DE2510524A1 - Impact wrench with rotary axially movable hammer - has preliminary interaction parts on hammer and anvil - Google Patents

Abstract

An impact wrench that may be used in various industries for tightening threaded fasteners. In the impact wrench, a hammer and an anvil are coaxially mounted in a space relationship and axially movable with respect to each other. The impact wrench is provided with a device for effecting the relative axial movement of the hammer and anvil for engagement of their impact jaws, and a device for interaction of the hammer and anvil prior to the engagement of their impact jaws. In the impact wrench, the hammer and anvil jaws are engaged over the entire height, whereby the wear of the jaws is considerably reduced, the energy of a single blow is increased, vibration is lowered and torque tightening is ensured.

Description

IMPACT WRENCH The present invention relates to an impact wrench, those in mechanical engineering, automobile construction, shipbuilding, construction and other branches of industry for tightening threaded connections and especially for tightening highly stressed connections Weiden uses thread connections with a predetermined torque.

The number of threaded connections used in different industries are assembled, grows continuously in every year, making higher and higher Demands are made on the impact screwdriver for tightening threaded connections to serve.

An impact wrench that is used to tighten highly stressed and high-strength threaded connections is used, soli a high specific performance / Ratio of the power or impact energy to the weight of the screwdriver / have, the good repeatability of the results when tightening during assembly guaranteed by threaded connections of one size, as well as operationally reliable and also be vibration-proof.

Analysis of the prior art shows that, up to now keln impact wrench was created which meets all of the above-mentioned requirements is equivalent to.

Impact wrenches with a centrifugal hammer mechanism are known which it allow a hammer to a certain speed before running each To accelerate the stroke. At high speed of rotation of the hammer before the impact however, its impact energy increases significantly, which means that if the engagement is imperfect Between the claws of the hammer and the anvil, these claws wear out quickly.

In addition, such impact wrenches wear the jaws Loosening of the engagement between hammer and anvil may-nach, which also increased vibration the body by repeatedly striking the claws of the hammer and anvil has the consequence.

An impact wrench is known that includes a hammer, which connected to the output shaft of the drive and into an axial bore of the spindle is used, which is rigidly connected to the anvil, the latter having a claw possesses, while the hammer has a cushioned flyweight, which with the claw of the anvil cooperates when the hammer reaches a certain rotational speed / s. U.S. Patent No. 2786376, Cl. 173-93.5 /.

It is a disadvantage of such a built impact wrench that the movement of the flesh weight used to engage the claw of the anvil slowly in comparison to the high speed of rotation of the hammer with respect to the immovable The anvil is because the weight overcomes the resistance of the friction and the spring. Therefore, if there is an imperfect engagement between the weight and the claw, the blow may occur of the anvil and cause rapid wear of these parts. Through this the impact energy is limited to a significant extent.

in addition, as a result of the unstable operation of the striking mechanism, caused by the variable size of the engagement of the striking jaws the impact energy in a wide range, so that the tightening of the threaded connections with a predetermined torque is impossible.

An impact wrench is known which has a drive shaft Claw hammer mounted to advance in the axial direction can, an anvil with claws, a spring inserted between the hammer and anvil and Contains centrifugal weights in the form of balls, which are located between the drive shaft and a conical surface of the hammer / s. USSR author scams No. 139256, class B25b 21/02 /. With this impact wrench, the balls advance the hammer in the direction of of the anvil when the hammer reaches a certain rotational speed to engage between the claws of the hammer and the claws of the anvil. When passing away the hammer becomes a feather pressed together dle after the procedure loosens between hammer and anvil.

It is also a disadvantage of this impact wrench that its Construction an imperfect engagement between the non-claws of the hammer and the anvil / prevents the hammer from moving in the direction of the anvil / due to the resistance of the spring / compared to the speed of rotation of the Hammer is slow, which results in rapid wear of the claws.

Attempts have been made to reduce wear and tear on the claws of the hammer and anvil upon disengaging the hammer and anvil after executing to lessen the blow.

A known impact wrench, which has a drive shaft, an axially movable hammer with claws, an anvil with claws, flyweights, which are designed in the form of levers, which are worn on the drive shaft of the hammer in the direction of the anvil when reaching a certain rotational speed are fixed by the hammer, and a device for releasing the engagement between Includes hammer and anvil / s. England Patent No. 531797, Cl. B3N /.

This impact wrench does not have a spring, but a device for Release the engagement between the hammer and anvil, which are in the form of V-shaped grooves on the drive shaft, V-shaped Vertlefungen in the axial bore of the firing pin and balls, which are located in the V-shaped grooves and recesses. Since there is no spring, the Intervention between the hammer and anvil, because the resistance when falling is not is great. Repeatedly striking the claws of the hammer and Avoided anvil.

However, an impact wrench built in this way also includes the possibility does not rule out a blow if the engagement between the claws of the hammer is imperfect and anvil is transferred, since their relative position before the blow is indefinite and The speed of movement of the hammer in the direction of the anvil is low, what results in rapid wear of these parts and limits the impact energy.

Impact wrenches with centrifugal impact mechanisms are also known, in which the claws of the hammer are designed in the form of centrifugal pawls, which are hinged to axles in the hammer in order to reach with the claws of the anvil to alternate at a certain speed of rotation through the hammer / s. USA Patent No. 2520920, Cl. 173-93.5 /.

It is a disadvantage of an impact wrench constructed in this way that it cannot the possibility of a blow in the event of imperfect engagement between transferred to the claws of the hammer and anvil. Also is the articulated connection the claws of the hammer with the hammer, especially taking into account the high dynamic loads during impact transmission are very unreliable.

All impact wrenches described above with centrifugal impact mechanisms do not allow tightening of threaded connection gen with elnem To bring about a predetermined torque, since the energy of each individual stroke is unstable, and besides, the body is subject to increased vibration due to the high impact frequency exposed.

An impact wrench is known to use a hammer with claws, An axially displaceable anvil with claws, which is placed on a spindle and is cushioned in the direction of the hammer, and contains a locking device that for creates a gap between the claws of the hammer and anvil / @ s. USA patent no. 3804180, class 173-15 /.

In this impact wrench, the locking device has elements, dle oriented in relation to the claws of the hammer and anvil, making it more perfect Intervention of the same after unblocking the locking device belm a certain Rotational speed reached by the hammer is guaranteed. Bel Such a construction completely prevents a blow in the event of an imperfect Engagement between the claws of the hammer and anvil wlrd transferred, making significant the wear is reduced. It becomes stable energy of every single beat ensured, so that the tightening of the threaded connections with a predetermined Torque can be achieved. Vlbratlon of the body is completely avoided.

However, when using such an impact wrench, the workforce should press on his body before each stroke to unlock the locking device, i.e. the impact wrench can not in the automatic working cycle to perform a series of strokes work. In addition, the worker has to take care of it make sure that the hammer has reached a certain speed.

The invention is based on the object of an impact wrench constructed in this way to create the getting a high energy level during every single blow the use in the automatic work cycle with minimal wear of the hammer parts guaranteed and which makes it possible to tighten threaded connections with bring about a predetermined torque.

Depending on the task at hand, the impact wrench in whose body the following parts and assemblies are used: hammer and anvil, the coaxial and movable to each other in the axial direction with a gap between them are arranged; Drive whose output shaft is connected to the hammer mentioned is, which has claws, which in the aforementioned relative displacement with the Engaging the claws of the anvil to transmit torque thereto; Spindle with device for the BbSestlgung a socket wrench, this spindle is connected to the anvil to be rotated together with it; contraption for the aforementioned relative axial displacement of the hammer and the anvil in order to engage to make between their claws; Device for releasing the engagement between the claws of the hammer and the anvil, according to the invention a device for manufacturing previous interaction provided between hammer and anvil, dle comes into action before their claws engage, and dle two, relatively Contains mutually movable parts in the axial direction, of which the first part in Hammer and the second part in the anvil is provided, and here both parts Contain elements that touch each other due to the relative displacement of the parts, whereby prior interaction between hammer and anvil is established, the elements of the first and second parts being at the same angle with respect to each other are arranged on the claws of the hammer or the anvil, and thereby after the previous interaction between hammer and anvil, their claws in Intervention come while they are appropriately oriented towards each other.

As a device for establishing prior interaction between Hammer and anvil before engaging between your claws allows the hammer with respect to the anvil so that the engagement between its claws is open the entire height of which occurs, which significantly reduces the wear and tear on the claws, The impact energy of each individual blow increases, tightening with one achieved predetermined torque and the vibration of the impact wrench body can be reduced.

When the hammer consists of one driven and one driving part is composed of which the driven Part so arranged is that it rotates together with the driving part and axially onto the anvil can move, so contains the impact wrench according to the invention, the first part of the device for establishing prior interaction between hammer and Anvil the driven part of the hammer which is the output shaft of the drive comprises, with the free end of the shaft inserted into eXne axial bore of the anvil is.

The invention is characterized in that in the first part of Device for establishing prior interaction between hammer and anvil the driven part of the hammer is cushioned with respect to its driving part is and has longitudinal grooves with a rectangular cross-section, used in the flyweights are, which are in the form of flat elongated elements of rectangular cross-section are executed, and in these grooves by radially directed to the output shaft projections of the driven part of the hammer are held and at their ends, dle far from the anvil, have an inclined surface which interacts with on one inclined surface of the driving part of the hammer, while on the other, the anvil facing ends are claws of the hammer on which projections are designed with an inclined surface, but the second part of the device for Establish prior interaction between hammer and anvil in the form of a Claw surface is executed, which is located on the inside of the claws of the anvil is located wobel the mentioned claw surface and the inclined surface of the projection of the claws of the Hammers are the elements that dle each other when sliding the first part of the device to establish prior interaction between the staple and anvil on theirs touching the second part, with one related to the drive shaft of the drive on the anvil spring-loaded socket with a flange is placed in cutouts engages which in the sides of the flyweights facing the output shaft of the drive are executed, whereby simultaneous engagement between the claws of the hammer and the claws of the anvil is guaranteed.

Such a design makes it possible to use a simply constructed impact wrench with a high ratio of its impact energy to its weight and high stability to get the impact energy.

The invention is characterized in that the driving part of the hammer on the side facing the anvil has longitudinal projections which engage in Lang.snuten of the driven part of the hammer, on these projections Impact surfaces of the driving part of the hammer are executed. This can the construction of the impact wrench is simplified and its external dimensions can be reduced will.

Furthermore, the invention is characterized in that between the driving part of the hammer and the first part of the device for manufacturing previous interaction a work between hammer and anvil is arranged which the first part of the device for manufacturing preceding Interaction between hammer and anvil in the axial direction on their second part to postpones.

Furthermore, the invention is characterized in that in the first Part of the device for adjusting prior interaction between hammers and anvil, the driven part of the hammer is cushioned with respect to the driving part and is provided with a bushing so inserted in the driven part because. latter shot together with him; and can be moved axially relative to it, wherein on the bushing claws of the hammer are carried out and they are axially displaced is prevented by spring-loaded locking bolts, which are driven in radial openings of the Part of the hammer are used, as well as has plungers that are in radial openings are housed, which run in the socket opposite the locking bolt are, while the second part of the device for establishing previous interaction between the hammer and anvil a tubular structure encompassing the output shaft of the drive Contains element with frontal projections between the claws of the anvil and the hammer are arranged, wobel the work, which the first part of the device moves to establish the previous interaction between hammer and anvil, Contains cylindrical rods parallel to the output shaft in longitudinal grooves of the driven Part of the hammer are used and on conical surfaces on gene, those in the facing end faces of the driving part and the socket are executed, with end-face projections of the tubular element and plunger the bushing dle elements that interlock when moving the first part of the device for establishing prior interaction between hammer and Anvil come into contact with their second part.

Such a design enables a more powerful, simple built impact wrench, the highly stable impact energy and low Diameter.

Furthermore, the invention is characterized in that between the socket and the anvil the aforementioned device for releasing the engagement between the claws of the anvil and the hammer is arranged in the standard elner return spring is carried out, which comprises the tubular element and at one end the anvil and the other end rests in a recess in the anvil facing end face of the socket is carried out.

The invention is further characterized in that in the first part of the device for establishing prior interaction between hammer and Anvil the driven part of the hammer with radial bores and spring-loaded balls, which are located in these radial bores and in elne annular groove of the driving Part of the hammer protrude which is carried out opposite the radial bores; is, and is provided with spring-loaded locking bolts that in other radial bores are housed, which in the driven part of the hammer are executed, and that the second part of the device for the production of the preceding Interaction between hammer and anvil has an annular shape located on the lower part Has projection which includes the output shaft of the drive and frontal Has claws that are between the claws of the anvil and the spring loaded locking bolt of the driven part of the hammer are arranged, with dZs spring-loaded locking bolts and the end-face claws are the elements that interfere with each other of the first part of the device for establishing prior interaction between Hammer and anvil on their second part to touch while the work which the first part of the device for establishing prior interaction between Hammer and anvil to move to their second part, containing cylindrical rods, dle with one end on the driving part of the hammer and with the other end rest on an inclined surface, which is carried out on the driven part of the hammer is.

Such a design makes it possible to structure the impact wrench while retaining its main advantages while carrying out assembly work to simplify in series production.

The invention is also characterized in that in the first part of the device for establishing prior interaction between hammer and Anvil the driven part of the hammer has an axial bore, into which a tubular element that is clouded in the axial direction is inserted, which comprises the output shaft of the drive, and that between this tubular element and the driven part of the hammer is the axial displacement device of the driven part of the hammer is towards the anvil to engage between Manufacture their claws, the device having V-shaped grooves on the outer surface of the tubular part are made V-shaped depressions on the inner surface of the driven part of the hammer are carried out, and contains balls, which are located in the V-shaped grooves and depressions, with the tips of the V-shaped Grooves and recesses with respect to the claws of the hammer at the same angle like the elements of the first part of the device for manufacturing preceding Interaction between hammer and anvil arranged slud.

