DE2412452C3 - Verfahren zum Entfernen von ölen, Lösungsmitteln und Lackstoffen aus Abwasser - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Entfernen von ölen, Lösungsmitteln und Lackstoffen aus AbwasserInfo
- Publication number
- DE2412452C3 DE2412452C3 DE2412452A DE2412452A DE2412452C3 DE 2412452 C3 DE2412452 C3 DE 2412452C3 DE 2412452 A DE2412452 A DE 2412452A DE 2412452 A DE2412452 A DE 2412452A DE 2412452 C3 DE2412452 C3 DE 2412452C3
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- water
- wastewater
- oil
- solvents
- flocculants
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004712 monophosphates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004103 aminoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 41
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 7
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical class [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007592 spray painting technique Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010051788 Sticky skin Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920004935 Trevira® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006177 alkyl benzyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006320 anionic starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003385 bacteriostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013804 distarch phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007590 electrostatic spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013807 monostarch phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940112041 peripherally acting muscle relaxants other quaternary ammonium compound in atc Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005496 phosphonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000962 poly(amidoamine) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyarcylates Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N protonated dimethyl amine Natural products CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010913 used oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/04—Breaking emulsions
- B01D17/047—Breaking emulsions with separation aids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5263—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using natural chemical compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/71—Paint detackifiers or coagulants, e.g. for the treatment of oversprays in paint spraying installations
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2412452A DE2412452C3 (de) | 1974-03-15 | 1974-03-15 | Verfahren zum Entfernen von ölen, Lösungsmitteln und Lackstoffen aus Abwasser |
| IT7519474A IT1031062B (it) | 1974-03-15 | 1975-01-21 | Processo per eliminare oi solventi e sostanze di vermicia tura dalle acque di rifiuto |
| AT191075A AT340838B (de) | 1974-03-15 | 1975-03-12 | Verfahren zum entfernen von olen, losungsmitteln, lacken oder losungsmittelhaltigen lacken aus abwasser |
| CH315775A CH598141A5 (US07601507-20091013-C00023.png) | 1974-03-15 | 1975-03-12 | |
| FR7507824A FR2263982B1 (US07601507-20091013-C00023.png) | 1974-03-15 | 1975-03-13 | |
| BE154351A BE826707A (fr) | 1974-03-15 | 1975-03-14 | Procede pour eliminer dans les eaux residuaires des huiles, des solvants et des matieres laqueuses |
| NL7503090A NL7503090A (nl) | 1974-03-15 | 1975-03-14 | Werkwijze ter verwijdering van olien, oplos- middelen en lakmaterialen uit afvalwater. |
| GB11026/75A GB1509042A (en) | 1974-03-15 | 1975-03-17 | Treatment of waste waters to remove oils solvent and paints |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2412452A DE2412452C3 (de) | 1974-03-15 | 1974-03-15 | Verfahren zum Entfernen von ölen, Lösungsmitteln und Lackstoffen aus Abwasser |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2412452A1 DE2412452A1 (de) | 1975-09-18 |
| DE2412452B2 DE2412452B2 (de) | 1980-04-30 |
| DE2412452C3 true DE2412452C3 (de) | 1981-01-08 |
Family
ID=5910158
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2412452A Expired DE2412452C3 (de) | 1974-03-15 | 1974-03-15 | Verfahren zum Entfernen von ölen, Lösungsmitteln und Lackstoffen aus Abwasser |
