DE2520984A1 - SUCTION AIR AND COMPRESSED AIR CONVEYOR SYSTEM FOR CONVEYING FINE DUST - Google Patents

Description

EHpl.-Ing. Dr. jur. O Γ Ο Π Q O /

Frank Arnold Nix 2 5 2 0 9 8 ^

Patent attorney

6 Frankfurt am Main 70

Gart.-nstrasse 123

SUCTION AND COMPRESSED AIR CONVEYING SYSTEM FOR 5 ¹ OEDDEUNG OF FINE DUST

The invention relates to a suction and compressed air conveyor system for conveying dust-fine material such as cement, ash, horse, slaked lime powder, Flour, coal dust, etc. and is suitable for sucking in and conveying the said goods from the means of transport, in which these goods are poured loose, to the containers located in the operating and storage rooms as well as for the Conveying a fine dust item from one storage room to the other.

It is already a suction air-compressed air conveyor system for the said purposes known, which has a mobile suction device and a settling chamber arranged thereon, in which Lower part of an emptying device for emptying the settling chamber of the material and feeding it to a conveying line connected air chamber is installed.

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¹ ^ cm. ^mm

A vacuum pump is provided on the suction device, by the inside of the deposition chamber over fixed therein Bag filter a negative pressure is generated. Next is a compressed air hose system and one connected to the air chamber Hose available for product discharge.

The suction device of the well-known suction air-compressed air conveyor system consists of a housing, a chassis, a loosener, feed discs and one with the settling chamber connected pickup nozzle together.

The settling chamber consists of a welded housing, which is supported by a cylindrical part and a part connected to it conical part formed and closed at the top with a lid is.

A hose filter system and a cleaning device for cleaning the hoses are attached to the cover of the sedimentation chamber held by the dust deposited on it.

The emptying device of the known conveyor system consists of a screw press with an electric motor drive, whose Sleeve and a check valve through which the sleeve is attached their front side is closed. The emptying device is connected to that of a housing and a base existing air chamber. An airtight intermediate floor is provided between the housing and the base of the air chamber. (See e.g. Vorobiov, A.A., Matveev, A.I., Nosko, G.S., Shapunov, M.M., Annisski, B.A., Pnevmotransportnye ustanovki.

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(Pneumatic conveyor systems) (a reference book.), Publisher Mashinostroenie, 1969, pp.38-53, and the copyright no. 141806 HK class 65g 53/40, USSR).

The well-known suction and compressed air conveyor system works like

The process of sucking in and conveying the goods starts as soon as compressed air is supplied to the base of the air chamber and the vacuum pump of the conveyor system as well as the emptying device and the press screw are in operation. After the conveyor system has moved towards the material to be discharged, it is loosened up under the action of the feed discs and the atmospheres are in the state of good-air -Mixture transferred (it becomes quasi-liquid) and into the separator " Chamber sucked, in which from the material-air mixture completely the material, which was previously deposited in the lower part of the settling chamber and only is then fed through the press screw to the evacuation device of the air chamber, and the air is fed through the vacuum pump is sucked off and passed through the bag filter into the atmosphere.

The good, which in turn is saturated with the compressed air that is supplied from an external compressed air source and through the leaking intermediate floor reaches from the base, also moves in the form of a good-air mixture over the conveying line and leaves the conveyor system.

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However, the known conveyor system is not free from some disadvantages. The bag filters in the sedimentation chamber partially let through dust during operation and are clogged with this dust, which results in an increased difference between the pressure in front of the filter and that behind this filter results in a rupture of the filter fabric, a filter malfunction and increases the dustiness of the environment. Furthermore, the filters must be carefully maintained and replaced in good time, as soon as they are disturbed, as a result of which the operational safety of the conveyor system as a whole is impaired. The presence the vacuum pump to generate a negative pressure within the separation chamber makes the execution of the conveyor system more difficult and increasing energy expenditure.

The invention aims to remedy the deficiencies discussed.

It is based on the task of creating a suction and compressed air

-Conveyor system for the conveyance of fine dust goods, / whose_V omchtungj

through the implementation of the basic procedural steps (Picking up the goods and discharging them from the conveyor system) compared to other known ones Conveyor systems simplified the design, improved operational reliability, reduced energy consumption and the Dust pollution in the environment is reduced.