Such a design enables forced insertion of the hammer engages the anvil along a predetermined track, increasing the life of the impact wrench and the stability of the impact screw increased can.

Furthermore, the invention is characterized in that the driven Part of the hammer is equipped with spring-loaded locking bolts, which are tubular Element at the engagement with the second part of the device for manufacturing precede prevent the hammer and anvil from interacting with the tubular element on the face facing the anvil frontal projections has and has a conical surface on the other face itself, and that the second Part of the device for establishing prior interaction between hammers and anvil has an annular projection located on the anvil which the output shaft includes and frontal claws that between the claws of the anvil and the Locking bolts are arranged during the work, which is the first part of the device moves to establish the previous interaction between hammer and anvil, Contains balls that are between the driving part of the hammer and the conical surface of the tubular element are arranged, the frontal projections of the tubular element and the locking bolt as well as the end-face claws of the annular projection are elements which each other when moving the first part of the device for producing prior interaction between Hammer and anvil to touch your second part.

The invention is characterized in that the second part of Device for establishing prior interaction between hammer and anvil is designed in the form of a longitudinally displaceable bush with frontal claws, which is inserted into an axial bore of the anvil, permanently for the purpose of their common Rotation is pressed elastically in the direction of the hammer, and radial bores as well has spring-loaded locking bolts that are inserted into these radial holes, and that the tubular element has frontal projections in order to be in contact with to get the front claws of the socket, with the claws of the hammer on the inside have a beveled section to hold the locking bolt to interact while the work, which is the first part of the device moves to establish the previous interaction between hammer and anvil, Contains balls between the driving and the driven part of the hammer arranged; are.

According to the invention is between the driven part of the hammer and the anvil the aforementioned device for releasing the grip between the claws of the Hammer and anvil arranged and designed in the form of a return spring, which includes the output shaft of the drive lever.

According to the invention, the hammer is composed of a driving and a driven one Assembled part, of which the driven part is arranged so that it rotate together with the driving part and move onto the anvil can, and the driving part of the hammer is designed in the form of a hollow cylinder, which includes the anvil, sits with its ends in bearings which are fixed in the body and has a radial bore into which a spring-loaded locking bolt is inserted is, which holds the hit part of the hammer, wobbles in this part against Above the locking bolt elne radial bore with arranged in it th plunger executed is, which is partially out of the hole under the pressure of the aforementioned plague bolt protrudes, and an axial bore is provided in which the first part of the contraption to establish prior interaction between Hammer and anvil is housed, this part consisting of an axially movable Rod with flange at one end and with a longitudinal groove in the plane through the claws of the hammer goes through, at the other end of the stick, which faces the anvil is, and a lever is inserted along the rod in its longitudinal groove and is articulated in its center, while one arm of this lever extends the the radial bore of the driven part of the hammer protruding plunger such touches that his other arm protrudes from the longitudinal groove of the rod and this arm a protrusion with a beveled portion on the side facing the anvil and that the second part of the device for establishing previous interaction arranged between the hammer and anvil on the inside of one of the claws of the anvil and is designed in the form of a convex section that has bevels, wherein the bevels of the projection of the lever or of the convex portion the claws of the anvil are the elements which to touch the first part of the device on its second part, but the work, which is the first part of the device for establishing previous interaction between hammer and anvil to move to their second part, pivoting flyweights which are housed in the driving part of the hammer and at its Rotation interacts with a flange of the rod, and the device to the axial Moving the driven part of the hammer to To bring the claws into engagement, is designed in the form of a spring, which is between the flange of the rod and the driven part of the hammer is arranged while the device for releasing the engagement of the claws between the flange and the arranged driving part of the hammer and executed in rorm elner return spring is.

Such a design enables a highly effective impact wrench to create, in which the hammer with the least amount of energy with the anvil in Is brought into engagement, whereby the efficiency of the impact wrench is increased.

In the case of an impact wrench, where the drive contains an electric motor, whose rotor includes the stator, which sits on an immovable axis that is centered in axial bores of the anvil, while the hammer is off the driving force Part which is rigidly connected to the rotor, and in relation to the axial direction is composed of the mentioned part driven part, contains according to the invention the first part of the device for establishing the preceding interaction Hammer and anvil one axially movable socket, which is between the immovable Axis and the driven part are located and have radial holes with one in each ball used by them and a flange with a conical surface, which the Electric motor is facing, while the second part of the device for manufacturing previous interaction between hammer and anvil an in A tubular element fastened to an axial bore of the anvil with an end face Contains projections, the frontal projections and the balls being the elements are which one after the other by sliding the first part of the device for manufacturing previous interaction between hammer and anvil on their second and driven Touching part, as well as the driven part of the hammer with selnem driving Part is connected by spring-loaded locking bolts that are inserted into the radial bores of the the driving part opposite the radial bores of the bushing and interact with the balls via tappets, which bores in radial of the driven part of the hammer are inserted, while between the driving Part of the hammer and the conical surface of the socket the work is provided which the first part of the device for establishing prior interaction between Hammer and anvil on their second part too disguised and contains flyweights, and the device for axially displacing the driven part of the hammer, to bring the claws into engagement, is in the form of a spring which is between the flange of the bushing and the driven part of the hammer is arranged while the device for releasing the engagement between the claws of the hammer and the Anvil is designed in the form of a return spring between the flange of the Bushing and driving part of the hammer is arranged.

Such a design makes it possible to use an impact wrench with to create very high impact energy when used in the automatic work cycle, which is built relatively simply.

The invention is further characterized in that the impact wrench a switch to turn off the engine before engaging between the claws of the anvil and the hammer contained in a bore of the immovable axis is arranged and in interaction with the inside sloping edge of the socket stands.

In addition, the invention is characterized in that the Lower saddle is placed on a spindle and that it is in the direction of the hammer can be moved axially to bring their claws into engagement during the second part of the device for establishing prior interaction between Hammer and anvil is designed in the form of a spring-loaded socket, which in a Axial bore the spindle is inserted and connected to the anvil to mlt him to be moved together in the direction of the hammer, as well as frontal projections possesses, which are carried out on their surface, which is the first part of the device facing to establish prior interaction between hammer and anvil is, and that this first part is spring-loaded in the direction of the anvil, tubular Contains element, which has frontal projections to with the frontal Projections of the socket when sliding the first part of the device on their second part to in To come into contact, and axially movable in an axial bore of the hammer is used and in it for common rotation wlrd held with the hammer by spring-loaded locking bolts, which the axial displacement of the tubular element in the direction of the anvil before reaching a certain Prevent the hammer from turning speed, wobble between the pin and socket the device for axially displacing the anvil is arranged in the direction of the hammer is to bring their claws into engagement, and this device is V-shaped Grooves on the outer side surface of the socket, V-shaped recesses on the inner surface The spindle and balls contain which fit into the V-shaped grooves and depressions are used.

Such a design makes it possible to use an impact wrench with a more compact Device for establishing prior interaction between hammer and anvil to accomplish.

According to the invention, the locking bolts are in radial bores of the hammer used and in the form of centrifugal weights cushioned in the direction of the rotary axis of the hammer executed, the ends of which engage in recesses of the tubular element, and a bush is freely moveable on an axle, soft in an axial bore the spindle is located and has an annular shoulder on the outside, while the anvil has radially inwardly directed projection, dle with the annular Approach of the socket interact, wobel elongated openings in the spindle are executed through which projections of the Anvil are guided, while the device for releasing the engagement between the claws of the hammer and the anvil is designed in the form of a return spring which is between the axis and the inner ring-shaped approach of the socket.

Appropriately, between the radial projections of the anvil and a damping spring is arranged on the bushing.

According to the invention, the hammer contains a hollow cylinder, the longitudinal the axis of rotation of the hammer and includes the anvil, and an annular member which is rigidly attached in the cylinder and claws on the anvil facing the end face with the ends of the cylinder sitting in bearings which are fixed in the body are.

According to the invention, the annular element has radial bores in which there are locking bolts, and an axial bore into which the tubular Element is inserted, while the bushing has a shaft which is inserted into the axial bore the spindle is inserted and has an annular shoulder on the outer surface, and the anvil, annular projection lying radially to the axis of rotation of the hammer and has longitudinal projections, wherein longitudinal grooves are made in the spindle are, in which the longitudinal projections of the anvil engage, while dle Device for releasing the engagement between the striking jaws of the anvil and the Hammer is designed in the form of a return spring, which is located between the shaft the jack and the spindle is located.

Such a design makes it possible to use an impact wrench with a more compact design to create with increased impact energy.

Appropriately, between the annular extension of the socket and a damping spring disposed on the annular projection of the anvil.

According to the invention, the tubular element has on its outside Long slots, which are oriented with respect to its frontal projections, and cylindrical rods which are inserted into the longitudinal grooves and through to the outside a spring is pressed into a diametrical bore of the tubular element is inserted, and are in contact with the inside of the annular element, wherein the angular length of the frontal projections of the tubular element and the socket as well as the angular length of the claws of the hammer and the anvil so great are chosen that the engagement between the end-face claws of the projections of the longitudinal element and the bushing takes place at an angle, which their Full intervention guaranteed.

According to the invention, the hammer is made in several parts and contains a driving part, which is carried by a standing length of the body and the anvil comprehensive hollow cylinder, the ends of which sit in bearings which are fastened in the body and is formed by an annular element rigidly attached to the anvil The end of the cylinder is attached and has a driven part with claws, which is inserted in the cylinder so that he shifted axially and mlt it can be rotated, and the first part of the device for making preceding Interaction between hammer and anvil contains the driven part of the hammer and a longitudinally displaceable tubular element in the driven part of the Hammer is arranged and frontal projections at the end facing the anvil as well as having a shaft at the other end which is inserted into the bore of the annular element of the hammer is used, as well as a work is provided, which is the first part the device for producing before outgoing interaction between hammer and The anvil moves in the direction of its second part and contains cones, which are are located between the driven part of the hammer and an annular element, wobel the device for the axial displacement of the driven part of the hammer towards the anvil to create interaction between the striking jaws, balls and includes V-shaped grooves and depressions formed in the tubular member, respectively are executed in the driven part of the hammer, wobel the tips of the V-shaped Grooves and recesses, at the same angle with respect to the claws of the hammer as the frontal projection of the tubular element lie while the second Part of the device for establishing prior interaction between hammers and anvil contains an axially displaceable rod with frontal projections, facing the tubular element, the rod in an axial bore the stem inserted, towards of the tubular element cushioned and is connected to the spindle to rotate together with it, while locking bolts, which are inserted in diametrical bores of the rod and the axial displacement of the Prevent rods, plungers, which are in Radlalbohrungen the anvil opposite the locking bolt are used, and chamfers are provided on the inside of the claws of the hammer slnd in order to produce interaction with the plungers, the frontal projections of the tubular element or the rod are the elements which are mutually exclusive when moving the first part of the device for manufacturing the previous one Interaction between hammer and anvil to be based on their second part, and the device for releasing the engagement between the claws of the hammer and the Anvil is designed in the form of a return spring between the shaft of the tubular member and the annular member, the hammer is inserted.

According to the invention, the rod has an elongated opening into which a Pin, which is fixed in the spindle, is inserted.

According to the invention, the driving part of the hammer is with the output shaft connected by a friction clutch.

In this way it was achieved that the impact wrench according to the invention Has high and stable impact energy, is vibration-proof and the tightening of threaded connections with a predetermined torque with automatic work cycle guaranteed. In addition, the structure of the impact wrench is simple and Reliable.

These impact wrenches can be used to tighten threaded connections can be used with a predetermined torque. When tightening highly stressed Threaded connections with a predetermined torque transmits the work force a predetermined number of blows on the threaded connection and switches the impact wrench off. It should be noted that due to the low impact frequency counting the number of strokes is no problem.

An important advantage of the impact wrench according to the invention is the high ratio of impact energy to low weight, which makes it possible is a lightweight impact wrench for tightening highly stressed threaded connections large diameter sheep.

Another, no less important, advantage of the present invention Impact wrench is its vibration resistance and its practically complete lack harmful high-frequency noise, which is characteristic of the well-known impact wrench is.

All the advantages listed above made it possible to have an electric to create double-insulated impact wrenches based on a collector motor, which with a weight of 5 kg and 350 W power consumption delivers 25 J impact energy and ensures that a maximum tightening torque of 700 Nm is obtained. This Impact wrenches can be used to tighten highly stressed threaded connections of strength classes 3.6 ... 6.6 for up to 30 mm Diameter and strength class 6.8 ... 14.9 can be used with a diameter of up to 20 mm.

Another modification of the electric impact wrench With a weight of 4.0 kg and 220 W power consumption, the impact energy is 16 J and the largest tightening torque 450 Nm.

The use of impact wrenches in accordance with the present Invention makes it possible to significantly improve the quality / accuracy / when tightening highly stressed Improve threaded connections, and also solves the issue of vibration and noise safety. When using such impact wrenches, the workforce becomes significantly less fatigues and increases work productivity.

The invention is illustrated below by describing variant embodiments inventive impact wrench explained with reference to the accompanying drawings; It shows Fig. 1 a longitudinal section through the basic structure of the impact wrench, FIG. 2 shows a partial longitudinal section through the impact wrench, FIG. 3 shows a section along the line III-III of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV of Fig. 2, Fig. 5 a section along the line V-V of Fig. 2, Fig. 6 a partial Section through another variant of the impact wrench 1 Fig. 7 a section along the line VII-VII of FIG. 6, FIG. 8 a section along the line VIII-VIII of Fig. 6, Fig. 9 shows a section along the line IX-IX of Fig. 7, Fig. 10 shows a section along the line X-X in FIG. 6, FIG. 11 shows a partial section by another variant of the impact wrench, FIG. 12 shows a section along the line XII-XII of FIG. 11, FIG. 13 shows a section along the line XIII-XIII of FIG. 11, 14 shows a section along the line XIV-XIV in FIG. 11, FIG. 15 shows a section along the line XV-XV of FIGS. 14, 16, a partial longitudinal section through still a variant embodiment of the impact wrench, FIG. 17 shows a section along the line XVII-XVII dir Fig. 16, Fig. 18 a section along the line XVIII-XVIII of Fig. 16, FIG. 19 a section along the line XCX-XIX in FIG. 16, FIG. 20 a partial Longitudinal section through yet another embodiment of the impact wrench, FIG. 21 a Section along the line XXI-XXI in FIG. 20, FIG. 22 shows the development of a section according to the line XXII-XXII of FIG. 20, FIG. 23 a part of the socket, FIG. 24 the View in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 23, FIG. 25 shows the overall view of the locking bolt, FIG. 26 shows the view in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 25, FIG. 27 shows a section along the line XXVII-XXVII of FIG. 20, Fig. 28a shows a part of the Anvil, FIG. 28b the view in the direction of arrow D in FIG. 28a, FIG. 29 a Section along the line XXIX-XXIX in FIG. 20, FIG. 30 a partial section through another embodiment of the impact wrench, FIG. 31 shows a section according to FIG Line XXXI-XXXI of FIG. 30, FIG. 32 shows a section along line XXXII-XXXII of the Fig.

