic air-in-line fluid detector |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2736218A1 DE2736218A1 (de) | 1978-02-23 |
| DE2736218B2 DE2736218B2 (de) | 1981-04-23 |
| DE2736218C3 true DE2736218C3 (de) | 1982-01-14 |
Family
ID=24866999
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2736218A Expired DE2736218C3 (de) | 1976-08-12 | 1977-08-09 | Anordnung zur automatischen Erfassung von Luftblasen in einer Strömungsmittelleitung |
| DE19777724982U Expired DE7724982U1 (de) | 1976-08-12 | 1977-08-09 | Externer detektorteil fuer eine einrichtung zur feststellung von luftblasen in einer ein stroemungsmittel fuehrenden leitung |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19777724982U Expired DE7724982U1 (de) | 1976-08-12 | 1977-08-09 | Externer detektorteil fuer eine einrichtung zur feststellung von luftblasen in einer ein stroemungsmittel fuehrenden leitung |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4114144A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS5321887A (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU506982B2 (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR7705007A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1096459A (enExample) |
| DE (2) | DE2736218C3 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2361644A1 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1550060A (enExample) |
| SE (1) | SE428873B (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (88)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4181130A (en) * | 1977-11-04 | 1980-01-01 | Ivac Corporation | Drop discriminator system |
| DE2758368C2 (de) * | 1977-12-28 | 1985-10-17 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Vorrichtung zur vorprogrammierbaren Infusion von Flüssigkeiten |
| US4256437A (en) * | 1978-02-01 | 1981-03-17 | Stewart Naumann Laboratories, Inc. | Peristaltic infusion pump and method |
| US4280495A (en) * | 1978-11-24 | 1981-07-28 | Sarns, Inc. | Air emboli detection |
| US4265240A (en) * | 1979-04-16 | 1981-05-05 | Imed Corporation | Apparatus for providing a controlled introduction of intravenous fluid to a patient |
| US4291692A (en) * | 1979-10-09 | 1981-09-29 | University Of Utah | Closed-loop infusion system, both method and apparatus, based on real time urine measurement |
| US4344429A (en) * | 1979-12-13 | 1982-08-17 | Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. | Bubble detector with feedback circuit for improved sensitivity |
| WO1981001655A1 (en) * | 1979-12-13 | 1981-06-25 | Baxter Travenol Lab | Bubble detector |
| US4717548A (en) * | 1980-06-09 | 1988-01-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Department Of Health And Human Services | Analytically controlled blood perfusion system |
| US4367736A (en) * | 1980-08-25 | 1983-01-11 | Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. | System for detecting bubble formation in clear and opaque fluids |
| JPS5767748U (enExample) * | 1980-10-11 | 1982-04-23 | ||
| US4328800A (en) * | 1980-10-30 | 1982-05-11 | Alvin J. Marx | Automated intravenous fluid regulating and administering apparatus |
| US4328801A (en) * | 1980-10-30 | 1982-05-11 | Alvin J. Marx | Automated intravenous fluid regulating and administering apparatus |
| US4431425A (en) * | 1981-04-28 | 1984-02-14 | Quest Medical, Inc. | Flow fault sensing system |
| DE3125367A1 (de) * | 1981-06-27 | 1983-01-20 | Vereinigte Flugtechnische Werke Gmbh, 2800 Bremen | "verfahren zur umformung von blechteilen sowie vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens" |
| DE3135070C2 (de) * | 1981-09-04 | 1985-07-11 | Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Erfassen von Objekten und Strukturen, die in einem lichtabsorbierenden Medium verborgen sind |
| FR2528186A1 (fr) * | 1982-06-07 | 1983-12-09 | Deude Rene | Systemes permettant la detection d'objet par variation de mouvement d'un fluide |
| US4565500A (en) * | 1983-02-24 | 1986-01-21 | Stewart-Riess Laboratories, Inc. | Air bubble detecting and discriminating circuit arrangement and method |
