DE20936C

DE20936C - Expansion apparatus for steam engines

Info

Publication number: DE20936C
Application number: DENDAT20936D
Authority: DE
Original assignee: O. HUTZLER in Tiefenstein in Baden

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

KLASSE 14: mAMPFMASCHiNEN.CLASS 14: MAMPING MACHINES.

Patentirt im Deutschen Reiche vom 11. November 1881 ab.Patented in the German Empire on November 11, 1881.

Der Apparat functionirt in folgender Weise: Der Dampf strömt durch den Stutzen A in die Kammer B ein. Vom Stutzen A aus geht ein Kanal C durch die Wand des Gufskörpers in den Raum D und führt einen Theil des Dampfes unter den Kolben E. Da die Fläche des letzteren gröfser ist als diejenige des Expansionsventils F, mit welchem er durch die Stange G verbunden ist, so hebt der Dampf den Kolben sammt dem Ventil, worauf dann der Arbeitsdampf durch die Ventilöffnung, den Raum H und die Ausflufsöffnung J in den Schieberkasten bezw. in den Dampfcylinder strömt.The apparatus works in the following way: The steam flows through the nozzle A into the chamber B. From the nozzle A , a channel C goes through the wall of the cast body into the space D and leads part of the steam under the piston E. Since the area of the latter is larger than that of the expansion valve F, to which it is connected by the rod G. , so the steam lifts the piston together with the valve, whereupon the working steam through the valve opening, the space H and the outlet opening J respectively into the valve body. flows into the steam cylinder.

Bei seinem Durchgang vom Ventil nach dem Schieberkasten wirkt der Dampf · mit seinem vollen Druck auch auf die obere Fläche des Kolbens E und hebt die einseitige Belastung desselben auf; Kolben und Ventil fallen dann infolge ihres eigenen Gewichts nieder und schliefsen den Dampf schnell ab. Durch das Abströmen des Dampfes in den Dampfcylinder ergiebt sich hierauf eine Verminderung des Dampfdruckes im Raum H bezw. auf den Kolben E, worauf sich derselbe infolge des Dampfdruckes von unten her wieder hebt und somit das Ventil wieder öffnet, bis der oben einströmende Dampf auf die beschriebene Weise aufs neue Anlafs giebt, dafs das Ventil sich schliefst etc.On its passage from the valve to the valve body, the steam acts with its full pressure on the upper surface of the piston E and cancels the one-sided loading of the same; The piston and valve then drop under their own weight and quickly shut off the steam. The outflow of steam into the steam cylinder results in a reduction in the steam pressure in space H respectively. on piston E, whereupon it rises again from below as a result of the steam pressure and thus opens the valve again until the steam flowing in from above gives a new start in the manner described, so that the valve closes, etc.