The task is solved in that the suction and compressed air - Conveyor system for conveying fine dust, which has a suction

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contains device, which is connected to a settling chamber is, in the lower part an emptying device for emptying the settling chamber of the good and its supply line an air chamber connected to a conveying line is installed, is provided with a jet apparatus according to the invention, the one with its suction chamber to the settling chamber to generate a negative pressure, that for the suction of the goods into the Settling chamber and the suction of the dust-laden air is necessary, and the pressure chamber to the air chamber to build up a pressure, which is necessary for the promotion of the material from the air chamber, is connected, with in the upper part the settling chamber a hollow element open at the bottom is attached, which with its lower edge the material level within the settling chamber limited and has at least one diaphragm on its wall, which by means of a pull rod with one in the upper part the settling chamber built-in valve is connected, which controls the inlet of atmospheric air into the settling chamber as soon as this with the good above the lower edge of the hollow element

is filled.

The jet device can be installed in the housing of the air chamber, while its suction chamber is connected to the The upper part of the separation chamber is connected

The jet apparatus can also be located between the settling chamber and the air can are located by by. Pipelines its pressure space with the air chamber and its suction space with connected to the settling chamber.

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With such an arrangement of the blasting device on the pipeline, through which its suction chamber is excited to the settling chamber is closed, it is advisable to provide a check valve.

The blasting device can also be installed in the upper part of the settling chamber and its pressure chamber through a pipeline connected to the air chamber.

A check valve can be attached to the housing of the jet device in front of its suction chamber.

Within the hollow element of the conveyor system it is also expedient to accommodate a cyclone whose cavity is attached the suction chamber of the blasting device is connected.

The essence of the invention is shown in the following.

In pneumatic conveying systems, it is known that a pressure drop occurs during the supply of compressed air to the air chamber. That The presence of the blasting device in the conveyor system according to the invention allows the energy of the pressure gradient to be used in relation to the conveyor system take full advantage of the coming compressed air. Part of this energy is used to suck the material into the separation chamber and the extraction of the dust-laden air therefrom and the remaining part for pressing the air coming out of the settling chamber dust-laden air in the air chamber and the promotion des. Goods consumed via the delivery line. This possibility offers itself thanks to the management of the main flow of material the settling chamber via the emptying device, bypassing the blasting device.

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The dust-laden air sucked in by the jet device is also pushed into the air chamber by this jet device. This amount of air (together with that coming from outside Air) serves for the further conveyance of the goods, so that the consumption the compressed air supplied to the conveyor system and thus the energy consumption can be reduced

Thanks to the presence of the jet apparatus in the erfinduigji appropriate conveyor system for sucking in the good-air mixture into the sedimentation chamber and the extraction of the dust-polluted air from it, the use is unnecessary the bag filter, while by generating the required negative pressure in the separation chamber through the suction chamber of the jet apparatus. ' . the.,. Vacuum pump unnecessary will. The absence of the bag filter and the vacuum pump leads to a simplified construction of the invention Conveyor system and its increased operational safety

Due to the arrangement of the blasting device in the immediate In the vicinity of the settling chamber, the frictional resistance decreases and this increases the tendency of this jet device to clog the pipeline connecting the sedimentation chamber · The choice of the location for the arrangement of the blasting device depends mainly according to the construction of the conveyor system and the behavior of the conveyed goods

The check valve, which responds (closes) when the pressure in the air chamber is above the reference value, is located

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to prevent pressure air from breaking through the suction chamber of the Blasting device into the settling chamber on the pipe connecting the suction chamber of the blasting device with the settling chamber When the check valve is closed, the delivery line is blown through with compressed air under high pressure and the compressed air breakthrough switched off via the intake nozzle, whereby a dust-free process sequence under a pressure increase within the Air chamber guaranteed and the conveyor system quickly adjusts to normal operation.

The cyclone in the settling chamber is used to reduce the dust content of the dust sucked into the blasting device Air, as a result of which the content of dust-fine material in the air sucked into the blasting device from the settling chamber decreases and thus the wear of the parts of the blasting device is reduced

The conveyor system according to the invention can be designed as stationary, suspendable and self-propelled · In the case of the self-propelled Execution, the suction device is placed on the common chassis of the conveyor system, which the suction and conveying length of the goods to the settling chamber is limited to a minimum and a higher performance of the conveyor system under the same vacuum results · In special cases where, for example, the weight of the suction device or the length and height of the If the suction zone is limited, it makes sense to use a self-propelled or suspendable single suction device for a permissible negative pressure value including a stationary or movable depositing

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_ 9 -

chamber, in addition to the one shown in the drawings structural design can also be carried out differently

For a better understanding of the invention for the sake of the description the drawings for a specific design of a suction and compressed air conveyor system for conveying cement attached to the means of transport to a storage room. It shows

1 shows the self-propelled conveyor system according to the invention, the side view with a partial longitudinal section; 2 shows the associated top view; FIG. 3 shows the assembly A of FIG. 1 on a larger scale; FIG. FIG. 4 shows the section along the line IV-IV of FIG. 3;

Fig. 5 the stationary conveyor system according to the invention, the Side view with partial longitudinal section;

6 shows a second embodiment of the self-propelled pneumatic conveyor system, the side view with partial Cut;

7 shows a third embodiment of the self-propelled pneumatic conveyor system, the side view with partial Cut.

