DE2223457A1 - SKELETON FOR BUILDINGS OF ALL KINDS - Google Patents

Description

Skeleton for buildings of all kinds.

The invention relates to a with walls, door panels, windows and the like. Filled skeleton for buildings of all kinds with metallic, especially square ones Columns and preferably a base made of profiled beams anchored in the foundation as well as perpendicularly protruding from the surfaces of the columns at their upper ends Knot pieces to which horizontal profiled beams are attached to the side. The well-known skeletons are designed for easy and uncomplicated assembly, in which every component has to be exchangeable at every point and some are uncomplicated Allow expansion with simple and secure connections. For this purpose, the known Skeleton columns of star-shaped cross-section are used, i.e. those with polygonal Base body and flanges running along the corners, on which the horizontal Brackets are easy to attach; the flanges also form the grid fields of the skeleton.

The attachment of the known skeletons requires special effort the filler pieces for the fields between the pillars, i.e. the walls, the door fields, the window fields and the like Elaborate connectors had to be used for this to be provided.

The invention is based on the object to the advantage of the known Skeletons that could easily be attached to the horizontal girders, add the advantage that you can make the fields between the pillars with walls, door fields and the like can be filled out in the simplest and most uncomplicated manner and that work can be entrusted quickly to semi-skilled work that is not special craftsmanship and no in-depth knowledge of measuring and customizing need to have. At the same time, the Qialutät of the with the measures according to the invention Skeleton improved by eliminating thermal bridges and at the junctions excellent tightness is achieved between the pillars and the field fillings will.

The invention consists in that in the longitudinal center of the surfaces of the Columns inwardly developed flanges form the walls of grooves in which filler pieces are taken, after which the knot pieces, the profiled horizontal girders and, if necessary, the base and the walls, door panels, windows, etc. aligned are. Thanks to the precision with which the columns, especially the grooves, are made can be and with the list of the pillars, the location and the stop for the fields ind for the other elements of the Ske] .etts nrazise are specified, can be assembled with the pillars by a semi-skilled person without much effort will.

The columns can be made with a completely closed box profile but they can also be put together from shells and are therefore characterized in that at least one of the shells is an angle, the edges of which are closed Flanges are developed, each forming one wall of an open groove and which at a distance of the width of the groove is opposite a flange from the edge another shell is angled. In other embodiments, one is Column composed of two identical shells, which are essentially a cross section of U-profile, from the edges of which flanges are unwound that connect with each other Distance from Nutenbnaite opposite and open grooves and in their surfaces closed central longitudinal grooves are formed.

It can also be used as an angle with cattle angled towards the flanges formed shell are assigned a shell, the two abutting one another Contains surfaces with closed grooves, while the two oppose these surfaces lying surfaces with the surfaces of the column formed as an angle together the the other two pillar surfaces and two open grooves.

Knot pieces and base beams according to the invention are preferably obtained the cross-section of the angle profile of the shell. There can be two sections of that Angle profile as a node on both sides of the groove at the upper end of the surface of a Columns must be fastened in such a way that they form a gap that continues the groove that in the gap of the web of a horizontal beam received and fastened is.

The filling strips are preferably driven into the grooves of the columns in such a way that that they protrude from the surfaces of the pillars.

They then form an excellent stop, against which others complement one another Elements of the skeleton structure can be created.

The filling strips are preferably made of a hard and cold-resistant material and made of a material that insulates against moisture.

Hard rubber is particularly suitable for this.

To make assembly easier, the filling strips have grooves for countersinking of screw heads that secure the screw connection to walls, door panels, windows or facilitate their holding elements.

According to the invention, the base bars consist of a section which of the profile of an angle of a column shell and at the foot of the column against a pillar surface is posted and fastened there and consists of two beams of Z-profile, which lie on the foundation from column base to column base, attached to the angle profile stand up to the foundation with a snail of their profile and with the others Legs form the walls of an open groove in which a filler bar of the same Kind is taken, as contained in the filling strips of the grooves of the column walls is.

It may be useful to continue within over the length of the base To distribute sections of the angle profile according to the invention as a hold and support, which are anchored in the foundation and connected to the Z-profiles of the base with screws are.

Also as knot pieces, pairs of sections can be used as a shell used angle profile posted on both sides of the filler piece and found on the ' attached to the column and with their stand up on the pillar surface Legs form a groove into which the web or the flange or flanges of the Profiles of a horizontal beam are added and attached. In other cases Pairs of sections of a commercially available angle profile can be used as junction pieces so attached to the face of the column that the distance is the inside of their upstanding flanges equal to the width of the groove in the pillar surface is that pairs of horizontal beams with the back of their web on the inside of the upright Flanged and attached to the filler strips of the groove, it is recommended after the invention to hit a filler bar in the gap between the horizontals. This prevents the formation of cold bridges and dirty water.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing. There are FIGS. 1a-1b exemplary embodiments for the column profile according to the invention; Figure 2a and 2b a column fuse with attachment, seen from the front and from above; figure 3 shows a section through a base beacon on which a wall stands; Figure 4 two Columns with a window field or a wall field, seen from above, cut shown; FIG. 5 shows a column with three horizontals and connected thereto a wall panel, seen from below, shown in section; Figure 6 is a section by a horizontal beam with a junction piece; Figure 7 shows the top of a column seen from the side with a horizontal beam in view and Figure 8 the corner column of a building with horizontal beams and base beacons.

The column 1 in Figure 1a has a closed box profile.

Your wall surfaces 2 contain closed grooves in the longitudinal center 3, the walls 4 and bottom 5 of which are integral with the material of the wall surface 2.

In Figure 1b, a column is shown in section, which consists of a 3/4 shell 6 and a 1/4 shell 7 is assembled. The wall surfaces 2 contain the 3/4 shell closed grooves 3.

The free edges of the 3/4 shell 6 and the edges of the 1/4 shell 7 are angled to flanges 8, which are opposite to each other at the same distance, how the walls 4 of the grooves 5 and the grooves 9 open to one another form.

FIG. 1c shows two 1/2 shells 7 which, in addition to the figures la and ib form a column, which in their wall surfaces ## lie opposite one another two closed grooves 3 and two open grooves 9 contains.

In Figure 1d, which corresponds essentially to Figure 1b, is a Column shown, which also consists of a 3/4 and a 1/4 shell, wherein only the opposite of the main shell, the 3/4 shell and the 1/4 shell in FIG. 1b is the complementary shell. The 1/4 shell 7 can be broken down into small sections, As a junction piece both for fastening the base beams and for fastening of the upper horizontal beacons can be used. Essentially the 1/4 shell Angle profile. The edges of the shell legs 11 are angled to form flanges 8.

Sections 7a of the 1/4 shell 7 can be seen in FIGS. 2s and 2b as knots when anchoring a column 1 in the foundation the Anchor bolts are denoted by 12, with the bolts 13 the column 1 receives a firm hold on the legs 11 of the knot pieces.

The base beacons 14 are also attached to the node pieces 7 as can be seen in Figure 3. The base beams 14 extend from column to column and are there fastened by means of screws 15 to the horizontal leg 8 of the junction piece 7a. The base beams 14 have a Z-shaped cross section and thus a web 16, a wide, downwardly directed flange 17 and a narrower, upright flange 18. Two base bars are placed on the junction 7a that their upwards directed narrow flanges 18 opposite one another and together form an open Form groove 19 into which a filler bar (not shown is hit on the the wall parts 20/21 (which are slightly drawn out in the drawing) are hinged and screwed will.

Where necessary, the base beams 14 are distributed over their length and attached to the foundation with further knot pieces 6a, so that the same picture as in Figure 3, but the screws 13 are omitted.

When the building is being completed, it proves to be expedient to fill the floor on the foundation up to the height of the footbridge 1 of the base beacons.

Of the two columns 1 in FIG. 4, the one shown above is made up of two 1/2 shells 10 and the lower one composed of a 3/4 shell 6 and a 1/4 shell. In both cases, open grooves 9 are formed in the filling strips 23 made of hard rubber are taken. The filling strips protrude a little from the groove and the wall surface the column out, so that one ar * -dere Parts of the structure can strike. The execution of the column according to Figure 1c is for columns that are used for Half outward and the other half inward, while pillars protrude according to Fig.