30, FIG. 33 shows a section along the line XXXIII-XXXIII of FIG.

30, FIG. 34 a section along the line XXXIV-XXXIV of FIG.

30, FIG. 35 with a partial section through an impact wrench reverse electric motor, bie which the rotor comprises the stator, Fig. 36 is a section according to the line XXXVI-XXXVI of Fig.

35, FIG. 37 shows a section along the line XXXVII-XXXVII in FIG. 35, 38 shows the node E of FIG. 37, FIG. 39 a, b, c of the embodiment of the end face Projection, Fig. 40 a partial longitudinal section through another variant of the impact wrench, 41 shows a section along the line XXXXI-XXXXI of FIG.

40, 42 a section along the line XXXXII-XXXXII 40, 43 shows the development of the device for moving the driven Part of the hammer towards the anvil, Fig. 44 a section along the line XXXXIV-XXXXIV 43, 45 show a partial longitudinal section through yet another variant of the Impact wrench, Fig. 46 a partial longitudinal section through yet another variant of the impact wrench, Fig. 47 a section along the line XXXXVII-XXXXVII of Fig. 45 and 48, in a schematic representation, the position of the frontal projections before the engagement of the claws.

The impact wrench has a body 1 / Fig. 1 /, crouching at its a handle 2 with a push button switch 3 is attached and in which the following elements are located: hammer 4 and anvil 5, which are coaxial and relative to each other in the axial direction are movably arranged with a gap A between them and have claws 6 and 7 respectively; Drive 8 with output shaft 9, which is connected to hammer 4; Spindle 10 with device 11 for fastening the socket wrench, the spindle for the purpose of common rotation associated with the anvil 5; Device 12 for relative Move the anvil and hammer to engage their claws 6 and 7 when transmitting the torque dLe to manufacture spindle 10; Device 13 for releasing the engagement between the claws 6 and 7 of the hammer and Anvil.

According to the invention, each impact wrench is provided with a device 14 to establish previous interaction between hammer 4 and anvil 5 before Engagement between their claws 6 and 7 is provided, which allows the claws to be brought into engagement at their entire height, thereby reducing their wear and tear and the stability of the flax is increased.

The device 14 for establishing prior interaction between Hammer 4 and anvil 5 contains two parts 15 and 16, which in the axial direction are relative are movable to each other. The first part 15 is in the hammer 4 and the second part 16 inserted in the anvil 5. The parts 15 and 16 have elements that correspond to each other at the relative displacement of the parts touch, causing them previous interaction between the hammer and anvil. Here are the touching ones Elements of parts 15 and 16 at the same angle with respect to claws 6 and 7, the hammer 4 and the anvil 5, respectively, with the result that after manufacturing the previous interaction between hammer 4 and anvil 5 their claws 6 and 7 come into engagement when they are oriented relative to one another, the latter enables it to report imperfect engagement between the claws 6 and 7.

The impact wrench is used in different design variants the relative displacement of hammer and anvil theirs Purpose is to establish the interaction between claws 6 and 7, with axial displacement of the Hammer 4 on the anvil 5 or with axial displacement of the anvil 5 on the hammer 4 to.

Depending on the design of the device 14 for establishing prior interaction between hammer and anvil and the hammer 4 and the anvil 5, the devices 12 and 13 may also be different.

1. Impact wrenches, in which the hammer is moved relative to the anvil will / Fig. 2 ... 44 /.

For the impact wrench shown in Fig. 2, 6, 11, 16, 20 is in common that the hammer 4 is composed of the driven part 17 and the driving part 18 Is, of which the driven part 17 is arranged so that it slch together can rotate with the driving part 18 and move axially on the anvil 5, making it possible to increase the moment of inertia of the hammer and the external dimensions of the impact wrench.

However, the embodiment of the driving part 18 and the driven part 17, wle from Fig. 2, 6, 11, 16, 20 can be seen, very different be.

The driven part 17 of the hammer comprises the output shaft 9 of the Drive 8. This shaft goes in the longitudinal direction through the whole body 1 and their geometric axis coincides with the geometric axis of rotation of the hammer 4 and the anvil 5 together, the free end 19 of the shaft 9 is seated in an axial bore 20 of Anvil 5.

The output shaft 9 is kinematic with the driving part 18 the hammer by means of a friction clutch 21, which is cushioned by spring 22; is, connected, such a design is characteristic when used in an impact wrench an electric motor as a drive without a device for switching off the electric motor, before the pawls 6 and 7 engage, i. e.

before the strike occurs.

When using a compressed air drive or an electric motor with a device for switching off the same at the moment in which the impact occurs, the shaft 9 is rigidly connected to the motor or reduction shaft and the driving shaft Part 18 of the hammer is retained on shaft 9 by any known means.

The free end 19 / Fig. 2, 6, 11, 16, 20 / rests on a ball thrust bearing 23 in the anvil bore 20.

In these types of impact wrenches, the first part 15 contains the Device 14 for producing prior interaction between hammer and Anvil the exposed part 17 of the hammer.

In the case of the impact wrench shown in FIG. 2, the driving force wlrd Part 18 of the hammer on the output shaft 9 against axial displacement by pins 24 held, which are inserted into radial bores of the driving part 18 and engage in an annular groove 25 of the shaft 9. The driving part 18 has to the Anvil 5 facing end face inclined surfaces 26. Here, on the same end face longitudinal projections 27 of the driving part 18 of the hammer are carried out, on which these inclined surfaces 26 are located.

The anvil 5 is made of one piece with the spindle 10, dle seated in a bearing 28 of the body 1.

The driven part 17 of the hammer is with respect to the driving Part 18 cushioned by a spring 29 and can consist of a cylinder 17a and a cylinder Bushing 17b are assembled, the cylinder 17a being the driving part 18 includes, while the sleeve 17b with its one end @ rigid with the cylinder 17a connected is. At the free end of the bush 17b they are located radially inwards, i.e. projections 30 directed towards shaft 9.

The first part 15 of the device 14 for manufacturing the preceding Hammer-anvil interaction includes the driven portion 17 of the hammer and flyweights 31.

The flyweights 31 are in the form of flat elongated elements with rectangular cross-section / Fig. 3 and 4 / executed.

In the socket 17a there are longitudinal grooves 32 with a rectangular cross-section executed, in which the flyweights 31 and the projections 27 of the driving Part 18 / Fig. 2 / are located.

The flyweights 31 are inclined in the grooves 32 and their one end on the projections 30 of the socket 17b and with its other end on the Inclined surfaces 26 of the projections 27 on, being at the ends the flyweights 31, which are far from the anvil 5 and touch the inclined surfaces 26, inclined sections 33 are located.

At the end of the flyweights 31, which faces the anvil 5 and on the projections 30 rests, the claws 6 are executed.

On these claws 6 there are projections 34 with inclined surfaces 35, the projections 34 being closer to the shaft 9.

h In the fliegewidhten 31 there are cutouts on the shaft 9 facing side 36 provided.

The flyweights 31 are held in place by a bushing 37 so that that they are always in engagement with the projections 30 of the part 17 applied. The bush 37 sits on the shaft 9 and has a flange 38, softer in the sections 36 of the flyweights engages. The socket 37 rests with one end on an approach 99 of the shaft 9, while its other end rests on a bearing 40 that is is located in the enlarged part 41 of the axial bore 20 of the anvil 5.

The bush 37 is cushioned with respect to the anvil 5 by a spring 42. The latter is located between the flange 38 and the flange 43 of the bearing 40.

The second part of the device 14 for producing a preceding Interaction between hammer and anvil is in the form of a claw surface 44 / Fig. 5 / executed, which is on the inside / i.e. the side facing shaft 9 / the claws 7 of the anvil 5 is located. Here serve as elements, the parts 15 / Fig. 1 / and 16 belong to each other if the driven part 17 of the hammer to touch the anvil 5, dle inclined surfaces 35 the projection 34 and the claw surface 44. Thanks to the arrangement of the elements on the claws of the hammer and the anvil it becomes superfluous to refer to them to orient the claws 6 and 7.

The flyweights serve as a device 12 for moving the driven Part 17 of the hammer towards the anvil to engage the claws 6 and 7. The centrifugal weights 31 change according to the revolving of the driving and driven part of the hammer and when a certain rotational speed is reached by the hammer under the action of centrifugal forces their location and push the driven part 17 towards the anvil.

Which includes device 13 for releasing the engagement between the claws Springs 29 and 42, which bel the displacement of the driven part 17 on the Anvil 5 to be compressed and after the blow into its starting position Keren back, wobbling the driven part of the hammer back to the starting position bring. This engages between the flyweights 31 and the projections 30 guaranteed by the inclined surface 26, thanks to which the Gewlchte 31 how which can be seen from Fig. 2, set at an angle.

The impact wrench thus constructed operates as follows.

In the starting position there is between the claws 6 and 7 of the hammer 4 or the anvil 5 a gap, the flyweights 31 are by means of of the claws 6 on the projections 30 of the driven part 17, while the Bush 37 rests on the shoulder 39 and its flange 38 protrudes into the cutout 36. After switching on the drive 8 bel certain speeds of the driving Part 18 and the hit part 17 of the hammer, dle circulate together, dXe from the anvil 5 distant ends of the flyweights 31 under the action of the centrifugal forces from the middle / i.e. from wave 9 / away; moved to the periphery. Here will be the flyweights 31, since the inclined surfaces 26 of the projections 27 with the inclined surfaces 33 the weights 31 interact and, since the latter over the projection 30 are in engagement with the driven part 17 of the hammer, together with the driven part 17 of the hammer moved in the axial direction to the anvil 5 to. In this direction, the socket 37 is displaced, whereby its flange 38 with the cutouts 36 interacts, the springs 29 and 42 being compressed will. The relative displacement of flyweights 31, driven part 17 of the Hammer and socket 37 is continued as long as the projections 34 of the claws 6 get into the zone of the claws 7 of the anvil 5.

With the further displacement and rotation of the driven part 17 of the hammer and the flyweights 31 touch dle inclined surfaces 35 of the projections 34 the claw surfaces 44 of the Claws 7, making the flyweights 31 can be printed from the periphery to the center and thereby the engagement between the flyweights 31 and the projections 30 and consequently also between the socket 37 and the driven part 17 of the hammer is released.

After releasing the engagement, the flyweights 31 come together The bushing 37 is shifted towards the anvil 5 in order to engage between the claws 6 and the claws 7 of the anvil 5. If the claws 6 and the claws 7 come into engagement, a blow occurs during which the accumulated kinetic Energy of the rotating mass of the hammer and the flyweights 31 via the spindle 10 is transferred to the / not shown / threaded connection. Continue to bring the springs 29 and 42 the individual parts of the work in the starting position, and the Beats repeat themselves periodically as long as the drive is switched on. the impact wrench works in the order described above. Dle socket 37 ensures that at the same time the claws 6 of two flyweights 31 with the Claws 7 of the anvil come into engagement, as belm loosening the engagement between only Elnem flyweight 31 and the driven part 17 of the hammer this weight itself not with the required perforated speed to dissolve in the direction of the claws 7 can, since the other flyweight 31 is in engagement with the driven part 17 of the Hammer is, but belde flyweights 31 through flange 28 of bushing 37 together are connected.

Since the projections 34 with the inclined surfaces 35 are attached to the claws 6 are located, while the claw surfaces 44 are provided on the claws 7 of the anvil 5 are, the flyweights 31 aui the anvil 5 to with the orientation of the claws 6 and 7 shifted at a certain angle, which the engagement between the the latter guaranteed over its entire height.

For the impact wrenches shown in Fig. 6, 11, 16, 20, Eln work is provided, which in the axial direction the first part 15 of the device 14 to move to the second part 16. This work is located between the driven part 18 of the hammer and the first part 15 of the device 14.

In the impact wrench shown in FIG. 6, the anvil 5 is off made in one piece with the spindle 10 inserted into a bearing 45 of the body 1 is.

The driving part 18 of the hammer is on the shaft 9 of the drive 8 held by a locking ring 46 and is with the driven part 17 through Spring parts 47 connected to co-rotating the same and axial displacement of the driven part with respect to the driving part 18 to enable.

In this impact wrench, the first part contains 15 of the device 14 the driven part 17 of the hammer, the part having an axial bore 48 has, and a bushing 49 which is inserted into the bore 48 so that they are common with the driven Rotate part 17 and a relative axial displacement can perform. For this purpose, as can be seen from FIG. 7, the bore 48 and the bush 49 in cross-section echsecklge shape.

At the end of the socket 49 / Fig. 8 / are facing the anvil Claws 6 executed.

In the driven part 17 / Fig. 6 / of the hammer are radial openings 50 and longitudinal grooves 51 / Fig. 9 / provided, which are arranged around the shaft 9, as can be seen from FIG.

In the radial openings 50 / Fig. 6 / there are spring-loaded locking bolts 52. Each of these bolts consists of two sockets inserted into one another, whereby the outer sleeve is secured in the opening 50, while the inner sleeve is slch m the outer can move. Elne spring 53, which is between these sockets ensures that the inner bushing is returned to the starting position.