| DE3346198A1 (de) * | 1983-12-21 | 1985-07-04 | ABC-Analytische Biochemie GmbH, 8039 Puchheim | Sensor fuer die beruehrungsfreie erkennung von fluessigkeiten in leitungen |
| GB8424101D0 (en) * | 1984-09-24 | 1984-10-31 | Vi Tal Hospital Products Ltd | Air-in-line detector |
| IT8453987U1 (it) * | 1984-10-31 | 1986-05-01 | Hospal Dasco Spa | Dispositivo rivelatore della presenza di fluido in corrispondenza di un prefissato livello di un contenitore di liquido |
| US4658244A (en) * | 1985-03-28 | 1987-04-14 | Imed Corporation | Air-in-line detector |
| JPH0328361Y2 (enExample) * | 1985-05-10 | 1991-06-18 | ||
| JPS6255188U (enExample) * | 1985-09-27 | 1987-04-06 | ||
| JPS62134051U (enExample) * | 1986-02-17 | 1987-08-24 | ||
| US4665391A (en) * | 1986-02-27 | 1987-05-12 | Warner-Lambert Company | Empty container detector |
| US4703314A (en) * | 1986-02-27 | 1987-10-27 | Fisher Scientific Group, Inc. | Empty container detector with drop sensor |
| US4752690A (en) * | 1986-08-11 | 1988-06-21 | Coulter Electronics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for detecting incongruities, such as air bubbles, in fluid material |
| JPH0539702Y2 (enExample) * | 1987-06-24 | 1993-10-08 | ||
| JPS63318951A (ja) * | 1987-06-24 | 1988-12-27 | Terumo Corp | 医療用流体検出装置 |
| JPS6439748U (enExample) * | 1987-09-01 | 1989-03-09 | ||
| US4751476A (en) * | 1987-09-21 | 1988-06-14 | Fisher Scientific Company | Detector device and method for distinguishing between fluids having different dielectric properties |
| GB8918596D0 (en) * | 1989-08-15 | 1989-09-27 | Bass Plc | The detection of bubbles in flowing liquids |
| US5000663A (en) | 1989-09-05 | 1991-03-19 | Pacesetter Infusion, Ltd. | Automatic tubing lock for ultrasonic sensor interface |
| DE3931971C2 (de) * | 1989-09-25 | 1994-09-22 | Knapp Guenter Univ Prof Dipl I | Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung von flüssigen Analysenproben |
| FR2660755A1 (fr) * | 1990-04-06 | 1991-10-11 | Hemocare | Procede de detection de bulles dans un tube vehiculant un liquide, dispositif mettant en óoeuvre le procede et support pour dispositif. |
| DE4028881A1 (de) * | 1990-09-12 | 1992-03-19 | Rheinhuette Gmbh & Co | Verfahren und einrichtung zum schutz einer foerdereinrichtung von trockenlauf |
| US5177993A (en) * | 1991-07-22 | 1993-01-12 | Ivac Corporation | Air-in-line sensor |
| US5382232A (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1995-01-17 | Ivac Corporation | Infusion system with air-in-line clear function |
| DE4333624C2 (de) * | 1993-10-04 | 1995-12-21 | Martin Dipl Ing Simon | Anordnung zum Bestimmen der Strömungsform einer Zweiphasenströmung |
| FR2725522B1 (fr) * | 1994-10-07 | 1997-01-03 | Hospal Ind | Dispositif de detection d'un conduit et de determination d'au moins une caracteristique de son contenu |
| DE19500154C1 (de) * | 1995-01-04 | 1996-10-17 | Fritz Giebler Gmbh | Infusionsschlauch für ein Infusionsgerät mit einem Blasendetektor |
| US5583280A (en) * | 1995-01-26 | 1996-12-10 | Abbott Laboratories | Air bubble sensor with simplified mounting of piezo elements |
| JP3552374B2 (ja) * | 1995-11-30 | 2004-08-11 | ヤマハ株式会社 | 信号出力装置および光センサ |
| DE19638346C1 (de) * | 1996-09-19 | 1998-02-12 | Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen | Verfahren zur Überwachung des Betriebs einer Vorrichtung zur Zuführung eines abrasiven Mediums mit Hilfe eines Fluids |
| US5868710A (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 1999-02-09 | Liebel Flarsheim Company | Medical fluid injector |
| US6070761A (en) * | 1997-08-22 | 2000-06-06 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Vial loading method and apparatus for intelligent admixture and delivery of intravenous drugs |
| US6616633B1 (en) | 1997-09-19 | 2003-09-09 | Alaris Medical Systems, Inc. | Apparatus and method for air-in-line detection |
| US6231320B1 (en) | 1998-06-12 | 2001-05-15 | Abbott Laboratories | Drug infusion pumping cassette latching mechanism |
| US6142008A (en) * | 1998-06-12 | 2000-11-07 | Abbott Laboratories | Air bubble sensor |
| GB2398667B (en) * | 2000-08-25 | 2005-02-16 | Pittway Corp | Multi-sensor detector |
