DE2128609A1 - Reinforced shuttering sheet for concrete shuttering - Google Patents

Description

SYHONS CX) EPOEATIOIi, Des Piaines, State of Illinois (V.St.A.)

Reinforced formwork sheet for concrete formwork

The invention relates to a novel shuttering panel which, together with similar panels to build up a formwork for concrete walls, whereby the shuttering panel is provided with an improved reinforcement for their plywood paneling, so that a Wix ⁴ ksamere support the plywood panel against buckling outwards takes place as previously, while at the same time predetermined weight limits are not exceeded. The invention is concerned in particular with the design and use of prefabricated formwork panels for concrete formwork of the type known from US Pat. No. 2,997,769 flat, rectangular plywood cladding, the sand of which is completely enclosed by a right-angled steel reinforcement frame, which consists of vertical and horizontal bailments and with a vertical edge

H10

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stood from each other "horizontally running cross members between the vertical frame parts. Such a shuttering panel can be used in the manufacture of a concrete shuttering so that its edges adjoin the E & nuea of similar shuttering panels so that all the plywood cladding lies in a common plane, whereby wet concrete can be poured against the continuously uninterrupted wall support surface, which is supported by the plywood cladding of the It should be noted that the row of Sehalungsplatte forms one side of the entire Beöoawandform, and that this form has another similar upright side, which is generally spaced from the first side, v / above the two Sedfan the form is horizontal - 2ugstaagen are kept at a distance across the 3wiseSi © iii? Aisi Mtischen. run along the sides and at the ifeitea dxwoh at their ends provided S-Sfiüek-

are connected.

In order to support the accessories used in the infra-red type of support plates, slots are provided in the vertical and C7a & gs ^ 3ch.t; en baby parts dös Yerstüi ⁵ = · kuagsraliaeBS φΐοτ ^ running and® slots, with these slots at a distance iron about 30 square meters are required »Most of the accessories used are designed in such a way that they interact with these slots, and these accessories include, for example, the aforementioned T-piece-wedge connectors, which are used for the opposite side edges of the Clamp the panels together and connect the panels to the ends of the tie rods. For large-format concrete wall formwork

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panels, it is imperative that the middle sections of the plywood cladding against an outward bulging under the influence of the considerable outward pressure of the cast damp concrete are secured, and for this purpose the above-mentioned cross members are provided, which the right-angled Reinforcement frames in a number of right-angled and in their lengthwise extension transverse to the Subdivide the panels along the openings To keep their spacing as close as possible to $ 0.5 cm, the cross members of each shuttering panel are arranged transversely to the reinforcement frame that they are slightly above or slightly below the levels of the slots in the vertical frame parts get lost. To allow interchangeability of the ends of each plate, all of them are placed on one Side of a central horizontal plane located cross member above the plane of the adjacent slots arranged in the vertical frame parts, while those arranged on the other side of this plane Cross member slightly below the level of the adjacent slots in the vertical frame parts to be ordered. This will reveal a central or central enclosed opening formed, which has a greater height than the other openings · The crossbeams of concrete shuttering panels of the type in question here are usually in the form of L-shaped cross-sections Elbows, with one leg of each cross member running vertically and level after installation rests against the outer surface of the plywood cladding. Through this course of the various vertically arranged cross member legs, the height of the

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The closed openings between the various cross members of the rectangular reinforcement frame of the plate were further modified. If the vertical legs of the crossbeams point in the same direction, the height of the openings between adjacent crossbeams is reduced. If the legs point away from one another in opposite directions, the height of the openings is increased.

In consideration of the arrangement of the horizontal cross-w carrier of the present concrete form panels will be appreciated that these transverse beams are arranged such that the same cross-member distance is obtained, whereby the various openings between adjacent transverse beams have substantially the same shape or surface, without having to forego the ability to rotate the plates. For this purpose, the crossbeams of the reinforcement frame of the concrete shuttering panel are made of balanced Z-shaped steel material instead of the L-shaped or angle piece steel material, the Z-shaped material having a more favorable structure. All of the cross members are aligned in the same way with respect to the legs resting on the outer surface of the plywood cladding, these legs pointing upwards from the gantry webs of the cross members. This has the additional advantage that the legs of the crossbeams removed from the plywood cladding point downward, allowing loose concrete to run off that could collect on the webs of the crossbeams during the construction of the improved panel.