1b can be used on the corners of the building. That way becomes a perfect insulation guaranteed. For this purpose there is a Shaped longitudinal groove 24, which in the example receives the head of a wood screw 25, are held with the wall parts 21, 20 which are attached to the bar 23 at the side are. The column 26 created by the hitting of the wall parts 20 and 21 on the two Side surfaces of the filler bar 23 can be covered with a heat-insulating plastic be filled out, which you can fill in there, for example in the form of granules can.

A double pane 27 can be seen in the middle part of FIG. those on the filling strips 23 in the mutually opposite grooves 9 of the two columns 1 is posted and is held in this position by retaining strips 28, which are fastened to the columns 1 with screws 29. The Double panes 27 secured with putty 30.

In Figure 5 can again be seen how a wall consisting of the Wall parts 20 and 21 on a filler bar 23 in one of the grooves 9 of a column 1 posted and is attached.

The column 1 is shown cut in the height of the node pieces 7a, which correspond to the node pieces 7a in Figure 3, but here for fastening a Serve horizontal beam on the column. The horizontal beam 30 has an I-profile, whose web 33 is longitudinally cut in FIG. 5 and against di out of the groove 3 in the wall surface 2 of the 1/2 shell 10 of the column protruding filler bar 32 abuts.

A leg 11 of each node 7 a is with screws 13 on the Wall surface 3 of the column 1 attached and the other screw 11a of the knot pieces 7a is connected to the web 31 of the horizontal beam by means of screws 13a. at this embodiment is the position in which the horizontal support 31 is opposite the column is held by the gensu that the gap between the two Legs 11a of the node 7a, in which the web 33 is held, by striking laterally on the filler bar 32 according to position and width is precisely determined.

In the lower part of Fig. 5 is shown how two horizontal beams 34 of U-shaped cross-section with the help of node pieces 35, the sections of Commercially available angle iron are to be attached to a column 1. The knot pieces 35 are fastened to the wall surface 2 of the column 1 with the aid of screws 13. Her Legs, 36 have together with the interposed plate 37 made of hard rubber or The like. A thickness that is the total of the width of the groove 9 in the wall surface 2 of the column is equivalent to.

The two U-shaped horizontal beams 34 are with their back 38 posted to the inside of the flanges 36 so that between the back 38 there is a gap which has the same width as the groove 9 in the wall surface 2 of the pillar. In this splat, in turn, a filler bar 23 is hammered, which can serve to strengthen the wall field, a door field or a window field.

Figure 6 is a vertical section through a horizontal beam 7, whose The web 33 is fastened to the node pieces 7 with screws 13a. The attachment on a pillar is similar to how the one on the left side of the column 1 according to Figure 5.

FIG. 7 shows a section along the line 7-7 of FIG. 5.

On the real side wall 2 of the column 1 in Fig. 7 is a horizontal beam 31 screwed to the web 33 by means of knot pieces 11a. In the gap between the back. 38 of the U-shaped Hroizontalträger 34 is along the bottom Filling list 23 struck.

With reference to Fig. 8 can be seen most clearly how by the impact of filling strips 23 in the grooves 9, 19 of the horizontal 34 or the columns 1 and the Base beam 14 frame-like stops for the fields to be used there come. The filling strips 23 are only shown in fragments.

With all versions there is a safe insulation between the interior and the outdoors through the interposition of the filler pieces and the use of two U-shaped support for the outer walls and the double-shell columns ensured.

Both the column in the form of a closed box profile and the column composed of two shells can, according to the invention, be used to increase the strength can be filled with concrete or a corresponding material. In Fig. 8, the filling of the column is indicated by dotted lines and the reference number 35 provided. In addition to increasing strength, fire resistance is also achieved at the same time guaranteed, and thus the possibility of bracing skeletons according to the Invention opened over several floors.