The suction and compressed air conveying system according to the invention consists of a suction device 1 (FIGS. 1, 2, 6 and 7) , a settling chamber 2, an emptying device 3 for emptying cement, an air chamber 4 which is coupled to a conveying system is, and a jet apparatus 6 together.

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The suction device 1 consists of a housing 7 »a Chassis 8, a crushing device 91 which has a rod with teeth represents, feed disks 10 and a receiving nozzle 11, which is connected to the settling chamber 2 directly or by means of a flexible pipe 12 (Fig. 5).

The settling chamber 2 consists of a housing 13 »in its upper part a hollow element 14 open at the bottom (FIGS. 1, 5 to 7), cylindrical Shape is held, which carries a diaphragm 15 (Fig. 3) on its wall, which by means of a pull rod

16 and a lever 17 with one in the upper part of the housing 13 the settling chamber 2 built-in valve 18 is connected. The hollow element 14 is there to with its lower edge the Limit the cement height in the settling chamber 2.

The lever 17 can pivot on the cylindrical joints 19 (FIG. 4) which are attached to the housing 13 at the fastening point of the hollow element 14 are held, where also, a flexible diaphragm 20 (Fig. 3) to transfer the load of the diaphragm 15 is located on the lever 17 via the pull rod 16.

To adjust the size of this load, a movable counterweight is provided on the lever 17.

. On the housing 13 (Fig. 1) is located near the lever

17 a limit switch that interacts with this lever.

To reduce the amount of dust in the blasting device Air sucked in is housed within the cylindrical hollow element 14, a cyclone 23 (Fig. 1, 5 »6).

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The cavity of the cyclone 23 is connected to the suction space of the blasting device 6 by means of a pipe 24. A compressed air breakthrough from the air chamber 4 into the settling chamber 2 To prevent the pipeline 24 is provided with a check valve 25 (Fig. 1, 5i 6).

The emptying device 3 is in the lower part of the settling chamber built in and is composed of a sleeve 26 and a screw 27 inserted therein, which is driven by an electric motor 28 is driven.

The air chamber 4 represents a housing 29 on which the Delivery line 5 and the jet apparatus 6 are attached. The jet apparatus 6 is attached directly to the housing 29 (Fig. 1, 5) or connected to this by a pipeline 30 (Fig. 6,7). In the air chamber 4, the cement mixes with the Air coming from the jet device 6 and forms a cement-air mixture. In the upper part of the housing 29 is a Check valve 31 »through which a breakthrough of the cement-air mixture via the emptying device 3 into the settling chamber 2 is prevented · By means of a pull rod 32, the check valve 31 is over an elastic diaphragm

(V erbxi nd en j

33 with a lever 34 ^r which is attached to the housing 29 by means of joints. A counterweight 35, which adjusts the pressing force of the valve 31 against the sleeve, is slidably arranged on the lever 34.

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The closing of the check valve 31 is possibly by the following three summary, according to different laws acting forces caused

- Pressure effect of the cement-air mixture in the air chamber 4 on the diaphragm 331 which is directly proportional to the pressure in the Housing 29 is.

The gravitational forces of the counterweight 35 'which remain practically constant when the lever 34 is rotated slightly.

- Pressure effect of the coming from the settling chamber 2 cement on the valve 31 only in the position in which it is almost closed.

The action of the valves 18 and 25 differs from the already described only in that these valves are characterized by no pressure effect of the material on their diaphragm are·

The jet apparatus 6 consists of a nozzle 36, via which compressed air (Fig. 1, 5 »6) is supplied, a suction chamber 37 and a pressure chamber 38 and is _with its suction chamber 37 via the pipeline 24 and the check valve 25 with the

t veT * Tnind enj settling chamber 2 for generating a negative pressure V ~ which is necessary for the cement suction and the suction of the dust-laden air, while its pressure chamber 38 is on. the air chamber

4 to form therein one for the cement supply to the delivery line.

5 necessary pressure is connected

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. According to one of the execution forms of the conveyor system is the jet apparatus 6 (Fig. 1) directly in the housing 29 of the Air chamber 4 installed. Here, the suction chamber 37 of the blasting apparatus 6 is through the pipeline 24 with the upper part of the settling chamber 2 connected.

According to a second embodiment, the jet apparatus 6 (FIG. 6) is located between the settling chamber 2 and the Air chamber 4 and has communication with the pressure chamber 38 through the Pipeline 30 with the air chamber 4, while the suction chamber 37 is coupled to the settling chamber 2 by the pipeline 24.

According to a third embodiment, the jet apparatus with its suction chamber is mounted in the upper part of the settling chamber 2, and its pressure chamber has communication with the air chamber 4 through the Pipe 30,

The suction air-compressed air conveyor system set out above has the following functionality

The conveyor system is previously close to the point of cement unloading a means of transport brought up. Then you connect the power cable and the hose to the conveyor system Compressed air supply to the nozzle 36 (Fig. 1, 5, 6) of the blasting device 6 on, the conveyor system is supplied with electricity and compressed air, the electric motors of the suction device are switched on and the emptying device 3. The suction device 1 or the entire conveyor system moves into the transport thanks to its chassis

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means on, and the elements of the suction device 1 come into contact with the discharge material. Through the breaking device 9 is the deposited cement is loosened and brought to the receiving nozzle 11 through the feed disks 10.

Within the settling chamber 2, the jet apparatus 6 generates a negative pressure.

The cement with the atmospheric air gets under the effect of the negative pressure Via the nozzle 11 and the pipe 12 into the settling chamber 2, where the cement particles are under the influence of the Put down your own weight and come to the emptying device 3. Die.staubbeladene from the nozzle 36 of the blasting device 6 incoming air enters the air chamber 4.

The cement also comes out of the emptying device 3 into the air chamber 4, where it meets the one from the jet device resulting air mixed, and moves under a pressure in the form of a cement-air mixture to the delivery line 5 »over which it is delivered to the consumer.

If the delivery line 5 is accidentally blocked, the air pressure rises inside the air chamber 4. The air pressure ■ applied via the pull rod 32 to the elastic diaphragm 33 acts, additionally loads the check valve 31ι on the always the mass of the seated on the lever 34 Counterweight 35 acts. The check valve 31 seeks to press against the end face of the sleeve 26, so that the out of the Emptying device 3 coming cement compacted considerably

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and a breakthrough of the cement_air mixture from the air chamber 4 back to the settling chamber 2 is prevented.

With a considerable increase in pressure within the air chamber 4 develops in the suction chamber 37 of the jet apparatus 6 instead a negative pressure a high pressure. Under the pressure effect, the check valve 25 responds and blocks the drilling line 24 from. When the valves 25 and 31 are closed, there is in the settling chamber no negative pressure can be determined, and the process of cement suction through the nozzle 11 stops while the. Pressure of the supplied compressed air within the air chamber 4 is increased to a maximum value, as a result of which the delivery line is blown through 5 takes place. After the delivery line 5 has been blown through, the pressure in the air chamber 4 drops. The jet apparatus 6 turns on reverts to the original operating mode and generates a negative pressure in the suction chamber 37.

The check valve opens under the influence of the negative pressure 25, a negative pressure develops in the settling chamber 2, and the cement again passes through the receiving nozzle 11 and the Pipeline 12 into the settling chamber 2, from where it passes through the emptying device 3 via the check valve 31 into the air chamber 4 and the delivery line 5 is directed.

When the emptying device 3 is blocked by im The cement discharge removes foreign bodies from the Settling chamber 2 violently, which is why the settling chamber 2 can be overfilled with cement. In this case, the cement touches q

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layers the lower edge of the hollow element 14 and closes its cave from below. As a result, occurs within the Hollow element 14 a negative pressure that is superior to that in the settling chamber 2. Under the influence of this negative pressure it bends the diaphragm 15 to the interior of the hollow element 14 through and sets the lever 17 in motion via the pull rod 16 and the elastic diaphragm 20. The latter swivels at the joints 19, overcomes the resistance of the counterweight 21 and opens the valve 18, so that the cavity of the hollow element 14 with the Atmosphere is connected. Here, the vacuum in the cavity of the hollow element 14 is disturbed, and the process of sucking in cement in the settling chamber 2 stops. The lever 171 by pivoting under the influence of the diaphragm 15 acts on the limit switch 22, which sends a signal to the operator about the malfunction.

Under normal conditions, the conveyor system secures one Self-regulating process of cement delivery.