In the case of the known formwork panels, the

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The plywood cladding without exception is a five-layer Layer structure, with the thickness of the individual layers the same and the total thickness of the cladding is about 12.5 mm, so that the individual layers are each 2.5 mm thick · That from the manufacturer for subsequent installation in the rectangular steel reinforcement frame The different layers of plywood made have a grain structure that alternates at right angles is directed in different directions, so that the outer or surface layers and the middle layers are the same Have the course of the grain. It can be seen that plywood cladding of this type only due to the numerical superiority in one direction a greater flexural strength than in the has another direction · In fact, it is the case that when bending loads are exerted over a given Length only those layers are to be considered with regard to the load bearing, the fibers of which are longitudinal to the The cross-layers run di ^ across to the Fibers are stressed, cannot make a significant contribution to the resistance against deflection. These considerations can also be helped by the fact that the plywood cladding is a concrete formwork panel is supported on all four hands or edges, cannot be changed significantly because the The reinforcement applied to the edges or edges is only effective in the immediate vicinity of the frame parts For these reasons, and for the greatest possible savings Against outward bulging or bending, it is common practice to trim the plywood so cut and use in the right-angled frame of the known formwork panels that the predominant grain flow in the plywood layers

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in the direction of the shortest span of each enclosed Opening in the right-angled reinforcement frame the plate runs · This fact must be taken into account in the following B-considerations regarding the deflection of the plywood cladding over each opening in the frame of a standard shuttering panel will. A deflection occurs naturally under the pressure of the damp concrete and the deflection leads to a "pillow" or "Sfcepp" effect, which is reflected in the finished concrete wall after the Removal of the formwork panels shows

Theoretical considerations have shown that the maximum deflection of a beam under load over a given span, i.e. the deflection in the middle by the equation

= KxVx

is given, where ^ 2S. is the maximum deflection, K is a constant dependent on the span, W is the load per unit length, L is the length between the supports, E is the modulus of elasticity of the beam and I is the moment of inertia changes the fourth power of the span, so that any reduction in the span, no matter how small, causes a considerable reduction in the size of the beam deflection.

From the considerations made above regarding the plywood construction it can be seen that at Use of the above mentioned Z-shaped cross members

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and their uniform spacing between the various openings located between adjacent cross members according to the invention have been equalized in size, so that the large central opening in which the Plywood deflection reached a maximum, avoided will. In addition, according to the invention, the use of a number of vertically equidistant mutually extending "stiffening beams" proposed that the plate from the lower horizontal Fully span the frame part up to the upper horizontal frame part, with the various Cut the cross member and adjoin the outside of the SpsrrholEverdeck and thus ^ ede between Adjacent cross members included opening in narrower openings of relatively the same Divide size. These vertical stiffening beams have the advantage of running transversely The grain of the plywood cladding and reduce the bulging or sagging that is common occurs in every space between adjacent cross members, even if those in the cross members bending itself is only very slight. Since these vertical stiffeners in the run in the same direction as the predominant grain of the plywood cladding, and there the Factor "L" in the above equation is decreased, there will be a significant decrease in local deflection of the plywood cladding is achieved within the confines of a given panel, and the undesirable "quilting" effect mentioned above in the side surfaces the finished concrete wall is kept in negligible, unrecognizable orders of magnitude. As a result, it should be noted that an extremely rigid

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Framework of lattice-like construction is created, compared to many known for the same Purpose, namely to protect the plywood cladding against bulging, the proposed shuttering panels result in a lower increase in weight, but the weight of the plate is still within such limits that it can be used by the worker when building a Formwork is easy to handle

The object of the present invention is therefore "to create a concrete shuttering panel of the type shown above.