| US9028691B2 (en) | 2007-02-27 | 2015-05-12 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Blood circuit assembly for a hemodialysis system |
| KR20140137461A (ko) | 2007-02-27 | 2014-12-02 | 데카 프로덕츠 리미티드 파트너쉽 | 혈액투석 시스템 및 방법 |
| US7924424B2 (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2011-04-12 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Optical product detection sensor |
| AU2008309192B2 (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2013-06-27 | Ecolab Inc. | Optical product detection sensor |
| US9026370B2 (en) | 2007-12-18 | 2015-05-05 | Hospira, Inc. | User interface improvements for medical devices |
| US11833281B2 (en) | 2008-01-23 | 2023-12-05 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Pump cassette and methods for use in medical treatment system using a plurality of fluid lines |
| CA3210090A1 (en) | 2010-07-07 | 2012-01-12 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Medical treatment system and methods using a plurality of fluid lines |
| US9999717B2 (en) | 2011-05-24 | 2018-06-19 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Systems and methods for detecting vascular access disconnection |
| CA3166031A1 (en) | 2011-05-24 | 2012-11-29 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Hemodialysis system |
| CA2844807C (en) | 2011-08-19 | 2022-07-26 | Hospira, Inc. | Systems and methods for a graphical interface including a graphical representation of medical data |
| US10022498B2 (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2018-07-17 | Icu Medical, Inc. | System for monitoring and delivering medication to a patient and method of using the same to minimize the risks associated with automated therapy |
| US9283332B2 (en) | 2012-02-29 | 2016-03-15 | B. Braun Medical, Inc. | Intelligent air bubble detector and counters for automated infusion systems |
| US8821432B2 (en) | 2012-02-29 | 2014-09-02 | B. Braun Medical Inc. | Split and multiple air bubble sensors for automated infusion systems |
| EP2830687B1 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2019-07-24 | ICU Medical, Inc. | Air detection system and method for detecting air in a pump of an infusion system |
| ES3028431T3 (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2025-06-19 | Icu Medical Inc | Patient care system for critical medications |
| WO2014190264A1 (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2014-11-27 | Hospira, Inc. | Multi-sensor infusion system for detecting air or an occlusion in the infusion system |
| US10166328B2 (en) | 2013-05-29 | 2019-01-01 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Infusion system which utilizes one or more sensors and additional information to make an air determination regarding the infusion system |
| US9707341B2 (en) | 2013-05-29 | 2017-07-18 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Infusion system and method of use which prevents over-saturation of an analog-to-digital converter |
| US10585075B2 (en) | 2014-02-27 | 2020-03-10 | Elemental Scientific, Inc. | System for collecting liquid samples |
| JP6672180B2 (ja) | 2014-02-27 | 2020-03-25 | エレメンタル・サイエンティフィック・インコーポレイテッドElemental Scientific, Inc. | 離れた場所から液体サンプルを収集するためのシステム |
| ES2776363T3 (es) | 2014-02-28 | 2020-07-30 | Icu Medical Inc | Sistema de infusión y método que utiliza detección óptica de aire en línea de doble longitud de onda |
| JP2017517302A (ja) | 2014-05-29 | 2017-06-29 | ホスピーラ インコーポレイテッド | 構成可能閉ループ送達速度キャッチアップを有する注入システムおよびポンプ |
| US11344668B2 (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2022-05-31 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Infusion system with concurrent TPN/insulin infusion |
| US10850024B2 (en) | 2015-03-02 | 2020-12-01 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Infusion system, device, and method having advanced infusion features |
| KR102785722B1 (ko) * | 2015-06-26 | 2025-03-26 | 엘리멘탈 사이언티픽, 인코포레이티드 | 액체 샘플 수집을 위한 시스템 |
| ES2912378T3 (es) | 2016-05-13 | 2022-05-25 | Icu Medical Inc | Sistema de bomba de infusión con purga automática de línea común |