In dem Kanal C befinden sich zwei Regulirvorrichtungen; die eine, L, steht in Verbindung, mit dem Centrifugalregulator, die andere, M, mit dem Schieber bezw. mit der Schieberstange. Die erste Regulirvorrichtung hat folgende Einrichtung (s. Fig. 3): In einem passenden Gehäuse befindet sich ein in der Mitte durchbrochener hahnartiger Körper a, in welchen auf der einen Seite ganz lose ein Stück b eingepafst ist, das bei c die ganze Bohröffnung ausfüllt und dadurch der Stopfbüchsenpackung dd als Stützpunkt dient. Von da aus führt die an b befestigte kleine Achse χ durch die Stopfbüchse e zur Kurbel /, welche mit dem Centri-, fugalregulator verbunden ist. Bei der Bewegung des letzteren wird der Hahn α zu- und aufgedreht bezw. der Dampfkanal C theilweise oder ganz geöffnet oder abgeschlossen, wodurch das Spiel des Ventils nach dem beschriebenen Vorgange regulirt werden soll. Ist der Hahn so weit geschlossen, dafs er nur eine kleine Dampfdurchgangsöffnung läfst, so kann der den Kolben hebende Dampf nur langsam durchströmen, und es wird dann jeweils, bevor das. Ventil ganz geöffnet ist, der durch dasselbe abziehende Arbeitsdampf das Ventil F wieder zum Schlufs bringen, bevor es sich ganz geöffnet hat. Es wird also der Hub des Ventils in diesem Falle kleiner sein, als wenn der Kanal C ganz geöffnet ist. Wird aber der Hahn durch den Centrifugalregulator ganz abgeschlossen, so bleibt auch das Ventil F geschlossen, bis die Dampfverbindung im Kanal C wieder hergestellt ist, um Kolben und Ventil zu heben.There are two regulators in channel C; one, L, is in connection with the centrifugal regulator, the other, M, with the slide respectively. with the push rod. The first regulating device has the following device (see Fig. 3): In a suitable housing there is a perforated in the middle, cock-like body a, into which a piece b is loosely fitted on one side, which fills the entire bore opening at c and thereby the gland packing dd serves as a support point. From there, the minor axis χ attached to b leads through the stuffing box e to the crank /, which is connected to the centrifugal regulator. During the movement of the latter, the cock α is closed and opened BEZW. the steam channel C partially or completely opened or closed, whereby the play of the valve is to be regulated according to the process described. If the cock is closed so far that it only leaves a small opening for the passage of steam, the steam lifting the piston can flow through only slowly, and before the valve is fully opened, the working steam that is drawn off by the same withdrawing working steam closes valve F again Bring it to a close before it has fully opened. In this case, the stroke of the valve will be smaller than when channel C is fully open. If, however, the cock is completely closed by the centrifugal regulator, valve F also remains closed until the steam connection in channel C is re-established in order to lift the piston and valve.

Der Hahn α ist mit der Achse χ nicht direct, sondern durch die Einlage b, welche etwas Spielraum hat, verbunden, damit er stets einen guten Verschlufs bilde, selbst wenn er sich durch den Gebrauch abnutzen sollte, und damit ferner ein ruhiges Reguliren erzielt werde, d. h. damit vermieden werde, dafs sich eine zitternde Bewegung vom CentrifugalregulatorThe cock α is not directly connected to the axis χ , but through the insert b, which has some leeway, so that it always forms a good seal, even if it should wear out through use, and so that, furthermore, a smooth regulation can be achieved , that is, to avoid a trembling movement from the centrifugal regulator

Claims

here, which is irrelevant for the regulation, transferred to the cock α .

Fig. 4 shows the section from with the cross section of the piston E. Here , the Dampfausströmmöfmungen kk can be seen, as well as the regulating slide M, which moves back and forth across the channel C on the path N , evenly with the steam slide. This is because the regulating slide M is connected to this by means of the lever K, as shown in FIG. The aim of this device is that, when the channels of the steam cylinder are closed by the steam valve in the valve body, the valve M then also keeps the channel opening C closed, so that during this time no steam flows under the piston E and the expansion valve remains closed until the slide opens one of the two channels leading into the steam cylinder. At the same time, channel C and thus the expansion valve are also opened, so that the steam can only flow into the machine at the right moment.

This apparatus regulates the steam admission according to the speed of the steam engine through the device L, Fig. 3, by means of the centrifugal regulator and then through the device M, Fig. the machine.

In order to be able to regulate the respective steam inflow through the channel C under the piston E at a certain stroke of the steam valve, an adjustable piece ο is attached to the extension P of the pull rod K, Fig. 1, for connection to the valve rod. If the same is adjusted upwards on the pull rod K , the stroke of the regulating slide M becomes larger, and the damping passage opening C then remains open longer; but if the connecting piece is shifted more downwards, the opposite effect is obtained. This adjustment also changes the size of the channel opening in M, which corresponds to a certain point of the piston stroke, which also influences the stroke of the expansion valve.

When the slide M is closed, the steam in space D escapes through the lateral openings kk to space H. The continuations ii of the bores kk are also intended for relieving the piston E after the channel opening C has been closed , but could also be considered of the patentee may be omitted.

Godfather τ-An saying:

An expansion apparatus in which the steam, flowing in above the valve F , simultaneously passes through a channel C under the piston E and lifts it, as well as the valve connected to it by a piston rod G , whereupon the steam, passing between valve and piston, follows flows through the valve body, thereby loading the piston from above and thereby closing the valve, in connection with the two regulating devices Z and M, as shown in the drawing and description.

1 sheet of drawings.