In the socket 49 are opposite to the openings 50 radial openings 52 is provided, in which there is a plunger 55 designed as balls. Here the locking bolts partially catfish enter the radial openings 54 of the socket 49, whereby the latter against axial displacement in the opening 48 of the driving part 17 of the hammer is held at a certain moment.

On the mutually facing end faces of the socket 49 and of driving part 18 of the hammer slnd conical surfaces 56 and 57, respectively.

The second part 16 of the device 14 for terstelien preceding Interaction between hammer and anvil includes a tubular member 58 which the shaft 9 includes. This element 58 is made in one piece with the anvil 5 and has at its free end projection 59 / Fig. 7 and 10 /, running along the axis of rotation of the hammer between the claws 7 / Fig. 6 / of the anvil 5 and the claws 6 of the hammer lie and with their inclined surfaces 59a / Fig. 7 / the plungers 55 during the axial displacement of the driven part 17 of the hammer on the anvil 5 to contact the locking bolt 52 to verscnieben and the connection between the bushing 49 and the driven Part 17 of the hammer to loosen.

The work, which the first part 15 / Fig. 6 / the device 14 on its second part 16, contains cylindrical weights in the form of Rods 60 parallel to the shaft 9 in the longitudinal grooves 51 of the driven part 17 / Fig. 9 / of the hammer inserted nind. The cylindrical rods 60 / Fig. 6 / lie on the conical surfaces 57 and 56 of the driving part 18 of the hammer, respectively the socket 49 and serve at the same time as a device 12 for moving the driven part 17 of the hammer towards the anvil 5.

Here, the frontal projections 59 / Fig. 7 / and the tappets 55 elements that move together when moving the driven one Part 17 of the hammer to touch the anvil and at an equal angle to the Place claws 7 and 6 of anvil 5 and hammer, respectively.

The device 13 / Fig. 6 / to release the engagement between the Claws 6 and 7 is located between the socket 49 of the anvil 5 and contains a Return spring 12a comprising tubular member 58 and having one end on a bearing 61 which is in the anvil, and with the other end in one Recess 62 rests in the, the anvil 5 facing end face of the socket 49 is executed.

This impact wrench works as follows.

When the drive is switched on, the driving part 18 and begin the driven part 17 of the hammer as well as the bush 49 to rotate. When a If a certain speed of rotation is reached by the hammer, start the cylindrical Rods 60 under the action of centrifugal force, along the conical surfaces 57 and 56 to move from the shaft 9 to the pearl pearl.

During such a displacement of the cylindrical rods 60 are the driven part 17 of the hammer and that connected to it by locking bolts 52 Bushing 49 shifted towards the anvil 5, the springs 29 and 12a being compressed will. the driven part 17 and the bushing 49 are moved together as long as to dle plunger 55 on the end faces of the projections 59 of the tubular element come up. The frontal protrusions 59 then pass over their inclined surfaces 59a interacts with the tappets 55. The latter are the radial openings 54 of the m Bushing 49 pushed in and press on the locking bolt 52, this in the radial openings 50 of the driven part 17 are pressed in. Here dle bed 53 is pressed together, while the connection between socket 49 and driven part 17 of the hammer released and dle bush 49 through the cylindrical Rods 60 on the anvil 5 wlrd to move their claws 6 with the claws 7 of the Anvil 5 to be engaged. During the engagement of the claws 6 in the claws 7 takes place an impact, in which the accumulated kinetic energy of the rotating masses of the driving part 18 and the driven part 1 / the hammer on the threaded connection is transmitted. After the rotating parts are braked by the impact The cylindrical rods 60 returned to the starting position and the spring 12a pushes the bushing 49 back into the starting position, where it is secured by locking bolts 52, which are pushed out of the openings 50 by springs 53, held while the spring 29 returns the driven part 17 of the hammer to the starting position returns.

Furthermore, the blows on the catfish described above are repeated until the drive is switched off 8.

Since the plunger 55 and the frontal projections 59 under the same Angle to the claws 6 and 7 are, the socket 49 will be a predetermined Orientation angle shifted to the anvil 5, whereby engagement between the NAB 6 and the claws 7 is guaranteed over their entire height.

In the impact wrench shown in FIG. 11, the anvil 5 is off manufactured in one piece with the spindle 10.

The driving part 18 and the driven part 17 of the hammer are intermingled by a hexagonal guide surface 63 / Fig. 12 / connected, whereby their common rotation is made possible. Here, the driven part 17 / Fig. 11 / be moved in the axial direction with respect to the driving part 18, the is held on the shaft 9 by a locking ring 64.

The orste part 15 of the device 14 for making the preceding Hammer-anvil interaction includes the driven portion 17 of the hammer and spring loaded locking bolts 65.

In the driven part 17 of the hammer there are radial bores 66 / Fig. 12 / provided, in which balls 67 suspended by springs 68 are inserted in such a way that that they protrude from the bores 66. In the driving part 18 of the hammer is opposite the radial bores an annular groove 69 is carried out, in which the balls are partially 67 protrude.

In the driven part 17 / Fig. 11 / is an axial bore 70 on the the end face facing the anvil 5 and claws 6 are provided on this part, being in the vicinity of the mentioned end face on the body of the driven part 17 of Hammers radial holes 71 / Fig. 13 / are provided in dle locking pins 65 spring loaded by springs 72 are used.

The springs 72 are held in place by threaded plugs 73, in turn be held in place by a ring, softer on the outside of the driven one Part 17 includes. The locking bolts 65 are driven by the springs 72 from the Part pushed out into its axial bore.

On the end face of the driven part remote from the anvil 5 17 / Fig. 11 / there is an inclined surface 75, while on the driving part 18 Recesses 76 are provided, de further from the shaft 9 than the inclined surface 75 are away.

The second part of the device 14 for making the previous Interaction between hammer and anvil has an annular projection 77, which is carried out on the anvil 5 and includes the output shaft 9 so that between the Shaft 9 and the annular projection 77 a gap 78 is present.

At the end of the annular projection 77, the driven Part 17 of the hammer is facing, there are end-face claws 79 with inclined surfaces 80 / Fig. 14 / and 81 / Fig. 15 /. The frontal claws 79 / Fig. 11 / lie between the claws 7 of the anvil and the locking bolt 65 in the direction of the axis of rotation of the Hammer.

This impact wrench will be the work that will make the first part 15 of the device 14 to its second part 16 moves, and also the device to move the driven Part: 17 of the hammer on the Anvil 5 formed from cylindrical rods 82, each of which with its one End is inserted into the recess 76 and with its other end on the surface 75 is on, the cylindrical pins 82 at an angle to the output shaft 9 are arranged.

The device 13 for releasing the engagement between the claws 6 and 7 consists of a spring 83 which surrounds the shaft 9 and is located in the axial bore 70 and in the gap 78 is located.

This spring 83 lies with its elnen end on the driven part 17 of the hammer and nilt at the other end on a thrust bearing 84, which is in the gap 78 is used on.

The spring-loaded locking bolts 65 and the front claws 79 are elements of the part 15 or 16 of the device 14 and touch elnander when the driven part 17 slips towards the anvil 5, ie. at the Moving the first part 15 towards the second part 16.

The impact wrench works as follows.

After switching on the drive, the driving part 18 begins and the driven part 17 rotates smoothly.

After reaching a certain rotational speed, the cylindrical ones begin Rods 82 under the action of centrifugal forces with respect to their support point to rotate on the end faces of the recesses 76 and press on the conical surface 75, whereby the driven part 17 of the hammer on the anvil 5 to along the hexagonal Surface 63 of the driving part 18 shifted will.

Here, the balls 67 are pressed out of the annular groove 69 and compress the springs 68 together.

In the further displacement of the driven part 17 arrive dle locking bolt 65 in contact with the face of the annular projection 77 or with the inclined surfaces 81 of the end-face claws 79. If the original Contact of the locking bolts 65 with the face of the annular projection 77 takes place, the driven part 17 continues to only move towards the anvil the pressing of the locking bolts 65 into the bores 71 through the inclined surfaces 80 / Fig. 14 / of the claws 79 on the front side moved.

When the original contact of the Ferstellbolzen 65 with the sloping surfaces 81 / Fig. 15 / the claws 79 takes place, in this case the locking bolts are first 65 / Fig. 11 / pressed in and then the driven part 17 of the hammer on the anvil 5 pushed further, the spring 83 being compressed. In this way the driven part 17 of the hammer is shifted by an amount in any case, which ensures the necessary perforated engagement between the claws 6 and 7. Hierbel the shift takes place at a certain relative angular setting of the claws 6 and 7, which by the relative orientation of the claws 6 and the locking bolt 65 as well as the claws 7 and the frontal claws 79 is conditioned. The one mentioned Orientation / adjustment / ensures that the claws and 7 are slow all over Intervene high. If the circulating Hammer with its claws 6 engages in the claws 7 of the fixed anvil 5, a blow occurs while the kinetic energy of the accelerated masses of the hammer on the threaded connection is transmitted.

After the impact, the driven part 17 is activated by the spring 83 of the hammer m returned to the original position, the cylindrical rods 82 return to the starting position.

There are locking bolts 65 and 68, respectively, by the springs 72 and 68 the balls 67 also brought into the starting position. Keep repeating periodically the blows, with all works of the impact wrench in the above-described Working order.

In the impact wrenches shown in FIGS. 16 and 20, the Anvil with the spindle 10 made from one piece.

The first part 15 of the device 14 for manufacturing the preceding Interaction between hammer and anvil includes the driven part 17 of the firing pin, are carried out on the claws 6 and in which there is an axial bore 85, as well as a tubular element 86 which comprises the output shaft 9 of the drive 8.

Between the tubular element 86 and the driven part 17 of the hammer is the device 12 for the axial displacement of the driven Part of the hammer towards the anvil to remove the claws 6 and 7 / Fig. 17 / in engagement bring to. This device 12 / Fig. 16, 20 / contains V-shaped grooves 87 / Fig. 19 /, which are carried out on the outer surface of the tubular element 86 are, as well as V-shaped recesses 88 formed on the inner surface 89 of the driven Part 17 are executed, and balls 90, which in the V-shaped grooves 87 and pre-recesses 88 are used.

Here, the V-shaped grooves 87 and depressions 88 are related on the claws 6 at the same angle as the elements of the first part 15 of the Device 14 oriented.

The device 12 also serves as a means for connecting the driven part 17 of the hammer with the tubular element 86 for the purpose of common circulation.

In Fig. 16 shown, driven part 17 of the hammer are located The radial bores 91 are inserted into the spring-loaded locking bolts 92, which by springs 93 out of the driven part 17 and into the axial bore 85 be pushed. The locking bolts 92 are in the bores 91 by threaded plugs 94 and a spring ring 95 held, which from the outside the driven part 17 of the hammer includes. On the ends of the locking bolts 92, which are driven out of the Part 17 protrude, the tubular element 86 rests on its end face, whereby the displacement of the tubular member 86 in the direction of the second part 16 of the device 14 is prevented.

The tubular element 86 has on the end face facing the anvil 5 Projections 96 and one on the other end face Flange 97 with Conical surface 98.

The second part of the device 14 for making the previous Interaction between hammer and anvil contains an annular projection 9), which is made in one piece with the anvil 5, includes the output shaft 9 and frontal claws 100 refers.

The front-side claws 100 lie between the claws 7 of the anvil 5 and the locking bolt 92 along the axis of rotation of the hammer.

The work for moving the first part 15 of the device 14 on its second part 16 too contains balls 101, which are located between the driving Part 18 of the hammer and the conical surface 98 of the element 86 are located.

The device 13 for releasing the engagement between the claws 6 and 7 includes a return spring 102, which the output shaft 9 and the annular Protrusion 99 includes and between anvil 5 and driven part 17 of the hammer is arranged.

Frontal projections 96, locking bolts 92 and also frontal Claws 100 of the projection 99 are elements of the parts 15 and 16, which at one another Moving the driven part 17 of the hammer to touch the anvil 5.

The stringing part of the hammer is formed by a single part or can consist of several parts that are rigidly connected to one another, and is on the shaft 9 by means of a Spring ring 103 held.

The driven part 17 of the hammer is in the driving position Part 18 and their surfaces in contact with one another, as can be seen from FIG is, the shape of a square.

Between the flange 97 of the tubular part 86 and the driven Part 17 of the hammer is a spring 104.

In the driven part 17 of the hammer opposite the balls 101 Bores 105 provided.

This impact wrench works as follows.

After switching on the drive 8 as well as after by the driving Part 18 and the driven part 17 of the hammer and the tubular element 86 When a certain rotational speed is reached, the balls 101 begin to fall the effect of centrifugal forces from the shaft 9 to merge away to the periphery, whereby they press on the conical surfaces 98 of the tubular element 86. Consequently this tubular element 86 begins to move towards the anvil 5, and since the end face rests on the protruding ends of the locking bolts 92, This tubular element 86 displaces the driven part 17 of the hammer the anvil 5 closed. Here, the springs 104 and 102 are compressed while the balls 90 into the coincident tips 106 / Fig. 19 / of the V-shaped indentations 88 and the grooves 87 are offset from the further displacement of the tubular Elements 86 together with the driven part 17 get the locking bolts 92 in the zone, in which the frontal claws 100 are located, and through the latter the locking bolts 92 are pushed into the radial bores 91, whereby the springs 93 are compressed and the interaction with the end face of the tubular element is interrupted. Here the latter wlrd through the balls 101 shifted towards the anvil 5 and grip selne end-shaped projections 96 into the front-side claws 100, wobbling during the displacement process of the tubular element 86, the balls 101 leave the conical surface 98 on the end face of the flange 97 and partly into the bores 105 of the driving part 18 of the hammer enter.

Imperfect engagement between the projections 96 and the end faces Claws 100 are made by arranging the locking bolts 92 opposite the projections 96 prevented.