Country Status (8)
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4388150A (en) | 1980-05-28 | 1983-06-14 | Eka Aktiebolag | Papermaking and products made thereby |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2552014A1 (de) * | 1975-11-20 | 1977-05-26 | Basf Ag | Mischungen auf der basis von polyacrylamiden mit wasserloeslichen, harzartigen amino-kondensationsprodukten |
| DE2808703C2 (de) * | 1978-03-01 | 1980-03-13 | Dieter J. Dipl.-Chem. 2081 Boenningstedt Becker | Verfahren zur Abwasserreinigung unter Rückgewinnung der Fett- und Eiweißstoffe in wiederverwendbarer Form |
| FR2445299A1 (fr) * | 1978-12-28 | 1980-07-25 | Rhone Poulenc Ind | Adjuvant de floculation pour la purification des eaux et composition renfermant ledit adjuvant |
| DE3247431A1 (de) * | 1982-12-22 | 1984-06-28 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | Verfahren zur regenerierung bzw. zum recycling von waessrigen entfettungs- und reinigungsloesungen |
| DE3316878A1 (de) * | 1983-05-07 | 1984-11-08 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | Verwendung fluessiger neutraler einkomponenten-koagulierungsmittel zur koagulierung von lacken und beschichtungsmitteln |
| DE3412763A1 (de) * | 1984-04-05 | 1985-10-17 | Henkel Kgaa | Mittel zur koagulierung von lacken, wachsen und beschichtungsmitteln |
| FR2601941B1 (fr) * | 1986-07-24 | 1989-10-13 | Realisations Tech Indles | Produit et procede pour le traitement et l'epuration des eaux industrielles contenant des cations |
| US4715962A (en) * | 1986-08-15 | 1987-12-29 | Nalco Chemical Company | Ampholytic diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride (DADMAC) copolymers and terpolymers for water clarification |
| DE3731513A1 (de) * | 1987-09-18 | 1989-03-30 | Pfleiderer Fa G A | Verfahren zur reinigung von abwaessern |
| US5023012A (en) * | 1988-10-04 | 1991-06-11 | Pieter Walter William Buchan | Purification of water |
| DE4120211A1 (de) * | 1991-06-19 | 1992-12-24 | Passavant Werke | Verfahren zum nachbehandeln von in einem koaleszenz- oder adsorptions-koaleszenz-abscheider vorgereinigten abwaessern |
| DE19722750C2 (de) | 1997-05-30 | 2001-07-19 | Rwe Dea Ag | Verwendung einer Zusammensetzung als Lackentklebungs- und Sedimentationsmittel |
| US6673263B2 (en) * | 2001-07-26 | 2004-01-06 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Compositions incorporating chitosan for paint detackification |
| WO2008094872A2 (en) | 2007-01-29 | 2008-08-07 | Atotech Deutschland Gmbh | Microbial degradation of water-borne paint containing high levels of organic solvent |
| US11124711B2 (en) | 2017-05-09 | 2021-09-21 | Baker Hughes Holdings Llc | Demulsifier or water clarifier activity modifiers |
-
1974
- 1974-03-15 DE DE2412452A patent/DE2412452C3/de not_active Expired
-
1975
- 1975-01-21 IT IT7519474A patent/IT1031062B/it active
- 1975-03-12 AT AT191075A patent/AT340838B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-03-12 CH CH315775A patent/CH598141A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-03-13 FR FR7507824A patent/FR2263982B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1975-03-14 NL NL7503090A patent/NL7503090A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1975-03-14 BE BE154351A patent/BE826707A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-03-17 GB GB11026/75A patent/GB1509042A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4388150A (en) | 1980-05-28 | 1983-06-14 | Eka Aktiebolag | Papermaking and products made thereby |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2263982B1 (US07601507-20091013-C00023.png) | 1978-06-30 |
| GB1509042A (en) | 1978-04-26 |
| DE2412452A1 (de) | 1975-09-18 |
| ATA191075A (de) | 1977-04-15 |
| CH598141A5 (US07601507-20091013-C00023.png) | 1978-04-28 |
| NL7503090A (nl) | 1975-09-17 |
| DE2412452B2 (de) | 1980-04-30 |
| FR2263982A1 (US07601507-20091013-C00023.png) | 1975-10-10 |
| IT1031062B (it) | 1979-04-30 |
| AT340838B (de) | 1978-01-10 |
| BE826707A (fr) | 1975-06-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |