DE2515393A1 - GLAZED IMPERMEABLE UNIT AND METHOD OF GLAZING - Google Patents

Description

Glazed impenetrable assembly and method of glazing

The present invention relates to glazed, weatherproof, impenetrable structural units, the windows and opaque panes such as cladding glass (in English "spandrel glass") or metal or plastic plates, depending on the type of material used Allow entry of light and / or oppose the passage of moisture, air and gases and selectively Resistance to the passage of some forms of radiant energy and the like. There are also methods of deploying such Panes in outer walls, but only from the inside, includes.

809843/0681

ORIGINAL

The most common methods of glazing openings in external walls in low, medium and high buildings include the insertion of the impenetrable panes, ζ. Β. Glass, plastic, glass-like plates (in English "glazing plates"), etc. from the outside into the preformed opening. This requires expensive scaffolding, especially in the case of high-rise buildings. Even if the glazing by fitting the panes from the inside, to ensure weather resistance, it was previously necessary from the outside a cap bead (in English "final cap bead"), which also requires scaffolding for high-rise buildings. Such beads are beyond the weather and Exposed to temperature changes that accelerate their decay.

The present invention provides improved weatherproof assemblies in which the pane comprises glass, plastic, metal, etc. without the need for an externally applied seal. The present invention also provides a method of glazing in which such building units are made exclusively from the inside of the wall. In the method a Stabwulst (in English _/; toe bead ") is used as a sealant, which is not exposed to the weather In addition, a one-piece pressure seal at the inner stop eliminates the need for a extending around the entire periphery of the washer (in English." full perimeter shim "), as required in some glazing processes. Panels or plates that do not let light through can also be glazed.

The data given below show that the weather resistance of the structural units according to the invention corresponds to the NAAMM standard for water penetration under a load of about 150 kg / cm ² (corresponding to 30 US pounds / US foot ² ). Further advantages emerge from the following description, which is carried out with reference to the drawing.

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Figures 1 and 2 perspective views of a weatherproof Assembly according to the present invention, FIG. 1 including an exploded view and Figure 2 indicates the structure in which the unit is inserted,

Figures 3 to 6 are fragmentary perspective views of an end piece showing the steps in the glazing of a Illustrate opening in a wall from the inside according to the present invention,

FIG. 7 shows a cross section through a sealing unit for which a layered glass (or an insulating glass or a glass plastic laminate etc.) is used, a translucent part and a groove (spline) or pressure seal as part of the inner stop,

Figure 8 shows a modification of a sealing unit of that shown in Figure 7 including an internal sealing bead, and

FIG. 9 shows a cross section of a sealing unit in which a transparent plastic part and a groove or Pressure seal is used as part of the inner stop.

Darch the present invention is a glazed, weatherproof, Impenetrable structural unit created for a wall opening, comprising the following parts,

(i) an outer stop so that the marginal edges engage around an opening on an outer wall, the stop being a Has an L-shaped cross section, of which the vertical leg extends into the opening and the horizontal leg extends from the Wall extends towards the inside,

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(ii) a continuous strip of elastic adhesive tape attached to the inside of the vertical leg of the outer stop attached adjacent the inner periphery of the outer stop, the inwardly facing surface of the tape is provided for receiving the impenetrable disc, (iii) a rod bead of silicone rubber composition to around the outer periphery of the strip of elastic or flexible adhesive tape, the bead being the edge of the adhesive tape and bridges the inner surface of the vertical leg of the outer stop,

(iv) an impenetrable disc in fully weatherproof engagement around its outer edge with the inner surface of the elastic adhesive hand and the bar bead made of the silicone composition and

(v) an inner stop, the outer stop and the impenetrable Washer rims, the inner stop being attached to the outer stop and a resilient surface has, which is pressed against the impenetrable disc in order to displace the disc from the opening inward impede.

The structural units of the present invention allow the "wet" seal to act as a bead closer to the weather is arranged and thus create greater watertightness; than this is possible with a heel bead is. The rod bead eliminates «any possibility of water entering the glazing channel and basin in front of the impenetrable one Disc. The elastic adhesive tapes and silicone rubber beads used in the present invention are not temperature sensitive and there is no need to delay assembly to wait for the materials become fluid and elastic enough for vitrification. It also can assemble without fear of it

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Breakage occurs, as may be the case with sealants, which harden when the temperature drops, such as acrylic and vinyl acrylic compounds or polysulfides and the like.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, a structural unit for insertion into an outer wall 2 is shown, this wall having an outer surface k and an inner surface 6. The outer stop 8 has essentially the shape of a large L in cross section, the vertical leg 10 of the stop extending into the opening and the horizontal leg extending from the wall towards the inside. The elastic adhesive tape Ik has the shape of a compressed continuous strip which is attached to the inner surface of the vertical leg 10. The bead 16 made of silicone rubber is arranged on the outer periphery of the elastic adhesive tape Ik and bridges the tape and the vertical leg 10 of the outer stop Engage with the tape strip Ik and the bead 16. The inner stop 20 is attached to the horizontal leg 12 of the outer stop 8 by engaging snap-in grooves or by screws (not shown), and this inner stop has an integral therewith formed, adapted elastic surface comprising, for example, a pressure seal 22 which presses against the impermeable disc 18 and holds it in the desired position, for example during and after hardening. The adhesive tape 14 and the seal 16 are pressed together with spacers or clamping pieces about 25 to 75 % and preferably 25 to 50 % of the thickness of the adhesive tape, as required.

The following description of the glazing process of the present invention The invention can best be understood with reference to Figures 3 through 5 which illustrate the staged onset an impenetrable sheet of glass or a

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similar material in an outer stop that has an opening framed, represent. The outer stop 8 and the washer 18 should be examined beforehand to determine that they are the have the usual engineering requirements for correct and even spacing between surfaces and edges. The preformed opening should be square and perpendicular. It is desirable to have any miter and butt joints joints *) must be sealed with a silicone rubber sealant before starting to insert them. All deduction (in English "weeps") or water holes should be found and noted to avoid clogging or unintentional sealing during the To prevent glazing.

All glass, metal, and plastic surfaces to which the tape or sealant is to be applied should be cleaned _; namely with methyl ethyl ketone for glass and metal surfaces and isopropyl alcohol or naphtha or gasoline or petroleum for plastic surfaces.

The continuous strip l4 made of elastic adhesive tape is formed, by putting an adhesive tape from a roll against the horizontal head and sill parts of the outer stop 8 applies. The adhesive tape and the elastic film cover should not be cut into strips beforehand 15 of the tape should not be peeled off before application, as this will cause the tape to stretch can. The tape should be level in line of sight. Then the tape is attached to the vertical sections of the stop 8, with the ends of the tape butting against the head and foot portions of the tape. The removable film is then peeled off to reveal a clean surface for receiving the impenetrable disc. The corners of the tape should not overlap as this can create voids. Although the corners can be "rotated" by making a through Strips of tape around the opening, it is preferred not to do so as the tape will

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glasens can be moved. It is preferred to seal any butt joints of the adhesive tape with a silicone rubber sealant. The width of the adhesive tape should be such that there is a distance of about 6.4 mm between the adhesive tape and the edge of the pane for the arrangement of the bead 16 '. According to conventional methods, setting blocks are placed on the stick of the outer stop 8 at the quarter points of each corner or as desired. Spacers or spacers (not shown) should be used to compress the tape and sealant to 25 to 75%, and preferably 25 to 50 %, of the thickness of the tape. The entire bead of silicone rubber composition is then applied around the circumference of the adhesive tape 14, the composition bridging the edge of the adhesive tape and the inner surface of the outer stop 8 (see FIG. 4).

The impenetrable disc 18 is placed on top of the setting blocks (which are usually not used when using plastic) and the edges are aligned and the disk is pressed firmly against the adhesive tape strip 14 and the bead 16. The excess bead of the sealant is smoothed and pressed together so that there is continuous contact between the parts and sealing cavities (see FIG. 5) avoids.

To complete the insertion, the inner stop 20 is inserted into the Latching grooves on the horizontal leg 12 of the outer stop 8 engaged. The pressure seal 22 that is in the stop 20 is inserted, presses against the impenetrable disc 18 and prevents its lateral change in position and thus holds the disc in its position (see FIG. 6).