After the engagement between the projections 96 of the circumferential tubular member 86 and claws 100 of the fixed annular projection 99 of the anvil 5 takes place, the tubular element 86 is stopped during the driven part 17 continues its rotation and is moved towards the anvil, to produce engagement between the claws 6 and 7, since the balls 90 in the V-shaped Grooves 87 and recesses 88 are moved. As a result of the engagement between the Claws 6 and 7 a blow takes place in which the kinetic energy of the accelerated Masses of the hammer and balls 101 on the threaded connection to be tightened is transmitted.

Since the driving part 18 and the driven part during impact 17 of the hammer are braked to a complete standstill, so the springs lead 102 and 104 the driven part 17 and the tubular element 86, respectively back to the starting position and the strokes are repeated in the one described above Series.

In the case of the impact wrench shown in FIG. 20, in contrast to the The impact wrench shown in FIG. 16 shows the work for moving the first part 15 of the device 14 towards the second part 16 between the driving part 18 and the attacked part 17 of the hammer arranged. For this purpose im driving part 18 radial bores 107 with a diameter equal to the diameter of the balls 101 is provided. In the bores 707 there are balls 101 dleses At the factory and in the former, projections 108 protrude, those on the driven part 17 of the hammer and bevels on the side facing the balls 101 109 own. During the displacement of the balls 101, the latter press on the bevels 109 and force the driven part 17 of the hammer to open to move the anvil 5. Here are the driving part 18 and the driven Part 17 of the hammer for the purpose of their common rotation and the axial displacement of the driven part 17 with respect to the driving mltelnander by Recesses 110 / Fig. 21 /, which are carried out in the driven part 17, and through Projections 111, which are carried out in the driving part and into the recesses 110 protrude, connected. The displacement of the balls 101 / Fig. 20 / in the holes 107 is limited by a spring ring 112.

The tubular element 86 is on the shaft 9 against axial displacement held by spring washers 113 and 114 and has a projection 115, which in the axial bore of the driven part 17 protrudes, which in turn has a projection 116. A spring 117 rests on the projections 115 and 116 and is inserted into the bore 85 is used.

The device 12 for the axial displacement of the driven part is also designed as in the case of the impact wrench shown in FIG. 16 as well from V-shaped grooves 87, V-shaped depressions 88 and balls 90, their gemelsame Development from Fig. 22 can be seen.

The second part of the device 14, for making the previous one Interaction between hammer and anvil is in the form of a longitudinally movable bush 118 executed with end-face claws 119. The bush 118 is in an axial bore, which is carried out in the anvil 5, used and is continuously in the direction of the hammer pressed by a spring 120. The socket 118 has a projection 121 on which the front claws 119 and a recess 122 / Fig. 23 / located, dle in Shape of a recess 123 / Fig. 24 / ends. In the recess 122 are located by Springs 124 / Fig. 20 / spring-loaded locking bolts 125. These locking bolts 125 have approaches 126 / Fig. 25 / with flats 127 / Fig. 26 /, with an annular Projection 128 / Fig. 27, 28a, b / work together, which is carried out in the anvil 5. in the annular projection 128 are incisions 128a into which the projections 121 of the bushing 118 engage, causing joint rotation of the bushing 118 and the Spindle 10 and axial displacement of the bush 118 are guaranteed.

The claws 6 / Fig. 20 / of the driven part of the hammer on the inner shelf / i.e. on the side facing the shaft 9 / a beveled Section 129, the surface of which when the driven part 17 of the Hammer on the anvil 5 cooperates with the locking bolt 125.

The frontal projections 96 and the frontal claws 119 are elements of parts 15 and 16 of device 14 that contact each other.

This impact wrench works as follows.

When the drive is switched on, the driving part 18 of the begins Hammer itself together with its driven part 17 and the tubular element 86 to turn. When a certain speed of rotation is reached, the balls will move 101 away from the shaft 9 under the action of centrifugal forces in the bores 107 shifted to the periphery and press on the bevels 109 of the projections 108 of the driven part 17 of the hammer and move this part towards the anvil. The balls 90 / Fig. 22 / away from the top and displaced along the recesses 88, while the beveled portions 129 of the Claws 6 their interaction with the locking bolts 125 / Fig.

23 and 24 / and the latter in the recesses 123 of the recesses Press 122. The approaches 126 / Fig. 25, 26 / the locking bolt 125 from the annular projection 128 / Fig.

27, 28 / of the anvil and the bush 118 / Fig. 20 / wlrd through the spring 120 moved to the tubular element 86 to with its end face Claws 119 to come into engagement with its frontal projections 96, with imperfect engagement due to the location of the claws 119 and projections 96 below the the same angle to the claws 6 and 7 / Fig. 20, 29 / is prevented.

After the engagement between the circumferential tubular member 86 and the fixed bushing 118 takes place, this tubular element is stopped, while the driven part 17 of the hammer continues to rotate and open the anvil Sn due to the rolling of the balls 90 with the rotation of the driven one Part 17 in the recesses 88 and the grooves 87 moves. With the shift come the claws 6 of the driven part 17 of the hammer with the claws 7 of the Anvil 5 engages along its entire height, and an impact occurs during which is the impact energy of the accelerated masses of the hammer and the balls 101 is transferred to the threaded connection to be tightened.

Belm disappearance of the driven part 17 presses on the anvil after the connection between socket 118 and the tubular element has been established 86 the latter on the socket 11 and leads it back to the starting position. Here the locking bolts 125 and the spring 124 are also in the starting position returned and the stops 126 of the locking bolts 92 hold the bush 118 behind the annular projection 128 / Fig. 28 / of the anvil.

Since the driving part 18 and the driven part during impact 17 of the hammer are braked to a complete standstill, the spring rotates 117 the tubular element 86, while the driven part during this rotation of the element 86 returns to the original position, since the balls 90 from the V-shaped Grooves 87 return in their tips. Belm moving the driven part 17 move its projections 108 dle balls 101 into the starting position in the starting position and the blows are repeated periodically in the above-described Sequence until the drive is switched off.

In the case of the impact wrench shown in FIG. 30, there is a hammer 4 from a drivable part 130 and a driven part 131.

The driving part 130 is designed in the form of a hollow cylinder, which includes the anvil 5 and with its ends on bearings 132 and 133, which in the body 1 are attached, rests.

The driving part 130 of the hammer stands over an intermediate part 134 and spring wedges 135 in contact with a spring-loaded friction clutch 136, soft seated on a driven shaft 137. The driven part 131 has claws 6, is inserted in the driving part 130 and connected to it along flat surfaces 138, dle in cross section, as can be seen from Fig. 31, the shape of a square have, resulting in joint rotation of these parts and axial displacement of the driven one Partly with respect to the driving part 130 is guaranteed.

The driving part 130 has a radial bore 139 / Fig 30 /, in which a locking bolt 140 is inserted, which is partially off by spring 141 this hole is pushed out.

In the driven part 131 of the hammer is located opposite the Bore 139 also has a radial bore 142 in which a spherical plunger 143 sits and into which the protruding end of the locking bolt 140 enters, so that the driven part 131 can be held against axial displacements.

The plunger 143 exits under the pressure of the locking bolt 140 the radial bore 142, as can be seen from Fig. 30, out, Im driven Part 130 and in the driving part 131 of the hammer are notches 144 or 145.

There is an axial bore in the driven part 131 146 in the first part 15 of the device 14 for producing the previous interaction is installed between the hammer and anvil.

The first part 15 of the device 14 is axially movable by one Rod 147 with flange 148 at elnem end and longitudinal groove 149 at the other end, the Facing the anvil, and formed by a lever 150 extending along the rod in whose longitudinal groove 149 is used. The lever 150 is in selner by means of axis 151 Hinged in the middle and one of its arms 152 is in contact with the plunger 142, which protrudes from the radial bore 142, whereby its second arm from the longitudinal groove 149 is pushed out, wherein the pushed out arm of the lever 150 elnen projection 153 has a beveled section 154, which is on the anvil 5 facing Side is located.

The rod 147 is provided with a spring-loaded spring ring 155 on which the driven part 131 rests, while dXe connection of the driven Part 131 with the rod 147 takes place along cylindrical surfaces 156.

The second part 16 of the device 14 for making the preceding Interaction between hammer and anvil is on the inside of the elner Claws 7 of the anvil 5 and has the shape of a spherical section 157 / Fig. 32 / mlt bevels 158. Here are the bevels 158 and 154 of the section 157 or of the projection 153 elements that interfere with each other when moving the driven part 131 of the hammer towards the anvil, i.e. at Moving the first part 15 of the device 14 towards its second part 16, touch.

Since the bevels 158 are executed on one of the claws 7 of the anvil 5 the relative orientation of all the claws becomes automatic in this case ensured because the orientation of the chamfers 154 of the projections 153 in wlrd with respect to the claws 6 of the driven part 131 achieved that the Lever 150 with the projection 153 is located opposite one of the claws 6, such as this can be seen from FIG. 33.

The work, which the first part 15 / Fig. 30 / the device 14 to move to its second part 16 consists of flyweights 159, which are are located in a recess 160, which is carried out in the driving part 130, wherein the flange 148 of the rod 14? located0 the flyweights 159 sit rotatably on axis 161, which by rolling out 162 / Fig. 34 / im driving Part 130 is attached, and stand with bevels 163 / Fig 30 / of the flange 148 in touch.

As they rotate, the flyweights 159 press the flange 148 of the staff 147 to move the latter.

The device 12 for the axial displacement of the driven part 131 of the hammer is to bring the claws 6 and 7 into engagement, in the form of a Spring 164 released, giving way between the i? 1ansch 148 des Rod 147 and the driven part 131 of the hammer in its recess 145 is located.

The device 13 for releasing the engagement between the claws is located between the flange 148 of the rod 147 and the rotating part 130 of the hammer in the same recess 144 and consists of a return spring 165.

The impact wrench works as follows.

After placing the impact wrench on the nut to be tightened or screw the drive 8 is switched on.

Here, the rotary movement is via the drive shaft 137 and the friction clutch transferred to the driving part 130 of the hammer, with which slch jointly the Flyweights 159, driven part 131 and rod 147 rotate. The rotary motion is transferred to the rod 147 in that the recess 160 at flats 166 / Fig. 34 / of the flange 148 engages.

As the turning speed increases, the people are forced to flee 159 pivoted about the axis 161 by centrifugal forces and press on the bevels 163 of the flange 148 and the rod 147 slide away towards the anvil 5. Here springs 164 and 165 are compressed. This movement continues for so long continues until projection 153 of lever 150 rests against bevels 158 / Fig. 32 / on the convex Section 157 of the claws 7 is approaching.

In the interaction between the tapered portion 154 of the The lever 150 is formed by the protrusion 153 and the bevel 158 to dle Axis 151 is pivoted and pushes the plunger 143 into the bore by means of its arm 152 142 of the driven part 131.

The plunger 143 in turn pushes the locking bolt 140 completely into the bore 139, wobel ring 167, which from the outside the driving part 130 prevents the locking bolt 140 from coming out of the opening 139.

While the locking bolt 140 is being pushed in, the connection is established solved between the driving part 130 and the driven part of the hammer.

The applied part 131 of the hammer is raised by the spring 164 the anvil 5 to be displaced to bring the jaws 6 and 7 into engagement. This Intervention takes place at their full height and all of the accumulated kinetic energy of the rotating masses is transferred to the threaded connection.

During the stroke, the driving part 130 and the driven plane Part 131 fully braked as well as springs 164 and 165 lead the driven one Part 131 together with the rod 147 or the antrelbenden part 130 in the starting position return. The blows are repeated periodically in the order described above, until the drive is switched off.

In the case of the impact wrench shown in FIG. 35, the body 1 can be dismantled and has two handles 168 and 169 as well as a starter switch 170. As a drive 8 an electric motor is used, the rotor 171 of which comprises a stator 172, which is mounted on an immovable shaft 173. The hammer 4 of the impact wrench is composed of driving part 174 and driven part 175. The rising one Part 174 is connected to rotor 171 and used in bearings 176 and 177. The driven part 175 is built into the driving part 174 so that it rotate together with it and can be moved axially, which is achieved thereby wlrd that their touching surfaces have the shape of a hexagon in cross-section as can be seen from FIG. 36.

The first part of the device 14 for establishing prior interaction between the hammer and anvil contains a bush 178 which is axially displaceable and arranged between the immovable axis 173 and the driven part 175 is.

Radial bores 179 / Fig. 37 / executed, a ball 180 is located in each of them.

On the face of the socket 178 / Fig. 35 / which is far from the anvil 5 is located; a flange 181 with conical surface 182, which the electric motor is facing.

Radial recesses 183 are made in the driving part 174, one side of which is formed by the conical surface 182 of the flange 181. aside from that are located in the driving part 174 opposite the radial bores 179 of the socket Radial bores 184, with a spring-loaded locking bolt 185 in each of them is used. The latter stand with the balls 180 over ram 186 / Fig. 38 / in interaction, which are inserted in radial bores 187. These bores 187 are made in the driven part 175 of the hammer in which an annular recess 188 / Fig. 35 / is located.

The second part 16 of the device for manufacturing the preceding Interaction between hammer and anvil includes a tubular member 189, which comprises the immovable axis 173 and, together with it, forms one in the anvil 5 Axial bore 190 is set.

The tubular element 189 has frontal projections / Fig. 39a, b, c / with inclined surfaces 192 and 193. These frontal projections 191 and also dle Balls 180 / Fig. 37 / are elements which are mutually dependent on the shifting of the first Part 15 of the device 14 to touch its second part 16.

The work, which the first part 15 of the device 14 on their second part to moves, consists of spherical Fliehgewldhten 194, which are in, radial recesses 183 between the antrelbenden part 174 and the conical surface 182 of the flange 181 are located.

The device 12 for axially sliding the driven part 175 of the hammer is towards the anvil to engage the claws 6 and 7, executed in the form of a spring 195, which is located between the flange 181 of the socket 178 and the hit part 175 of the hammer is located.