According to the invention, one along its vertical edges with other formwork panels is used for this purpose butt jointly connectable formwork panel for the production of formwork for concrete walls proposed which has a rectangular plywood cladding and has a rectangular frame consisting of vertical and horizontal frame parts, wherein in the vertical frame parts arranged vertically at the same distance from one another opposite pairs of slots for receiving connections elements are provided, and which is characterized in that a number of in the horizontal direction transversely extending the plywood cladding reinforcing cross members is provided, the ends of which the vertical frame members are attached, with for each pair of opposing slots a cross member is provided and each cross member a horizontally projecting ridge that is perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the associated pair of slots

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offset by a small distance, and a flat, vertical inner one on the plywood cladding has adjacent legs; that all cross members run parallel to each other and, together with the vertical frame parts, a series of rectangularly enclosed openings between "Form adjacent cross beams; and that at least one stiffening beam is the distance between the bridges the upper and lower horizontal frame parts and cuts the cross beams, each stiffening beam a flat, flange-like inner leg resting against the plywood cladding and has an outwardly facing leg that is perpendicular to the inner leg.

An additional advantage of the formwork panel according to the invention is that the essential Properties of the known shuttering panels are retained in their entirety, and that a erfindungsgennisse Formwork sheet with regard to the adaptation to the structure, insofar as this is used of flat protected tie rods, T-piece wedge connectors and the like, or known use Formwork accessories, e.g. clamps, shaped clips and other panel attachments, not significantly different from a standard shuttering panel differs. In fact, a formwork panel constructed according to the invention can be used for any given Use case in exchange with the known formwork panels be used.

The invention is described in the following description of an exemplary embodiment in conjunction with FIG

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Drawing explained in more detail, namely shows:

Fig. 1 is a perspective part view oiner Concrete wall form using formwork panels designed according to the invention;

2 shows a scaled-up perspective tail view of the mouth section between a cross member and a stiffening beam piece;

3 is a partially enlarged perspective view of an assembled Concrete wall formwork using c * rei Schallingsplatten, the are shown connected to one another with the edges abutting;

Figures 4, 5 and 6 are each a sectional view along the line 4-4 in FIG. 3, along the line 5-5 in FIG. 4 and along the Line 6-6 in Fig. 1.

In the following, reference is made to FIG. 1, in which a concrete wall formwork constructed using the panels according to the invention is shown. The front and Bückseiten the formwork are designated 10 respectively, and each page consists of a in number of inventively constructed Schalungsplat- th ™ 14, which are attached with their edges abutting one another arranged. The two sides 10 and 12 of the formwork are held at a vertical distance from one another by means of known horizontal and transverse tie rods 16, the tie rods being fastened to the form panels in the manner still described by means of connectors 18 consisting of T-pieces and ropes.

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Each formwork panel 14 is prefabricated and has an open, hollow, pressure-shaped structure and consists a right-angled plywood cladding 20 and a right-angled one running along its edge, made of steel reinforcement frame, the longitudinal or vertically extending frame parts 22 and transversely or horizontally extending frame parts 23. In Figure 1, the formwork panels 14 are shown in such an arrangement that their longitudinal frame parts 22 run vertically and their transverse frame parts 23 run horizontally therefore taken on the basis of this arrangement in the formwork with reference to the formwork panels. In corresponding planes run horizontally between the opposite vertical frame parts 22 extending, made of steel transverse girders 24 in the form of structural steel girders with a Z-shaped cross-section, which are attached to the opposite frame parts

22 are welded on · The plywood cladding 20 consists of five stacked and joined together Layers «In order to achieve maximum load-bearing capacity, the plywood cladding is arranged that the middle and the two outer layers have a longitudinal fiber course have, while the fiber orientation is arranged in the two between the middle and the outer layers Layers of plywood running in the transverse direction.

The vertical and horizontal frame parts 22 and

23 are in the form of structural steel girders of low U-shaped cross-section, and each girder is made from an inner and an outer pointing outward

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Legs 26 and 28 and a web section 30 connecting them. On the side of each web section opposite the legs 26 and 28, a laterally inwardly facing flange 32 (see FIG The inside is flush with the inner edge sections of the frame parts 22 and 23. Pairs of transversely aligned grooves 34- "the horizontally running channel-like gaps 35" when the vertical frame parts 22 are joined together are incorporated in the legs 26 and 28 in areas that are perpendicularly spaced from one another the slotted ends of the tie rods 18. A rectangular slot 36 is machined in the web section 30 of each frame part at the level of each pair of grooves 34, through which the shaft section of the T-piece of one of the connectors 18 can be pushed, whereby the adjacent or abutting The various groups of grooves 34 and slots 36 are arranged at intervals of 30.5 mm in such a way that it is ensured that the grooves of adjacent frame parts are aligned even if any of the formwork panels are in alignment upside down ends is used · The above mentioned These tie rods extend through the channel-like gaps 35 'also mentioned, their slotted ends being aligned with the adjacent slots 36 so that the shank portions of the T-pieces of the T-piece and wedge connectors 18 pass through the slotted ends

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step in front of the tie rods and thereby fix the tie rods in a known manner.

As usual with most formwork panels, run across the four corners of each shuttering panel 14 on the outside of short diagonal struts 38, whose Ends are welded to the vertical and horizontal frame members 22 and 23, and those with the plywood cladding 20 are riveted. The construction of the concrete formwork panel described so far is with the exception the special cross-sectional shape of the cross members 24 and their inner flange arrangement are fully known, i.e. it corresponds to the structure of a known formwork panel. According to the invention, the cross members 24 a Z-shaped one instead of the previously used L-shape Structure and each cross member has a central web 40, one on the inside protruding upwards, legs 42 resting flat against the plywood cladding 20 and one that points downward outer leg 44 on. The ends of the webs 40 of the cross members 24 are in the manner shown at 46 with Slotted to make room for the wedges of the connectors 18 when the wedges pass through the slotted outer ends of the T-pieces are hammered down, as is the case with the known formwork panels is common.

The main modification of a standard formwork sheet according to The present invention resides in a pair of perpendicular stiffening beams 50 is provided in the form of L-shaped angle profiles. Each stiffening beam has an inner, flat against the outside surface of the plywood siding

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20 adjacent. Flange-shaped legs 52 and one outwardly facing flange-shaped leg 54 which is at right angles to the plywood siding 20 stands. The inner legs 52 of the "two stiffening beams 50 point in opposite directions, i.e. away from one another, as best seen in FIG is. The stiffening beams 50 run without interruption between the upper and lower horizontal Frame part 23 of the reinforcement frame and they are welded at their ends to these frame parts. The lateral arrangement of the spaced apart stiffening beams 50 is made so that that they, in conjunction with the various cross members 24 cut by them, have a lattice-like structure Have a frame structure that (in the case of the large-format formwork panels shown) eighteen enclosed, has nearly square openings of substantially the same size. However, it is clear that in the case of formwork panels of a smaller format and lower height, a smaller number of cross members have, the number of enclosed openings is correspondingly smaller, with omitted for each or missing cross members three fewer openings are available.

The way in which the stiffening beams 50 intersecting the cross members 24, is clear from FIG. 2, in which it can be seen that in the web 40 of the cross member a narrow recess 56 (see Fig. 2) is incorporated, which the outward Leg 54 of the stiffening beam 50 receives, while the leg 52 of the cross member is provided with a wide recess 58 which

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the inner leg 52 of the stiffening beam 50 receives. The leg 42 of the cross member 24 and the Legs 52 of the stiffening beam 50 are coplanar and both lie flat against the exterior surface of the plywood panel 20. When manufactured or when When a given concrete shuttering panel is assembled, the joints between the two girders are made welded as shown at 60 after a special reinforcement beam 50 in the recesses 56 and 58 of the associated cross member 24 is added.

The shuttering panels 14 according to the invention can be produced in different ways. if the entire, within the boundaries of the rectangular frame parts 22 and 25, can be desired Formed reinforcement frame lying plywood reinforcement construction into a one-piece Assembled grid unit and then inserted into the frame and welded to it, wherein the welding takes place at the points where the extreme ends of the crossbeams 24 and the stiffening beams 50 to the vertical frame parts 22 or the horizontal frame parts 23 abut. Alternatively, the stiffening beams 50 can be attached to the corresponding Places in the reinforcement frame are used, whereupon the cross members 24 in the above in Connection with Fig. 2 described manner are inserted and then welded. Independent of the special production method of the shuttering panels 14, however, remain the essential features of the inventor mg the same.