The vitrification method of the present invention is useful for glass, including laminated glass with a synthetic resin interlayer such as polyvinyl butyral. Figure 7 shows a unit,

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which is suitable for a laminated glass pane 18, the structural unit an outer stop 8, an adhesive tape strip 14, a Rod bead 16, an inner stop 20 and a pressure seal comprises. Figure 8 shows another assembly that is suitable for a layered glass pane 18, this structural unit having an outer stop 8, an adhesive tape strip 14, the bead 16, the inner stop 20 and the pressure seal 22 comprises. The embodiment of Figure 8 also includes an optional inner bead 24, preferably made of a silicone sealant composition is made. Preferred transparent panes are laminates made of glass with a Interlayer made of an aromatic polycarbonate resin, e.g. B. Lexguard, a product of General Electric Company, Pittsfield Massachusetts.

The glazing method according to the present invention is also useful for all glazing with plastic, such as Acrylic resin sheets, styrene sheets, aromatic polycarbonate resin sheets and the like. Figure 9 shows a unit, which is suitable for a plastic disk 18, the structural unit having an outer stop 8, an adhesive tape strip 14, which after pressing together about 1.5 mm (corresponding to 1/16 inch) should be thick, the bead 16, the inner stop 2D and the pressure seal 22 includes. There can also be metal disks as well other impermeable panes used for glazing purposes can be used according to the method according to the invention.

The structural units according to the invention are superior to the known systems since there are no solvents or other volatile constituents are present therein which attack the sealants used to seal the insulating panes or affect the resinous interlayers in layered glass or stress cracks in panes made of acrylic or polycarbonate panes can cause. If water should happen to be able to enter a glazing channel, this will

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Water does not cause the assembly to break down or fail, because the critical seals are made of silicone rubber.

The adhesive tapes used in the present invention can be manufactured by known methods.

Typical properties of a useful adhesive tape are as follows:

characteristic

Density g / cm (equivalent to US pounds / US feet ^)

Hardness (Shore 00)

Pressure for 30 ϊ compression kg / enip (according to US pounds / inch)

Pressure for a 30 JS curve kg / cm ² (equivalent to US pounds / inch ² )

value (10) Test procedure O, 16O2 ASTM D-1667 32 (4.9) ASTM D-2240 0.34 (2.6) ASTM D-1667 0.18 ASTM D-1667

Permanent deformation (in Jt loss of original height)

90 ° peel adhesion g / m (corresponding to ounces / m) width

max. water absorption in vol.

Recommended application temperature ^{in 0 C}

Use temperature in ⁰ C weather resistance (24)

2
1-52

-21 to +71
excellent

PSTC 1-A

(2000 hours in the Atlas XW-WR carbon sheet) 102 min, 45 cm from the water, 47.5 cm from the arch

Shelf life

year

max. storage temperature about 27 (corresponding to 80 F)

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The abbreviation "ASTM" used in the above compilation refers to the specified test of the American Society of Testing Materials.

The designation ¹¹ PSTC "is a test procedure of the Pressure Sensitive Tape Council,

The adhesive tapes can be made by pouring a suitable weather- and water-resistant flexible foam made of rubber or plastic to a thickness of about 6.4 or about 9 * 5 mm (corresponding to 1/4 or 3/8 inch) on a non-adhesive paper liner such as plasticized polyvinyl chloride foam with a density of about 0.08 to 0.32 g / cm x ⁵ (corresponding to 5-20 US-Pf and / ÜS-Puss "^). A weather and water-resistant adhesive is then poured onto the foam base which comprises a solution of a natural or artificial chewing or resinous resin such as an acrylic resin or silicone resin or similar resins in a solvent. Evaporation of the solvent under usual conditions leads to the deposition of an adhesive layer on the foam base with a thickness of about 0.025 to 0.075 mm (1 - 3/1000 inch equivalent.) The adhesive-coated foam / paper composite is then rolled and cut into strips, e.g., about 6.4 or 9.5 mm wide ride to create a tape for convenient rolls for storage and use. Other methods of making suitable tapes can also be used.

A suitable silicone adhesive tape can be prepared as follows: the pressure-sensitive adhesive is prepared according to the in U.S. Patent No. 2,857,356 described methods by starting at l40 ° C for one to two hours, a 65% -i-ge xylene Solution of a methylpolysiloxane resin with 1.12 silicon-bonded methyl groups and equal parts of hydroxyl and isopropoxy groups and a viscosity of about 12 centipoise (as a solution containing 60 solids in xylene) with a silanol-terminated methylphenylpolysiloxane rubber having a viscosity of about 12 million centipoise and a mole ratio of dimethylslloxy groups