The device 13 for releasing the engagement between the claws 6 and 7 is in the form of a return spring 196 sandwiched between flange 181 of the bush 178 and a spring ring 197 is located in the driving part 174 the impact wrench is attached.

In the axis 173 there is an axial bore 198, in which a switch 199 is located which is connected to a bevel 200 of the socket 178, i. interacts with the surface which rests against the surface of the immovable axis 173 stands.

The position of the bushing 178 in the bore 190 of the anvil is determined a pin 201 fixed. The spindle 10 is inserted in a bearing 202 of the body 1 and made from one piece of the anvil.

The impact wrench works as follows.

After placing the impact wrench on the screw to be tightened or mother, the starter switch 170 is operated and the electric motor is switched on.

During the increase in the rotational speed of the rotor 171 as well as the driving part 174 and the driven part 175 of the hammer with the Rotor are connected, as well as the bushing 178 and the flyweights 194 are the latter pushed away from the axis 173 by centrifugal forces, with sle on the sail surfaces 182 of flange 181 print. This wlrd the bush 178 together with the balls 180 shifted to the anvil 5, where the springs 195 and 196 be squeezed. Such a shift takes place until the balls 180 / Fig.

3l // the frontal projections 191 of the tubular element 189 reach.

When the balls 180 interact with the bevels 192 / Fig. 39a, b, c / or 193 of the frontal projections 191, these balls 180 / Fig. 37 / pushed out into the annular recess 188 and press on in turn the tappets 186 / Fig. 38 /, which in the radial direction in bores 187 from the axis 173, press on the locking bolts 185 and read into the holes 184 hlnelnschleben, whereby the connection between the driving part 175 and driven Part 174 of the hammer is released.

Through the windows 195 the driven part 175 is on the anvil too moved to engagement between the claws 6 and 7 of the hammer and the anvil to produce wobel an impact occurs during which the accumulated kinetic energy the rotating masses is transferred to the threaded connection. Before the blow becomes due to the interaction of the bevel 200 of the socket 178 with a pin 203 of the switch 199 interrupted the circuit of the electric motor, whereby its Betrleb is avoided in the braking state during impact.

During the impact, the rotating masses are completely braked. After the impact, the spring 196 guides the driven part 175 and the bush 178 back to the starting position, while the spring-loaded locking bolts 185 push the balls 180 back into bores 179 via plunger 186, whereby the driving part 174 connected to the driven part 175 and the bush 178 will. During the return of the bush 178 to the starting position closes the switch, the supply circuit of the electric motor and the blows are repeated periodically in the order described above.

In the impact wrench shown in FIG. 40, the hammer is in several parts. Its driving part consists of a hollow cylinder 204 and an annular one Element 205, which is rigid at the end of the cylinder, which is remote from the anvil 5, while its driven part 206 includes claws 6.

Cylinder 204 stands the length of the body and encompasses the anvil and is with its end set in bearings 207 which are fixed in the body 1.

The driven part 206 is inserted into the cylinder 204 so that that it can be moved axially and rotated with it.

For this purpose there are longitudinal recesses in the annular element 205 208, but in the driven part 206 there are longitudinal projections 209 provided, which in the recesses 208 / Fig. 41 / intervene.

In the ring-shaped element 205 and radial recesses 210 are made, each of which has one side formed by the driven part 206 of the hammer will. This part 206 has protrusions 209 with beveled sections 211.

The first part 15 of the device 14 for producing a preceding Interaction between hammer and anvil includes driven portion 206 and a longitudinally displaceable tubular element 212 which is inserted into axial bores of the driving and the driven part of the hammer is used. A spring ring 213 holds the driven part 206 of the hammer on the tubular member 212 fixed.

The tubular element 212 has on the same facing the anvil 5 End of projection 214 / Fig. 42 / and at its other end a shaft 215 / Fig. 40 /, which in elne axial bore of the ringför magen element 205 and a recess 216 of the shaft 9 engages.

In the middle of the tubular element 212 is an annular one Approach 217, the tubular element being attached to the driving part by a return spring 218, which is seated in the recess 216.

The second part 16 of the device 14 for making the preceding Interaction between hammer and anvil contains one axially movable Rod 219 with frontal projections 220, which face the tubular element 212 are. The rod 219 is inserted into an axial bore 221 of the spindle 10, dle together is made with the anvil 5 in one piece. The rod 219 is in the direction of the tubular member 212 by a spring 222 which is mounted under the rod 219 in the Bore 221 is inserted, cushioned.

Rod 219 is with spindle 10 for the purpose of rotating them together connected by a pin 223, which is fixed in the spindle and in an elongated Opening 224 of the rod 219 is inserted.

In the anvil 5 there are radial bores into which plungers 225 are inserted are that protrude from the bores of the anvil 5, while in the rod 219 opposite the rams 225 of the spindle 10 elne Radlalbohrung 226 is carried out in which Locking bolts 227, which are designed in the form of pins, between which a spring 228 is arranged.

On the sides of the claws 6 facing the axis of rotation of the hammer bevels 229 are provided for interaction with the plungers 225.

The frontal projections 220 and 214 of the rod 219 or

of the tubular member 212 are members that move each other when sliding of the first part 15 of the device 14 on its two part 16 to touch.

The work, which the first part 15 of the device 14 towards shifts its second part 16, contains balls 230, which are in radial recesses 210 between the driven part 206 of the hammer and the annular element 205 sit.

The device 12 for axially displacing the driven part 206 of the hammer towards the anvil 5 contains around the claws 6 and 7 to bring engagement, V-shaped grooves 231 / Fig. 43 / and V-shaped recesses 232, which are in the associated surfaces of the tubular member 212 and of the driven part 206 of the hammer, and balls 223, which are in dlesen grooves and depressions. Here are the tips of the V-shaped Grooves 231 and recesses 232 with respect to the claws 6 at the same angle like the frontal projections 214 / Fig. 40 / of the tubular element 212.

The device 13 for releasing the engagement between the claws 6 and 7 includes a return spring 218.

The spindle 10 is seated in a bearing 234 of the body 1.

This impact wrench works as follows.

After placing the impact wrench on the set screw to be tightened or mother and switching on the drive, start the driving and the driven Part to rotate together with the tubular element 212, after reaching it a certain rotational speed it bydh the hammer press the balls 230, which pushed away by centrifugal forces in the recesses 210 from the axis of rotation of the hammer are, on the tapered portions 211 of the projections 209 of the driven Part 206 and move it in the axial direction together with the tubular element 212 towards the anvil 5.

The balls 233 / Fig. 43 / out of the grooves 231 in the Depressions 232 over and during the advance of the driven part 206 by one To a certain extent press the bevels 229 of the hammer 6 on the plunger 225, the be inserted into the anvil hole and interact with the locking bolt 227 occur, these being pushed into the bore 226 of the rod 219. Here the rod 219 is moved by the spring 222 in the direction of the tubular element 212 Shifted until the end projections 214 and 220 engage. Engagement of the projections 214 and 220 along their entire height is by mutual Orientation of the projections 220 and the plunger 225 as well as the projections 214 and the Chamfers 229 reached.

After engagement of the circumferential tubular member 212 and the fixed rod 219, the tubular element 212 is withstood and begins due to the interaction between depressions produced by means of the balls 233 232 and grooves 231 to move on the anvil 5, whereby it by means of the annular Approach 217 presses on the driven part 206 of the hammer and bls this part shifts to engage the claws 6 and 7 of the hammer. Then there is a blow bel that the kinetic energy of the accelerated masses on the one to be fixed Thread connection is transmitted. When moving the tubular element 212 towards the anvil 5 it pushes after its connection with the rod 219 of the latter in the starting position, the locking bolt 227 under the action of feather 228 partially enter the radial bores of the anvil 5 and push the plunger 225 into the starting position.

Since the driving part is the driven part of the Hammers are braked to a complete standstill, the spring 218 rotates when Returning to the starting position the tubular element 212 and pushes the driven part in the starting position.

The balls 230 are also bevelled under the action of the Sections 211 of the projections 209 returned to the starting position.

Furthermore, the beats repeat periodically in the above-described one Order in which the drive is switched off.

II. Impact wrenches in which the anvil 5 is moved towards the hammer 4 is to bring the claws 6 and 7 into interaction.

In the impact wrench shown in FIG. 1, the hammer 4 comprises the drive 8 and is centered in the body 1 by bearings 235. In hammer 4 there are elne Axial bore 236 and also radial bores 237 carried out, in which locking bolts 238 are used, which are carried out in the form of flyweights as well as in the direction of the axis of rotation of the hammer 4 pressed by spring 239 and falling out of the Bores 237 by elnen spring ring 237, which includes the hammer 4, prevented will.

The first is axially displaceable in the axial bore 236 of the hammer 4 Part 15 of the device 14 for producing prior interaction between Hammer and anvil inserted.

This part 15 consists of a tubular element 241 mlt a Axlalbohrung 242, in which elne spring 243 is used, the tubular Element 241 presses against the anvil 5 or against the second part 16 of the device 14.

In the tubular element 241 are on the anvil 5 facing end face frontal projections 244 carried out.

There is, by an axial displacement of the tubular element 241 in the direction of the anvil before the moment at which a certain rotational speed is achieved by the hammer to prevent indentations in the tubular element 241 245 executed, in which the protruding from the holes 237 of the flame 4 Ends of the locking bolts 238 are located.

The anvil 5 is placed on the spindle 10 that it is in with respect to it can move axially and rotate together with it. To this end the connection of the anvil 5 with the spindle 10 has the shape of a cross-section Six socks / Fig. 44 /, the anvil 5 radially protruding, pin-shaped projections 246, which are held in the anvil by a ring 247. The protrusions 246 snd passed through elongated openings 248, which are carried out in the spindle 10 are.

The spindle 10 is inserted into an immovable bearing of the body 1 and is held against axial displacement by locking ring 249. In the spindle 10 an axial bore 250 is made into which the second part 16 of the device 14 is set. This part is in the form of a spring 251 cushioned Bushing 252 executed with frontal projections 253, which on their surface, which faces the part 15 of the device 14 are provided. The socket 252 is freely movable along an axis 254 which passes through the axial bore 250 of the Splndel 10 goes, and has an annular extension 255 on its surface is executed.

The projection 246 of the anvil 5 rests on the shoulder 255, the is pressed against the shoulder via the plate 257 by the spring 256, whereby the bushing 252 is connected to the anvil to bring them together towards the hammer move.

The device 12 is located for the axial disconnection of the anvil between the spindle 10 and the bushing 252 and has V-shaped grooves 258, dle are made on the outer side surface of the socket, V-shaped e recesses 259 on the inner surface of the spindle 10 and balls 260, soft into the V-shaped grooves 258 and recesses 259 are inserted, the V-shaped recesses and grooves are analogous to the V-shaped depressions and grooves shown in FIG. 19.

The device 13 for releasing the connection between the NAB contains a spring 251 between the projection 261 of the axle 254 and the inside annular extension 262 of the socket 252 is arranged.

The annular protrusions 244 of the tubular member 241 and the annular projections 253 of the sleeve 252 are elements of parts 15 and 16, which touch each other.

This impact wrench works as follows.

The impact wrench is placed on a nut or screw 8, the drive / is switched on and the rotary movement is activated via a coupling Transfer hammer. When the hammer reaches a certain speed of rotation the locking bolts come out of the depressions under the effect of centrifugal forces 245 of the tubular member 241, compressing the spring 239. Element 241 is pushed toward bushing 252 in the axial direction by spring 243 and frontal projections 244 and 253 of the element 241 and the socket, respectively 252 interact with one another. Here it starts with the firing pin co-rotating tubular member 241 to rotate the bushing 252, the slch moves along a helical line, since the balls 260 in V-shaped grooves and Wells 259 are moved. By advancing the bushing 252 onto the hammer 4 the spring 256 is compressed beforehand, whereby the dle on the projections 246 of the anvil 5 acting inertial forces are weakened.

After the spring 256 is compressed, the disk 257 pushes which on the protrusion 246 presses the anvil 5 along the faceted surface of the Splndel 10 towards hammer 4, whereby spring 251 is compressed. At the axial displacement of the anvil 5, its claws 7 come mlt over their entire height the claws 6 of the hammer 4 engaged and there is a blow in which the kinetic Transferring energy from the hammer to the spindle and the connection to be tightened will. During the strike, the hammer 4 is completely braked.

Simultaneously with the displacement of the anvil 5, the bushing moves 252, which is in contact with the tubular element 241, the latter in the axial direction into the starting position, with spring 243 being compressed. Here are the The locking bolt 238 is pushed into the recesses 245 by the springs 239 and prevents it The axial displacement of the tubular element 251. After the impact, the spring leads 251 the I socket 252 and the anvil 5 back into the starting position. Then repeat The blows periodically until the drive is switched off.

In the embodiment variants of the shown in FIGS. 45 and 46 Impact wrenches are assemblies available, which are similar to the assemblies of the Fig. 1 are shown impact wrench. Such assemblies are the first part 15 of the device 14 consisting of a tubular element 242; the second part 16 of the device consists of a socket 252 with frontal projections 253; the device 12 for moving the anvil 5 towards the hammer 4 to the claws to engage includes V-shaped grooves 258, V-shaped depressions 259 and balls 260. The from Blg. 45 and 46 visible design variants of the impact wrench however, have certain deviations. Hammer 4 is made up of several parts and contains one Hollow cylinder 263 and an annular element 264 which is rigidly secured in the cylinder 263 is and has claws on its face facing the anvil 5. The cylinder 263 is arranged along the axis of rotation of the hammer and includes the anvil 5 and its Ends sit in bearings 265.

In the annular element 264 is an axial bore 266 into which a tubular element is used, and radial bores 267 carried out, in which Locking bolts 238 are used, which in recesses 245 of the tubular Engage element and prevent axial displacement in the direction of the anvil 5 hold tight.

The bushing 252 has a shaft 268 which fits into the ax hole 250 of the spindle is inserted, and an annular shoulder 269. The anvil 5 has an annular projection 270 directed radially to the axis of rotation of the hammer. Between the annular extension 269 and the projection 270 there is a damping spring 271 arranged.