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From the above description and in particular from those set in the introduction to the description theoretical considerations it follows that by using the Z-shaped cross member 24 · in connection with the angle iron stiffening girders 50 running vertically and intersecting the cross girders an effective pre-reinforcement is achieved by means of which the plywood panel 20 bulges outwards is avoided so that no "quilting" or "pillow" effect is left in the finished concrete wall after the concrete shuttering panels have been removed. In any case it must be noted that through this vertical stiffening beam 50 the deflection of the plywood panel 20 essentially on the Deflection of the cross member itself is limited.

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Claims (9)

Claims zaatasasaaMsxsas 1./Along its vertical edges with other formwork panels butting together formwork panel for the production of formwork for concrete walls, which has a rectangular plywood cladding and a rectangular frame consisting of vertical and horizontal frame parts, with vertical frame parts arranged at the same distance from each other, opposing pairs of slots are provided for receiving connecting elements, characterized in that a series of horizontally running transverse cross members (24) reinforcing the plywood cladding are provided, the ends of which are attached to the vertical frame parts (23), with each pair of opposing slots (36) a cross member is provided and ^ each cross member (24) has a horizontally projecting web (40) which is arranged perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the associated pair of slots offset by a small distance, and a flac hen has vertical inner legs (42) abutting the plywood siding (20) ; that all cross members (24) run parallel to each other and together old the _H11 109884/1098 AS vertical frame parts (23) form a row of rectangularly enclosed openings between adjacent cross members; and that at least one stiffening beam (50) bridges the distance between the upper and lower horizontal frame parts (23) and intersects the cross members (24), each stiffening beam (50) having a flat flange-like bearing against the plywood cladding (20)
inner leg (52) and an outwardly facing leg (54) which extends at right angles to the inner leg (52). 2. Formwork panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse girders (24) are Z- shaped in cross-section and have a third vertically extending outer leg (44) which
perpendicular in a direction opposite to the projection direction of the planar vertical inner leg (42) of the cross member (24). 3. Formwork panel according to claim 2, characterized in that the flat vertical inner leg fc (42) of each cross member (24) faces upwards, and that the third flat, vertically extending outer leg (44) points downwards. 4. Formwork panel according to one of claims 1 to 3t, characterized in that the horizontally extending, collar-like web (40) of each cross member (24) is provided with a bit of a deep recess (56) through which the flat, vertical outer leg (54) of the stiffening beam (50) passes, and that the perpendicular inner leg (42) each 109884/1098 Cross member (24) is provided with a wide recess (58) through which the flat inner leg (52) of the stiffening beam (50) passes through, wherein the inner legs (42, 52) of the cross member and the stiffening beam lie in one plane. 5. Formwork panel according to claim 4, characterized in that that two stiffening beams (50) are provided, each of the between adjacent cross beams (24) divide the lying openings into three openings of essentially the same width. 6. Formwork panel according to one of claims 1 to 5 » characterized in that the cross beams (24) and the stiffening beams (50) at their interfaces are welded and so a rigid grid-like reinforcement within the rectangular boundaries the outer reinforcement frame (22, 25) forming plywood cladding (20), and that the various grid openings are essentially the same size. 7 · Formwork panel according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the flat inner legs (52) of the two stiffening beams (50) from the associated outwardly facing legs (5 * 0 laterally protrude in the same direction. 8. Formwork panel according to one of claims 4 to 7 « characterized in that the horizontally extending collar-like web (40) of each cross member (24) is somewhat across the horizontal plane of the associated pair of slots (36) in the vertical frame parts (22) 109884/1098 to versetst let « 9. Formwork panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plywood lining (20) consists of five layers, and that the plywood cladding is arranged in such a way that the fibers predominantly run vertically. 109884/1098 Le erseiie