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- li -

condensed from 95 to 5. The relative amount of resin to rubber is about 1 to 1. The solids content is then adjusted to about 60% pesticides in xylene and about 1% by weight, based on the pesticides, of a benzoyl peroxide catalyst is added. The solution is poured onto one of the two major surfaces of a plasticized polyvinyl chloride foam tape, the foam having a density of about 0.16 g / cm and the tape about 6.1 mm thick and about 9.5 mm wide and the coated strip which is supported by a non-adhesive paper, heated 10 minutes to about I ¹ IO ⁰ C to evaporate the solvent, and to 175 ° to promote then for 2 minutes in a forced air oven to cure . Such a coating is pressure sensitive and about 0.025 mm thick. The composite is rolled and rolled in tape rolls of suitable width, e.g. B. cut about 6.4 to 9 * 5 mm width.

The silicone rubber sealants used in the present invention can be prepared by known methods. Typical properties of a useful sealant after curing for 21 days at 23 ° C (corresponding to 73 ° P) and 50 % relative humidity are as follows:

Features
Hardness (Shore A)

value

22nd

Tensile strength in kg / cm _? (equivalent to US pounds / inch) 12.25 (175)

Peel Strength in kg / cm (equivalent to US pounds / inch)

Tear strength in kg / cm (equivalent to US pounds / inch)

Dynamic mobility in %

89.5 (50)

(25)

+50

Test method ASTM D-2240

ASTM D-412 TT-S-OOI543 *

TT-s-00230

CGSB I9-GP-9 ** ASTM D-624

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properties

ρ
50 % module in kg / cm _?

(equivalent to US pounds / inches)

Resistance to UV
and ozone

Value 3.15

excellent

Test procedure

about 12x12 ram bead (1/2 χ 1/2 inch) expansion at ~ -12 mm / min.

2000 hrs. Twin arcs and xenon ventilation measuring device

Coloring (H) not zero TT-S-0015 ^ 3 Tack free time 5-10 TT-S-OOlS ¹ IS Processing time (min) 30th Sag TT-S-OOlS ¹ I 3

* f-TT-S National Bureau of Standards Test

Canadian Government Specifications Board Test

A suitable sealant can be applied from tubes and is obtained as follows:

First, a basic mixture is prepared from the following components in parts by weight under anhydrous conditions.

Parts by weight

Polydimethylsiloxane containing silanol end groups

having a viscosity of 25,000 centipoise 100

Treated with dimethyldisiloxane, from the gas path

fumed silica filler

with a surface area of about 200 m / g 10

Calcium carbonate filler treated with stearic acid

Methoxy-terminated dimethyldisoloxane / diphenyldisiloxane copolymer with 30 mol # diphenyldisiloxane and a viscosity of 50 poise

Trimethylsilyl-terminated dimethyldisiloxane having a viscosity of 20 centipoise.

125

5 20

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Then a catalyst mixture is made from the following ingredients in weight? prepared:

Parts by weight

Methyltrimethoxysilane as crosslinker 0.5

1,3-dioxypropanetitanium bis-ethyl acetate acetate

as a catalyst 1.8

1,3j5-tris-trimethoxysilyl-propyl isocyanurate

as a liability promoter 0.75.

One hundred parts of the basic mixture were mixed with 3.05 parts of the catalyst mixture in the absence of air and atmospheric moisture and packed in sealed parts for application. Other such compositions are described in the ÜS-PS 3,294,739 and 3,334,067 as well as the DT-OS 2 3 ¹ Jl 218th

The tightness of a glazed structural unit, which according to the invention Procedure established against the ingress of water, was determined with the following investigation:

A glazing sealant and 1/4 1/4 inch (1/4 1/4 inch) glazing tape were prepared as described above and placed in a polished aluminum frame, with the glass inserted from the inside. All surfaces to which sealant was to be applied were cleaned with methyl ethyl ketone. The glazing tape was applied to the specified stops so that it was flush with the edges and the corners pressed firmly. An entire bead of silicone glazing sealant was applied to the hard stop against the glazing tape. The glass was inserted, followed by the screwed-on stops and the internal neoprene compression seal which compressed the glazing tape about 60 % .