| CA3027176A1 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2017-12-14 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Acoustic flow sensor for continuous medication flow measurements and feedback control of infusion |
| US10072962B2 (en) | 2016-07-05 | 2018-09-11 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Liquid out-of-product alarm system and method |
| US10422362B2 (en) | 2017-09-05 | 2019-09-24 | Facebook Technologies, Llc | Fluidic pump and latch gate |
| US10591933B1 (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2020-03-17 | Facebook Technologies, Llc | Composable PFET fluidic device |
| US10089055B1 (en) | 2017-12-27 | 2018-10-02 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Synchronized display of screen content on networked devices |
| CN109813374A (zh) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-28 | 西南石油大学 | 分布式室内环境监测系统 |
| US11278671B2 (en) | 2019-12-04 | 2022-03-22 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Infusion pump with safety sequence keypad |
| NZ797085A (en) | 2020-07-21 | 2025-08-29 | Icu Medical Inc | Fluid transfer devices and methods of use |
| US11135360B1 (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2021-10-05 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Concurrent infusion with common line auto flush |
| USD1091564S1 (en) | 2021-10-13 | 2025-09-02 | Icu Medical, Inc. | Display screen or portion thereof with graphical user interface for a medical device |
| EP4444472A4 (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2025-11-19 | Icu Medical Inc | COORDINATED FLOW CONTROL MEDICAL FLUID MIXING SYSTEMS |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2835252A (en) * | 1955-06-06 | 1958-05-20 | James B Mcfadyen | Monitor apparatus for blood transfusions |
| US3618061A (en) * | 1969-04-30 | 1971-11-02 | Eaton Yale & Towne | Monitoring apparatus for monitoring the density of a material carried by a fluid and the flow of the fluid |
| US3699560A (en) * | 1970-10-08 | 1972-10-17 | Bendix Corp | Precision position indicator |
| US3892485A (en) * | 1974-05-06 | 1975-07-01 | Gen Electric | Monitoring apparatus for measuring particles suspended in liquid and for measuring the opacity of the liquid |
| US3985133A (en) * | 1974-05-28 | 1976-10-12 | Imed Corporation | IV pump |
-
1976
- 1976-08-12 US US05/713,664 patent/US4114144A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1977
- 1977-07-28 AU AU27411/77A patent/AU506982B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-07-29 BR BR7705007A patent/BR7705007A/pt unknown
- 1977-08-09 DE DE2736218A patent/DE2736218C3/de not_active Expired
- 1977-08-09 DE DE19777724982U patent/DE7724982U1/de not_active Expired
- 1977-08-10 GB GB33598/77A patent/GB1550060A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-08-11 CA CA284,542A patent/CA1096459A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-08-11 SE SE7709081A patent/SE428873B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-08-11 FR FR7724708A patent/FR2361644A1/fr active Granted
- 1977-08-11 JP JP9565077A patent/JPS5321887A/ja active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2736218B2 (de) | 1981-04-23 |
| FR2361644A1 (fr) | 1978-03-10 |
| BR7705007A (pt) | 1978-06-06 |
| DE7724982U1 (de) | 1979-02-08 |
| CA1096459A (en) | 1981-02-24 |
| GB1550060A (en) | 1979-08-08 |
| SE428873B (sv) | 1983-08-01 |
| AU506982B2 (en) | 1980-01-31 |
| AU2741177A (en) | 1979-02-01 |
| JPS5321887A (en) | 1978-02-28 |
| JPS6128092B2 (enExample) | 1986-06-28 |
| DE2736218A1 (de) | 1978-02-23 |
| US4114144A (en) | 1978-09-12 |
| FR2361644B1 (enExample) | 1981-04-10 |
| SE7709081L (sv) | 1978-02-13 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OD | Request for examination | ||
| C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
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Free format text: MOLL, W., DIPL.-PHYS. DR.RER.NAT. GLAWE, U., DIPL.-PHYS. DR.RER.NAT. MERKAU, B., DIPL.-PHYS., 8000 MUENCHEN DELFS, K., DIPL.-ING. MENGDEHL, U., DIPL.-CHEM. DR.RER.NAT. NIEBUHR, H., DIPL.-PHYS. DR.PHIL.HABIL., PAT.-ANWAELTE, 2000 HAMBURG |
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