At the end of the shaft 268 there is a protrusion 272, wherein between the projection 272 of the shaft and the spindle 10 dle device 13 for releasing the Connection between the claws is arranged, which is designed as a return spring 273 is.

The connection of the spindle 10 mlt the anvil 5 takes place by means of longitudinal Projections 274 / Fig. 47 /, which are located on the anvil 5, and longitudinal recesses 275, which are carried out in the spindle 10, in which the projections 274 of the anvil intervention.

The impact wrench shown in FIG. 4 is except for the / off Fig. 46 not visible / locking bolt 238 still additional locking bolts available.

The additional locking bolts are in the form of cylindrical rods 276 formed, between which elne spring 277 is inserted. The bars 276 are located partially in recesses 278 lying flat in the annular element 264 are, and in longitudinal grooves of the tubular element 241. Here, the tubular Element 241 has a radial bore 280, into which the spring 277 is inserted which pushes the rods 276 away from the axis of rotation of the hammer.

The tubular element 241 is in the axial bore of the annular Elements 264 used by means of ball wedges 281, which sit in longitudinal grooves 282, which are carried out on the outer surface of the tubular element 241.

The angular length of the frontal projections 244 and 253 of the tubular Elements 241 or the socket 252 and also the angular length of the claws 6 and 7 of the hammer resp.

of the anvil are chosen so large that the frontal projections 244 and 253 of the tubular element 241 and the socket 252 bel elnem angle in Intervention that ensures their intervention at all levels.

The impact wrench shown in FIG. 45 works analogously to this Impact wrench shown in Fig. 1.

The impact wrench shown in FIG. 46 also works analogously the impact wrench shown in Fig. 1 but with the difference that after the displacement of the tubular element 241 on the anvil 5 to the end faces Projection 244 and 253 of the tubular element 241 and the socket 252 bel elnem Angle αEingr = α3 - α2 / Fig. 48 / come to Einö'iff, which ensures the engagement of the frontal projections along the entire height. Dles wlrd by appropriate position and angular length of the frontal projection 244 and 253 and claws 6 and 7.

When the tubular element 241 on the socket 252 too at the moment moved wlrd in which the claws 6 and 7 are opposite each other / the frontal The projection 244 and the claws 6 are hatched in Fig. 48, while the claws 7 of the anvil 5 is slightly larger than the claws 6 of the hammer 4 for differentiation are shown /, the tubular member 241 becomes so long on the bushing 252 shifted to until the end faces of the rods 276 the end face of the claws 7 of the anvil 5 touch, wobbles between the projections 244 and 253 a small gap remains and they may have been moved on top of each other.

During the rotation of the hammer 4 and consequently also dos tubular Elements 241 slide the rods 276 with their front sides along the front sides of the Claws 7 of the anvil. If the rods 276 from the end faces of the claws 7 after the rotation of the hammer 4 slide down / this position is shown in Fig. 48 by dashed lines marked /, the tubular element is given the opportunity to continue in Direction to shift towards the bushing 252. Since, however, together with the Chamber 4, if the tubular element 241 also rotates, it comes around after the rotation the angle sC by means of its projections 244 in contact with the end faces of the Projections 253 of the socket 252, whereby dle axial displacement of the tubular element is interrupted until the end faces of the projections 244 along the end faces of the projections 253 slide. Only after the moment during which they slide begins the final displacement of the tubular element 241 towards the socket 252, where the entry angle αEingr. Engagement of the projections 244 and 253 guaranteed to their full height.

When the initial displacement of the tubular member 241 to the socket 252 at the moment in which the claws 6 of the hammer 4 are not opposite the claws 7 of the anvil, so the Projections 244 are similar to projections 253 and are again engaged at angle Einr.

After this, the socket 252 slch begins together with the tubular To rotate element 241 and is moved along a helical line towards hammer 4. The work of the impact wrench is the same as the one above for the dle In Fig. 1 shown variant of the impact wrench has been described.

Above were different versions of the impact wrench mlt electric drive described.

It goes without saying that in the impact wrench according to the invention also a Pneumatic drive can be used, in this case the necessity there is no need to use a friction clutch.