Claims (17)

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e: 1.) With walls, door panels, windows and the like: filled skeleton for buildings of all kinds with metallic, in particular square pillars, preferably with a base anchored in the foundation profiled beams and with perpendicular from the faces of the columns at their upper End protruding node pieces, on which laterally horizontal profiled beams are posted so that they are in the middle of the length of the surfaces (2) of the columns (1) inwardly angled flanges (8) the walls of Form grooves (3, 9) into which filler pieces (23) are driven, after which the node pieces (7a, 35), the base beams (14), the profiled horizontal beams (31, 34) and the walls (21, 20), door panels, windows (27), etc. are aligned. 2.) skeleton according to claim 1, characterized in that the column is designed in the form of a closed box profile. 3.) skeleton according to claim 1, characterized in that the column is composed of two shells. 4.) Skeleton according to claim 3 with columns assembled from shells, d a d u r c h e k n n z e i c h -n e t that at least one of the shells is an angle (7), the edges of which are angled to form flanges (8), each of which is a wall Form an open groove (9) and a flange (8) for those spaced apart by the width of the groove opposite, which is angled from the edge of another shell (6, 7, 10). 5.) Skeleton according to claim 3 with columns assembled from shells, d a d u r c h e k e n n z e i c h -n e t that a column (1) consists of two identical Shells (10) is composed of essentially a cross-section of U-profile have, from the edges of which flanges (8) are angled, which are spaced from each other of groove width (9), and in their back closed central longitudinal grooves (3) are trained. 6.) skeleton according to claims 1, 3 and 4, d a d u r c b g e k e n n n z e i n e t that one as an angle (7) with to flanges (8) angled Edges formed shell is assigned a shell (6), the two against each other contains butting surfaces (2) with closed grooves (3), while the two these Areas against overlying areas with the areas of the formed as an angle Column together form the two other column surfaces (2) and two open grooves (9). 7.) Skeleton according to claims 1 and 4, g e 1- e n n -z z e i o h n e t d u r c h node pieces (7a) for horizontal beams (31, 34) and base beams (14), the cross-section of which has the profile of the angle (7) of the shell. 8.) skeleton according to claim 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that two sections of the profile of the angle (7) as node pieces (7a) on both sides of the groove (3, 9) at the upper end of the surface (2) of a column (1) so are attached so that they form a gap that continues the groove and in which, the Web (33) of a horizontal beam (31) is received and fastened. 9.) Skeleton according to claims 1-8, d a d u r c h g e k e n-n z e i c h n e t that punched into the grooves (3,9) of the pillars Ftilleisten (23) which protrude from the surfaces (2) of the pillars (1). 10.) skeleton according to claim 9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c 1z n e t that the filling strips (23) are made of hard and resistant to the cold and moisture insulating material. 11.) skeleton according to claim 9, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n -z e i c n e t that the filling strips (23) are made of hard rubber. 12.) Skeleton according to claims 1 - 9, d a d u r c h g e k e n.n shows that the filling strips (23) have grooves (24) for countersinking screw heads included that of the screw connection with walls (20, 21), door panels, windows or whose holding elements are used. 13.) skeleton according to claims 1, 4 and 9, d a d u r c h g e k It is noted that the node pieces for the base beam (14) consist of one Section exist which has the profile of an angle (7) of a column shell and posted at the foot of the column (1) against a column surface (2) and fastened there is and that two beams from the Z-profile which are on the foundation from column base to column lie on the-. Angle profile attached. are, with a flange (17) of their profile Stand on the foundation and with the other flanges (18) the walls of an open one Groove (19), which is driven into a filler bar (23) of the same type as in the grooves (3, 9) in the column walls (2 is included. 14.) skeleton according to claim 1-6 and 9-12, d a d u r c h g e k It is noted that as a node piece (7a) pairs of sections of one as Shell used angle profile (7) posted on both sides of the filler piece (23) and are attached to the wall (2) of the column and with their on the column surface upstanding legs form a groove in which the web (33) or the flange or the back (38) of the profile of a Horizontal support (31, 34) added and is attached. 15.) Skeleton according to claims 1-6 and 9-12 - d a d u r c h g e n e n z e 1 c h n e t that as a node piece (37) pairs of sections a commercially available angle profile so attached to the surface (2) of the column (1) are that the distance between the inside of their upstanding legs (36) is equal to the Width of the groove (3, 9) in the column surface (2) is that pairs of horizontal beams (34) with the back of its web on the inside of the upright legs and are attached to the filling strips (23) of the groove. 16.) skeleton according to claim 14, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c Note that there is a filler bar in the gap between the horizontal beams (34) (23) is hit. 17.) Skeleton according to one or more of the preceding claims, d u r c h e k e k e n n z e i c h -n e t that the column with concrete or a corresponding fire-resistant material providing the same strength it. L e r s e i t e