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The glazed frame was placed in a fixed test chamber
and static water pressure tests prescribed in the NAAM Metal Curtain Wall Manual and ASTM-E 331-70

are. Spraying with water at a speed was

2 2

capacity of 2 liters / dm and hour (equivalent to 5 gallons / US foot

and hour), which corresponds to an amount of rain of 20 cm / hour. The glazed unit was subjected to the static water pressures indicated below, each pressure for 15 minutes was maintained for a long time and the following results were measured:

2
Static pressure in kg / cm ₂ ■ * Equivalent wind observation

(corresponding to US -r P fun d / US -foot) speed in

km / h (according to
Miles / hour)

about 50 (10) about 100 (63) no leakage
about 100 (20) about 145 (90) "

about ISO (30) about 175 (HO) no through

seep

- * According to ASTM-E 283-68

The water and weather resistance of the structural unit according to the invention is thus demonstrated.

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Claims (11)

- 15 claims ( 1. Glazed, weatherproof structural unit with pane for an opening in the wall, characterized by the following components: (i) an outer stop for placing the marginal edges around an opening in an outer wall, the stop having the cross-sectional shape of a large L, the vertical leg of which is aligned into the opening and its horizontal leg extends inwards from the outer stop from the wall, (ii) a continuous strip of elastic adhesive tape attached to the inner surface of the vertical leg of the outer Stop is attached adjacent the inner periphery of the outer stop, the inwardly facing surface the adhesive tape is designed to hold an impenetrable disc, (iii) a bead of silicone rubber composition around the outer periphery of the strip of elastic adhesive tape around, with the bead the edge of the tape and the inner surface of the vertical leg of the outer stop bridged, (iv) an impenetrable disc in fully weatherproof engagement around its outwardly facing edge with the inwardly facing surface of the strip made of elastic adhesive tape and the bead made of silicone-rubber composition and (v) an inner stop that fits the outer stop and the impenetrable disc, the inner stop is attached to the outer stop and has a resilient surface that abuts the impenetrable disc is pressed in order to avoid their displacement inwards from the opening and to maintain their position in the opening. 509843/0681 - i6 - 2. Assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that that they also have an inner bead of silicone rubber composition around the inner periphery of the inner stop, this inner bead being the edge of the inner stop and the inner surface of the impenetrable disc bridged. 3. Assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the impenetrable disc is light lets through. 4. Unit according to claim 3, characterized that the translucent pane is made of glass. 5. Unit according to claim 3, characterized that the light-transmitting pane consists of a layered glass with a synthetic resin intermediate layer. 6. Assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that the light-transmitting disc is a Sandwich structure made of outer glass layers with an interposed layer of aromatic polycarbonate resin is. 7. Unit according to claim 3, characterized in that the light-transmitting disc is plastic and that the strip of elastic adhesive tape is at least about 1.5 mm thick after being compressed having. 8. Unit according to claim 7, characterized that the light transmitting sheet comprises an acrylic resin. 509843/0681 9. Assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that the light-transmitting disc is a aromatic polycarbonate resin. 10. Procedure for the weathertight insertion of an impenetrable Disc into an opening of an outer wall from the inside, characterized by the following stages: (i) Introducing into the opening a continuous outer stop with an L-shaped shape in cross section, wherein the vertical leg of the outer stop extends into the opening and the horizontal leg of the outer stop extending from the wall towards the inside, (ii) assembling the outer stop with a continuous one Bar made of elastic adhesive tape with an inward-facing surface to accommodate the impenetrable Disc by placing an elastic tape on the inner surface of the vertical leg of the outer stop adjacent attached to the inner periphery of the outer stop, the inward facing surface of the tape has a peelable protective film arranged on it and the protective film is then removed, (iii) Applying a bead of a curable silicone rubber composition around the outer periphery of the groin made of elastic adhesive tape, the bead being the edge of the adhesive tape / the inner surface of the vertical leg of the outer stop bridged, (iv) inserting the impenetrable disc from the inside into the opening and pushing the impenetrable Disk in completely weatherproof engagement around its outer edge with the inwardly directed pressure-sensitive surface the strip made of elastic adhesive tape and the bead made of the silicone-rubber composition and (v) joining the outer stop and the impenetrable Disc with an inner stop, the inner 509843/0681 Stop is attached to the outer stop and has a resilient surface against the impenetrable Is pressed in order to avoid its displacement inwards out of the opening and to keep it in place in the To hold the opening. 11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that an inner bead made of silicone rubber composition is applied around the inner periphery of the inner stop, this bead being the The edge of the inner stop and the inner surface of the impermeable disc are bridged. 509843/0681 Blank page