Claims (25)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Impact wrench, in the body of which the following parts and assemblies used are: hammer and anvil, which are coaxial and movable to one another in the axial direction are arranged with a gap between them; Drive whose output shaft with is connected to the hammer mentioned, has soft claws, dle in the mentioned relative displacement engaging in the claws of the anvil to provide a torque to transfer to dlese; Spindle mlt device for fastening a socket wrench, wobel the spindle is connected to the anvil so as to be rotated gently with it; Device for the aforementioned relative axal displacement of the hammer and the anvil, to make engagement between their claws; Disengagement device between the claws of the hammer and anvil, d a d u r c h e k e n n n z e l c n e t that a device / 14 / for producing a preceding interaction between hammer / 4 / and anvil / 5 / before their claws / 6 and 7 / come into engagement, is provided which has two axially movable parts relative to one another / 15 and 16 /, of which the first part / 15 / in the hammer / 4 / and the second Part / 16 / in the anvil / 5 / seen from both these parts / 15 and 16 / elements are contained, dle elnander in the relative displacement of the parts touch, making preceding Interaction between hammer / 4 / and anvil / 5 / is produced, wobel the elements of the first part / 15 / and of the second part / 16 / under the same Angle in relation to the claws / 6 and 7 / of the hammer / 4 / and the anvil / 5 / are arranged, and thereby after the previous interaction between hammer and anvil their striking jaws engage while sle corresponding to each other are oriented. 2. Impact wrench according to claim 1, wherein the hammer consists of a driven part and elnom driving part is composed of which the driven part is arranged so that it is together with the driving part can rotate and move axially on the anvil, d a d u r c h £ 0 -k e n n z E i c h n e t that the first part / 15 / of the device / 14 / for manufacturing precedes Interaction between hammer and anvil the driven part / 17 / of the hammer contains, which dle output shaft / 9 / of the drive / 8 / comprises, wobel the free The end / 19 / of the shaft is inserted into an axial bore / 20 / of the anvil / 5 /. 3. Impact wrench according to claim 2, d a d u r o h g e -k e n n z It is clear that in the first part / 15 / of the device / 14 / the driven part / 17 / of the hammer with respect to its antrelbenden part / 18 / is cushioned and longitudinal grooves / 32 / with a rectangular cross-section, inserted into the flyweights / 31 / which are in the form of flat elongated elements with rectangular Cross-section are executed and in these grooves / 30 / through radlal to the output shaft / 9 / directed projections / 30 / of the driven part / 17 / of the hammer as well as at their ends, which are far from the anvil / 5 /, an inclined surface / 33 / have which interact with an inclined surface / 26 / of the driving Part / 18 / of the hammer stands, while the other, facing the anvil, faces itself Claws / 6 / of the hammer are located on which projections / 34 / with an inclined surface / 35 / are carried out, and the second part / 16 / of the device for producing the preceding Interaction between hammer and anvil in the form of a claw surface / 44 / which is located on the inside of the claws / 7 / of the anvil / 5 /, where the mentioned claw surface / 44 / and the inclined surface / 35 / of the projections of the claws of the hammer are the elements that interfere with each other when moving the first part / 15 / of the device / 14 / to touch the second part / 16 /, being on the output shaft / 9 / of the drive has a bushing / 37 / with a flange which is spring-loaded with respect to the anvil / 38 / is attached, which engages in cutouts / 36 / which are in the of the output shaft / 9 / of the drive facing sides of the flyweights are executed, whereby simultaneous Engagement of the claws / 6 / of the hammer / 4 / with the claws / 7 / of the anvil / 5 / is guaranteed. 4. Impact wrench according to claim 3, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e 1 c h n e t that the driving part / 18 / of the hammer on the the side facing the anvil has longitudinal projections / 27 /, dle in longitudinal grooves / 32 / of the driven part / 17 /, of the hammer / 4 / engage, on these projections / 27 / inclined surfaces / 26 / of the driving part / 18 / of the hammer. 5. Impact wrench according to claim 2, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that between the driving part / 18 / of the hammer and the first Part / 15 / of the device / 14 / a work is arranged, which is the first part / 15 / of the device / 14 / shifts in the axial direction to previous interaction between hammer and anvil in the direction of the second part / 16 / the device / 14 / to achieve. 6. Impact wrench according to claim 5, d a d u r c h g ek e n n z e 1 c h n e t that in the first part / 15 / of the device / 14 / the driven part / 17 / of the hammer with respect to its own driving part / 18 / and with a in the driven part / 17 / so inserted bush / 49 / is provided that the latter can be rotated together with him and moved axially relative to him, wobel is carried out on the bushing / 49 / claws / 6 / of the hammer and it is carried out on an axial displacement is prevented by spring-loaded locking bolts / 52 / which are inserted in radial openings / 50 / of the driven part / 17 / of the hammer is used, and that the ram / 55 / which are accommodated in radial openings / 54 / which are in the socket / 49 / against are carried out via the locking bolt / 52 /, during the second part / 16 / of the device / 14 / for producing the previous interaction between hammer and anvil the output shaft / 9 / of the drive comprehensive and Tubular element connected to the anvil / 5 / / 58 / with frontal projections / 59 / which are arranged between the claws of the anvil and the hammer, being the work which is the first part / 15 / of the device / 14 / for manufacturing previous interaction between hammer and anvil shifts, cylindrical Rods / 60 / which are parallel to the output shaft / 9 / in longitudinal grooves / 51 / of the driven Part / 17 / of the hammer are inserted and rest on conical surfaces / 57 and 56 /, those in the facing end faces of the driving part / 18 / and the Bush / 49 / are executed, wobel the frontal projections / 59 / of the tubular Elements / 58 / and plunger / 55 / of the bushing / 49 / dle are elements that are connected to each other when moving the first part / 15 / of the device / 14 / onto your second Part 16 / to get in touch. 7. Impact wrench according to claim 6, d a d u r c h; e -k e n n z e 1 c h n e t that device mentioned between the socket / 49 / and the anvil / 5 / dle / 13 / for releasing the engagement between the claws / 7 and 6 / of the anvil and the Hammer is arranged, which is designed in the form of a return spring, dle the tubular element / 58 / comprises and with its to an end the anvil / 5 / and the other end rests in an indentation / 62 /, dle in the end face of the bush / 49 / facing the anvil. 8. Impact wrench according to claim 5, d a d u r c h, e -k e n n z e 1 c h n e t that in the first part / 15 / of the device / 14 / the driven part / 17 / of the hammer are provided with radial bores / 66 / and spring-loaded balls / 67 / are located in these radial bores / 66 / and in an annular groove / 69 / of the driving part / 18 / of the hammer, which protrude opposite the radial bores / 66 / is carried out, and that part / 17 / also has spring-loaded locking bolts / 65 / that are housed in other radial bores / 71 / which are in the driven Part 17 / of the hammer are executed, and that the second part / 16 / of the device / 14 / to create a previous interaction between hammer and anvil on the anvil / 5 / located, annular projection / 77 / has which the output shaft / 9 / of the drive includes and frontal claws / 79 / which between the claws / 7 / of the anvil / 5 / and the spring-loaded locking bolt / 65 / of the driven one Part / 17 / of the hammer, whereby the spring-loaded locking bolts / 65 / and the end-face claws / 79 / are the elements which slide against each other of the first part / 15 / of the device / 14 / to touch its second part / 16 /, while the work, which is the first part / 15 / the device / 14 / to establish a preliminary interaction between hammer and anvil on their second part / 16 / to shifts, cylindrical rods / 82 / containing with a End on the driving part / 18 / of the hammer and with the other end on one The inclined surface / 76 / are carried out on the driven part / 17 / of the hammer is. 9. Impact wrench according to claim 5, d a d u! c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that in the first part / 15 / of the device / 14 / the driven part / 17 / of the hammer has an axial bore / 85 / into which an axially movable tubular element / 86 / is used, which the output shaft / 9 / of the drive includes, and that between this tubular element / 86 / and the driven Part / 17 / of the hammer itself a device / 12 / for the axial displacement of the driven Part / 17 / of the hammer is located towards the anvil to engage between its claws manufacture, the device having V-shaped grooves / 87 /, which are on the outer surface of the tubular part / 86 / are executed, V-shaped recesses / 88 /, which at the inner surface / 89 / of the applied part / 17 / of the hammer, and Balls / 90 / which are located in the V-shaped grooves / 87 / and recesses / 88 / are located, the V-shaped grooves / 87 / and depressions / 88 / in relation to the Claws / 6 / of the hammer at the same angle as the elements of the first part / 15 / of the device / 14 / for making the preceding interaction are arranged between the hammer and anvil. 10. Impact wrench according to claim 10, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z It is clear that the driven part / 17 / of the hammer has a spring-loaded locking bolt / 92 / which the tubular element / 86 / engages in the second Part / 16 / of the device / 14 / for producing prior interaction between Prevent the hammer and anvil, the tubular element on the one facing the anvil / 5 / End face end face projections / 96 / and on its other end face a conical surface / 98 / has, and that the second part / 16 / of the device / 14 / for manufacturing the preceding Interaction between hammer and anvil has an annular shape located on the anvil Projection / 99 / which includes the output shaft / 9 / and frontal claws / 100 / has that between the claws / 7 / of the anvil / 5 / and the locking bolt / 92 / are arranged during the work, which is the first part / 15 / of the device / 14 / to establish the previous interaction between hammer and anvil shifts, Balls / 101 / contains dle between the driving part / 18 / of the hammer and the Conical surface / 98 / of the tubular element / 86 / are arranged, the frontalgae Projection / 96 / of the tubular element and the locking bolts / 92 / and also the end claws / 100 / of the annular projection are the elements which each other when moving the first part / 15 / of the device / 14 / onto its second Part / 16 / to touch. 11. Impact wrench according to claim 9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e 9 c h n e t that the second part / 16 / of the device / 14 / for manufacturing preceding Interaction between hammer and anvil in the form of a longitudinally displaceable bush / 118 / is designed with frontal claws / 119 /, which in an axial bore of the anvil / 5 / is inserted, permanently pressed elastically in the direction of the hammer and has radial bores / 122 / and spring-loaded locking bolts / 125 /, which are used in dlese Radlalbohrungen / 122 /, and that the tubular element / 86 / frontal projections / 96 / has to come into contact with frontal claws / 119 / of the socket to come with the claws / 6 / of the hammer on the inside Have a beveled section / 12 // to lock with the locking bolts / 125 / in Interaction to occur while the work, which is the first part / 15 / of the device / 14 / moves to establish the previous interaction between hammer and anvil, Balls / 101 / contains, dle between the driving part / 18 / and the driven part Part / 17 / of the hammer are arranged. 12. Impact wrench according to claim 8 and 10, d d; a d u r c h g e k E n n z e 1 o h n e t that between the driven part / 17 / of the hammer and the anvil / 5 / the mentioned device / 13 / is arranged, soft for loosening the Engagement between the claws of the hammer and the anvil is used and in the form of a Return spring that drives the output shaft / 9 / of the drive includes, is executed. 13. Impact wrench according to claim 1, bel which the hammer from driving and driven part composed tsb, of which the driven part is so arranged is that it rotates together with the driving part and towards the anvil can shift, d a d u r c h e k e n n z e 1 c h -n e t that the driving force Part / 130 / of the hammer is designed in the form of a hollow cylinder, which the anvil / 5 / includes, with its ends in bearings / 132 and 133 /, which are fastened in the body / 1 / and has a radial bore / 139 / into which a spring-loaded locking bolt / 140 / is inserted, which holds the driven part of the hammer in place, whereby in this part opposite the locking bolt / 140 / a radial hole / 142 / with in her arranged plunger / 143 / is executed, which partially from the bore below the pressure of the mentioned locking bolt protrudes, as well as an axial bore / 146 / is provided in which the first part / 15 / of the device / 14 / for manufacturing prior interaction between hammer and anvil is built in, whereby this Part of an axially movable rod / 147 / with flange / 148 / at one end and with Longitudinal groove / 149 / in the plane that goes through the claws of the hammer on the other Rod end, which is facing the anvil, and a lever / 150 / consists of longitudinal of the rod / 147 / in its longitudinal groove / 149 / inserted and articulated is attached in the same center, while an arm / 152 / of the lever comes out of the radial bore / 142 / the driven part of the hammer protruding ram / 143 / touches in such a way that that seln other arm protrudes from the longitudinal groove of the rod and this arm one Projection / 153 / with beveled section / 154 / on the one facing the anvil Page has, and that the second part / 16 / of the device / 14 / is given in advance for manufacturing Interaction between hammer and anvil on the inside of the claws / 7 / of the anvil / 5 / and designed in the form of a spherical section / 157 / which has bevels / 158 /, the bevels / 154 and 158 / of the projection of the lever / 150 / or the convex section / 157 / of the claws of the anvil Elements are mutually interlocking when the first part of the device is displaced 14 to touch on its second part, and the work that makes up the first part / 15 / of the device / 14 / for producing prior interaction between the hammer and anvil to its second part / 16 / moved, swiveling flyweights / 159 / which is housed in the driving part / 130 / of the hammer and by his Rotation with a flange / 148 of the rod / 147 / interact while the device for axially displacing the driven part of the hammer around the To bring claws into engagement, in the form of a spring / 164 / is carried out between the flange / 148 / the rod / 147 / and the driven part / 131 / of the hammer is arranged, and the device for releasing the Elngrlffs between the claws between the flange / 148 / and the driving part / 130 / of the hammer is arranged and designed in the form of a return spring / 165 /. 14. Sohlagsohrauber according to claim 1, wherein the drive elnen electric motor contains, the rotor of which includes the stator, which sits on an immovable axis, dle is centered in axial bores of the anvil, while the hammer is from the driving Part, which is rigidly connected to the rotor, and in relation to the axial direction assembled on the mentioned part displaceable driven part, d a -d u r c h e k e n n z e l c h n e t that the first part / 15 / of the device / 14 / to establish a previous interaction between hammer and anvil axially movable bush / 178 / which is located between the immovable axis / 173 / and the driven part / 175 / beflndet and radial bores / 179 / with in of each of them inserted ball / 180 / and a flange / 181 / with conical surface / 182 /, which is facing the electric motor, and that the two @ e part / 16 / of the device for establishing prior interaction between hammer and Anvil is a tubular that is fastened in an axial bore / 190 / of the anvil / 5 / Element / 189 / with frontal projections / 191 / contains, these stinrs-side Projections / 191 / and the balls / 180 / dle elements are which each other by moving the first part / 15 / of the device / 14 / onto its second and driven part / 16 / to touch, as well as the driven part / 175 / des Hammer with its driving part / 174 / by spring-loaded locking bolts / 185 / is connected, which in radial bores / 184 / of the driving part opposite the Radial bores / 179 / of the bushing / 178 / are used and interact with each other the balls / 180 / over plungers / 186 /, which are in radial bores / 187 / of the driven Part / 175 / of the hammer is inserted while between the driving part / 174 / of the hammer and the conical surface / 182 / of the bush / 178 / eln work is which the first part / 15 / of the device / 14 / for manufacturing preceding Interaction between hammer and anvil to move its second part / 16 / and flyweights / 194 / contains, and that the device for axial displacement of the driven part of the hammer to bring the claws into engagement a spring / 195 / is executed between the flange / 181 / the socket and the driven part / 175 / of the hammer is arranged, while the device for Release of the engagement between the claws of the hammer and the anvil in the form of an elner Return spring / 196 / is carried out between the flange / 181 / of the bush and driving part / 174 / of the hammer is arranged. 15. Impact wrench according to claim 14, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e 1 c h n e t that he has a switch / 199 / to switch off of Electric motor before the engagement between the claws of the anvil and those of the hammer which is arranged in a bore / 198 / of the immovable axis / 173 / and interacts with the inside sloping edge of the socket / 178 /. 16. Impact wrench according to claim 1, wherein the anvil so on The spindle is attached so that it can be axially displaced in the direction of the hammer, in order to bring their claws into engagement, which is 6 "e k e n n n z e l c h n e t tthat the second part / 16 / of the device / 14 / for establishing the preceding interaction between hammer and anvil is designed in the form of a spring-loaded bush / 252 /, which is inserted into an axial bore / 250 / of the spindle / 10 / and with the anvil / 5 / is connected to be pushed together with him in the direction of the hammer, as well as frontal projections / 253 / which are executed on the surface, which the first part / 15 / of the device / 14 / for producing the previous interaction between hammer and anvil is facing, and that this first part / 15 / eln in the direction of the anvil / 5 / spring-loaded, tubular element / 242 / contains which is on the stern side Projections / 244 / has, in order to connect with the frontal projections of the socket / 252 / by moving the first part / 15 / of the device / 14 / onto its second part / 16 / to come into contact, and axially displaceable in an axial bore / 236 / of the hammer is used as well as in it for common rotation with the hammer by spring-loaded locking bolt / 233 / is held, which the axial displacement of the tubular element / 241 / in the direction of the anvil / 5 / before reaching a prevent certain rotational speed by the hammer, being between Spindol / 10 / and bushing / 252 / the device / 12 / for axial displacement of the anvil in Direction of the hammer is arranged to bring the claws into engagement, and this Device V-shaped grooves / 258 / on the outer side surface of the socket, V-shaped Contains depressions / 259 / on the inner surface of the flakes / 10 / and balls / 260 /, soft in the V-shaped grooves / 258 / and depressions / 259 / are used, where the tips of the V-shaped grooves / 258 / and depressions / 259 / at the same angle in relation to the claws / 7 / of the anvil / 5 / like the frontal projections / 253 / the socket / 252 / are arranged. 17. Impact wrench according to claim 16, d a d u r c h g e o k 9 n n z d l c h n e t the locking bolt / 245 / in radial holes / 237 / of the hammer used and in the form of centrifugal weights cushioned in the direction of the rotary axis of the hammer are executed, the ends of which in recesses / 245 / of the tubular element / 241 / engage, and that the socket / 252 / placed freely on an axis / 254 / which is located in an axial bore / 250 / of the spindle / 10 /, and a has an annular extension / 255 / on the outside, while the anvil has / 5 / radially inwardly directed projections / 246 /, which with the annular extension / 255 / the socket / 252 / interact, being in the spindle elongated openings / 248 / are carried out through which the projections / 246 / des Anvils are guided while the device for releasing the engagement between the claws of the hammer and the anvil in the form of a return spring / 251 / is which between the axis / 254 / and the inner ring-shaped extension / 262 / the socket is executed. 18. Impact wrench according to claim 17, which is not possible e 1 c h n e t that between radial projections / 247 / of the anvil / 5 / and bushing / 255 / a spring / 256 / is arranged. 19. Impact wrench according to claim 16, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e 1 c h n e t that the hammer contains a hollow cylinder / 263 / which runs along the axis of rotation of the hammer and embraces the anvil / 5 /, as well as an annular element / 264 / that is rigidly attached to the cylinder / 263 / and iauen / 6 / on its anvil / 5 / facing the end face, whereby the ends of the cylinder / 263 / in bearings / 265 / which are attached to the body. 20. Impact wrench according to claim 19, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e 1 c h n e t that the annular element / 264 / has radial bores / 267 / in which there are locking bolts / 238 / and an axial bore / 266 / into which the tubular element / 241 / is inserted, and that the socket / 252 / has a shaft / 268 / which is inserted in the axial bore / 250 / of the spindle / 10 /, and an annular shoulder / 269 / on the outer surface, while the lower saddle / 5 / ur axis of rotation of the hammer radially lying, annular projection / 270 / and has longitudinal projections / 274 /, with longitudinal grooves / 275 / running in the spindle / 10 / are, in which the longitudinal projections / 274 / of the anvil engage, while the device for releasing the engagement between the claws of the anvil and the Hammer is designed in the form of a return spring / 273 /, which is located between Shaft / 268 / and spindle / 10 /. 21. Impact wrench according to claim 20, d a d u r c h 0 e k e n n Z e 1 c h n e t that between the annular extension / 269 / the socket / 252 / and the annular projection / 270 / of the anvil / 5 / a spring / 271 / is arranged. 22. Impact wrench according to claim 16 ... 21, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e 1 c h n e t that the tubular e element / 241 / on its outside longitudinal grooves which are oriented with respect to its frontal projections, and also cylindrical rods / 2b6 / which are inserted into the longitudinal grooves and after externally pressed by a spring dle in a diametrical bore of the tubular Element / 264 / is inserted, and with the inside of the annular element are in contact, the angular length of the frontal projections / 244 / of the tubular element and the socket as well as the angular length of the claws of the Hammer and the anvil are chosen with so large that the engagement between the frontal projections of the tubular element and the socket at an angle takes place, which guarantees their intervention in full. 23. Impact wrench according to claim 1, d a d u r c h ;; y k e n n z e 1 c h n e t that the hammer is in several parts and contains a driving part, by a hollow cylinder standing along the body / 1 / and encompassing the anvil / 5 / / 204 /, the ends of which are in bearings / 207 / which are fixed in the body / 1 /, and is formed by an annular element / 205 / which is rigidly attached to the anvil / 5 / the distal end of the cylinder / 204 /, as well as a driven part / 206 / with claws / 6 / which is inserted in the cylinder / 204 / so that it is axial can be moved and rotated with it, and that the first part / 15 / of the device to produce the previous interaction between hammer and anvil the driven Part / 206 / of the hammer and a longitudinally displaceable element / 212 / contains, which in driven part / 206 / of the hammer is arranged and frontal projection / 214 / at the end facing the anvil and a shaft / 215 / at the other end, which is inserted into the bore of the annular element / 205 / of the hammer, as well as that a work is provided that the first part of the contraption to establish prior interaction between the hammer and anvil in the direction shifts its second part and contains grooves / 233 / which are between the driven part / 206 / of the hammer and the annular element / 205 / are located, wherein the device for axially sliding the driven part of the hammer towards the anvil to establish the interaction between the claws / 6 and 7 /, Balls / 233 / and V-shaped grooves / 231 / and recesses / 232 / that are in the tubular Element / 212 / or in the driven part / 206 / of the hammer are, whereby the tips of the V-shaped grooves / 231 / and depressions / 232 / in relation on the claws / 6 / of the hammer at the same angle wle the frontal projections of the tubular element, while the second part / 16 / of the device 14 to produce a previous interaction between hammer and anvil an axially displaceable one Rod / 219 / with frontal projections / 220 / containing the tubular element / 212 / facing with the rod in an axial bore / 221 / the spindle / 10 / inserted, cushioned in the direction of the tubular element / 212 / and with the spindle / 10 / is connected to rotate together with it, while spring-loaded locking bolts / 227 /, which are inserted in the dimetral hole / 226 / of the rod / 219 / and the axial displacement of the rod, ram / 225 /, soft in the radial bores of the anvil / 5 / opposite the locking bolt / 227 / used slnd, and bevels / 229 / on the inside of the claws / 6 / of the hammer are provided for interaction with the plungers / 225 /, the frontal projections / 214 and 220 / of the tubular element or of the rod are elements which are mutually exclusive when moving the first part / 15 / the device / 14 / onto its second part / 16 / to touch, and the device for releasing the engagement between the claws of the hammer and the anvil is designed in the form of a return spring / 218 /, that between the shaft / 215 / of the tubular element / 212 / and the annular Element / 205 / of the hammer is inserted. 24. Impact wrench according to claim 23, d a d u r c h 6 e k e n n z It is clear that the rod / 219 / has an elongated opening / 224 / into the pin / 223 /, which is fastened in the spindle, is inserted. 25. Impact wrench according to claim 2 ... 13, 16 ... 23, d a -d u r c h G e k e n n z e 1 c h n e t that the driving part of the hammer with the output shaft / 9 / of the drive is connected by a friction clutch / 21 /. L e r s e i t e