DE2616271A1 - PROCEDURES FOR CLASSIFYING OR SORTING HETEROGENIC MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT FOR APPLYING THE PROCEDURE, IN PARTICULAR TREATMENT OF THE FESTIVAL URBAN - Google Patents

Description

PATENT LAWYERS

GRÄMKOW, MANITZ & FINSTERWALD

7 STUTTCART 50 (BAD CAN NSTATT) SEELBERGSTRASSE 23/25

U.107 Gr / Sch 2/5 Ip. April 1976

Applicant;

R.UTI.R. Soc.r.l., Rome / Italy, Via Bruxelles 53

"Method for classifying or sorting heterogeneous materials and equipment for applying the method, in particular for the treatment of solid urban waste "

The invention relates to a method for classifying or sorting heterogeneous materials and a system for Application of the procedure, especially for treatment of solid urban waste.

Air sorters are often used when materials to be classified or sorted, both are dissimilar in terms of their shape and weight. These known air sorters meet however, their purpose mostly only when the lumpiness of the material is at least substantially uniform. On the other hand, sorting apparatus of this type are based mainly - if not exclusively - on an arbitrarily induced one rising airflow, which within the respective

609846/0281

D I P L. - I N G. W. C R A M K O W DR. G. MAN ITZ DIPL.- NG. M. FINSTERWALD

7 STUTTGART 5O (BAD CANNSTATT) 8 MUNICH 22. ROBKRT-KOCH-STRASSE I

SEELBERGSTR.2 3 / 2S.TEL. (07il) S6 72 61 TEL. (089) 22 42 11. TELEX 0 5-2 9 6 72 PATMF

ORIGINAL INSPECTED

gen guide channel a different buoyancy of the Materials with reference to the specific gravity of the same causes.

In the case of solid urban rubbish, it is extremely sluggish to achieve a piece of it. Which at least can with the best of intentions be described as uniform, while the material to be treated is mostly unchanged Weight is up.

The present invention therefore relates to a method of the type mentioned at the beginning and has the task of classifying or to sort the heterogeneous materials as completely as possible.

The method according to the invention accordingly essentially exists in that a first air flow and a second air flow are generated and both air flows in the same negative pressure or pressure duct, the second air flow being fed into the vacuum duct Sweeps past materials and thus accelerates them. As a result of this, as well as due to the different weight and volume, the materials react to those of the second The acceleration caused by the air flow differs in that some materials are lifted up in the vacuum duct xverden, while others fall down there, with the falling

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of materials by their impact on a expediently inclined surface is favored in the Unterdruckleitkanal that the materials impinging on it imparts a downward component.

The present invention also relates to a plant for practicing the method according to the invention. After this system according to the invention, a shaking or vibration feeder is preferably provided, which the materials in the vacuum duct of the System brings in. This duct is pressurized by means of a vent, which is also part of a a centrifugal decanter provided with a star valve.

There is an important feature of the plant according to the invention furthermore in the fact that the vacuum guide channel opposite the shaking or vibrating feeder with a central axis to the channel appropriately inclined surface is provided, such that the components impinging on this surface of the solid urban waste received a downward thrust, which is the resultant of the force caused by the weight of the materials and the acceleration which the materials of rare of the second air flow.

609846/0281

The system according to the invention is based on the attached Schematic drawing as an example described in more detail.

That coming from a so-called pre-selection and therefore already for the purpose of better efficiency of the system itself Crushed material is, for example, shown schematically in the drawing, on a vibrating or "vibrating feed Longer 11 is unloaded and then introduced into the vacuum duct 12. The vacuum duct 12 is Part of a centrifugal decanter 13 provided with a star valve 14 and ventilator 15.

As can be seen from the drawing, the according to the invention »air sorting apparatus by a vent 15 under suction, in the air - as for this purpose usual - from below and beyond over the upper surface l6 of the loading opening for the to be treated Material is sucked in. According to the invention it is proposed that the loading opening for the to be sorted Not to make material in the vacuum duct 12 airtight; rather, ought-with other words and in contrast to the known sorting devices - a certain additional amount of air over the material to be sorted as well as over the upper surface l6 of the loading opening into the vacuum duct 12 enter.

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C ₁

Those above this, however, reduced to a minimum Unclosed air entering the gap is used to accelerate the bodies that are transported by the vibrating feeder 11 in the vacuum duct 12 of the system according to the invention be introduced.

As can also be seen from the drawing, the vacuum guide channel 12 faces the loading opening for the material to be sorted and thus, in accordance with the feeder 11, one to the central axis of the channel appropriately inclined wall l8. The slope of this

andung 18 must be chosen so that the Feeder 11 introduced into the vacuum duct 12 and accelerated according to the invention by the further air flow Material strikes the wall 18 with appropriate weight and shape characteristics, in such a way that the resultant the forces acting on this material let this material fall down, while the rest of the material, which due to its properties does not weigh enough and is not accelerated enough, the effect is subject to air suction and thus to the centrifugal decanting device IJ arrives. From the centrifugal decanter 13 is then via the star valve 14 the Paper and plastic material, which is abundant in urban solid waste, are separated, while the remainder part of it can be separated in different ways.

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-G-

As can be seen without further ado, the inclined wall together with the second air stream has a decisive function for sorting the material. Da s ^:; ch can change the quality, quantity and weight of the solid urban refuse to be sorted, the wall 18 can expediently be provided with a hinge 19, by means of which the inclination of the wall to the channel center axis can be changed.

The operation of the system according to the invention is obvious. In particular, it should be emphasized that the preferably provided shaking or vibrating feeder 11 the material obtained is distributed over the entire predetermined width and into the interior of the vacuum guide channel 12 introduces. By the action of the air intake and between the upper wall l6 of the loading opening for the material to be treated and the loading level of the feeder 11 existing space the material entering the vacuum duct 12 experiences an acceleration and hits the wall l8, where the component of the impact force is the Drops material; if this acceleration is not sufficient to effect the serve, it will i-laterial lifted up and to the decanter IjJ brought.

609846/028 1

By the method according to the invention for the classification or sorting of heterogeneous materials and the system for the application of this method, in particular for the treatment of solid urban waste, it is possible to use the Components of the latter to separate from each other in terms of their weight and shape and thus a differentiated To ensure recovery of the same.

The proposed process and facility was only explained above by way of example. Of course, changes or improvements are possible should prove useful in practical application, without thereby departing from the basic concept of the invention is deviated.

6098A6 / 0281

Claims (4)

Expectations: lJ method of classifying or sorting heterogeneous materials, in particular for the treatment of solid urban waste, characterized in that that essentially a first air flow and a second air flow are generated and both air flows in the same vacuum or pressure duct are conducted, the second air flow to the introduced into the vacuum duct Brushes past materials, accelerating them and dropping them down while the less because of their shape and weight characteristics accelerated materials are lifted upwards by the action of air suction and may be subjected to a further separation. 2. Plant for applying the method according to the invention according to claim 1, characterized in that the feeding of the material into the vacuum or pressure duct of the plant is preferably accomplished with the help of a vibrating or vibrating feeder, the feed 609846/0281 opening for the material to be treated is dimensioned so that suction air between the upper surface of the Loading opening and the loading level of the feeder can enter. 3. Plant according to claim 2, characterized in that that the vacuum duct opposite the loading opening for the too classifying or sorting material and thus in accordance with the feeder a for Channel center axis has inclined wall, depending on the quality, quantity and weight of the to be treated solid urban waste the inclination of said wall can be changed with the help of a hinge. 4. Plant according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a centrifugal decanting device downstream of the vacuum duct is provided with a star valve at the bottom. 609846/0281 AO Blank page