The self-regulation takes place as follows.

As soon as the material level in the settling chamber 2 has increased, the amount of cement in the unit of time increases because of the increased resistance somewhat, while the emptying device 3 due to the increased degree of filling of the screw its Increases performance and directs more material into the air chamber 4. For this reason, the pressure of the increases in the latter Cement-air mixture, while in the jet device 6 the degree of suction

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slightly decreases, so that the negative pressure inside the settling chamber and consequently the amount of cement sucked in is reduced · The same happens when the delivery line is lengthened and thus an increase in their resistance.

A reduction in the amount of cement sucked into the settling chamber 2 results in a lowering of the cement level therein and consequently a lower amount of cement from the settling chamber «This in turn leads to a reduction in pressure of the cement-air mixture in the air chamber 2 and an increase in the degree of suction of the jet device 6.

Thus, the performance of the conveyor system depends on the circumstances (weight of the goods to be conveyed, length the delivery line, delivery head) automatically switches to the favorable operating mode.

As can be seen from the description, the advantages of the suction and compressed air conveying system according to the invention for Conveyance of fine dust compared to known conveyor systems in the following.

- Simplification of the design and operation of the conveyor system thanks to the absence of filters and the vacuum pump

- Increased operational safety of the conveyor system due to the elimination of the assemblies, which require constant and careful Require maintenance

- To generate a negative pressure inside the settling chamber, the energy of the pressure drop in the air chamber

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coming compressed air is used, whereby the energy for the sub pressure formation is saved.

- The dust-laden air sucked in with the material is fed into the air chamber and used to convey the material so that the consumption of compressed air supplied to the conveyor system decreases

- possible increase in the conveying length and height of the goods thanks to the use of the blasting device.

- By using the cyclone instead of the filter and the presence of the non-return valves, the conveyor system is used to Promotion of the goods designed as completely encapsulated, whereby the requirements of industrial hygiene are met and the possibility is given to promote a fine dust material with harmful and poisonous admixtures.

Thus, the conveyor system according to the invention is characterized by a simplified design, handiness, operational reliability * and economic efficiency due to the automatic changeover to a favorable operating mode and full utilization the energy of the pressure drop in the compressed air supplied. the end. It still allows the working conditions of the workers thanks to a considerable reduction in dust

to improve the environment during operation of the conveyor system «. «

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Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS: (_1 Suction and compressed air conveying system for conveying fine dust Good, which contains a suction device which is connected to a settling chamber, in the lower part of which there is an emptying facility for emptying the sedimentation chamber from the material and its supply line to a coupled to a conveying line Air chamber is built in, characterized that it is provided with a jet apparatus (6), which with its suction chamber (37) to the settling chamber (2) for generation therein a negative pressure that is necessary for the suction of the material into the settling chamber (2) and the suction from it of the dust-laden Air is necessary, and the pressure chamber (38) to the air chamber (4) to form therein a pressure which is necessary for the promotion of the Good from the air chamber (4) is required, is connected, with an open bottom in the upper part of the settling chamber (2) Hollow element (14) is attached, which limits the level of material within the settling chamber (2) with its lower edge and at its Wall has at least one diaphragm (15) which, by means of a pull rod (16), is connected to a diaphragm built into the upper part of the settling chamber (2) Valve (18) is connected, which controls the inlet of the atmospheric air into the settling chamber (2) as soon as this with the Is filled well above the lower edge of the hollow element (14). 509882/0316 2, suction and compressed air conveyor system according to claim 1, characterized in that the jet apparatus (6) is built into the housing of the air chamber (4), while its suction chamber (37) is connected to the upper part of the settling chamber (2) by means of a pipe (24). 3. suction and compressed air conveyor system according to claim 1, characterized in that the jet apparatus (6) is located between the settling chamber (2) and the air chamber (4) is located by its pressure chamber (38) with the air chamber (4) and its suction chamber through the pipes (30, 24) (37) are connected to the settling chamber (2). 4. suction and compressed air conveyor system according to claim 1, characterized in that the blasting device (6) is mounted in the upper part of the settling chamber (2), while its pressure chamber (38) is connected to the air chamber (4) by a pipe (30) 5. suction and compressed air conveyor system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the suction chamber (37) of the blasting device (6) with the settling chamber (2) connecting pipe (24) a check valve (25) is provided. 6. suction and compressed air conveyor system according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that a cyclone (23) is introduced within its hollow element (14), the cavity of which is connected to the suction chamber (37) of the jet device (6). 509882/0316 Blank page